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Merge pull request #3332 from divayprakash/fix-smalltalk

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[smalltalk/en] Fix formatting
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Divay Prakash 2018-10-27 16:20:44 +05:30 committed by GitHub
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1 changed files with 34 additions and 30 deletions
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@ -11,22 +11,22 @@ contributors:
Feedback highly appreciated! Reach me at [@jigyasa_grover](https://twitter.com/jigyasa_grover) or send me an e-mail at `grover.jigyasa1@gmail.com`.
##Allowable characters:
## Allowable characters:
- a-z
- A-Z
- 0-9
- .+/\*~<>@%|&?
- blank, tab, cr, ff, lf
##Variables:
## Variables:
- variables must be declared before use
- shared vars must begin with uppercase
- local vars must begin with lowercase
- reserved names: `nil`, `true`, `false`, `self`, `super`, and `Smalltalk`
##Variable scope:
- Global: defined in Dictionary Smalltalk and accessible by all objects in system - Special: (reserved) `Smalltalk`, `super`, `self`, `true`, `false`, & `nil`
## Variable scope:
- Global: defined in Dictionary Smalltalk and accessible by all objects in system
- Special: (reserved) `Smalltalk`, `super`, `self`, `true`, `false`, & `nil`
- Method Temporary: local to a method
- Block Temporary: local to a block
- Pool: variables in a Dictionary object
@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ Transcript cr. "carriage return / l
Transcript endEntry. "flush the output buffer"
```
##Assignment:
## Assignment:
```
| x y |
x _ 4. "assignment (Squeak) <-"
@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ y := x deepCopy. "copy object and ins
y := x veryDeepCopy. "complete tree copy using a dictionary"
```
##Constants:
## Constants:
```
| b |
b := true. "true constant"
@ -91,7 +91,6 @@ x := $ . "character constant
x := #aSymbol. "symbol constants"
x := #(3 2 1). "array constants"
x := #('abc' 2 $a). "mixing of types allowed"
```
## Booleans:
@ -130,7 +129,6 @@ b := x isFloat. "test if object is f
b := x isNumber. "test if object is number"
b := $A isUppercase. "test if upper case character"
b := $A isLowercase. "test if lower case character"
```
## Arithmetic expressions:
@ -188,10 +186,9 @@ x := Float infinity. "infinity"
x := Float nan. "not-a-number"
x := Random new next; yourself. x next. "random number stream (0.0 to 1.0)"
x := 100 atRandom. "quick random number"
```
##Bitwise Manipulation:
## Bitwise Manipulation:
```
| b x |
x := 16rFF bitAnd: 16r0F. "and bits"
@ -205,7 +202,6 @@ x := 16r80 highbit. "position of highest
b := 16rFF allMask: 16r0F. "test if all bits set in mask set in receiver"
b := 16rFF anyMask: 16r0F. "test if any bits set in mask set in receiver"
b := 16rFF noMask: 16r0F. "test if all bits set in mask clear in receiver"
```
## Conversion:
@ -221,7 +217,6 @@ x := 3.99 storeString. "convert object to s
x := 15 radix: 16. "convert to string in given base"
x := 15 printStringBase: 16.
x := 15 storeStringBase: 16.
```
## Blocks:
@ -245,7 +240,8 @@ Transcript show: (x value: 'First' value: 'Second'); cr. "use block with argu
## Method calls:
- unary methods are messages with no arguments
- binary methods
- keyword methods are messages with selectors including colons standard categories/protocols: - initialize-release (methods called for new instance)
- keyword methods are messages with selectors including colons standard categories/protocols:
- initialize-release (methods called for new instance)
- accessing (get/set methods)
- testing (boolean tests - is)
- comparing (boolean tests with parameter
@ -254,6 +250,7 @@ Transcript show: (x value: 'First' value: 'Second'); cr. "use block with argu
- updating (receive notification of changes)
- private (methods private to class)
- instance-creation (class methods for creating instance)
```
| x |
x := 2 sqrt. "unary message"
@ -268,7 +265,7 @@ Transcript "Cascading - send mu
x := 3 + 2; * 100. "result=300. Sends message to same receiver (3)"
```
##Conditional Statements:
## Conditional Statements:
```
| x |
x > 10 ifTrue: [Transcript show: 'ifTrue'; cr]. "if then"
@ -330,7 +327,6 @@ y := x asciiValue. "convert to numeric
y := x asString. "convert to string"
b := $A <= $B. "comparison"
y := $A max: $B.
```
## Symbol:
@ -385,7 +381,9 @@ y := x asSet. "convert string to s
y := x shuffled. "randomly shuffle string"
```
## Array: Fixed length collection
## Array:
Fixed length collection
- ByteArray: Array limited to byte elements (0-255)
- WordArray: Array limited to word elements (0-2^32)
@ -428,7 +426,9 @@ y := x asBag. "convert to bag coll
y := x asSet. "convert to set collection"
```
##OrderedCollection: acts like an expandable array
## OrderedCollection:
acts like an expandable array
```
| b x y sum max |
x := OrderedCollection with: 4 with: 3 with: 2 with: 1. "create collection with up to 4 elements"
@ -471,7 +471,9 @@ y := x asBag. "convert to bag coll
y := x asSet. "convert to set collection"
```
## SortedCollection: like OrderedCollection except order of elements determined by sorting criteria
## SortedCollection:
like OrderedCollection except order of elements determined by sorting criteria
```
| b x y sum max |
x := SortedCollection with: 4 with: 3 with: 2 with: 1. "create collection with up to 4 elements"
@ -513,7 +515,9 @@ y := x asBag. "convert to bag coll
y := x asSet. "convert to set collection"
```
## Bag: like OrderedCollection except elements are in no particular order
## Bag:
like OrderedCollection except elements are in no particular order
```
| b x y sum max |
x := Bag with: 4 with: 3 with: 2 with: 1. "create collection with up to 4 elements"
@ -544,8 +548,12 @@ y := x asBag. "convert to bag coll
y := x asSet. "convert to set collection"
```
## Set: like Bag except duplicates not allowed
## IdentitySet: uses identity test (== rather than =)
## Set:
like Bag except duplicates not allowed
## IdentitySet:
uses identity test (== rather than =)
```
| b x y sum max |
x := Set with: 4 with: 3 with: 2 with: 1. "create collection with up to 4 elements"
@ -604,7 +612,7 @@ y := x asBag. "convert to bag coll
y := x asSet. "convert to set collection"
```
##Associations:
## Associations:
```
| x y |
x := #myVar->'hello'.
@ -612,8 +620,9 @@ y := x key.
y := x value.
```
## Dictionary:
## IdentityDictionary: uses identity test (== rather than =)
## IdentityDictionary:
uses identity test (== rather than =)
```
| b x y |
x := Dictionary new. "allocate collection"
@ -939,13 +948,8 @@ x := FillInTheBlank request: 'Prompt Me'. "prompt user for inp
Utilities openCommandKeyHelp
```
## Ready For More?
### Free Online
* [GNU Smalltalk User's Guide](https://www.gnu.org/software/smalltalk/manual/html_node/Tutorial.html)
* [smalltalk dot org](http://www.smalltalk.org/)
* [Computer Programming using GNU Smalltalk](http://www.canol.info/books/computer_programming_using_gnu_smalltalk/)