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32 lines
1.3 KiB
C++
32 lines
1.3 KiB
C++
/*
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* Copyright (c) 2021, the SerenityOS developers.
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*
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* SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause
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*/
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#include <AK/Random.h>
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namespace AK {
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u32 get_random_uniform(u32 max_bounds)
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{
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// If we try to divide all 2**32 numbers into groups of "max_bounds" numbers, we may end up
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// with a group around 2**32-1 that is a bit too small. For this reason, the implementation
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// `arc4random() % max_bounds` would be insufficient. Here we compute the last number of the
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// last "full group". Note that if max_bounds is a divisor of UINT32_MAX,
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// then we end up with UINT32_MAX:
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const u32 max_usable = UINT32_MAX - (static_cast<u64>(UINT32_MAX) + 1) % max_bounds;
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auto random_value = get_random<u32>();
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for (int i = 0; i < 20 && random_value > max_usable; ++i) {
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// By chance we picked a value from the incomplete group. Note that this group has size at
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// most 2**31-1, so picking this group has a chance of less than 50%.
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// In practice, this means that for the worst possible input, there is still only a
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// once-in-a-million chance to get to iteration 20. In theory we should be able to loop
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// forever. Here we prefer marginally imperfect random numbers over weird runtime behavior.
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random_value = get_random<u32>();
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}
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return random_value % max_bounds;
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}
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}
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