diff --git a/compiler/passes/src/symbol_table/create.rs b/compiler/passes/src/symbol_table/create.rs
index aaa85c5e26..059878badd 100644
--- a/compiler/passes/src/symbol_table/create.rs
+++ b/compiler/passes/src/symbol_table/create.rs
@@ -20,20 +20,17 @@ use leo_errors::emitter::Handler;
 use crate::SymbolTable;
 
 pub struct CreateSymbolTable<'a> {
-    symbol_table: SymbolTable<'a>,
+    pub(crate) symbol_table: SymbolTable,
     handler: &'a Handler,
 }
 
 impl<'a> CreateSymbolTable<'a> {
     pub fn new(handler: &'a Handler) -> Self {
         Self {
-            symbol_table: SymbolTable::default(),
+            symbol_table: Default::default(),
             handler,
         }
     }
-    pub fn symbol_table(self) -> SymbolTable<'a> {
-        self.symbol_table
-    }
 }
 
 impl<'a> ExpressionVisitor<'a> for CreateSymbolTable<'a> {
diff --git a/compiler/passes/src/symbol_table/function_symbol.rs b/compiler/passes/src/symbol_table/function_symbol.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7123adf53e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compiler/passes/src/symbol_table/function_symbol.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+// Copyright (C) 2019-2022 Aleo Systems Inc.
+// This file is part of the Leo library.
+
+// The Leo library is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+
+// The Leo library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// along with the Leo library. If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+use leo_ast::{Function, FunctionInput, Type};
+use leo_span::Span;
+
+use crate::SymbolTable;
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
+pub struct FunctionSymbol {
+    pub(crate) id: usize,
+    pub(crate) type_: Type,
+    pub(crate) span: Span,
+    pub(crate) input: Vec<FunctionInput>,
+}
+
+impl SymbolTable {
+    pub(crate) fn new_function_symbol(id: usize, func: &Function) -> FunctionSymbol {
+        FunctionSymbol {
+            id,
+            type_: func.output,
+            span: func.span,
+            input: func.input.clone(),
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/compiler/passes/src/symbol_table/mod.rs b/compiler/passes/src/symbol_table/mod.rs
index 67f5727b74..7e3f793e38 100644
--- a/compiler/passes/src/symbol_table/mod.rs
+++ b/compiler/passes/src/symbol_table/mod.rs
@@ -17,12 +17,12 @@
 pub mod create;
 pub use create::*;
 
+pub mod function_symbol;
+pub use function_symbol::*;
+
 pub mod table;
 pub use table::*;
 
-pub mod variable_scope;
-pub use variable_scope::*;
-
 pub mod variable_symbol;
 pub use variable_symbol::*;
 
@@ -33,13 +33,13 @@ use leo_errors::{emitter::Handler, Result};
 
 impl<'a> Pass for CreateSymbolTable<'a> {
     type Input = (&'a Ast, &'a Handler);
-    type Output = Result<SymbolTable<'a>>;
+    type Output = Result<SymbolTable>;
 
     fn do_pass((ast, handler): Self::Input) -> Self::Output {
         let mut visitor = CreateSymbolTable::new(handler);
         visitor.visit_program(ast.as_repr());
         handler.last_err()?;
 
-        Ok(visitor.symbol_table())
+        Ok(visitor.symbol_table)
     }
 }
diff --git a/compiler/passes/src/symbol_table/table.rs b/compiler/passes/src/symbol_table/table.rs
index 52a1c9cd7a..954923f79f 100644
--- a/compiler/passes/src/symbol_table/table.rs
+++ b/compiler/passes/src/symbol_table/table.rs
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
 // You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 // along with the Leo library. If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 
-use std::fmt::Display;
+use std::cell::RefCell;
 
 use leo_ast::{Circuit, Function};
 use leo_errors::{AstError, Result};
@@ -22,100 +22,207 @@ use leo_span::{Span, Symbol};
 
 use indexmap::IndexMap;
 
-use crate::{VariableScope, VariableSymbol};
+use crate::{Declaration, FunctionSymbol, Value, VariableSymbol};
 
-#[derive(Clone, Debug, Default, Eq, PartialEq)]
-pub struct SymbolTable<'a> {
-    /// Maps function names to function definitions.
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, Default)]
+pub struct SymbolTable {
+    /// The parent scope if it exists.
+    /// For example if we are in a if block inside a function.
+    pub(crate) parent: Option<Box<SymbolTable>>,
+    /// Functions represents the name of each function mapped to the Ast's function definition.
     /// This field is populated at a first pass.
-    functions: IndexMap<Symbol, &'a Function>,
+    pub functions: IndexMap<Symbol, FunctionSymbol>,
     /// Maps circuit names to circuit definitions.
     /// This field is populated at a first pass.
-    circuits: IndexMap<Symbol, &'a Circuit>,
-    /// Variables represents functions variable definitions and input variables.
-    /// This field is not populated till necessary.
-    pub(crate) variables: VariableScope<'a>,
+    pub circuits: IndexMap<Symbol, Circuit>,
+    /// The variables defined in a scope.
+    /// This field is populated as necessary.
+    pub(crate) variables: IndexMap<Symbol, VariableSymbol>,
+    /// The index of the current scope
+    pub(crate) scope_index: usize,
+    /// If the block will always be executed when the parent block is executed
+    pub(crate) is_locally_non_const: bool,
+    /// The subscopes of this scope
+    pub(crate) scopes: Vec<RefCell<SymbolTable>>,
 }
 
-impl<'a> SymbolTable<'a> {
+impl SymbolTable {
     pub fn check_shadowing(&self, symbol: Symbol, span: Span) -> Result<()> {
-        if self.functions.contains_key(&symbol) {
+        if self.variables.contains_key(&symbol) {
+            Err(AstError::shadowed_variable(symbol, span).into())
+        } else if self.functions.contains_key(&symbol) {
             Err(AstError::shadowed_function(symbol, span).into())
+        } else if let Some(existing) = self.circuits.get(&symbol) {
+            match existing.is_record {
+                true => Err(AstError::shadowed_record(symbol, insert.span).into()),
+                false => Err(AstError::shadowed_circuit(symbol, span).into())
+            }
+        } else if let Some(parent) = self.parent.as_ref() {
+            parent.check_shadowing(symbol, span)
         } else {
-            self.variables.check_shadowing(symbol, span)?;
             Ok(())
         }
     }
 
-    pub fn clear_variables(&mut self) {
-        self.variables.clear();
+    pub fn scope_index(&mut self) -> usize {
+        let index = self.scope_index;
+        self.scope_index += 1;
+        index
     }
 
-    pub fn insert_fn(&mut self, symbol: Symbol, insert: &'a Function) -> Result<()> {
+    pub fn insert_fn(&mut self, symbol: Symbol, insert: &Function) -> Result<()> {
         self.check_shadowing(symbol, insert.span)?;
-        self.functions.insert(symbol, insert);
+        let id = self.scope_index();
+        self.functions.insert(symbol, Self::new_function_symbol(id, insert));
+        self.scopes.push(Default::default());
         Ok(())
     }
 
-    pub fn insert_circuit(&mut self, symbol: Symbol, insert: &'a Circuit) -> Result<()> {
-        if let Some(existing) = self.circuits.get(&symbol) {
-            // Error if the circuit or record already exists.
-            let err = if existing.is_record {
-                AstError::shadowed_record(symbol, insert.span).into()
+    pub fn insert_circuit(&mut self, symbol: Symbol, insert: &Circuit) -> Result<()> {
+        self.check_shadowing(symbol, insert.span)?;
+        self.circuits.insert(symbol, insert.clone());
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    pub fn insert_variable(&mut self, symbol: Symbol, insert: VariableSymbol) -> Result<()> {
+        self.check_shadowing(symbol, insert.span)?;
+        self.variables.insert(symbol, insert);
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    pub fn insert_block(&mut self, is_locally_non_const: bool) -> usize {
+        self.scopes.push(RefCell::new(SymbolTable {
+            is_locally_non_const,
+            ..Default::default()
+        }));
+        self.scope_index()
+    }
+
+    pub fn lookup_fn(&self, symbol: &Symbol) -> Option<&FunctionSymbol> {
+        if let Some(func) = self.functions.get(symbol) {
+            Some(func)
+        } else if let Some(parent) = self.parent.as_ref() {
+            parent.lookup_fn(symbol)
+        } else {
+            None
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn lookup_circuit(&self, symbol: &Symbol) -> Option<&Circuit> {
+        if let Some(circ) = self.circuits.get(symbol) {
+            Some(circ)
+        } else if let Some(parent) = self.parent.as_ref() {
+            parent.lookup_circuit(symbol)
+        } else {
+            None
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn lookup_variable(&self, symbol: &Symbol) -> Option<&VariableSymbol> {
+        if let Some(var) = self.variables.get(symbol) {
+            Some(var)
+        } else if let Some(parent) = self.parent.as_ref() {
+            parent.lookup_variable(symbol)
+        } else {
+            None
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Returns true if the variable exists in the local scope
+    pub fn variable_in_local_scope(&self, symbol: &Symbol) -> bool {
+        self.variables.contains_key(symbol)
+    }
+
+    /// Returns true if the variable exists in any parent scope
+    pub fn variable_in_parent_scope(&self, symbol: &Symbol) -> bool {
+        if let Some(parent) = self.parent.as_ref() {
+            if parent.variables.contains_key(symbol) {
+                true
             } else {
-                AstError::shadowed_circuit(symbol, insert.span).into()
+                parent.variable_in_parent_scope(symbol)
+            }
+        } else {
+            false
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn lookup_variable_mut(&mut self, symbol: &Symbol) -> Option<&mut VariableSymbol> {
+        if let Some(var) = self.variables.get_mut(symbol) {
+            Some(var)
+        } else if let Some(parent) = self.parent.as_mut() {
+            parent.lookup_variable_mut(symbol)
+        } else {
+            None
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Finds the variable in the parent scope, then SHADOWS it in most recent non-const scope with a mut const value.
+    /// returns a boolean for if the variable should be slated for deconstification
+    pub fn locally_constify_variable(&mut self, symbol: Symbol, value: Value) -> bool {
+        let mut var = self
+            .lookup_variable(&symbol)
+            .unwrap_or_else(|| panic!("attempting to constify non-existent variable `{symbol}`"))
+            .clone();
+        var.declaration = Declaration::Mut(Some(value));
+
+        let mut st = self;
+        loop {
+            let is_in_parent = st.variable_in_parent_scope(&symbol);
+            let is_in_local = st.variable_in_local_scope(&symbol);
+            if is_in_local && is_in_parent {
+                st.variables.insert(symbol, var.clone());
+            } else if st.is_locally_non_const && !is_in_parent {
+                st.variables.insert(symbol, var);
+                break false;
+            } else if st.is_locally_non_const && is_in_parent {
+                st.variables.insert(symbol, var);
+                break true;
+            }
+
+            if !st.is_locally_non_const && st.parent.is_some() && is_in_parent {
+                st = st.parent.as_mut().unwrap()
+            } else {
+                break true;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn set_variable(&mut self, symbol: &Symbol, value: Value) -> bool {
+        if let Some(var) = self.variables.get_mut(symbol) {
+            var.declaration = match &var.declaration {
+                Declaration::Const(_) => Declaration::Const(Some(value)),
+                Declaration::Mut(_) => Declaration::Mut(Some(value)),
+                other => other.clone(),
             };
-            return Err(err);
+            true
+        } else if let Some(parent) = &mut self.parent {
+            parent.set_variable(symbol, value)
+        } else {
+            false
         }
-        self.circuits.insert(symbol, insert);
-        Ok(())
     }
 
-    pub fn insert_variable(&mut self, symbol: Symbol, insert: VariableSymbol<'a>) -> Result<()> {
-        self.check_shadowing(symbol, insert.span)?;
-        self.variables.variables.insert(symbol, insert);
-        Ok(())
+    /// Finds all previous occurrences of the variable and replaces it with a non-const mutable value
+    pub fn deconstify_variable(&mut self, symbol: &Symbol) {
+        if let Some(var) = self.variables.get_mut(symbol) {
+            var.declaration = Declaration::Mut(None);
+        }
+        if let Some(parent) = &mut self.parent {
+            parent.deconstify_variable(symbol)
+        }
     }
 
-    pub fn lookup_fn(&self, symbol: Symbol) -> Option<&&'a Function> {
-        self.functions.get(&symbol)
+    pub fn get_fn_scope(&self, symbol: &Symbol) -> Option<&RefCell<Self>> {
+        if let Some(func) = self.functions.get(symbol) {
+            self.scopes.get(func.id)
+        } else if let Some(parent) = self.parent.as_ref() {
+            parent.get_fn_scope(symbol)
+        } else {
+            None
+        }
     }
 
-    pub fn lookup_circuit(&self, symbol: &Symbol) -> Option<&&'a Circuit> {
-        self.circuits.get(symbol)
-    }
-
-    pub fn lookup_variable(&self, symbol: &Symbol) -> Option<&VariableSymbol<'a>> {
-        self.variables.lookup_variable(symbol)
-    }
-
-    pub fn push_variable_scope(&mut self) {
-        let current_scope = self.variables.clone();
-        self.variables = VariableScope {
-            parent: Some(Box::new(current_scope)),
-            variables: Default::default(),
-        };
-    }
-
-    pub fn pop_variable_scope(&mut self) {
-        let parent = self.variables.parent.clone().unwrap();
-
-        self.variables = *parent;
-    }
-}
-
-impl Display for SymbolTable<'_> {
-    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
-        write!(f, "SymbolTable")?;
-
-        for func in self.functions.values() {
-            write!(f, "{func}")?;
-        }
-
-        for circ in self.circuits.values() {
-            write!(f, "{circ}")?;
-        }
-
-        write!(f, "{}", self.variables)
+    pub fn get_block_scope(&self, index: usize) -> Option<&RefCell<Self>> {
+        self.scopes.get(index)
     }
 }
diff --git a/compiler/passes/src/symbol_table/variable_scope.rs b/compiler/passes/src/symbol_table/variable_scope.rs
deleted file mode 100644
index 4c8ca8b93f..0000000000
--- a/compiler/passes/src/symbol_table/variable_scope.rs
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,78 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright (C) 2019-2022 Aleo Systems Inc.
-// This file is part of the Leo library.
-
-// The Leo library is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-// (at your option) any later version.
-
-// The Leo library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
-// GNU General Public License for more details.
-
-// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-// along with the Leo library. If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-
-use std::fmt::Display;
-
-use indexmap::IndexMap;
-use leo_errors::{AstError, Result};
-use leo_span::{Span, Symbol};
-
-use crate::VariableSymbol;
-
-#[derive(Clone, Debug, Default, Eq, PartialEq)]
-pub struct VariableScope<'a> {
-    /// The parent scope of variables if it exists.
-    /// For example if we are in a if block inside a function.
-    /// The parent would be the functions variables and inputs.
-    /// This field is populated as necessary.
-    pub(crate) parent: Option<Box<VariableScope<'a>>>,
-    /// The variables defined in a scope.
-    /// This field is populated as necessary.
-    pub(crate) variables: IndexMap<Symbol, VariableSymbol<'a>>,
-}
-
-impl<'a> VariableScope<'a> {
-    pub fn check_shadowing(&self, symbol: Symbol, span: Span) -> Result<()> {
-        if self.variables.contains_key(&symbol) {
-            Err(AstError::shadowed_variable(symbol, span).into())
-        } else if let Some(parent) = &self.parent {
-            parent.check_shadowing(symbol, span)
-        } else {
-            Ok(())
-        }
-    }
-
-    pub fn clear(&mut self) {
-        self.parent = None;
-        self.variables.clear();
-    }
-
-    pub fn lookup_variable(&self, symbol: &Symbol) -> Option<&VariableSymbol<'a>> {
-        if let Some(var) = self.variables.get(symbol) {
-            Some(var)
-        } else if let Some(parent) = &self.parent {
-            parent.lookup_variable(symbol)
-        } else {
-            None
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-impl<'a> Display for VariableScope<'a> {
-    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
-        write!(f, "VariableScope")?;
-        self.parent
-            .as_ref()
-            .map(|parent| write!(f, "parent {parent}"))
-            .transpose()?;
-
-        for (sym, var) in self.variables.iter() {
-            write!(f, "{sym} {var}")?;
-        }
-
-        Ok(())
-    }
-}
diff --git a/compiler/passes/src/symbol_table/variable_symbol.rs b/compiler/passes/src/symbol_table/variable_symbol.rs
index c96aaffecb..28812022c4 100644
--- a/compiler/passes/src/symbol_table/variable_symbol.rs
+++ b/compiler/passes/src/symbol_table/variable_symbol.rs
@@ -14,40 +14,61 @@
 // You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 // along with the Leo library. If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 
-use std::fmt::Display;
-
-use leo_ast::{ParamMode, Type};
+use leo_ast::{Identifier, ParamMode, Type};
+use leo_errors::Result;
 use leo_span::Span;
 
+use crate::Value;
+
 #[derive(Clone, Debug, Eq, PartialEq)]
 pub enum Declaration {
-    Const,
-    Input(ParamMode),
-    Mut,
+    Const(Option<Value>),
+    Input(Type, ParamMode),
+    Mut(Option<Value>),
 }
 
-impl Display for Declaration {
-    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
+impl Declaration {
+    pub fn get_as_u128(&self) -> Result<Option<u128>> {
         use Declaration::*;
 
         match self {
-            Const => write!(f, "const var"),
-            Input(m) => write!(f, "{m} input"),
-            Mut => write!(f, "mut var"),
+            Const(Some(value)) => Ok(Some(value.try_into()?)),
+            Input(_, _) => Ok(None),
+            _ => Ok(None),
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn get_type(&self) -> Option<Type> {
+        use Declaration::*;
+
+        match self {
+            Const(Some(value)) => Some(value.into()),
+            Input(type_, _) => Some(*type_),
+            _ => None,
         }
     }
 }
 
-#[derive(Clone, Debug, Eq, PartialEq)]
-pub struct VariableSymbol<'a> {
-    pub type_: &'a Type,
+impl AsRef<Self> for Declaration {
+    fn as_ref(&self) -> &Self {
+        self
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
+pub struct VariableSymbol {
+    pub type_: Type,
     pub span: Span,
     pub declaration: Declaration,
 }
 
-impl<'a> Display for VariableSymbol<'a> {
-    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
-        write!(f, "{}: {}", self.declaration, self.type_)?;
-        Ok(())
+impl VariableSymbol {
+    pub fn get_const_value(&self, ident: Identifier) -> Option<Value> {
+        use Declaration::*;
+        match &self.declaration {
+            Const(Some(v)) | Mut(Some(v)) => Some(v.clone()),
+            Input(type_, ParamMode::Const) => Some(Value::Input(*type_, ident)),
+            _ => None,
+        }
     }
 }