Kernel+LibPthread+LibC: Add a naive futex and use it for pthread_cond_t

This patch implements a simple version of the futex (fast userspace
mutex) API in the kernel and uses it to make the pthread_cond_t API's
block instead of busily sched_yield().

An arbitrary userspace address is passed to the kernel as a "token"
that identifies the futex and you can then FUTEX_WAIT and FUTEX_WAKE
that specific userspace address.

FUTEX_WAIT corresponds to pthread_cond_wait() and FUTEX_WAKE is used
for pthread_cond_signal() and pthread_cond_broadcast().

I'm pretty sure I'm missing something in this implementation, but it's
hopefully okay for a start. :^)

Kernel/Process.cpp

@@ -3807,3 +3807,47 @@ Thread& Process::any_thread()
     ASSERT(found_thread);
     return *found_thread;
 }
+
+WaitQueue& Process::futex_queue(i32* userspace_address)
+{
+    auto& queue = m_futex_queues.ensure((u32)userspace_address);
+    if (!queue)
+        queue = make<WaitQueue>();
+    return *queue;
+}
+
+int Process::sys$futex(const Syscall::SC_futex_params* params)
+{
+    if (!validate_read_typed(params))
+        return -EFAULT;
+
+    auto& [userspace_address, futex_op, value, timeout] = *params;
+
+    if (!validate_read_typed(userspace_address))
+        return -EFAULT;
+
+    if (timeout && !validate_read_typed(timeout))
+        return -EFAULT;
+
+    switch (futex_op) {
+    case FUTEX_WAIT:
+        if (*userspace_address != value)
+            return -EAGAIN;
+        // FIXME: This is supposed to be interruptible by a signal, but right now WaitQueue cannot be interrupted.
+        // FIXME: Support timeout!
+        current->wait_on(futex_queue(userspace_address));
+        break;
+    case FUTEX_WAKE:
+        if (value == 0)
+            return 0;
+        if (value == 1) {
+            futex_queue(userspace_address).wake_one();
+        } else {
+            // FIXME: Wake exactly (value) waiters.
+            futex_queue(userspace_address).wake_all();
+        }
+        break;
+    }
+
+    return 0;
+}

Kernel/Process.h

@@ -233,6 +233,7 @@ public:
     int sys$profiling_enable(pid_t);
     int sys$profiling_disable(pid_t);
     void* sys$get_kernel_info_page();
+    int sys$futex(const Syscall::SC_futex_params*);
 
     static void initialize();
 
@@ -391,6 +392,9 @@ private:
     u64 m_alarm_deadline { 0 };
 
     int m_icon_id { -1 };
+
+    WaitQueue& futex_queue(i32*);
+    HashMap<u32, OwnPtr<WaitQueue>> m_futex_queues;
 };
 
 class ProcessInspectionHandle {

Kernel/Syscall.h

@@ -150,7 +150,8 @@ typedef u32 socklen_t;
     __ENUMERATE_SYSCALL(set_shared_buffer_volatile) \
     __ENUMERATE_SYSCALL(profiling_enable)           \
     __ENUMERATE_SYSCALL(profiling_disable)          \
-    __ENUMERATE_SYSCALL(get_kernel_info_page)
+    __ENUMERATE_SYSCALL(get_kernel_info_page)       \
+    __ENUMERATE_SYSCALL(futex)
 
 namespace Syscall {
 
@@ -260,6 +261,13 @@ struct SC_setsockopt_params {
     socklen_t value_size;
 };
 
+struct SC_futex_params {
+    i32* userspace_address;
+    int futex_op;
+    i32 val;
+    const timespec* timeout;
+};
+
 struct SC_create_thread_params {
     unsigned int m_detach_state = 0; // JOINABLE or DETACHED
     int m_schedule_priority = 2;     // ThreadPriority::Normal

Kernel/UnixTypes.h

@@ -46,6 +46,9 @@
 
 #define FD_CLOEXEC 1
 
+#define FUTEX_WAIT 1
+#define FUTEX_WAKE 2
+
 /* c_cc characters */
 #define VINTR 0
 #define VQUIT 1

Libraries/LibC/serenity.cpp

@@ -27,4 +27,12 @@ int profiling_disable(pid_t pid)
     int rc = syscall(SC_profiling_disable, pid);
     __RETURN_WITH_ERRNO(rc, rc, -1);
 }
+
+int futex(int32_t* userspace_address, int futex_op, int32_t value, const struct timespec* timeout)
+{
+    Syscall::SC_futex_params params { userspace_address, futex_op, value, timeout };
+    int rc = syscall(SC_futex, &params);
+    __RETURN_WITH_ERRNO(rc, rc, -1);
+}
+
 }

Libraries/LibC/serenity.h

@@ -44,4 +44,9 @@ int module_unload(const char* name, size_t name_length);
 int profiling_enable(pid_t);
 int profiling_disable(pid_t);
 
+#define FUTEX_WAIT 1
+#define FUTEX_WAKE 2
+
+int futex(int32_t* userspace_address, int futex_op, int32_t value, const struct timespec* timeout);
+
 __END_DECLS

Libraries/LibC/sys/types.h

@@ -77,7 +77,9 @@ typedef struct __pthread_mutexattr_t {
 } pthread_mutexattr_t;
 
 typedef struct __pthread_cond_t {
-    void* storage;
+    int32_t value;
+    uint32_t previous;
+    int clockid; // clockid_t
 } pthread_cond_t;
 
 typedef void* pthread_rwlock_t;

Libraries/LibPthread/pthread.cpp

@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
 #include <AK/Assertions.h>
 #include <AK/Atomic.h>
-#include <AK/InlineLinkedList.h>
 #include <AK/StdLibExtras.h>
 #include <Kernel/Syscall.h>
 #include <limits.h>
 #include <pthread.h>
+#include <serenity.h>
 #include <signal.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <sys/mman.h>
@@ -418,42 +418,27 @@ int pthread_setschedparam(pthread_t thread, int policy, const struct sched_param
     return 0;
 }
 
-struct WaitNode : public InlineLinkedListNode<WaitNode> {
-    volatile bool waiting { true };
-    WaitNode* m_next { nullptr };
-    WaitNode* m_prev { nullptr };
-};
-
-struct ConditionVariable {
-    InlineLinkedList<WaitNode> waiters;
-    clockid_t clock { CLOCK_MONOTONIC };
-};
-
 int pthread_cond_init(pthread_cond_t* cond, const pthread_condattr_t* attr)
 {
-    auto& condvar = *new ConditionVariable;
-    cond->storage = &condvar;
-    if (attr)
-        condvar.clock = attr->clockid;
+    cond->value = 0;
+    cond->previous = 0;
+    cond->clockid = attr ? attr->clockid : CLOCK_MONOTONIC;
     return 0;
 }
 
-int pthread_cond_destroy(pthread_cond_t* cond)
+int pthread_cond_destroy(pthread_cond_t*)
 {
-    delete static_cast<ConditionVariable*>(cond->storage);
     return 0;
 }
 
 int pthread_cond_wait(pthread_cond_t* cond, pthread_mutex_t* mutex)
 {
-    WaitNode node;
-    auto& condvar = *(ConditionVariable*)cond->storage;
-    condvar.waiters.append(&node);
-    while (node.waiting) {
-        pthread_mutex_unlock(mutex);
-        sched_yield();
-        pthread_mutex_lock(mutex);
-    }
+    i32 value = cond->value;
+    cond->previous = value;
+    pthread_mutex_unlock(mutex);
+    int rc = futex(&cond->value, FUTEX_WAIT, value, nullptr);
+    ASSERT(rc == 0);
+    pthread_mutex_lock(mutex);
     return 0;
 }
 
@@ -476,42 +461,27 @@ int pthread_condattr_setclock(pthread_condattr_t* attr, clockid_t clock)
 
 int pthread_cond_timedwait(pthread_cond_t* cond, pthread_mutex_t* mutex, const struct timespec* abstime)
 {
-    WaitNode node;
-    auto& condvar = *(ConditionVariable*)cond->storage;
-    condvar.waiters.append(&node);
-    while (node.waiting) {
-        struct timespec now;
-        if (clock_gettime(condvar.clock, &now) < 0) {
-            dbgprintf("pthread_cond_timedwait: clock_gettime() failed\n");
-            return errno;
-        }
-        if ((abstime->tv_sec < now.tv_sec) || (abstime->tv_sec == now.tv_sec && abstime->tv_nsec <= now.tv_nsec)) {
-            return ETIMEDOUT;
-        }
-        pthread_mutex_unlock(mutex);
-        sched_yield();
-        pthread_mutex_lock(mutex);
-    }
+    // FIXME: Implement timeout.
+    (void)abstime;
+    pthread_cond_wait(cond, mutex);
     return 0;
 }
 
 int pthread_cond_signal(pthread_cond_t* cond)
 {
-    auto& condvar = *(ConditionVariable*)cond->storage;
-    if (condvar.waiters.is_empty())
-        return 0;
-    auto* node = condvar.waiters.remove_head();
-    node->waiting = false;
+    u32 value = cond->previous + 1;
+    cond->value = value;
+    int rc = futex(&cond->value, FUTEX_WAKE, 1, nullptr);
+    ASSERT(rc == 0);
     return 0;
 }
 
 int pthread_cond_broadcast(pthread_cond_t* cond)
 {
-    auto& condvar = *(ConditionVariable*)cond->storage;
-    while (!condvar.waiters.is_empty()) {
-        auto* node = condvar.waiters.remove_head();
-        node->waiting = false;
-    }
+    u32 value = cond->previous + 1;
+    cond->value = value;
+    int rc = futex(&cond->value, FUTEX_WAKE, INT32_MAX, nullptr);
+    ASSERT(rc == 0);
     return 0;
 }
 

Libraries/LibPthread/pthread.h

@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ int pthread_setschedparam(pthread_t thread, int policy, const struct sched_param
 #define PTHREAD_MUTEX_RECURSIVE 1
 #define PTHREAD_MUTEX_DEFAULT PTHREAD_MUTEX_NORMAL
 #define PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER { 0, 0, 0, PTHREAD_MUTEX_DEFAULT }
-#define PTHREAD_COND_INITIALIZER { NULL }
+#define PTHREAD_COND_INITIALIZER { 0, 0, CLOCK_MONOTONIC }
 
 int pthread_key_create(pthread_key_t* key, void (*destructor)(void*));
 int pthread_key_delete(pthread_key_t key);