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221 lines
10 KiB
C
221 lines
10 KiB
C
/**
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* @file nfc_protocol.h
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* @brief Top-level NFC protocol definitions.
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*
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* This file is to be modified upon adding a new protocol (see below).
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*
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* # How to add a new NFC protocol
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*
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* ## 1. Gather information
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*
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* Having proper protocol documentation would be ideal, although they are often available only for a fee, or given under an NDA.
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* As an alternative, reading code from relevant open-source projects or notes gathered by means of reverse engineering will do.
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*
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* ### 1.1 Technology
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*
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* Check whether the NFC technology required for the protocol is supported. If no support exists, adding the protocol may
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* be problematic, since it is highly hardware-dependent.
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*
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* @see NfcTech for the enumeration of supported NFC technologies.
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*
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* ### 1.2 Base protocols
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*
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* Check whether the protocol to be implemented is built on top of some already supported protocol.
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*
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* @see NfcProtocol for the enumeration of supported NFC protocols.
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*
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* If the answer is "yes", then the protocol to be implemented is a child protocol. If no, then it will become a base protocol.
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* Sometimes it will be necessary to implement both, e.g. when the target protocol is built on top of a base one,
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* but the latter is currently not supported.
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*
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* ## 2. Create the files
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*
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* ### 2.1 Recommended file structure
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*
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* The recommended file structure for a protocol is as follows:
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*
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* ```text
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* protocols
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* |
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* +- protocol_name
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* |
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* +- protocol_name.h
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* |
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* +- protocol_name.c
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* |
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* +- protocol_name_device_defs.h
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* |
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* +- protocol_name_poller.h
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* |
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* +- protocol_name_poller.c
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* |
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* +- protocol_name_poller_defs.h
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* |
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* .
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* . (files below are optional)
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* .
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* |
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* +- protocol_name_listener.h |
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* | |
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* +- protocol_name_listener.c |- add for emulation support
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* | |
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* +- protocol_name_listener_defs.h |
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* |
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* +- protocol_name_sync.h |
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* | |- add for synchronous API support
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* +- protocol_name_sync.c |
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* |
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* ```
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*
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* Additionally, an arbitrary amount of private `protocol_name_*_i.h` header files may be created. Do not put implementation
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* details in the regular header files, as they will be exposed in the public firmware API later on.
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*
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* ### 2.2 File structure explanation
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*
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* | Filename | Explanation |
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* |:------------------------------|:--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
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* | protocol_name.h | Main protocol data structure and associated functions declarations. It is recommended to keep the former as opaque pointer. |
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* | protocol_name.c | Implementations of functions declared in `protocol_name.h`. |
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* | protocol_name_device_defs.h | Declarations for use by the NfcDevice library. See nfc_device_base_i.h for more info. |
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* | protocol_name_poller.h | Protocol-specific poller and associated functions declarations. |
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* | protocol_name_poller.c | Implementation of functions declared in `protocol_name_poller.h`. |
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* | protocol_name_poller_defs.h | Declarations for use by the NfcPoller library. See nfc_poller_base.h for more info. |
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* | protocol_name_listener.h | Protocol-specific listener and associated functions declarations. Optional, needed for emulation support. |
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* | protocol_name_listener.c | Implementation of functions declared in `protocol_name_listener.h`. Optional, needed for emulation support. |
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* | protocol_name_listener_defs.h | Declarations for use by the NfcListener library. See nfc_listener_base.h for more info. Optional, needed for emulation support. |
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* | protocol_name_sync.h | Synchronous API declarations. (See below for sync API explanation). Optional. |
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* | protocol_name_sync.c | Synchronous API implementation. Optional. |
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*
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* ## 3 Implement the code
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*
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* ### 3.1 Protocol data structure
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*
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* A protocol data structure is what holds all data that can be possibly read from a card of a certain type. It may include a unique identifier (UID),
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* configuration bytes and flags, built-in memory, and so on.
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* Additionally, it must implement the NfcDevice interface so that it could be used by the firmware.
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*
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* @see nfc_device_base_i.h for the device interface description.
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*
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* @note It is strongly recommended to implement such a structure as an opaque type and access it via specialised methods only.
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*
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* If the protocol being implemented is a child protocol, then its data must include a pointer to the parent protocol data structure.
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* It is the protocol's responsibility to correctly create and delete the instance the pointer is pointing to.
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*
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* ### 3.2 Poller (reading functionality)
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*
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* A poller contains the functions necessary to successfully read a card of supported type. It must also implement a specific interface,
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* namely described by the NfcPollerBase type.
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*
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* Upon creation, a poller instance will receive either a pointer to the Nfc instance (if it's a base protocol), or a pointer to another poller
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* instance (if it is a child protocol) as the `alloc()` parameter.
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*
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* @see nfc_poller_base.h for the poller interface description.
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*
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* ### 3.3 Listener (emulation functionality)
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*
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* A listener implementation is optional, needed only when emulation is required/possible.
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*
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* Same considerations apply to the listener as for the poller. Additionally, upon creation it will receive an additional parameter
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* in the form of a pointer to the matching protocol data structure, which will be used during emulation. The listener instance
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* does not own this data and does not need to worry about its deletion.
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*
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* @see nfc_listener_base.h for the listener interface description.
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*
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* ### 3.4 Synchronous API
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*
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* Synchronous API does exaclty what it says -- it provides a set of blocking functions for easier use of pollers.
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* Instead of creating all necessary instances and setting up callbacks manually, it does it automatically, at the
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* expense of some flexibility.
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*
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* The most notable use of sync API is in the supported card plugins, so it's a good idea to implement it if such a plugin
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* is to be implemented afterwards.
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*
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* ### 3.5 Registering the protocol
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*
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* After completing the protocol, it must be registered within the NfcProtocol system in order for it to be usable.
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*
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* 1. In nfc_protocol.h, add a new entry in the NfcProtocol enum in the form of NfcProtocolProtocolName.
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* 2. In nfc_protocol.c, add a new entry in the `nfc_protocol_nodes[]` array under the appropriate index.
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* 1. If it is a child protocol, register it as a child in the respective `nfc_base_protocol_name_children_protocol[]` array.
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* 2. If the protocol has children on its own, create a `nfc_protocol_name_children_protocol[]` array
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* with respective identifiers and register it in the protocol entry added in step 2.
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* 3. In nfc_device_defs.c, include `protocol_name_device_defs.h` and add a pointer to the
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* `protocol_name_device_defs` structure under the appropriate index.
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* 4. In nfc_poller_defs.c, include `protocol_name_poller_defs.h` and add a pointer to the
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* `protocol_name_poller_defs` structure under the appropriate index.
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* 5. (Optional) If emulation support was implemented, do the step 4, but for the listener.
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* 6. Add `protocol_name.h`, `protocol_name_poller.h`, and optionally, `protocol_name_listener.h`
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* and `protocol_name_sync.h` into the `SDK_HEADERS` list in the SConscript file.
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* This will export the protocol's types and functions for use by the applications.
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* 7. Done!
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*
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* ## What's next?
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*
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* It's about time to integrate the newly implemented protocol into the main NFC application. Without that, reading a card
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* of this type would crash it.
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*
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* @see nfc_protocol_support.h for more information on protocol integration.
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*
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* After having done that, a supported card plugin may be implemented to take further advantage of the new protocol.
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*
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* @see nfc_supported_card_plugin.h for more information on supported card plugins.
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*
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*/
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#pragma once
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#include <stdbool.h>
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#ifdef __cplusplus
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extern "C" {
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#endif
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/**
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* @brief Enumeration of all available NFC protocols.
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*
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* When implementing a new protocol, add its identifier before the
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* NfcProtocolNum entry.
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*/
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typedef enum {
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NfcProtocolIso14443_3a,
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NfcProtocolIso14443_3b,
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NfcProtocolIso14443_4a,
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NfcProtocolIso14443_4b,
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NfcProtocolIso15693_3,
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NfcProtocolFelica,
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NfcProtocolMfUltralight,
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NfcProtocolMfClassic,
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NfcProtocolMfDesfire,
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NfcProtocolSlix,
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NfcProtocolSt25tb,
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NfcProtocolEmv,
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/* Add new protocols here */
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NfcProtocolNum, /**< Special value representing the number of available protocols. */
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NfcProtocolInvalid, /**< Special value representing an invalid state. */
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} NfcProtocol;
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/**
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* @brief Get the immediate parent of a specific protocol.
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*
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* @param[in] protocol identifier of the protocol in question.
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* @returns parent protocol identifier if it has one, or NfcProtocolInvalid otherwise.
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*/
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NfcProtocol nfc_protocol_get_parent(NfcProtocol protocol);
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/**
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* @brief Determine if a specific protocol has a parent on an arbitrary level.
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*
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* Unlike nfc_protocol_get_parent(), this function will traverse the full protocol hierarchy
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* and check each parent node for the matching protocol type.
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*
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* @param[in] protocol identifier of the protocol in question.
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* @param[in] parent_protocol identifier of the parent protocol in question.
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* @returns true if the parent of given type exists, false otherwise.
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*/
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bool nfc_protocol_has_parent(NfcProtocol protocol, NfcProtocol parent_protocol);
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#ifdef __cplusplus
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}
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#endif
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