mirror of
https://github.com/adambard/learnxinyminutes-docs.git
synced 2024-12-23 15:24:09 +03:00
[lfe/en] proofread
This commit is contained in:
Boris Verkhovskiy
parent
ae280b79ec
commit
842937f79f
@ -1,21 +1,15 @@
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
language: "Lisp Flavoured Erlang(LFE)"
|
||||
language: "Lisp Flavoured Erlang (LFE)"
|
||||
filename: lispflavourederlang.lfe
|
||||
contributors:
|
||||
- ["Pratik Karki", "https://github.com/prertik"]
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
Lisp Flavoured Erlang(LFE) is a functional, concurrent, general-purpose programming
|
||||
language and Lisp dialect(Lisp-2) built on top of Core Erlang and the Erlang Virtual Machine(BEAM).
|
||||
|
||||
LFE can be obtained from [LFE](https://github.com/rvirding/lfe)
|
||||
|
||||
The classic starting point is [LFE DOCS.](http://docs.lfe.io)
|
||||
|
||||
Another new site is being built to replace it.[LFE DEV.](http://docs.lfe.io/dev)
|
||||
|
||||
Lisp Flavoured Erlang (LFE) is a functional, concurrent, general-purpose programming
|
||||
language and Lisp dialect (Lisp-2) built on top of Core Erlang and the Erlang Virtual Machine (BEAM).
|
||||
|
||||
LFE can be obtained from [LFE](https://github.com/rvirding/lfe).
|
||||
The classic starting point is the [LFE docs](http://docs.lfe.io).
|
||||
|
||||
```lisp
|
||||
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
|
||||
@ -24,7 +18,7 @@ Another new site is being built to replace it.[LFE DEV.](http://docs.lfe.io/dev)
|
||||
|
||||
;;; General form.
|
||||
|
||||
;; Lisp comprises of two syntax called: the ATOM and the S-expression.
|
||||
;; Lisp is comprised of two syntaxes, the ATOM and the S-expression.
|
||||
;; `forms` are known as grouped S-expressions.
|
||||
|
||||
8 ; an atom; it evaluates to itself
|
||||
@ -55,7 +49,7 @@ t ; another atom which denotes true.
|
||||
;; Libraries can be used directly from the Erlang ecosystem. Rebar3 is the build tool.
|
||||
|
||||
;; LFE is usually developed with a text editor(preferably Emacs) and a REPL
|
||||
;; (Read Evaluate Print Loop) running at the same time. The REPL
|
||||
;; (Read Evaluate Print Loop) running at the same time. The REPL
|
||||
;; allows for interactive exploration of the program as it is "live"
|
||||
;; in the system.
|
||||
|
||||
@ -65,18 +59,18 @@ t ; another atom which denotes true.
|
||||
|
||||
;;; Integers
|
||||
|
||||
1234 -123 ; Regular decimal notation
|
||||
#b0 #b10101 ; Binary notation
|
||||
#0 #10101 ; Binary notation (alternative form)
|
||||
#o377 #o-111 ; Octal notation
|
||||
#d123456789 #d+123 ; Explicitly decimal notation
|
||||
#xc0ffe 0x-01 ; Hexadecimal notation
|
||||
#2r1010 #8r377 ;Notation with explicit base (up to 36)
|
||||
1234 -123 ; Regular decimal notation
|
||||
#b0 #b10101 ; Binary notation
|
||||
#0 #10101 ; Binary notation (alternative form)
|
||||
#o377 #o-111 ; Octal notation
|
||||
#d123456789 #d+123 ; Explicitly decimal notation
|
||||
#xc0ffe 0x-01 ; Hexadecimal notation
|
||||
#2r1010 #8r377 ;Notation with explicit base (up to 36)
|
||||
#\a #$ #\ä #\🐭 ;Character notation (the value is the Unicode code point of the character)
|
||||
#\x1f42d; ;Character notation with the value in hexadecimal
|
||||
#\x1f42d; ;Character notation with the value in hexadecimal
|
||||
|
||||
;;; Floating point numbers
|
||||
1.0 +2.0 -1.5 1.0e10 1.111e-10
|
||||
1.0 +2.0 -1.5 1.0e10 1.111e-10
|
||||
|
||||
;;; Strings
|
||||
|
||||
@ -85,25 +79,25 @@ t ; another atom which denotes true.
|
||||
"Cat: \x1f639;" ; writing unicode in string for regular font ending with semicolon.
|
||||
|
||||
#"This is a binary string \n with some \"escaped\" and quoted (\x1f639;) characters"
|
||||
; Binary strings are just strings but function different in the VM.
|
||||
; Binary strings are just strings but function different in the VM.
|
||||
; Other ways of writing it are: #B("a"), #"a", and #B(97).
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
;;; Character escaping
|
||||
|
||||
\b ; => Backspace
|
||||
\t ; => Tab
|
||||
\n ; => Newline
|
||||
\v ; => Vertical tab
|
||||
\f ; => Form Feed
|
||||
\r ; => Carriage Return
|
||||
\e ; => Escape
|
||||
\s ; => Space
|
||||
\d ; => Delete
|
||||
\b ; => Backspace
|
||||
\t ; => Tab
|
||||
\n ; => Newline
|
||||
\v ; => Vertical tab
|
||||
\f ; => Form Feed
|
||||
\r ; => Carriage Return
|
||||
\e ; => Escape
|
||||
\s ; => Space
|
||||
\d ; => Delete
|
||||
|
||||
;;; Binaries
|
||||
;; It is used to create binaries with any contents.
|
||||
#B((#"a" binary) (#"b" binary)) ; #"ab" (Evaluated form)
|
||||
#B((#"a" binary) (#"b" binary)) ; #"ab" (Evaluated form)
|
||||
|
||||
;;; Lists are: () or (foo bar baz)
|
||||
|
||||
@ -114,7 +108,7 @@ t ; another atom which denotes true.
|
||||
;;; Symbols: Things that cannot be parsed. Eg: foo, Foo, foo-bar, :foo
|
||||
| foo | ; explicit construction of symbol by wrapping vertical bars.
|
||||
|
||||
;;; Evaluation
|
||||
;;; Evaluation
|
||||
|
||||
;; #.(... some expression ...). E.g. '#.(+ 1 1) will evaluate the (+ 1 1) while it ;; reads the expression and then be effectively '2.
|
||||
|
||||
@ -130,7 +124,7 @@ lfe> (list-comp
|
||||
;; 2. Core forms
|
||||
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
|
||||
|
||||
;; These forms are same as those found at Common Lisp and Scheme.
|
||||
;; These forms are the same as those found in Common Lisp and Scheme.
|
||||
|
||||
(quote e)
|
||||
(cons head tail)
|
||||
@ -189,8 +183,8 @@ lfe> (list-comp
|
||||
;; 3. Macros
|
||||
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
|
||||
|
||||
;; Macros are part of the language to allow you to create abstractions
|
||||
;; on top of the core language and standard library that move you closer
|
||||
;; Macros are part of the language and allow you to create abstractions
|
||||
;; on top of the core language and standard library that move you closer
|
||||
;; toward being able to directly express the things you want to express.
|
||||
|
||||
;; Top-level function
|
||||
@ -215,7 +209,7 @@ lfe> (list-comp
|
||||
((argpat ...) ...)
|
||||
...)
|
||||
|
||||
;; Top-level macro using Scheme inspired syntax-rules format
|
||||
;; Top-level macro using Scheme inspired syntax-rules format
|
||||
|
||||
(defsyntax name
|
||||
(pat exp)
|
||||
@ -226,7 +220,7 @@ lfe> (list-comp
|
||||
(macrolet ((name (arg ... ) ... )
|
||||
... )
|
||||
... )
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
(syntaxlet ((name (pat exp) ...)
|
||||
...)
|
||||
...)
|
||||
@ -258,12 +252,12 @@ lfe> (list-comp
|
||||
;; [P|Ps]=All (= (cons p ps) all)
|
||||
|
||||
_ ; => is don't care while pattern matching
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
(= pattern1 pattern2) ; => easier, better version of pattern matching
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
;; Guards
|
||||
|
||||
;; Whenever pattern occurs(let, case, receive, lc, etc) it can be followed by an optional
|
||||
;; Whenever pattern occurs (let, case, receive, lc, etc) it can be followed by an optional
|
||||
;; guard which has the form (when test ...).
|
||||
|
||||
(progn gtest ...) ;; => Sequence of guard tests
|
||||
@ -316,19 +310,19 @@ lfe>msg
|
||||
;; Functions are bound by top-level defun, flet and fletrec.
|
||||
;; Macros are bound by top-level defmacro/defsyntax and by macrolet/syntaxlet.
|
||||
|
||||
;; (funcall func arg ...) like CL to call lambdas/match-lambdas
|
||||
;; (funcall func arg ...) like CL to call lambdas/match-lambdas
|
||||
;; (funs) bound to variables are used.
|
||||
|
||||
;; separate bindings and special for apply.
|
||||
apply _F (...),
|
||||
apply _F (...),
|
||||
apply _F/3 ( a1, a2, a3 )
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
;; Cons'ing in function heads
|
||||
(defun sum (l) (sum l 0))
|
||||
(defun sum
|
||||
(('() total) total)
|
||||
(((cons h t) total) (sum t (+ h total))))
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
;; ``cons`` literal instead of constructor form
|
||||
(defun sum (l) (sum l 0))
|
||||
(defun sum
|
||||
@ -349,7 +343,7 @@ apply _F/3 ( a1, a2, a3 )
|
||||
(receive
|
||||
((tuple 'become func)
|
||||
(funcall func))))
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
;; another way for receiving messages
|
||||
|
||||
(defun universal-server ()
|
||||
@ -392,7 +386,7 @@ apply _F/3 ( a1, a2, a3 )
|
||||
(defun send-message (calling-pid msg)
|
||||
(let ((spawned-pid (spawn 'messenger-back 'print-result ())))
|
||||
(! spawned-pid (tuple calling-pid msg))))
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
;; Multiple simultaneous HTTP Requests:
|
||||
|
||||
(defun parse-args (flag)
|
||||
@ -437,22 +431,15 @@ apply _F/3 ( a1, a2, a3 )
|
||||
(io:format "Error: ~p~n" `(,reason)))
|
||||
(`#(http #(,request-id ,result))
|
||||
(io:format "Result: ~p~n" `(,result))))))
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
;; Check out Erlang's documentation for more concurrency and OTP docs.
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
## Further Reading
|
||||
|
||||
* [LFE DOCS](http://docs.lfe.io)
|
||||
* [LFE GitBook](https://lfe.gitbooks.io/reference-guide/index.html)
|
||||
* [LFE Wiki](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LFE_(programming_language))
|
||||
* [LFE DOCS](http://docs.lfe.io)
|
||||
* [LFE GitBook](https://lfe.gitbooks.io/reference-guide/index.html)
|
||||
* [LFE Wiki](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LFE_(programming_language))
|
||||
|
||||
## Extra Info
|
||||
* [LFE PDF](http://www.erlang-factory.com/upload/presentations/61/Robertvirding-LispFlavouredErlang.pdf)
|
||||
* [LFE mail](https://groups.google.com/d/msg/lisp-flavoured-erlang/XA5HeLbQQDk/TUHabZCHXB0J)
|
||||
|
||||
## Credits
|
||||
|
||||
Lots of thanks to Robert Virding for creating LFE, Duncan McGreggor for documenting it and other LFE contributors who made LFE awesome.
|
||||
|
||||
* [LFE PDF](http://www.erlang-factory.com/upload/presentations/61/Robertvirding-LispFlavouredErlang.pdf)
|
||||
* [LFE mail](https://groups.google.com/d/msg/lisp-flavoured-erlang/XA5HeLbQQDk/TUHabZCHXB0J)
|
||||
|
||||
Loading…
Reference in New Issue
Block a user