Ghost/ghost/member-attribution/lib/referrer-translator.js

/**
 * @typedef {Object} ReferrerData
 * @prop {string|null} [refSource]
 * @prop {string|null} [refMedium]
 * @prop {string|null} [refUrl]
 */

const knownReferrers = require('@tryghost/referrers');

/**
 * Translates referrer info into Source and Medium
 */
class ReferrerTranslator {
    /**
     *
     * @param {Object} deps
     * @param {string} deps.siteUrl
     * @param {string} deps.adminUrl
     */
    constructor({adminUrl, siteUrl}) {
        this.adminUrl = this.getUrlFromStr(adminUrl);
        this.siteUrl = this.getUrlFromStr(siteUrl);
    }

    /**
     * Calculate referrer details from history
     * @param {import('./history').UrlHistoryArray} history
     * @returns {ReferrerData|null}
     */
    getReferrerDetails(history) {
        // Empty history will return null as it means script is not loaded
        if (history.length === 0) {
            return {
                refSource: null,
                refMedium: null,
                refUrl: null
            };
        }

        for (const item of history) {
            const refUrl = this.getUrlFromStr(item.refUrl);
            const refSource = item.refSource;
            const refMedium = item.refMedium;

            // If referrer is Ghost Explore
            if (this.isGhostExploreRef({refUrl, refSource})) {
                return {
                    refSource: 'Ghost Explore',
                    refMedium: 'Ghost Network',
                    refUrl: refUrl?.hostname ?? null
                };
            }

            // If referrer is Ghost.org
            if (this.isGhostOrgUrl(refUrl)) {
                return {
                    refSource: 'Ghost.org',
                    refMedium: 'Ghost Network',
                    refUrl: refUrl?.hostname
                };
            }

            // If referrer is Ghost Newsletter
            if (this.isGhostNewsletter({refSource})) {
                return {
                    refSource: refSource.replace(/-/g, ' '),
                    refMedium: 'Email',
                    refUrl: refUrl?.hostname ?? null
                };
            }

            // If referrer is from query params
            if (refSource) {
                const urlData = refUrl ? this.getDataFromUrl(refUrl) : null;
                return {
                    refSource: refSource,
                    refMedium: refMedium || urlData?.medium || null,
                    refUrl: refUrl?.hostname ?? null
                };
            }

            // If referrer is known external URL
            if (refUrl && !this.isSiteDomain(refUrl)) {
                const urlData = this.getDataFromUrl(refUrl);

                // Use known source/medium if available
                if (urlData) {
                    return {
                        refSource: urlData?.source ?? null,
                        refMedium: urlData?.medium ?? null,
                        refUrl: refUrl?.hostname ?? null
                    };
                }
                // Use the hostname as a source
                return {
                    refSource: refUrl?.hostname ?? null,
                    refMedium: null,
                    refUrl: refUrl?.hostname ?? null
                };
            }
        }

        return {
            refSource: 'Direct',
            refMedium: null,
            refUrl: null
        };
    }

    // Fetches referrer data from known external URLs
    getDataFromUrl(url) {
        // Allow matching both "google.ac/products" and "google.ac" as a source
        const urlHostPath = url?.host + url?.pathname;
        const urlDataKey = Object.keys(knownReferrers).sort((a, b) => {
            // The longer key has higher the priority so google.ac/products is selected before google.ac
            return b.length - a.length;
        }).find((source) => {
            return urlHostPath?.startsWith(source);
        });

        return urlDataKey ? knownReferrers[urlDataKey] : null;
    }

    /**
     * @private
     * Return URL object for provided URL string
     * @param {string} url
     * @returns {URL|null}
     */
    getUrlFromStr(url) {
        try {
            return new URL(url);
        } catch (e) {
            return null;
        }
    }

    /**
     * @private
     * Return whether the provided URL is a link to the site
     * @param {URL} url
     * @returns {boolean}
     */
    isSiteDomain(url) {
        try {
            if (this.siteUrl && this.siteUrl?.hostname === url?.hostname) {
                if (url?.pathname?.startsWith(this.siteUrl?.pathname)) {
                    return true;
                }
                return false;
            }
            return false;
        } catch (e) {
            return false;
        }
    }

    /**
     * @private
     * Return whether provided ref is a Ghost newsletter
     * @param {Object} deps
     * @param {string|null} deps.refSource
     * @returns {boolean}
     */
    isGhostNewsletter({refSource}) {
        // if refferer source ends with -newsletter
        return refSource?.endsWith('-newsletter');
    }

    /**
     * @private
     * Return whether provided ref is a Ghost.org URL
     * @param {URL|null} refUrl
     * @returns {boolean}
     */
    isGhostOrgUrl(refUrl) {
        return refUrl?.hostname === 'ghost.org';
    }

    /**
     * @private
     * Return whether provided ref is Ghost Explore
     * @param {Object} deps
     * @param {URL|null} deps.refUrl
     * @param {string|null} deps.refSource
     * @returns {boolean}
     */
    isGhostExploreRef({refUrl, refSource}) {
        if (refSource === 'ghost-explore') {
            return true;
        }

        if (refUrl?.hostname
            && this.adminUrl?.hostname === refUrl?.hostname
            && refUrl?.pathname?.startsWith(this.adminUrl?.pathname)
        ) {
            return true;
        }

        if (refUrl?.hostname === 'ghost.org' && refUrl?.pathname?.startsWith('/explore')) {
            return true;
        }

        return false;
    }
}

module.exports = ReferrerTranslator;