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Added info on indentation and escaping html, typos

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Simon Neveu 2014-10-18 12:25:42 +01:00
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1 changed files with 36 additions and 22 deletions
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@ -1,26 +1,36 @@
---
language: haml
filename: learnhaml.html.haml
filename: learnhaml.haml
contributors:
- ["Simon Neveu", "https://github.com/sneveu"]
---
Haml is a markup language predominantly used with Ruby that cleanly
and simply describes the HTML of any web document without the use of
inline code. It is a popular alternative to using rails templating
language (.erb) and allows you to embed ruby code into your markup.
Haml is a markup language predominantly used with Ruby that cleanly and simply describes the HTML of any web document without the use of inline code. It is a popular alternative to using Rails templating language (.erb) and allows you to embed Ruby code into your markup.
It aims to reduce repetition in your markup by closing tags for you
based on the structure of the indents in your code. The result is
markup that is well-structured, DRY, logical, and easier to read.
It aims to reduce repetition in your markup by closing tags for you based on the structure of the indents in your code. The result is markup that is well-structured, DRY, logical, and easier to read.
You can also use Haml on a project independent of Ruby, by installing the Haml gem on your machine and using the command line to convert it to html.
$ haml input_file.haml output_file.html
```haml
/ -------------------------------------------
/ Indenting
/ -------------------------------------------
/
Because of the importance indentation has on how your code is rendered, the
indents should be consistent throughout the document. Any differences in
indentation will throw an error. It's common-practice to use two spaces,
but it's really up to you, as long as they're constant.
/ -------------------------------------------
/ Comments
/ -------------------------------------------
/ This is what a comment looks like haml.
/ This is what a comment looks like in Haml.
/
To write a multi line comment, indent your commented code to be
@ -45,7 +55,7 @@ markup that is well-structured, DRY, logical, and easier to read.
</header>
</body>
/ Divs are the default elements so they can be written simply like this
/ The div tag is the default element, so they can be written simply like this
.foo
/ To add content to a tag, add the text directly after the declaration
@ -56,11 +66,15 @@ markup that is well-structured, DRY, logical, and easier to read.
This is a lot of content that we could probably split onto two
separate lines.
/ You can escape html by using the ampersand and equals sign ( &= )
/
You can escape html by using the ampersand and equals sign ( &= ). This
converts html-sensitive characters (&, /, :) into their html encoded
equivalents. For example
%p
&= "Yes & yes"
/ which would output 'Yes &amp; yes'
/ would output 'Yes &amp; yes'
/ You can unescape html by using the bang and equals sign ( != )
%p
@ -68,10 +82,10 @@ markup that is well-structured, DRY, logical, and easier to read.
/ which would output 'This is how you write a paragraph tag <p></p>'
/ Classes can be added to your tags either by chaining .classnames to the tag
/ CSS classes can be added to your tags either by chaining .classnames to the tag
%div.foo.bar
/ or as part of a ruby hash
/ or as part of a Ruby hash
%div{:class => 'foo bar'}
/ Attributes for any tag can be added in the hash
@ -80,7 +94,7 @@ markup that is well-structured, DRY, logical, and easier to read.
/ For boolean attributes assign the value 'true'
%input{:selected => true}
/ To write data-attributes, use the :data key with it's value as another hash
/ To write data-attributes, use the :data key with its value as another hash
%div{:data => {:attribute => 'foo'}}
@ -89,8 +103,8 @@ markup that is well-structured, DRY, logical, and easier to read.
/ -------------------------------------------
/
To output a ruby value as the contents of a tag, use an equals sign followed
by the ruby code
To output a Ruby value as the contents of a tag, use an equals sign followed
by the Ruby code
%h1= book.name
@ -99,10 +113,10 @@ markup that is well-structured, DRY, logical, and easier to read.
= book.publisher
/ To run some ruby code without rendering it to the html, use a hyphen instead
/ To run some Ruby code without rendering it to the html, use a hyphen instead
- books = ['book 1', 'book 2', 'book 3']
/ Allowing you to do all sorts of awesome, like ruby blocks
/ Allowing you to do all sorts of awesome, like Ruby blocks
- books.shuffle.each_with_index do |book, index|
%h1= book
@ -110,7 +124,7 @@ markup that is well-structured, DRY, logical, and easier to read.
%p This is a book
/
Again, no need to add the closing tags to the block, even for the ruby.
Again, no need to add the closing tags to the block, even for the Ruby.
Indentation will take care of that for you.
@ -118,7 +132,7 @@ markup that is well-structured, DRY, logical, and easier to read.
/ Inline Ruby / Ruby interpolation
/ -------------------------------------------
/ Include a ruby variable in a line of plain text using #{}
/ Include a Ruby variable in a line of plain text using #{}
%p Your highest scoring game is #{best_game}
@ -127,7 +141,7 @@ markup that is well-structured, DRY, logical, and easier to read.
/ -------------------------------------------
/
Use the colon to define haml filters, one example of a filter you can
Use the colon to define Haml filters, one example of a filter you can
use is :javascript, which can be used for writing inline js
:javascript