Fix outdated usage of value-level function width in Cryptol book.

It is now called `length` and has a generalized type.

Cf. #549.

docs/ProgrammingCryptol/crashCourse/CrashCourse.tex

@@ -1370,8 +1370,7 @@ operation?
   In the last expression, the number \texttt{25} fits in 5 bits, so
   the modulus is $2^5 = 32$. The unary minus yields \texttt{7}, hence
   the result is \texttt{3}. Note that \texttt{lg2} is the \emph{floor
-    log base 2} function. The \texttt{width} function is the
-  \emph{ceiling log base 2} function.\indLg\indEq\indNeq
+    log base 2} function.\indLg\indEq\indNeq
 \end{Answer}
 
 \begin{Exercise}\label{ex:arith:5:1}
@@ -2176,11 +2175,11 @@ The {\tt Cmp a} constraint arises from the types of {\tt min} and {\tt
   given non-empty sequence, except for the last.  How can you make
   sure that {\tt butLast} can never be called with an empty sequence?
   \lhint{You might find the Cryptol primitive functions {\tt reverse}
-    and {\tt width} useful.}\indReverse\indTail\indWidth
+    and {\tt tail} useful.}\indReverse\indTail
 \end{Exercise}
 \begin{Answer}\ansref{ex:fn:3}
   Using {\tt reverse} and {\tt tail}, {\tt butLast} is easy to
-  define:\indReverse\indTail\indWidth
+  define:\indReverse\indTail
 \begin{code}
   butLast : {n, t} (fin n) => [n+1]t -> [n]t
   butLast xs = reverse (tail (reverse xs))
@@ -3033,16 +3032,16 @@ normally show up in function definitions. Sometimes you may want to
 use a type variable in a context where value variables would normally
 be used.  To do this, use the backtick character {\tt \Verb|`|}.
 
-The definition of the built-in {\tt width} function is a good example
+The definition of the built-in \texttt{length} function is a good example
 of the use of backtick:
 \begin{Verbatim}
-    width : {bits, n, a} (fin n, fin bits, bits >= width n) => [n]a -> [bits]
-    width _ = `n
+    length : {n, a, b} (fin n, Literal n b) => [n]a -> b
+    length _ = `n
 \end{Verbatim}
 
 \begin{tip}
   Note there are some subtle things going on in the above definition
-  of \texttt{width}.  First, arithmetic constraints on types are
+  of \texttt{length}.  First, arithmetic constraints on types are
   position-independent; properties of formal parameters early in a
   signature can depend upon those late in a signature.  Second, type
   constraints can refer to not only other functions, but recursively
@@ -3129,9 +3128,8 @@ is expanded in place. So the following two signatures would be
 equivalent:
 
 \begin{code}
-    width : {bits,len,elem} (fin len, fin bits, bits >= width len) =>
-            [len] elem -> [bits]
-    width : {bits,len,elem} (myConstraint len bits) => [len] elem -> [bits]
+    myWidth : {bits,len,elem} (fin len, fin bits, bits >= width len) => [len] elem -> [bits]
+    myWidth : {bits,len,elem} (myConstraint len bits) => [len] elem -> [bits]
 \end{code}
 
 %=====================================================================
@@ -3218,7 +3216,7 @@ and the unqualified names are able to be defined in your own code.
   import utilities as util
   // let's say utililities.cry defines "all", and we want to use
   // it in our refined definition of all:
-  all xs = util::all xs && (width xs) > 0
+  all xs = util::all xs && (length xs) > 0
 \end{verbatim}
 
 %=====================================================================

docs/ProgrammingCryptol/highAssurance/HighAssurance.tex

@@ -260,10 +260,10 @@ certain monomorphic types, but not at all types.\indMonomorphism
   The previous exercise might lead you to think that it is the 0-bit
   word type ({\tt [0]}) that is at the root of the polymorphic
   validity issue.  This is not true. Consider the following
-  example:\indWidth\indThmPolyvalid
+  example:\indLength\indThmPolyvalid
 \begin{code}
   property widthPoly x = (w == 15) || (w == 531)
-     where w = width x
+     where w = length x
 \end{code}
 What is the type of {\tt widthPoly}? At what instances does it hold?
 Write a property {\tt evenWidth} that holds only at even-width word
@@ -283,9 +283,9 @@ and
   {b} [531]b -> Bit
 \end{Verbatim}
 but at no other. Based on this, we can write {\tt evenWidth} as
-follows:\indWidth
+follows:\indLength
 \begin{code}
-  property evenWidth x = (width x) ! 0 == False
+  property evenWidth x = (length x) ! 0 == False
 \end{code}
 remembering that the 0'th bit of an even number is always {\tt
   False}. We have:

docs/ProgrammingCryptol/misc/Misc.tex

@@ -21,10 +21,10 @@ reader to pursue.
 \end{code}
 You might find the following Cryptol primitive functions useful:
 \begin{Verbatim}
-   width : {a b c} (c >= width a) => [a]b -> [c]
-   take  : {a b c} (fin a,b >= 0) => (a,[a+b]c) -> [a]c
-   drop  : {a b c} (fin a,a >= 0) => (a,[a+b]c) -> [b]c
-   join  : {a b c} [a][b]c -> [a*b]c
+   length : {n, a, b} (fin n, Literal n b) => [n]a -> b
+   take : {front, back, a} (fin front) => [front + back]a -> [front]a
+   drop : {front, back, a} (fin front) => [front + back]a -> [back]a
+   join : {parts, each, a} (fin each) => [parts][each]a -> [parts * each]
 \end{Verbatim}
 Use the interpreter to pass arguments to these functions to
 familiarize yourself with their operation first. What happens when you

docs/ProgrammingCryptol/prims/Primitives.tex

@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ primsPlaceHolder=1;
 \end{Verbatim}
 \paragraph*{Miscellaneous}
 \begin{Verbatim}
-    width   : {bits, n, a} (fin n, fin bits, bits >= width n) => [n]a -> [bits]
+    length : {n, a, b} (fin n, Literal n b) => [n]a -> b
     zero    : {a} (Zero a) => a
 \end{Verbatim}
 \paragraph*{Representing exceptions}

docs/ProgrammingCryptol/utils/Indexes.tex

@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@
 \newcommand{\indMin}{\index{min@\texttt{min}}\xspace}
 \newcommand{\indMax}{\index{max@\texttt{max}}\xspace}
 \newcommand{\indReverse}{\index{reverse@\texttt{reverse}}\xspace}
-\newcommand{\indWidth}{\index{width@\texttt{width}}\xspace}
+\newcommand{\indLength}{\index{length@\texttt{length}}\xspace}
 \newcommand{\indError}{\index{error@\texttt{error}}\xspace}
 \newcommand{\indUndefined}{\index{undefined@\texttt{undefined}}\xspace}
 \newcommand{\indAssert}{\index{ASSERT@\texttt{ASSERT}}\xspace}