diff --git a/compiler/ast/src/passes/reconstructor.rs b/compiler/ast/src/passes/reconstructor.rs
index fe5f513af2..9ff2f89407 100644
--- a/compiler/ast/src/passes/reconstructor.rs
+++ b/compiler/ast/src/passes/reconstructor.rs
@@ -344,6 +344,7 @@ pub trait ProgramReconstructor: StatementReconstructor {
                 .into_iter()
                 .map(|(i, f)| (i, self.reconstruct_function(f)))
                 .collect(),
+            span: input.span,
         }
     }
 
diff --git a/compiler/ast/src/program/program_scope.rs b/compiler/ast/src/program/program_scope.rs
index 93d5ab9def..00001bfe17 100644
--- a/compiler/ast/src/program/program_scope.rs
+++ b/compiler/ast/src/program/program_scope.rs
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
 use crate::{Function, Identifier, Mapping, Struct};
 
 use indexmap::IndexMap;
+use leo_span::Span;
 use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
 use std::fmt;
 
@@ -35,6 +36,8 @@ pub struct ProgramScope {
     pub mappings: IndexMap<Identifier, Mapping>,
     /// A map from function names to function definitions.
     pub functions: IndexMap<Identifier, Function>,
+    /// The span associated with the program scope.
+    pub span: Span,
 }
 
 impl fmt::Display for ProgramScope {
diff --git a/compiler/compiler/src/compiler.rs b/compiler/compiler/src/compiler.rs
index 542c7042c4..94ec93fcaa 100644
--- a/compiler/compiler/src/compiler.rs
+++ b/compiler/compiler/src/compiler.rs
@@ -51,6 +51,8 @@ pub struct Compiler<'a> {
     pub input_ast: Option<InputAst>,
     /// Compiler options on some optional output files.
     output_options: OutputOptions,
+    /// Whether or not we are compiling an imported program.
+    is_import: bool,
 }
 
 impl<'a> Compiler<'a> {
@@ -62,6 +64,7 @@ impl<'a> Compiler<'a> {
         main_file_path: PathBuf,
         output_directory: PathBuf,
         output_options: Option<OutputOptions>,
+        is_import: bool,
     ) -> Self {
         Self {
             handler,
@@ -72,6 +75,7 @@ impl<'a> Compiler<'a> {
             ast: Ast::new(Program::default()),
             input_ast: None,
             output_options: output_options.unwrap_or_default(),
+            is_import,
         }
     }
 
@@ -97,7 +101,20 @@ impl<'a> Compiler<'a> {
         // Use the parser to construct the abstract syntax tree (ast).
         self.ast = leo_parser::parse_ast(self.handler, &prg_sf.src, prg_sf.start_pos)?;
 
-        // TODO: Check that the program name matches the file name.
+        // If the program is imported, then check that the name of its program scope matches the file name.
+        // Note that parsing enforces that there is exactly one program scope in a file.
+        // TODO: Clean up check.
+        let program_scope = self.ast.ast.program_scopes.values().next().unwrap();
+        let program_scope_name =
+            with_session_globals(|s| program_scope.name.name.as_str(s, |string| string.to_string()));
+        if self.is_import && program_scope_name != self.program_name {
+            return Err(CompilerError::imported_program_name_does_not_match_filename(
+                program_scope_name,
+                self.program_name.clone(),
+                program_scope.name.span,
+            )
+            .into());
+        }
 
         if self.output_options.initial_ast {
             self.write_ast_to_json("initial_ast.json")?;
diff --git a/compiler/compiler/src/test.rs b/compiler/compiler/src/test.rs
index fa3caacba1..8a99b9d4c4 100644
--- a/compiler/compiler/src/test.rs
+++ b/compiler/compiler/src/test.rs
@@ -60,6 +60,7 @@ fn new_compiler(handler: &Handler, main_file_path: PathBuf) -> Compiler<'_> {
             ssa_ast: true,
             flattened_ast: true,
         }),
+        false,
     )
 }
 
diff --git a/compiler/parser/src/parser/file.rs b/compiler/parser/src/parser/file.rs
index f5474a695f..0d808fa8d5 100644
--- a/compiler/parser/src/parser/file.rs
+++ b/compiler/parser/src/parser/file.rs
@@ -28,7 +28,9 @@ impl ParserContext<'_> {
         let mut imports = IndexMap::new();
         let mut program_scopes = IndexMap::new();
 
-        // TODO: Condense logic
+        // TODO: Remove restrictions on multiple program scopes
+        let mut parsed_program_scope = false;
+
         while self.has_next() {
             match &self.token.token {
                 Token::Import => {
@@ -36,12 +38,25 @@ impl ParserContext<'_> {
                     imports.insert(id, import);
                 }
                 Token::Program => {
-                    let program_scope = self.parse_program_scope()?;
-                    program_scopes.insert((program_scope.name, program_scope.network), program_scope);
+                    match parsed_program_scope {
+                        // Only one program scope is allowed per file.
+                        true => return Err(ParserError::only_one_program_scope_is_allowed(self.token.span).into()),
+                        false => {
+                            parsed_program_scope = true;
+                            let program_scope = self.parse_program_scope()?;
+                            program_scopes.insert((program_scope.name, program_scope.network), program_scope);
+                        }
+                    }
                 }
                 _ => return Err(Self::unexpected_item(&self.token).into()),
             }
         }
+
+        // Requires that at least one program scope is present.
+        if !parsed_program_scope {
+            return Err(ParserError::missing_program_scope(self.token.span).into());
+        }
+
         Ok(Program {
             imports,
             program_scopes,
@@ -109,18 +124,22 @@ impl ParserContext<'_> {
     /// Parsers a program scope `program foo.aleo { ... }`.
     fn parse_program_scope(&mut self) -> Result<ProgramScope> {
         // Parse `program` keyword.
-        let _start = self.expect(&Token::Program)?;
+        let start = self.expect(&Token::Program)?;
 
         // Parse the program name.
         let name = self.expect_identifier()?;
 
         // Parse the program network.
         self.expect(&Token::Dot)?;
-
         let network = self.expect_identifier()?;
 
+        // Check that the program network is valid.
+        if network.name != sym::aleo {
+            return Err(ParserError::invalid_network(network.span).into());
+        }
+
         // Parse `{`.
-        let _open = self.expect(&Token::LeftCurly)?;
+        self.expect(&Token::LeftCurly)?;
 
         // Parse the body of the program scope.
         let mut functions = IndexMap::new();
@@ -148,7 +167,7 @@ impl ParserContext<'_> {
         }
 
         // Parse `}`.
-        let _close = self.expect(&Token::RightCurly)?;
+        let end = self.expect(&Token::RightCurly)?;
 
         Ok(ProgramScope {
             name,
@@ -156,6 +175,7 @@ impl ParserContext<'_> {
             functions,
             structs,
             mappings,
+            span: start + end,
         })
     }
 
diff --git a/compiler/passes/src/static_single_assignment/rename_program.rs b/compiler/passes/src/static_single_assignment/rename_program.rs
index 01446eae3a..83f414894c 100644
--- a/compiler/passes/src/static_single_assignment/rename_program.rs
+++ b/compiler/passes/src/static_single_assignment/rename_program.rs
@@ -101,6 +101,7 @@ impl ProgramScopeConsumer for StaticSingleAssigner {
                 .into_iter()
                 .map(|(i, f)| (i, self.consume_function(f)))
                 .collect(),
+            span: input.span,
         }
     }
 }
diff --git a/errors/src/errors/compiler/compiler_errors.rs b/errors/src/errors/compiler/compiler_errors.rs
index d40f60b682..a3a2d2a64c 100644
--- a/errors/src/errors/compiler/compiler_errors.rs
+++ b/errors/src/errors/compiler/compiler_errors.rs
@@ -63,4 +63,11 @@ create_messages!(
         msg: format!("Program name `{program_name}` should match file name `{file_name}`"),
         help: None,
     }
+
+    @formatted
+    imported_program_name_does_not_match_filename {
+        args: (program_scope_name: impl Display, file_name: impl Display),
+        msg: format!("The program scope `{program_scope_name}` does not match its filename `{file_name}`."),
+        help: None,
+    }
 );
diff --git a/errors/src/errors/package/package_errors.rs b/errors/src/errors/package/package_errors.rs
index d174440eed..5306589a81 100644
--- a/errors/src/errors/package/package_errors.rs
+++ b/errors/src/errors/package/package_errors.rs
@@ -302,7 +302,7 @@ create_messages!(
     @backtraced
     source_directory_can_contain_only_one_file {
         args: (),
-        msg: "The `src/` directory can contain only one file.".to_string(),
+        msg: "The `src/` directory can contain only one file and must be named `main.leo`.".to_string(),
         help: None,
     }
 );
diff --git a/errors/src/errors/parser/parser_errors.rs b/errors/src/errors/parser/parser_errors.rs
index 1d7ec51bb7..45b0a13192 100644
--- a/errors/src/errors/parser/parser_errors.rs
+++ b/errors/src/errors/parser/parser_errors.rs
@@ -250,4 +250,25 @@ create_messages!(
         msg: "The keyword `circuit` is deprecated.",
         help: Some("Use `struct` instead.".to_string()),
     }
+
+    @formatted
+    only_one_program_scope_is_allowed {
+        args: (),
+        msg: "Only one program scope is allowed in a Leo file.",
+        help: None,
+    }
+
+    @formatted
+    missing_program_scope {
+        args: (),
+        msg: "Missing a program scope in a Leo file.",
+        help: Some("Add a program scope of the form: `program <name>.aleo { ... }` to the Leo file.".to_string()),
+    }
+
+    @formatted
+    invalid_network {
+        args: (),
+        msg: "Invalid network identifier. The only supported identifier is `aleo`.",
+        help: None,
+    }
 );
diff --git a/leo/commands/build.rs b/leo/commands/build.rs
index 14c85f9cce..fb4d125d91 100644
--- a/leo/commands/build.rs
+++ b/leo/commands/build.rs
@@ -137,6 +137,7 @@ impl Command for Build {
                 &build_directory,
                 &handler,
                 self.compiler_options.clone(),
+                false,
             )?);
         }
 
@@ -157,6 +158,7 @@ impl Command for Build {
                     &build_imports_directory,
                     &handler,
                     self.compiler_options.clone(),
+                    true,
                 )?);
             }
         }
@@ -197,6 +199,8 @@ impl Command for Build {
     }
 }
 
+/// Compiles a Leo file in the `src/` directory.
+#[allow(clippy::too_many_arguments)]
 fn compile_leo_file(
     file_path: PathBuf,
     _package_path: &Path,
@@ -205,6 +209,7 @@ fn compile_leo_file(
     build: &Path,
     handler: &Handler,
     options: BuildOptions,
+    is_import: bool,
 ) -> Result<IndexMap<Symbol, Struct>> {
     // Construct the Leo file name with extension `foo.leo`.
     let file_name = file_path
@@ -218,13 +223,14 @@ fn compile_leo_file(
         .ok_or_else(PackageError::failed_to_get_file_name)?;
 
     // Create a new instance of the Leo compiler.
-    let mut program = Compiler::new(
+    let mut compiler = Compiler::new(
         program_name.to_string(),
         program_id.network().to_string(),
         handler,
         file_path.clone(),
         outputs.to_path_buf(),
         Some(options.into()),
+        is_import,
     );
 
     // TODO: Temporarily removing checksum files. Need to redesign this scheme.
@@ -258,7 +264,7 @@ fn compile_leo_file(
 
     // if checksum_differs {
     // Compile the Leo program into Aleo instructions.
-    let (symbol_table, instructions) = program.compile_and_generate_instructions()?;
+    let (symbol_table, instructions) = compiler.compile_and_generate_instructions()?;
 
     // Create the path to the Aleo file.
     let mut aleo_file_path = build.to_path_buf();
diff --git a/leo/package/src/source/directory.rs b/leo/package/src/source/directory.rs
index a5ce28396d..be66709bf3 100644
--- a/leo/package/src/source/directory.rs
+++ b/leo/package/src/source/directory.rs
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ use crate::parse_file_paths;
 
 use leo_errors::{PackageError, Result};
 
+use crate::source::MAIN_FILENAME;
 use std::{
     borrow::Cow,
     fs,
@@ -59,7 +60,7 @@ impl SourceDirectory {
     pub fn check_files(paths: &[PathBuf]) -> Result<()> {
         match paths.len() {
             0 => Err(PackageError::empty_source_directory().into()),
-            1 => Ok(()),
+            1 if paths[0].as_path().ends_with(MAIN_FILENAME) => Ok(()),
             _ => Err(PackageError::source_directory_can_contain_only_one_file().into()),
         }
     }
diff --git a/tests/test-framework/benches/leo_compiler.rs b/tests/test-framework/benches/leo_compiler.rs
index e1003526eb..38cb37396e 100644
--- a/tests/test-framework/benches/leo_compiler.rs
+++ b/tests/test-framework/benches/leo_compiler.rs
@@ -80,6 +80,7 @@ fn new_compiler(handler: &Handler) -> Compiler<'_> {
         PathBuf::from(String::new()),
         PathBuf::from(String::new()),
         None,
+        false,
     )
 }