runtime array indexing

asg/src/error/mod.rs

@@ -180,6 +180,14 @@ impl AsgConvertError {
         Self::new_from_span(format!("tuple index out of bounds: '{}'", index), span)
     }
 
+    pub fn array_index_out_of_bounds(index: usize, span: &Span) -> Self {
+        Self::new_from_span(format!("array index out of bounds: '{}'", index), span)
+    }
+
+    pub fn unknown_array_size(span: &Span) -> Self {
+        Self::new_from_span("array size cannot be inferred, add explicit types".to_string(), span)
+    }
+
     pub fn unexpected_call_argument_count(expected: usize, got: usize, span: &Span) -> Self {
         Self::new_from_span(
             format!("function call expected {} arguments, got {}", expected, got),

asg/src/expression/array_access.rs

@@ -89,8 +89,8 @@ impl<'a> FromAst<'a, leo_ast::ArrayAccessExpression> for ArrayAccessExpression<'
             &*value.array,
             Some(PartialType::Array(expected_type.map(Box::new), None)),
         )?;
-        match array.get_type() {
+        let array_len = match array.get_type() {
-            Some(Type::Array(..)) => (),
+            Some(Type::Array(_, len)) => len,
             type_ => {
                 return Err(AsgConvertError::unexpected_type(
                     "array",
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ impl<'a> FromAst<'a, leo_ast::ArrayAccessExpression> for ArrayAccessExpression<'
                     &value.span,
                 ));
             }
-        }
+        };
 
         let index = <&Expression<'a>>::from_ast(
             scope,
@@ -106,11 +106,18 @@ impl<'a> FromAst<'a, leo_ast::ArrayAccessExpression> for ArrayAccessExpression<'
             Some(PartialType::Integer(None, Some(IntegerType::U32))),
         )?;
 
-        if !index.is_consty() {
+        if let Some(index) = index
-            return Err(AsgConvertError::unexpected_nonconst(
+            .const_value()
-                &index.span().cloned().unwrap_or_default(),
+            .map(|x| x.int().map(|x| x.to_usize()).flatten())
+            .flatten()
+        {
+            if index > array_len {
+                return Err(AsgConvertError::array_index_out_of_bounds(
+                    index,
+                    &array.span().cloned().unwrap_or_default(),
                 ));
             }
+        }
 
         Ok(ArrayAccessExpression {
             parent: Cell::new(None),

asg/src/expression/array_range_access.rs

@@ -26,6 +26,9 @@ pub struct ArrayRangeAccessExpression<'a> {
     pub array: Cell<&'a Expression<'a>>,
     pub left: Cell<Option<&'a Expression<'a>>>,
     pub right: Cell<Option<&'a Expression<'a>>>,
+    // this is either const(right) - const(left) OR the length inferred by type checking
+    // special attention must be made to update this if semantic-altering changes are made to left or right.
+    pub length: usize,
 }
 
 impl<'a> Node for ArrayRangeAccessExpression<'a> {
@@ -55,25 +58,12 @@ impl<'a> ExpressionNode<'a> for ArrayRangeAccessExpression<'a> {
     }
 
     fn get_type(&self) -> Option<Type<'a>> {
-        let (element, array_len) = match self.array.get().get_type() {
+        let element = match self.array.get().get_type() {
-            Some(Type::Array(element, len)) => (element, len),
+            Some(Type::Array(element, _)) => element,
             _ => return None,
         };
-        let const_left = match self.left.get().map(|x| x.const_value()) {
-            Some(Some(ConstValue::Int(x))) => x.to_usize()?,
-            None => 0,
-            _ => return None,
-        };
-        let const_right = match self.right.get().map(|x| x.const_value()) {
-            Some(Some(ConstValue::Int(x))) => x.to_usize()?,
-            None => array_len,
-            _ => return None,
-        };
-        if const_left > const_right || const_right > array_len {
-            return None;
-        }
 
-        Some(Type::Array(element, const_right - const_left))
+        Some(Type::Array(element, self.length))
     }
 
     fn is_mut_ref(&self) -> bool {
@@ -113,9 +103,9 @@ impl<'a> FromAst<'a, leo_ast::ArrayRangeAccessExpression> for ArrayRangeAccessEx
         value: &leo_ast::ArrayRangeAccessExpression,
         expected_type: Option<PartialType<'a>>,
     ) -> Result<ArrayRangeAccessExpression<'a>, AsgConvertError> {
-        let expected_array = match expected_type {
+        let (expected_array, expected_len) = match expected_type.clone() {
-            Some(PartialType::Array(element, _len)) => Some(PartialType::Array(element, None)),
+            Some(PartialType::Array(element, len)) => (Some(PartialType::Array(element, None)), len),
-            None => None,
+            None => (None, None),
             Some(x) => {
                 return Err(AsgConvertError::unexpected_type(
                     &x.to_string(),
@@ -126,8 +116,8 @@ impl<'a> FromAst<'a, leo_ast::ArrayRangeAccessExpression> for ArrayRangeAccessEx
         };
         let array = <&Expression<'a>>::from_ast(scope, &*value.array, expected_array)?;
         let array_type = array.get_type();
-        match array_type {
+        let (parent_element, parent_size) = match array_type {
-            Some(Type::Array(_, _)) => (),
+            Some(Type::Array(inner, size)) => (inner, size),
             type_ => {
                 return Err(AsgConvertError::unexpected_type(
                     "array",
@@ -135,7 +125,8 @@ impl<'a> FromAst<'a, leo_ast::ArrayRangeAccessExpression> for ArrayRangeAccessEx
                     &value.span,
                 ));
             }
-        }
+        };
+
         let left = value
             .left
             .as_deref()
@@ -151,26 +142,72 @@ impl<'a> FromAst<'a, leo_ast::ArrayRangeAccessExpression> for ArrayRangeAccessEx
             })
             .transpose()?;
 
-        if let Some(left) = left.as_ref() {
+        let const_left = match left.map(|x| x.const_value()) {
-            if !left.is_consty() {
+            Some(Some(ConstValue::Int(x))) => x.to_usize(),
-                return Err(AsgConvertError::unexpected_nonconst(
+            None => Some(0),
-                    &left.span().cloned().unwrap_or_default(),
+            _ => None,
+        };
+        let const_right = match right.map(|x| x.const_value()) {
+            Some(Some(ConstValue::Int(value))) => {
+                let value = value.to_usize();
+                if let Some(value) = value {
+                    if value > parent_size {
+                        return Err(AsgConvertError::array_index_out_of_bounds(
+                            value,
+                            &right.unwrap().span().cloned().unwrap_or_default(),
+                        ));
+                    } else if let Some(left) = const_left {
+                        if left > value {
+                            return Err(AsgConvertError::array_index_out_of_bounds(
+                                value,
+                                &right.unwrap().span().cloned().unwrap_or_default(),
                             ));
                         }
                     }
-        if let Some(right) = right.as_ref() {
+                }
-            if !right.is_consty() {
+                value
-                return Err(AsgConvertError::unexpected_nonconst(
+            }
-                    &right.span().cloned().unwrap_or_default(),
+            None => Some(parent_size),
+            _ => None,
+        };
+
+        let mut length = if let (Some(left), Some(right)) = (const_left, const_right) {
+            Some(right - left)
+        } else {
+            None
+        };
+        if let Some(expected_len) = expected_len {
+            if let Some(length) = length {
+                if length != expected_len {
+                    let concrete_type = Type::Array(parent_element, length);
+                    return Err(AsgConvertError::unexpected_type(
+                        &expected_type.as_ref().unwrap().to_string(),
+                        Some(&concrete_type.to_string()),
+                        &value.span,
                     ));
                 }
             }
+            if let Some(value) = const_left {
+                if value + expected_len > parent_size {
+                    return Err(AsgConvertError::array_index_out_of_bounds(
+                        value,
+                        &left.unwrap().span().cloned().unwrap_or_default(),
+                    ));
+                }
+            }
+            length = Some(expected_len);
+        }
+        if length.is_none() {
+            return Err(AsgConvertError::unknown_array_size(&value.span));
+        }
+
         Ok(ArrayRangeAccessExpression {
             parent: Cell::new(None),
             span: Some(value.span.clone()),
             array: Cell::new(array),
             left: Cell::new(left),
             right: Cell::new(right),
+            length: length.unwrap(),
         })
     }
 }

compiler/src/errors/expression.rs

@@ -85,12 +85,24 @@ impl ExpressionError {
         Self::new_from_span(message, span)
     }
 
-    pub fn index_out_of_bounds(index: usize, span: &Span) -> Self {
+    pub fn tuple_index_out_of_bounds(index: usize, span: &Span) -> Self {
         let message = format!("cannot access index {} of tuple out of bounds", index);
 
         Self::new_from_span(message, span)
     }
 
+    pub fn array_index_out_of_bounds(index: usize, span: &Span) -> Self {
+        let message = format!("cannot access index {} of array out of bounds", index);
+
+        Self::new_from_span(message, span)
+    }
+
+    pub fn array_invalid_slice_length(span: &Span) -> Self {
+        let message = "illegal length of slice".to_string();
+
+        Self::new_from_span(message, span)
+    }
+
     pub fn invalid_dimensions(expected: &ArrayDimensions, actual: &ArrayDimensions, span: &Span) -> Self {
         let message = format!(
             "expected array dimensions {}, found array dimensions {}",

compiler/src/errors/statement.rs

@@ -61,6 +61,12 @@ impl StatementError {
         Self::new_from_span(message, span)
     }
 
+    pub fn array_assign_index_const(span: &Span) -> Self {
+        let message = "Cannot assign to non-const array index".to_string();
+
+        Self::new_from_span(message, span)
+    }
+
     pub fn array_assign_interior_index(span: &Span) -> Self {
         let message = "Cannot assign single index to interior of array of values".to_string();
 
@@ -217,4 +223,10 @@ impl StatementError {
 
         Self::new_from_span(message, span)
     }
+
+    pub fn loop_index_const(span: &Span) -> Self {
+        let message = "iteration range must be const".to_string();
+
+        Self::new_from_span(message, span)
+    }
 }

compiler/src/expression/array/access.rs

@@ -16,10 +16,22 @@
 
 //! Enforces array access in a compiled Leo program.
 
-use crate::{errors::ExpressionError, program::ConstrainedProgram, value::ConstrainedValue, GroupType};
+use crate::{
-use leo_asg::{Expression, Span};
+    arithmetic::*,
+    errors::ExpressionError,
+    program::ConstrainedProgram,
+    relational::*,
+    value::{ConstrainedValue, Integer},
+    GroupType,
+};
+use leo_asg::{ConstInt, Expression, Span};
 
 use snarkvm_fields::PrimeField;
+use snarkvm_gadgets::utilities::{
+    boolean::Boolean,
+    eq::{EqGadget, EvaluateEqGadget},
+    select::CondSelectGadget,
+};
 use snarkvm_r1cs::ConstraintSystem;
 
 impl<'a, F: PrimeField, G: GroupType<F>> ConstrainedProgram<'a, F, G> {
@@ -31,13 +43,58 @@ impl<'a, F: PrimeField, G: GroupType<F>> ConstrainedProgram<'a, F, G> {
         index: &'a Expression<'a>,
         span: &Span,
     ) -> Result<ConstrainedValue<'a, F, G>, ExpressionError> {
-        let array = match self.enforce_expression(cs, array)? {
+        let mut array = match self.enforce_expression(cs, array)? {
             ConstrainedValue::Array(array) => array,
             value => return Err(ExpressionError::undefined_array(value.to_string(), span)),
         };
 
         let index_resolved = self.enforce_index(cs, index, span)?;
-        Ok(array[index_resolved].to_owned())
+        if let Some(resolved) = index_resolved.to_usize() {
+            if resolved >= array.len() {
+                return Err(ExpressionError::array_index_out_of_bounds(resolved, span));
+            }
+            Ok(array[resolved].to_owned())
+        } else {
+            if array.is_empty() {
+                return Err(ExpressionError::array_index_out_of_bounds(0, span));
+            }
+            {
+                let bounds_check = evaluate_lt::<F, G, CS>(
+                    cs,
+                    ConstrainedValue::Integer(index_resolved.clone()),
+                    ConstrainedValue::Integer(Integer::new(&ConstInt::U32(array.len() as u32))),
+                    span,
+                )?;
+                let bounds_check = match bounds_check {
+                    ConstrainedValue::Boolean(b) => b,
+                    _ => unimplemented!("illegal non-Integer returned from lt"),
+                };
+                let namespace_string = format!("evaluate array access bounds {}:{}", span.line_start, span.col_start);
+                let mut unique_namespace = cs.ns(|| namespace_string);
+                bounds_check
+                    .enforce_equal(&mut unique_namespace, &Boolean::Constant(true))
+                    .map_err(|e| ExpressionError::cannot_enforce("array bounds check".to_string(), e, span))?;
+            }
+            let mut current_value = array.pop().unwrap();
+            for (i, item) in array.into_iter().enumerate() {
+                let namespace_string = format!("evaluate array access eq {} {}:{}", i, span.line_start, span.col_start);
+                let eq_namespace = cs.ns(|| namespace_string);
+                //todo: bounds check static index
+                let const_index = ConstInt::U32(i as u32).cast_to(&index_resolved.get_type());
+                let index_comparison = index_resolved
+                    .evaluate_equal(eq_namespace, &Integer::new(&const_index))
+                    .map_err(|_| ExpressionError::cannot_evaluate("==".to_string(), span))?;
+
+                //todo: handle out of bounds
+                let unique_namespace =
+                    cs.ns(|| format!("select array access {} {}:{}", i, span.line_start, span.col_start));
+                let value =
+                    ConstrainedValue::conditionally_select(unique_namespace, &index_comparison, &item, &current_value)
+                        .map_err(|e| ExpressionError::cannot_enforce("conditional select".to_string(), e, span))?;
+                current_value = value;
+            }
+            Ok(current_value)
+        }
     }
 
     #[allow(clippy::too_many_arguments)]
@@ -47,6 +104,7 @@ impl<'a, F: PrimeField, G: GroupType<F>> ConstrainedProgram<'a, F, G> {
         array: &'a Expression<'a>,
         left: Option<&'a Expression<'a>>,
         right: Option<&'a Expression<'a>>,
+        length: usize,
         span: &Span,
     ) -> Result<ConstrainedValue<'a, F, G>, ExpressionError> {
         let array = match self.enforce_expression(cs, array)? {
@@ -56,12 +114,98 @@ impl<'a, F: PrimeField, G: GroupType<F>> ConstrainedProgram<'a, F, G> {
 
         let from_resolved = match left {
             Some(from_index) => self.enforce_index(cs, from_index, span)?,
-            None => 0usize, // Array slice starts at index 0
+            None => Integer::new(&ConstInt::U32(0)), // Array slice starts at index 0
         };
         let to_resolved = match right {
             Some(to_index) => self.enforce_index(cs, to_index, span)?,
-            None => array.len(), // Array slice ends at array length
+            // todo: handle out of bounds for array len
+            None => Integer::new(&ConstInt::U32(array.len() as u32)), // Array slice ends at array length
         };
-        Ok(ConstrainedValue::Array(array[from_resolved..to_resolved].to_owned()))
+        let const_dimensions = match (from_resolved.to_usize(), to_resolved.to_usize()) {
+            (Some(from), Some(to)) => Some((from, to)),
+            (Some(from), None) => Some((from, from + length)),
+            (None, Some(to)) => Some((to - length, to)),
+            (None, None) => None,
+        };
+        Ok(if let Some((left, right)) = const_dimensions {
+            if right - left != length {
+                return Err(ExpressionError::array_invalid_slice_length(span));
+            }
+            if right > array.len() {
+                return Err(ExpressionError::array_index_out_of_bounds(right, span));
+            }
+            ConstrainedValue::Array(array[left..right].to_owned())
+        } else {
+            {
+                let calc_len = enforce_sub::<F, G, _>(
+                    cs,
+                    ConstrainedValue::Integer(to_resolved.clone()),
+                    ConstrainedValue::Integer(from_resolved.clone()),
+                    span,
+                )?;
+                let calc_len = match calc_len {
+                    ConstrainedValue::Integer(i) => i,
+                    _ => unimplemented!("illegal non-Integer returned from sub"),
+                };
+                let namespace_string = format!(
+                    "evaluate array range access length check {}:{}",
+                    span.line_start, span.col_start
+                );
+                let mut unique_namespace = cs.ns(|| namespace_string);
+                calc_len
+                    .enforce_equal(&mut unique_namespace, &Integer::new(&ConstInt::U32(length as u32)))
+                    .map_err(|e| ExpressionError::cannot_enforce("array length check".to_string(), e, span))?;
+            }
+            {
+                let bounds_check = evaluate_le::<F, G, _>(
+                    cs,
+                    ConstrainedValue::Integer(to_resolved),
+                    ConstrainedValue::Integer(Integer::new(&ConstInt::U32(array.len() as u32))),
+                    span,
+                )?;
+                let bounds_check = match bounds_check {
+                    ConstrainedValue::Boolean(b) => b,
+                    _ => unimplemented!("illegal non-Integer returned from le"),
+                };
+                let namespace_string = format!(
+                    "evaluate array range access bounds {}:{}",
+                    span.line_start, span.col_start
+                );
+                let mut unique_namespace = cs.ns(|| namespace_string);
+                bounds_check
+                    .enforce_equal(&mut unique_namespace, &Boolean::Constant(true))
+                    .map_err(|e| ExpressionError::cannot_enforce("array bounds check".to_string(), e, span))?;
+            }
+            let mut windows = array.windows(length);
+            let mut result = ConstrainedValue::Array(vec![]);
+
+            for i in 0..length {
+                let window = if let Some(window) = windows.next() {
+                    window
+                } else {
+                    break;
+                };
+                let array_value = ConstrainedValue::Array(window.to_vec());
+                let mut unique_namespace =
+                    cs.ns(|| format!("array index eq-check {} {}:{}", i, span.line_start, span.col_start));
+
+                let equality = evaluate_eq::<F, G, _>(
+                    &mut unique_namespace,
+                    ConstrainedValue::Integer(from_resolved.clone()),
+                    ConstrainedValue::Integer(Integer::new(&ConstInt::U32(i as u32))),
+                    span,
+                )?;
+                let equality = match equality {
+                    ConstrainedValue::Boolean(b) => b,
+                    _ => unimplemented!("unexpected non-Boolean for evaluate_eq"),
+                };
+
+                let unique_namespace =
+                    unique_namespace.ns(|| format!("array index {} {}:{}", i, span.line_start, span.col_start));
+                result = ConstrainedValue::conditionally_select(unique_namespace, &equality, &array_value, &result)
+                    .map_err(|e| ExpressionError::cannot_enforce("conditional select".to_string(), e, span))?;
+            }
+            result
+        })
     }
 }

compiler/src/expression/array/index.rs

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
 
 //! Enforces an array index expression in a compiled Leo program.
 
-use crate::{errors::ExpressionError, program::ConstrainedProgram, value::ConstrainedValue, GroupType};
+use crate::{errors::ExpressionError, program::ConstrainedProgram, value::ConstrainedValue, GroupType, Integer};
 use leo_asg::{Expression, Span};
 
 use snarkvm_fields::PrimeField;
@@ -28,9 +28,9 @@ impl<'a, F: PrimeField, G: GroupType<F>> ConstrainedProgram<'a, F, G> {
         cs: &mut CS,
         index: &'a Expression<'a>,
         span: &Span,
-    ) -> Result<usize, ExpressionError> {
+    ) -> Result<Integer, ExpressionError> {
         match self.enforce_expression(cs, index)? {
-            ConstrainedValue::Integer(number) => Ok(number.to_usize(span)?),
+            ConstrainedValue::Integer(number) => Ok(number),
             value => Err(ExpressionError::invalid_index(value.to_string(), span)),
         }
     }

compiler/src/expression/binary/binary.rs

@@ -32,8 +32,15 @@ impl<'a, F: PrimeField, G: GroupType<F>> ConstrainedProgram<'a, F, G> {
         left: &'a Expression<'a>,
         right: &'a Expression<'a>,
     ) -> Result<ConstrainedValuePair<'a, F, G>, ExpressionError> {
-        let resolved_left = self.enforce_expression(cs, left)?;
+        let resolved_left = {
-        let resolved_right = self.enforce_expression(cs, right)?;
+            let mut left_namespace = cs.ns(|| "left".to_string());
+            self.enforce_expression(&mut left_namespace, left)?
+        };
+
+        let resolved_right = {
+            let mut right_namespace = cs.ns(|| "right".to_string());
+            self.enforce_expression(&mut right_namespace, right)?
+        };
 
         Ok((resolved_left, resolved_right))
     }

compiler/src/expression/expression.rs

@@ -133,9 +133,13 @@ impl<'a, F: PrimeField, G: GroupType<F>> ConstrainedProgram<'a, F, G> {
             Expression::ArrayAccess(ArrayAccessExpression { array, index, .. }) => {
                 self.enforce_array_access(cs, array.get(), index.get(), span)
             }
-            Expression::ArrayRangeAccess(ArrayRangeAccessExpression { array, left, right, .. }) => {
+            Expression::ArrayRangeAccess(ArrayRangeAccessExpression {
-                self.enforce_array_range_access(cs, array.get(), left.get(), right.get(), span)
+                array,
-            }
+                left,
+                right,
+                length,
+                ..
+            }) => self.enforce_array_range_access(cs, array.get(), left.get(), right.get(), *length, span),
 
             // Tuples
             Expression::TupleInit(TupleInitExpression { elements, .. }) => self.enforce_tuple(cs, &elements[..]),

compiler/src/expression/tuple/access.rs

@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ impl<'a, F: PrimeField, G: GroupType<F>> ConstrainedProgram<'a, F, G> {
         // Check for out of bounds access.
         if index > tuple.len() - 1 {
             // probably safe to be a panic here
-            return Err(ExpressionError::index_out_of_bounds(index, span));
+            return Err(ExpressionError::tuple_index_out_of_bounds(index, span));
         }
 
         Ok(tuple[index].to_owned())

compiler/src/function/mut_target.rs

@@ -51,15 +51,31 @@ impl<'a, F: PrimeField, G: GroupType<F>> ConstrainedProgram<'a, F, G> {
                 let start_index = left
                     .get()
                     .map(|start| self.enforce_index(cs, start, span))
+                    .transpose()?
+                    .map(|x| {
+                        x.to_usize()
+                            .ok_or_else(|| StatementError::array_assign_index_const(span))
+                    })
+                    .transpose()?;
+                let stop_index = right
+                    .get()
+                    .map(|stop| self.enforce_index(cs, stop, span))
+                    .transpose()?
+                    .map(|x| {
+                        x.to_usize()
+                            .ok_or_else(|| StatementError::array_assign_index_const(span))
+                    })
                     .transpose()?;
-                let stop_index = right.get().map(|stop| self.enforce_index(cs, stop, span)).transpose()?;
 
                 output.push(ResolvedAssigneeAccess::ArrayRange(start_index, stop_index));
                 Ok(inner)
             }
             Expression::ArrayAccess(ArrayAccessExpression { array, index, .. }) => {
                 let inner = self.prepare_mut_access(cs, array.get(), span, output)?;
-                let index = self.enforce_index(cs, index.get(), span)?;
+                let index = self
+                    .enforce_index(cs, index.get(), span)?
+                    .to_usize()
+                    .ok_or_else(|| StatementError::array_assign_index_const(span))?;
 
                 output.push(ResolvedAssigneeAccess::ArrayIndex(index));
                 Ok(inner)

compiler/src/statement/assign/assignee.rs

@@ -45,19 +45,35 @@ impl<'a, F: PrimeField, G: GroupType<F>> ConstrainedProgram<'a, F, G> {
                     let start_index = start
                         .get()
                         .map(|start| self.enforce_index(cs, start, &span))
+                        .transpose()?
+                        .map(|x| {
+                            x.to_usize()
+                                .ok_or_else(|| StatementError::array_assign_index_const(&span))
+                        })
+                        .transpose()?;
+                    let stop_index = stop
+                        .get()
+                        .map(|stop| self.enforce_index(cs, stop, &span))
+                        .transpose()?
+                        .map(|x| {
+                            x.to_usize()
+                                .ok_or_else(|| StatementError::array_assign_index_const(&span))
+                        })
                         .transpose()?;
-                    let stop_index = stop.get().map(|stop| self.enforce_index(cs, stop, &span)).transpose()?;
                     Ok(ResolvedAssigneeAccess::ArrayRange(start_index, stop_index))
                 }
                 AssignAccess::ArrayIndex(index) => {
-                    let index = self.enforce_index(cs, index.get(), &span)?;
+                    let index = self
+                        .enforce_index(cs, index.get(), &span)?
+                        .to_usize()
+                        .ok_or_else(|| StatementError::array_assign_index_const(&span))?;
 
                     Ok(ResolvedAssigneeAccess::ArrayIndex(index))
                 }
                 AssignAccess::Tuple(index) => Ok(ResolvedAssigneeAccess::Tuple(*index, span.clone())),
                 AssignAccess::Member(identifier) => Ok(ResolvedAssigneeAccess::Member(identifier.clone())),
             })
-            .collect::<Result<Vec<_>, crate::errors::ExpressionError>>()?;
+            .collect::<Result<Vec<_>, StatementError>>()?;
 
         let variable = assignee.target_variable.get().borrow();
 

compiler/src/statement/iteration/iteration.rs

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 //! Enforces an iteration statement in a compiled Leo program.
 
 use crate::{
+    errors::StatementError,
     program::ConstrainedProgram,
     value::ConstrainedValue,
     GroupType,
@@ -42,8 +43,14 @@ impl<'a, F: PrimeField, G: GroupType<F>> ConstrainedProgram<'a, F, G> {
 
         let span = statement.span.clone().unwrap_or_default();
 
-        let from = self.enforce_index(cs, statement.start.get(), &span)?;
+        let from = self
-        let to = self.enforce_index(cs, statement.stop.get(), &span)?;
+            .enforce_index(cs, statement.start.get(), &span)?
+            .to_usize()
+            .ok_or_else(|| StatementError::loop_index_const(&span))?;
+        let to = self
+            .enforce_index(cs, statement.stop.get(), &span)?
+            .to_usize()
+            .ok_or_else(|| StatementError::loop_index_const(&span))?;
 
         for i in from..to {
             // Store index in current function scope.

compiler/src/statement/statement.rs

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
 //! Enforces a statement in a compiled Leo program.
 
 use crate::{errors::StatementError, program::ConstrainedProgram, value::ConstrainedValue, GroupType};
-use leo_asg::Statement;
+use leo_asg::{Node, Statement};
 
 use snarkvm_fields::PrimeField;
 use snarkvm_gadgets::traits::utilities::boolean::Boolean;
@@ -42,6 +42,9 @@ impl<'a, F: PrimeField, G: GroupType<F>> ConstrainedProgram<'a, F, G> {
         statement: &'a Statement<'a>,
     ) -> StatementResult<Vec<IndicatorAndConstrainedValue<'a, F, G>>> {
         let mut results = vec![];
+        let span = statement.span().cloned().unwrap_or_default();
+        let mut cs = cs.ns(|| format!("statement {}:{}", span.line_start, span.col_start));
+        let cs = &mut cs;
 
         match statement {
             Statement::Return(statement) => {

compiler/src/value/integer/integer.rs

@@ -111,15 +111,9 @@ impl Integer {
         match_integer!(integer => integer.get_value())
     }
 
-    pub fn to_usize(&self, span: &Span) -> Result<usize, IntegerError> {
+    pub fn to_usize(&self) -> Option<usize> {
         let unsigned_integer = self;
-        let value_option: Option<String> = match_unsigned_integer!(unsigned_integer => unsigned_integer.get_value());
+        match_unsigned_integer!(unsigned_integer => unsigned_integer.get_index())
-
-        let value = value_option.ok_or_else(|| IntegerError::invalid_index(span))?;
-        let value_usize = value
-            .parse::<usize>()
-            .map_err(|_| IntegerError::invalid_integer(value, span))?;
-        Ok(value_usize)
     }
 
     pub fn get_type(&self) -> IntegerType {

compiler/tests/array/mod.rs

@@ -539,3 +539,153 @@ fn test_variable_slice_fail() {
 
     expect_asg_error(error);
 }
+
+#[test]
+fn test_array_index() {
+    let program_string = r#"
+    function main(i: u32) {
+        let b = [1u8, 2, 3, 4];
+    
+        console.assert(2 == b[i]);
+        console.assert(3 == b[2]);
+    }
+    "#;
+    let input_string = r#"
+    [main]
+    i: u32 = 1;
+    "#;
+    let program = parse_program_with_input(program_string, input_string).unwrap();
+
+    assert_satisfied(program);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_array_index_bounds_fail() {
+    let program_string = r#"
+    function main(i: u32) {
+        let b = [1u8, 2, 3, 4];
+    
+        console.assert(2 == b[i]);
+    }
+    "#;
+    let input_string = r#"
+    [main]
+    i: u32 = 4;
+    "#;
+    let program = parse_program_with_input(program_string, input_string).unwrap();
+
+    expect_compiler_error(program);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_array_range_index() {
+    let program_string = r#"
+    function main(i: u32) {
+        let b = [1u8, 2, 3, 4];
+    
+        console.assert([1u8, 2] == b[0..i]);
+        console.assert([3u8, 4] == b[i..4]);
+    }
+    "#;
+    let input_string = r#"
+    [main]
+    i: u32 = 2;
+    "#;
+    let program = parse_program_with_input(program_string, input_string).unwrap();
+
+    assert_satisfied(program);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_array_range_index_dyn() {
+    let program_string = r#"
+    function main(i: u32) {
+        let b = [1u8, 2, 3, 4];
+    
+        console.assert([1u8, 2] == b[..i]);
+        console.assert([3u8, 4] == b[i..]);
+    }
+    "#;
+    let input_string = r#"
+    [main]
+    i: u32 = 2;
+    "#;
+    let program = parse_program_with_input(program_string, input_string).unwrap();
+
+    assert_satisfied(program);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_array_range_index_full_dyn() {
+    let program_string = r#"
+    function main(i: u32, y: u32) {
+        let b = [1u8, 2, 3, 4];
+    
+        console.assert([3u8, 4] == b[i..y]);
+    }
+    "#;
+    let input_string = r#"
+    [main]
+    i: u32 = 2;
+    y: u32 = 4;
+    "#;
+    let program = parse_program_with_input(program_string, input_string).unwrap();
+
+    assert_satisfied(program);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_array_range_index_fail_bounds() {
+    let program_string = r#"
+    function main(i: u32, y: u32) {
+        let b = [1u8, 2, 3, 4];
+    
+        console.assert([1, 2] == b[3..5]);
+    }
+    "#;
+    let input_string = r#"
+    [main]
+    i: u32 = 2;
+    "#;
+    let err = parse_program_with_input(program_string, input_string).is_err();
+
+    assert!(err);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_array_range_index_full_dyn_resized_fail() {
+    let program_string = r#"
+    function main(i: u32, y: u32) {
+        let b = [1u8, 2, 3, 4];
+    
+        console.assert([3u8, 4] == b[i..y]);
+    }
+    "#;
+    let input_string = r#"
+    [main]
+    i: u32 = 1;
+    y: u32 = 4;
+    "#;
+    let program = parse_program_with_input(program_string, input_string).unwrap();
+
+    expect_compiler_error(program);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_array_range_index_full_dyn_bounds_fail() {
+    let program_string = r#"
+    function main(i: u32, y: u32) {
+        let b = [1u8, 2, 3, 4];
+    
+        console.assert([3u8, 4] == b[i..y]);
+    }
+    "#;
+    let input_string = r#"
+    [main]
+    i: u32 = 3;
+    y: u32 = 5;
+    "#;
+    let program = parse_program_with_input(program_string, input_string).unwrap();
+
+    expect_compiler_error(program);
+}

compiler/tests/function/array_params_direct_call.leo

@@ -5,5 +5,5 @@ function main() {
 
     do_nothing(arr);
     do_nothing([...arr]);
-    do_nothing(arr[1u32..]);
+    do_nothing(arr[0u32..]);
 }