WindowServer: In HighDPI mode, load high-res window buttons and high-res cursors

Bitmap::load_from_file("foo.png", 2) will now look for "foo-2x.png" and
try load that as a bitmap with scale factor 2 if it exists. If it
doesn't, it falls back to the 1x bitmap as normal.
Only places that know that they'll draw the bitmap to a 2x painter
should pass "2" for the second argument.

Use this new API in WindowServer for loading window buttons and
cursors.

As a testing aid, ctrl-shift-super-i can force HighDPI icons off in
HighDPI mode. Toggling between low-res and high-res icons makes it easy
to see if the high-res version of an icon looks right: It should look
like the low-res version, just less jaggy.

We'll likely have to grow a better API for loading scaled resources, but
for now this suffices.

Things to check:
- `chres 640 480` followed by `chres 640 480 2` followed by
  `chres 640 480`
- window buttons in window context menu (in task bar and on title bar)
  still have low-res icons
- ctrl-shift-super-i in high-res mode toggles sharpness of window
  buttons and of arrow cursorf
- arrow cursor hotspot is still where you'd expect

Documentation/HighDPI.md

@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ Resources such as icons, cursors, bitmap fonts are scale-dependent: In HighDPI m
 
 A 2x resource should look like a 1x resource, just with less jagged edges. A horizontal or vertical line that's 1 pixel wide in 1x should be 2 pixels wide in 2x.
 
-A good guideline for black-and-white images: start with a 1x bitmap, resize it to 200% using nearest-neighbor filtering, and then move black pixels around to smooth diagonal edges -- but the number of black pixels shouldn't change relative to the 200% nearest-neighbor-resampled image.
+A good guideline for black-and-white images: start with a 1x bitmap, resize it to 200% using nearest-neighbor filtering, and then move black pixels around to smooth diagonal edges -- but the number of black pixels shouldn't change relative to the 200% nearest-neighbor-resampled image. If that's not possible, err towards making the icon smaller instead of larger. A good technique is to use the Ctrl-Shift-Super-I shortcut in HighDPI mode to toggle between low-res and high-res icons in HighDPI mode.
 
 While a 1x 32x32 bitmap and a 2x 16x16 bitmap both have 32x32 pixels, they don't have to look the same: The 2x 16x16 should look exactly like the corresonding 1x 16x16, just with smoother edges. The 1x 32x32 pixel resource could instead pick a different crop. As a concrete example, the 1x 7x10 ladybug emoji image currently just has the ladybug's shell (for space reasons), and so should the 2x version of that emoji. On the other hand, if we add a higher-res 1x 14x20 ladybug emoji at some point, we might want show the ladybug's legs on it, instead of just a smoother rendition of just the shell. (The 2x version of that 14x20 emoji would then have legs and shell in less jagged.)
 
@@ -135,6 +135,8 @@ Android has additional modifiers in additon to scale factors in its resource sys
 
 In the end probably doesn't matter all that much which version to pick.
 
+For now, we're going with a "-2x" suffix on the file name.
+
 ### Resource loading strategy tradeoffs
 
 - eagerly load one scale, reload at new scale on scale factor change events
@@ -156,6 +158,8 @@ In the end probably doesn't matter all that much which version to pick.
   + puts (less) complexity in framework, app doesn't have to care
   + can transparently paint UI at both 1x and 2x into different backbuffers (eg for multiple screens that have different scale factors)
 
+This isn't figured out yet, for now we're doing the first approach in select places in the window server.
+
 ### Resource loading API
 
 Currently:
@@ -186,4 +190,4 @@ The plan is to have all applications use highdpi backbuffers eventually. It'll t
 4. Let apps opt in to high-res window framebuffers, and convert all apps one-by-one
 5. Remove high-res window framebuffer opt-in since all apps have it now.
 
-We're currently before point 3.
+We're currently in the middle of point 3. Some window server icons are high-resolution, but fonts aren't yet, and in-window-server things with their own backing store (eg menus) aren't yet either.

Userland/Libraries/LibGfx/Bitmap.cpp

@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@
  */
 
 #include <AK/Checked.h>
+#include <AK/LexicalPath.h>
 #include <AK/Memory.h>
 #include <AK/MemoryStream.h>
 #include <AK/Optional.h>
@@ -141,8 +142,33 @@ RefPtr<Bitmap> Bitmap::create_wrapper(BitmapFormat format, const IntSize& size,
     return adopt(*new Bitmap(format, size, scale_factor, pitch, data));
 }
 
-RefPtr<Bitmap> Bitmap::load_from_file(const StringView& path)
+RefPtr<Bitmap> Bitmap::load_from_file(const StringView& path, int scale_factor)
 {
+    if (scale_factor > 1 && path.starts_with("/res/")) {
+        LexicalPath lexical_path { path };
+        StringBuilder highdpi_icon_path;
+        highdpi_icon_path.append(lexical_path.dirname());
+        highdpi_icon_path.append("/");
+        highdpi_icon_path.append(lexical_path.title());
+        highdpi_icon_path.appendf("-%dx.", scale_factor);
+        highdpi_icon_path.append(lexical_path.extension());
+
+        RefPtr<Bitmap> bmp;
+#define __ENUMERATE_IMAGE_FORMAT(Name, Ext)                    \
+    if (path.ends_with(Ext, CaseSensitivity::CaseInsensitive)) \
+        bmp = load_##Name(highdpi_icon_path.to_string());
+        ENUMERATE_IMAGE_FORMATS
+#undef __ENUMERATE_IMAGE_FORMAT
+        if (bmp) {
+            ASSERT(bmp->width() % scale_factor == 0);
+            ASSERT(bmp->height() % scale_factor == 0);
+            bmp->m_size.set_width(bmp->width() / scale_factor);
+            bmp->m_size.set_height(bmp->height() / scale_factor);
+            bmp->m_scale = scale_factor;
+            return bmp;
+        }
+    }
+
 #define __ENUMERATE_IMAGE_FORMAT(Name, Ext)                    \
     if (path.ends_with(Ext, CaseSensitivity::CaseInsensitive)) \
         return load_##Name(path);

Userland/Libraries/LibGfx/Bitmap.h

@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ public:
     static RefPtr<Bitmap> create_shareable(BitmapFormat, const IntSize&, int intrinsic_scale = 1);
     static RefPtr<Bitmap> create_purgeable(BitmapFormat, const IntSize&, int intrinsic_scale = 1);
     static RefPtr<Bitmap> create_wrapper(BitmapFormat, const IntSize&, int intrinsic_scale, size_t pitch, void*);
-    static RefPtr<Bitmap> load_from_file(const StringView& path); // FIXME: scale factor
+    static RefPtr<Bitmap> load_from_file(const StringView& path, int scale_factor = 1);
     static RefPtr<Bitmap> create_with_anon_fd(BitmapFormat, int anon_fd, const IntSize&, int intrinsic_scale, const Vector<RGBA32>& palette, ShouldCloseAnonymousFile);
     static RefPtr<Bitmap> create_from_serialized_byte_buffer(ByteBuffer&& buffer);
     static bool is_path_a_supported_image_format(const StringView& path)

Userland/Services/WindowServer/Compositor.cpp

@@ -713,7 +713,10 @@ bool Compositor::set_resolution(int desired_width, int desired_height, int scale
         return false;
     }
 
+    int old_scale_factor = Screen::the().scale_factor();
     bool success = Screen::the().set_resolution(desired_width, desired_height, scale_factor);
+    if (success && old_scale_factor != scale_factor)
+        WindowManager::the().reload_icon_bitmaps_after_scale_change();
     init_bitmaps();
     invalidate_occlusions();
     compose();

Userland/Services/WindowServer/Cursor.cpp

@@ -46,7 +46,8 @@ CursorParams CursorParams::parse_from_file_name(const StringView& cursor_path, c
     auto params_str = file_title.substring_view(last_dot_in_title.value() + 1);
 
     CursorParams params(default_hotspot);
-    for (size_t i = 0; i + 1 < params_str.length();) {
+    bool in_display_scale_part = false;
+    for (size_t i = 0; i + 1 < params_str.length() && !in_display_scale_part;) {
         auto property = params_str[i++];
 
         auto value = [&]() -> Optional<size_t> {
@@ -88,6 +89,9 @@ CursorParams CursorParams::parse_from_file_name(const StringView& cursor_path, c
             else
                 dbgln("Cursor frame rate outside of valid range (100-1000ms)");
             break;
+        case '-':
+            in_display_scale_part = true;
+            break;
         default:
             dbg() << "Ignore unknown property '" << property << "' with value " << value.value() << " parsed from cursor path: " << cursor_path;
             return { default_hotspot };

Userland/Services/WindowServer/WindowFrame.cpp

@@ -57,6 +57,7 @@ static Gfx::Bitmap* s_restore_icon;
 static Gfx::Bitmap* s_close_icon;
 
 static String s_last_title_button_icons_path;
+static int s_last_title_button_icons_scale;
 
 WindowFrame::WindowFrame(Window& window)
     : m_window(window)
@@ -96,34 +97,35 @@ void WindowFrame::set_button_icons()
         return;
 
     String icons_path = WindowManager::the().palette().title_button_icons_path();
+    int icons_scale = WindowManager::the().compositor_icon_scale();
 
     StringBuilder full_path;
-    if (!s_minimize_icon || s_last_title_button_icons_path != icons_path) {
+    if (!s_minimize_icon || s_last_title_button_icons_path != icons_path || s_last_title_button_icons_scale != icons_scale) {
         full_path.append(icons_path);
         full_path.append("window-minimize.png");
-        if (!(s_minimize_icon = Gfx::Bitmap::load_from_file(full_path.to_string()).leak_ref()))
-            s_minimize_icon = Gfx::Bitmap::load_from_file("/res/icons/16x16/downward-triangle.png").leak_ref();
+        if (!(s_minimize_icon = Gfx::Bitmap::load_from_file(full_path.to_string(), icons_scale).leak_ref()))
+            s_minimize_icon = Gfx::Bitmap::load_from_file("/res/icons/16x16/downward-triangle.png", icons_scale).leak_ref();
         full_path.clear();
     }
-    if (!s_maximize_icon || s_last_title_button_icons_path != icons_path) {
+    if (!s_maximize_icon || s_last_title_button_icons_path != icons_path || s_last_title_button_icons_scale != icons_scale) {
         full_path.append(icons_path);
         full_path.append("window-maximize.png");
-        if (!(s_maximize_icon = Gfx::Bitmap::load_from_file(full_path.to_string()).leak_ref()))
-            s_maximize_icon = Gfx::Bitmap::load_from_file("/res/icons/16x16/upward-triangle.png").leak_ref();
+        if (!(s_maximize_icon = Gfx::Bitmap::load_from_file(full_path.to_string(), icons_scale).leak_ref()))
+            s_maximize_icon = Gfx::Bitmap::load_from_file("/res/icons/16x16/upward-triangle.png", icons_scale).leak_ref();
         full_path.clear();
     }
-    if (!s_restore_icon || s_last_title_button_icons_path != icons_path) {
+    if (!s_restore_icon || s_last_title_button_icons_path != icons_path || s_last_title_button_icons_scale != icons_scale) {
         full_path.append(icons_path);
         full_path.append("window-restore.png");
-        if (!(s_restore_icon = Gfx::Bitmap::load_from_file(full_path.to_string()).leak_ref()))
-            s_restore_icon = Gfx::Bitmap::load_from_file("/res/icons/16x16/window-restore.png").leak_ref();
+        if (!(s_restore_icon = Gfx::Bitmap::load_from_file(full_path.to_string(), icons_scale).leak_ref()))
+            s_restore_icon = Gfx::Bitmap::load_from_file("/res/icons/16x16/window-restore.png", icons_scale).leak_ref();
         full_path.clear();
     }
-    if (!s_close_icon || s_last_title_button_icons_path != icons_path) {
+    if (!s_close_icon || s_last_title_button_icons_path != icons_path || s_last_title_button_icons_scale != icons_scale) {
         full_path.append(icons_path);
         full_path.append("window-close.png");
-        if (!(s_close_icon = Gfx::Bitmap::load_from_file(full_path.to_string()).leak_ref()))
-            s_close_icon = Gfx::Bitmap::load_from_file("/res/icons/16x16/window-close.png").leak_ref();
+        if (!(s_close_icon = Gfx::Bitmap::load_from_file(full_path.to_string(), icons_scale).leak_ref()))
+            s_close_icon = Gfx::Bitmap::load_from_file("/res/icons/16x16/window-close.png", icons_scale).leak_ref();
         full_path.clear();
     }
 
@@ -134,6 +136,7 @@ void WindowFrame::set_button_icons()
         m_maximize_button->set_icon(m_window.is_maximized() ? *s_restore_icon : *s_maximize_icon);
 
     s_last_title_button_icons_path = icons_path;
+    s_last_title_button_icons_scale = icons_scale;
 }
 
 void WindowFrame::did_set_maximized(Badge<Window>, bool maximized)

Userland/Services/WindowServer/WindowManager.cpp

@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@
 #include <AK/LogStream.h>
 #include <AK/StdLibExtras.h>
 #include <AK/Vector.h>
+#include <LibGfx/Bitmap.h>
 #include <LibGfx/CharacterBitmap.h>
 #include <LibGfx/Font.h>
 #include <LibGfx/Painter.h>
@@ -84,7 +85,7 @@ NonnullRefPtr<Cursor> WindowManager::get_cursor(const String& name)
 {
     static const auto s_default_cursor_path = "/res/cursors/arrow.x2y2.png";
     auto path = m_config->read_entry("Cursor", name, s_default_cursor_path);
-    auto gb = Gfx::Bitmap::load_from_file(path);
+    auto gb = Gfx::Bitmap::load_from_file(path, compositor_icon_scale());
     if (gb)
         return Cursor::create(*gb, path);
     return Cursor::create(*Gfx::Bitmap::load_from_file(s_default_cursor_path), s_default_cursor_path);
@@ -1092,6 +1093,12 @@ void WindowManager::event(Core::Event& event)
             return;
         }
 
+        if (key_event.type() == Event::KeyDown && (key_event.modifiers() == (Mod_Ctrl | Mod_Logo | Mod_Shift) && key_event.key() == Key_I)) {
+            reload_icon_bitmaps_after_scale_change(!m_allow_hidpi_icons);
+            Compositor::the().invalidate_screen();
+            return;
+        }
+
         if (MenuManager::the().current_menu()) {
             MenuManager::the().dispatch_event(event);
             return;
@@ -1486,4 +1493,21 @@ Gfx::IntPoint WindowManager::get_recommended_window_position(const Gfx::IntPoint
 
     return point;
 }
+
+int WindowManager::compositor_icon_scale() const
+{
+    if (!m_allow_hidpi_icons)
+        return 1;
+    return scale_factor();
+}
+
+void WindowManager::reload_icon_bitmaps_after_scale_change(bool allow_hidpi_icons)
+{
+    m_allow_hidpi_icons = allow_hidpi_icons;
+    reload_config();
+    for_each_window([&](Window& window) {
+        window.frame().set_button_icons();
+        return IterationDecision::Continue;
+    });
+}
 }

Userland/Services/WindowServer/WindowManager.h

@@ -230,6 +230,9 @@ public:
 
     Gfx::IntPoint get_recommended_window_position(const Gfx::IntPoint& desired);
 
+    int compositor_icon_scale() const;
+    void reload_icon_bitmaps_after_scale_change(bool allow_hidpi_icons = true);
+
 private:
     NonnullRefPtr<Cursor> get_cursor(const String& name);
 
@@ -263,6 +266,7 @@ private:
 
     void do_move_to_front(Window&, bool, bool);
 
+    bool m_allow_hidpi_icons { true };
     RefPtr<Cursor> m_hidden_cursor;
     RefPtr<Cursor> m_arrow_cursor;
     RefPtr<Cursor> m_hand_cursor;