add circuit type to ast

compiler/ast/src/access/member_access.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+// Copyright (C) 2019-2022 Aleo Systems Inc.
+// This file is part of the Leo library.
+
+// The Leo library is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+
+// The Leo library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// along with the Leo library. If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+use crate::{Expression, Identifier};
+use leo_span::Span;
+
+use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
+use std::fmt;
+
+/// A circuit member access expression `inner.name` to some structure with *named members*.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+pub struct MemberAccess {
+    /// The structure that the member `name` is being extracted from.
+    pub inner: Box<Expression>,
+    /// The name of the member to extract in `inner`.
+    pub name: Identifier,
+    /// The span covering all of `inner.name`.
+    pub span: Span,
+}
+
+impl fmt::Display for MemberAccess {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
+        write!(f, "{}.{}", self.inner, self.name)
+    }
+}
+

compiler/ast/src/access/mod.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+// Copyright (C) 2019-2022 Aleo Systems Inc.
+// This file is part of the Leo library.
+
+// The Leo library is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+
+// The Leo library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// along with the Leo library. If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+mod member_access;
+pub use member_access::*;
+
+mod static_access;
+pub use static_access::*;

compiler/ast/src/access/static_access.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+// Copyright (C) 2019-2022 Aleo Systems Inc.
+// This file is part of the Leo library.
+
+// The Leo library is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+
+// The Leo library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// along with the Leo library. If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+use crate::{Expression, Identifier};
+use leo_span::Span;
+
+use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
+use std::fmt;
+
+/// An access expression to a static member, e.g., a constant in a circuit.
+/// An example would be `Foo::Const` or `Foo::function` in `Foo::function()`.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+pub struct StaticAccess {
+    /// Represents the container for the static member to access.
+    /// Usually this is a circuit.
+    pub inner: Box<Expression>,
+    /// The static member in `inner` that is being accessed.
+    pub name: Identifier,
+    /// The span for the entire expression `inner::name`.
+    pub span: Span,
+}
+
+impl fmt::Display for StaticAccess {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
+        write!(f, "{}::{}", self.inner, self.name)
+    }
+}
+

compiler/ast/src/circuits/circuit.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+// Copyright (C) 2019-2022 Aleo Systems Inc.
+// This file is part of the Leo library.
+
+// The Leo library is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+
+// The Leo library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// along with the Leo library. If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+use crate::{CircuitMember, Identifier};
+
+use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
+use std::fmt;
+
+/// A circuit type definition, e.g., `circuit Foo { my_field: Bar }`.
+/// In some languages these are called `struct`s.
+///
+/// Type identity is decided by the full path including `circuit_name`,
+/// as the record is nominal, not structural.
+/// The fields are named so `circuit Foo(u8, u16)` is not allowed.
+#[derive(Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+pub struct Circuit {
+    /// The name of the type in the type system in this module.
+    pub circuit_name: Identifier,
+    /// The fields, constant variables, and functions of this structure.
+    pub members: Vec<CircuitMember>,
+}
+
+impl Circuit {
+    fn format(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
+        writeln!(f, "circuit {} {{ ", self.circuit_name)?;
+        for field in self.members.iter() {
+            writeln!(f, "    {}", field)?;
+        }
+        write!(f, "}}")
+    }
+}
+
+impl fmt::Debug for Circuit {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
+        self.format(f)
+    }
+}
+
+impl fmt::Display for Circuit {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
+        self.format(f)
+    }
+}

compiler/ast/src/circuits/circuit_member.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+// Copyright (C) 2019-2022 Aleo Systems Inc.
+// This file is part of the Leo library.
+
+// The Leo library is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+
+// The Leo library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// along with the Leo library. If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+use crate::{Expression, Function, Identifier, Type};
+
+use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
+use std::fmt;
+
+#[allow(clippy::large_enum_variant)]
+/// A member of a circuit definition.
+#[derive(Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+pub enum CircuitMember {
+    /// A static constant in a circuit.
+    /// For example: `const foobar: u8 = 42;`.
+    CircuitConst(
+        /// The identifier of the constant.
+        Identifier,
+        /// The type the constant has.
+        Type,
+        /// The expression representing the constant's value.
+        /// Checked to be of the type above.
+        Expression,
+    ),
+    /// A variable definition in a circuit;
+    /// For example: `foobar: u8;`.
+    CircuitVariable(
+        /// The identifier of the constant.
+        Identifier,
+        /// The type the constant has.
+        Type,
+    ),
+    /// A function definition in a circuit.
+    /// For example: `function bar() -> u8 { return 2u8; }`.
+    CircuitFunction(
+        /// The function.
+        Box<Function>,
+    ),
+}
+
+impl fmt::Display for CircuitMember {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
+        match self {
+            CircuitMember::CircuitConst(ref identifier, ref type_, ref value) => {
+                write!(f, "{}: {} = {}", identifier, type_, value)
+            }
+            CircuitMember::CircuitVariable(ref identifier, ref type_) => write!(f, "{}: {}", identifier, type_),
+            CircuitMember::CircuitFunction(ref function) => write!(f, "{}", function),
+        }
+    }
+}

compiler/ast/src/circuits/mod.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+// Copyright (C) 2019-2022 Aleo Systems Inc.
+// This file is part of the Leo library.
+
+// The Leo library is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+
+// The Leo library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// along with the Leo library. If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+pub mod circuit;
+pub use circuit::*;
+
+pub mod circuit_member;
+pub use circuit_member::*;

compiler/ast/src/expressions/access.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+// Copyright (C) 2019-2022 Aleo Systems Inc.
+// This file is part of the Leo library.
+
+// The Leo library is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+
+// The Leo library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// along with the Leo library. If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+use super::*;
+use crate::access::*;
+
+/// An access expressions, extracting a smaller part out of a whole.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+pub enum AccessExpression {
+    // /// An `array[index]` expression.
+    // Array(ArrayAccess),
+    // /// An expression accessing a range of an array.
+    // ArrayRange(ArrayRangeAccess),
+    /// An expression accessing a field in a structure, e.g., `circuit_var.field`.
+    Member(MemberAccess),
+    // /// Access to a tuple field using its position, e.g., `tuple.1`.
+    // Tuple(TupleAccess),
+    /// Access to a member constant or a static function of a circuit.
+    Static(StaticAccess),
+}
+
+impl fmt::Display for AccessExpression {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
+        use AccessExpression::*;
+
+        match self {
+            // Array(access) => access.fmt(f),
+            // ArrayRange(access) => access.fmt(f),
+            Member(access) => access.fmt(f),
+            // Tuple(access) => access.fmt(f),
+            Static(access) => access.fmt(f),
+        }
+    }
+}
+

compiler/ast/src/expressions/circuit_init.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+// Copyright (C) 2019-2022 Aleo Systems Inc.
+// This file is part of the Leo library.
+
+// The Leo library is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+
+// The Leo library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// along with the Leo library. If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+use super::*;
+
+/// An initializer for a single field / variable of a circuit initializer expression.
+/// That is, in `Foo { bar: 42, baz }`, this is either `bar: 42`, or `baz`.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+pub struct CircuitVariableInitializer {
+    /// The name of the field / variable to be initialized.
+    pub identifier: Identifier,
+    /// The expression to initialize the field with.
+    /// When `None`, a binding, in scope, with the name will be used instead.
+    pub expression: Option<Expression>,
+}
+
+impl fmt::Display for CircuitVariableInitializer {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
+        if let Some(expr) = &self.expression {
+            write!(f, "{}: {}", self.identifier, expr)
+        } else {
+            write!(f, "{}", self.identifier)
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// A circuit initialization expression, e.g., `Foo { bar: 42, baz }`.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+pub struct CircuitInitExpression {
+    /// The name of the structure type to initialize.
+    pub name: Identifier,
+    /// Initializer expressions for each of the fields in the circuit.
+    ///
+    /// N.B. Any functions or member constants in the circuit definition
+    /// are excluded from this list.
+    pub members: Vec<CircuitVariableInitializer>,
+    /// A span from `name` to `}`.
+    pub span: Span,
+}
+
+impl fmt::Display for CircuitInitExpression {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
+        write!(f, "{} {{", self.name)?;
+        for member in self.members.iter() {
+            write!(f, "{}", member)?;
+            write!(f, ", ")?;
+        }
+        write!(f, "}}")
+    }
+}
+
+crate::simple_node_impl!(CircuitInitExpression);

compiler/ast/src/expressions/mod.rs

@@ -20,19 +20,31 @@ use leo_span::Span;
 use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
 use std::fmt;
 
+mod access;
+pub use access::*;
+
 mod binary;
 pub use binary::*;
-mod unary;
-pub use unary::*;
-mod ternary;
-pub use ternary::*;
-mod value;
-pub use value::*;
+
 mod call;
 pub use call::*;
+
+mod circuit_init;
+pub use circuit_init::*;
+
 mod err;
 pub use err::*;
 
+mod ternary;
+pub use ternary::*;
+
+mod unary;
+pub use unary::*;
+
+mod value;
+pub use value::*;
+
+
 /// Expression that evaluates to a value.
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
 pub enum Expression {

compiler/ast/src/lib.rs

@@ -21,12 +21,17 @@
 //! of the Leo compiler. The Leo compiler can generate a set of R1CS constraints from any [`Ast`].
 
 #![doc = include_str!("../README.md")]
+pub mod access;
+pub use self::access::*;
+
+pub mod circuits;
+pub use self::circuits::*;
 
 pub mod common;
 pub use self::common::*;
 
-pub mod expression;
-pub use self::expression::*;
+pub mod expressions;
+pub use self::expressions::*;
 
 pub mod functions;
 pub use self::functions::*;

compiler/ast/src/types/type_.rs

@@ -39,6 +39,8 @@ pub enum Type {
     IntegerType(IntegerType),
     /// A reference to a built in type.
     Identifier(Identifier),
+    /// The `Self` type, allowed within `circuit` definitions.
+    SelfType,
 
     /// Placeholder for a type that could not be resolved or was not well-formed.
     /// Will eventually lead to a compile error.
@@ -46,6 +48,20 @@ pub enum Type {
 }
 
 impl Type {
+    ///
+    /// Returns `true` if the self `Type` is the `SelfType`.
+    ///
+    pub fn is_self(&self) -> bool {
+        matches!(self, Type::SelfType)
+    }
+
+    ///
+    /// Returns `true` if the self `Type` is a `Circuit`.
+    ///
+    pub fn is_circuit(&self) -> bool {
+        matches!(self, Type::Identifier(_))
+    }
+
     ///
     /// Returns `true` if the self `Type` is equal to the other `Type`.
     ///
@@ -58,7 +74,8 @@ impl Type {
             | (Type::Field, Type::Field)
             | (Type::Group, Type::Group)
             | (Type::Scalar, Type::Scalar)
-            | (Type::String, Type::String) => true,
+            | (Type::String, Type::String)
+            | (Type::SelfType, Type::SelfType) => true,
             (Type::IntegerType(left), Type::IntegerType(right)) => left.eq(right),
             (Type::Identifier(left), Type::Identifier(right)) => left.eq(right),
             _ => false,
@@ -75,6 +92,7 @@ impl fmt::Display for Type {
             Type::Group => write!(f, "group"),
             Type::Scalar => write!(f, "scalar"),
             Type::String => write!(f, "string"),
+            Type::SelfType => write!(f, "SelfType"),
             Type::IntegerType(ref integer_type) => write!(f, "{}", integer_type),
             Type::Identifier(ref variable) => write!(f, "circuit {}", variable),
             Type::Err => write!(f, "error"),