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398 lines
11 KiB
Groff
398 lines
11 KiB
Groff
.TH hurl 1 "24 Jan 2023" "hurl 2.0.0-SNAPSHOT" " Hurl Manual"
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.SH NAME
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hurl - run and test HTTP requests.
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.SH SYNOPSIS
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.B hurl
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[options] [FILE...]
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.SH DESCRIPTION
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.B Hurl
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is a command line tool that runs HTTP requests defined in a simple plain text format.
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It can chain requests, capture values and evaluate queries on headers and body response. Hurl is very versatile, it can be used for fetching data and testing HTTP sessions: HTML content, REST / SOAP / GraphQL APIs, or any other XML / JSON based APIs.
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$ hurl session.hurl
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If no input files are specified, input is read from stdin.
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$ echo GET http://httpbin.org/get | hurl
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{
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"args": {},
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"headers": {
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"Accept": "*/*",
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"Accept-Encoding": "gzip",
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"Content-Length": "0",
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"Host": "httpbin.org",
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"User-Agent": "hurl/0.99.10",
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"X-Amzn-Trace-Id": "Root=1-5eedf4c7-520814d64e2f9249ea44e0"
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},
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"origin": "1.2.3.4",
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"url": "http://httpbin.org/get"
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}
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Output goes to stdout by default. To have output go to a file, use the \fI-o, --output\fP option:
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$ hurl -o output input.hurl
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By default, Hurl executes all HTTP requests and outputs the response body of the last HTTP call.
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To have a test oriented output, you can use \fI--test\fP option:
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$ hurl --test *.hurl
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.SH HURL FILE FORMAT
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The Hurl file format is fully documented in \fIhttps://hurl.dev/docs/hurl-file.html\fP
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It consists of one or several HTTP requests
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GET http:/example.org/endpoint1
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GET http:/example.org/endpoint2
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.IP "Capturing values"
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A value from an HTTP response can be-reused for successive HTTP requests.
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A typical example occurs with CSRF tokens.
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GET https://example.org
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HTTP 200
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# Capture the CSRF token value from html body.
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[Captures]
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csrf_token: xpath "normalize-space(//meta[@name='_csrf_token']/@content)"
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# Do the login !
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POST https://example.org/login?user=toto&password=1234
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X-CSRF-TOKEN: {{csrf_token}}
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More information on captures can be found here \fIhttps://hurl.dev/docs/capturing-response.html\fP
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.IP "Asserts"
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The HTTP response defined in the Hurl file are used to make asserts. Responses are optional.
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At the minimum, response includes assert on the HTTP status code.
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GET http:/example.org
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HTTP 301
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It can also include asserts on the response headers
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GET http:/example.org
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HTTP 301
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Location: http://www.example.org
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Explicit asserts can be included by combining a query and a predicate
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GET http:/example.org
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HTTP 301
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[Asserts]
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xpath "string(//title)" == "301 Moved"
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With the addition of asserts, Hurl can be used as a testing tool to run scenarios.
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More information on asserts can be found here \fIhttps://hurl.dev/docs/asserting-response.html\fP
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.SH OPTIONS
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Options that exist in curl have exactly the same semantics.
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Options specified on the command line are defined for every Hurl file's entry.
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For instance:
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$ hurl --location foo.hurl
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will follow redirection for each entry in `foo.hurl`. You can also define an option only for a particular entry with an `[Options]` section. For instance, this Hurl file:
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GET https://example.org
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HTTP 301
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GET https://example.org
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[Options]
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location: true
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HTTP 200
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will follow a redirection only for the second entry.
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.IP "--cacert <FILE> "
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Specifies the certificate file for peer verification. The file may contain multiple CA certificates and must be in PEM format.
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Normally Hurl is built to use a default file for this, so this option is typically used to alter that default file.
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.IP "-E, --cert <CERTIFICATE[:PASSWORD]> "
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Client certificate file and password.
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See also \fI--key\fP.
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.IP "--color "
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Colorize Output.
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.IP "--compressed "
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Request a compressed response using one of the algorithms br, gzip, deflate and automatically decompress the content.
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.IP "--connect-timeout <SECONDS> "
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Maximum time in seconds that you allow Hurl's connection to take.
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See also \fI-m, --max-time\fP.
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.IP "--connect-to <HOST1:PORT1:HOST2:PORT2> "
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For a request to the given HOST1:PORT1 pair, connect to HOST2:PORT2 instead. This option can be used several times in a command line.
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See also \fI--resolve\fP.
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.IP "-b, --cookie <FILE> "
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Read cookies from FILE (using the Netscape cookie file format).
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Combined with \fI-c, --cookie-jar\fP, you can simulate a cookie storage between successive Hurl runs.
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.IP "-c, --cookie-jar <FILE> "
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Write cookies to FILE after running the session (only for one session).
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The file will be written using the Netscape cookie file format.
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Combined with \fI-b, --cookie\fP, you can simulate a cookie storage between successive Hurl runs.
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.IP "--fail-at-end "
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Continue executing requests to the end of the Hurl file even when an assert error occurs.
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By default, Hurl exits after an assert error in the HTTP response.
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Note that this option does not affect the behavior with multiple input Hurl files.
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All the input files are executed independently. The result of one file does not affect the execution of the other Hurl files.
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.IP "--file-root <DIR> "
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Set root file system to import files in Hurl. This is used for both files in multipart form data and request body.
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When this is not explicitly defined, the files are relative to the current directory in which Hurl is running.
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.IP "-L, --location "
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Follow redirect. To limit the amount of redirects to follow use the \fI--max-redirs\fP option
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.IP "--glob <GLOB> "
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Specify input files that match the given glob pattern.
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Multiple glob flags may be used. This flag supports common Unix glob patterns like *, ? and [].
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However, to avoid your shell accidentally expanding glob patterns before Hurl handles them, you must use single quotes or double quotes around each pattern.
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.IP "-i, --include "
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Include the HTTP headers in the output (last entry).
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.IP "--ignore-asserts "
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Ignore all asserts defined in the Hurl file.
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.IP "-k, --insecure "
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This option explicitly allows Hurl to perform "insecure" SSL connections and transfers.
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.IP "--interactive "
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Stop between requests.
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This is similar to a break point, You can then continue (Press C) or quit (Press Q).
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.IP "--json "
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Output each hurl file result to JSON. The format is very closed to HAR format.
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.IP "--key <KEY> "
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Private key file name.
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.IP "--max-redirs <NUM> "
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Set maximum number of redirection-followings allowed
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By default, the limit is set to 50 redirections. Set this option to -1 to make it unlimited.
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.IP "-m, --max-time <SECONDS> "
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Maximum time in seconds that you allow a request/response to take. This is the standard timeout.
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See also \fI--connect-timeout\fP.
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.IP "--no-color "
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Do not colorize output.
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.IP "--no-output "
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Suppress output. By default, Hurl outputs the body of the last response.
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.IP "--noproxy <HOST(S)> "
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Comma-separated list of hosts which do not use a proxy.
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Override value from Environment variable no_proxy.
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.IP "-o, --output <FILE> "
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Write output to FILE instead of stdout.
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.IP "-x, --proxy <[PROTOCOL://]HOST[:PORT]> "
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Use the specified proxy.
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.IP "--report-junit <FILE> "
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Generate JUnit File.
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If the FILE report already exists, it will be updated with the new test results.
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.IP "--report-html <DIR> "
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Generate HTML report in DIR.
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If the HTML report already exists, it will be updated with the new test results.
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.IP "--resolve <HOST:PORT:ADDR> <HOST:PORT:ADDR>"
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Provide a custom address for a specific host and port pair. Using this, you can make the Hurl requests(s) use a specified address and prevent the otherwise normally resolved address to be used. Consider it a sort of /etc/hosts alternative provided on the command line.
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.IP "--retry "
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Retry requests if any error occurs (asserts, captures, runtimes etc...).
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.IP "--retry-interval <MILLISECONDS> "
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Duration in milliseconds between each retry. Default is 1000 ms.
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.IP "--retry-max-count <NUM> "
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Maximum number of retries. Set this option to -1 to make it unlimited. Default is 10.
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.IP "--ssl-no-revoke "
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(Windows) This option tells Hurl to disable certificate revocation checks. WARNING: this option loosens the SSL security, and by using this flag you ask for exactly that.
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.IP "--test "
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Activate test mode: with this, the HTTP response is not outputted anymore, progress is reported for each Hurl file tested, and a text summary is displayed when all files have been run.
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.IP "--to-entry <ENTRY_NUMBER> "
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Execute Hurl file to ENTRY_NUMBER (starting at 1).
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Ignore the remaining of the file. It is useful for debugging a session.
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.IP "-u, --user <USER:PASSWORD> "
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Add basic Authentication header to each request.
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.IP "-A, --user-agent <NAME> "
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Specify the User-Agent string to send to the HTTP server.
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.IP "--variable <NAME=VALUE> "
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Define variable (name/value) to be used in Hurl templates.
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.IP "--variables-file <FILE> "
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Set properties file in which your define your variables.
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Each variable is defined as name=value exactly as with \fI--variable\fP option.
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Note that defining a variable twice produces an error.
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.IP "-v, --verbose "
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Turn on verbose output on standard error stream.
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Useful for debugging.
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A line starting with '>' means data sent by Hurl.
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A line staring with '<' means data received by Hurl.
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A line starting with '*' means additional info provided by Hurl.
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If you only want HTTP headers in the output, \fI-i, --include\fP might be the option you're looking for.
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.IP "--very-verbose "
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Turn on more verbose output on standard error stream.
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In contrast to \fI--verbose\fP option, this option outputs the full HTTP body request and response on standard error. In addition, lines starting with '**' are libcurl debug logs.
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.IP "-h, --help "
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Usage help. This lists all current command line options with a short description.
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.IP "-V, --version "
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Prints version information
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.SH ENVIRONMENT
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Environment variables can only be specified in lowercase.
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Using an environment variable to set the proxy has the same effect as using the \fI-x, --proxy\fP option.
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.IP "http_proxy [protocol://]<host>[:port]"
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Sets the proxy server to use for HTTP.
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.IP "https_proxy [protocol://]<host>[:port]"
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Sets the proxy server to use for HTTPS.
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.IP "all_proxy [protocol://]<host>[:port]"
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Sets the proxy server to use if no protocol-specific proxy is set.
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.IP "no_proxy <comma-separated list of hosts>"
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List of host names that shouldn't go through any proxy.
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.IP "HURL_name value"
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Define variable (name/value) to be used in Hurl templates. This is similar than \fI--variable\fP and \fI--variables-file\fP options.
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.IP "NO_COLOR"
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When set to a non-empty string, do not colorize output (see \fI--no-color\fP option).
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.SH EXIT CODES
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.IP "1"
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Failed to parse command-line options.
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.IP "2"
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Input File Parsing Error.
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.IP "3"
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Runtime error (such as failure to connect to host).
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.IP "4"
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Assert Error.
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.SH WWW
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\fIhttps://hurl.dev\fP
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.SH SEE ALSO
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curl(1) hurlfmt(1)
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