Carp/core/Map.carp

(definterface hash (Fn [(Ref a)] Int))

(defmodule String
  (defn hash [k]
    (let-do [a 31415
             b 27183
             vh 0]
      (for [x 0 (length k)]
        (do
          (set! vh (+ (* a vh) (Char.to-int (char-at k x))))
          (set! a (* a b))
          (set! x (Int.inc x))))
      (Int.abs vh)))
)

(defmodule Int
  (defn hash [k] (the Int @k))
)

(defmodule Long
  (defn hash [k] (to-int (the Long @k)))
)

(defmodule Bool
  (defn hash [k] (if (the Bool @k) 1 0))
)

(defmodule Char
  (defn hash [k] (to-int (the Char @k)))
)

(defmodule Byte
  (defn hash [k] (to-int (the Byte @k)))
)

(defmodule Float
  (defn hash [k] (to-bytes @k))
)

(defmodule Double
  (defn hash [k] (Long.to-int (to-bytes @k)))
)

(defmodule Pair
  (defn hash [pair]
    (let-do [code 17]
      (set! code (+ (* 31 code) (hash (Pair.a pair))))
      (set! code (+ (* 31 code) (hash (Pair.b pair))))
      code))
)

(deftype (Bucket a b) [entries (Array (Pair a b))])

(defmodule Bucket
  (defn empty []
    (Bucket.init []))

  (defn find [b k]
    (let-do [ret -1
             l (Array.length (Bucket.entries b))
             es (entries b)]
      (for [i 0 l]
        (when (= (Pair.a (Array.unsafe-nth es i)) k)
          (do
            (set! ret i)
            (break))))
      ret))

  (defn get-idx [b i]
    @(Pair.b (Array.unsafe-nth (entries b) i)))

  (defn set-idx [b i val]
    (do (Array.aupdate! (entries &b) i &(fn [p] (Pair.set-b @p @val)))
        b))

  (defn set-idx! [b i val]
    (Array.aupdate! (entries b) i &(fn [p] (Pair.set-b @p @val))))

  (defn push-back [b k v]
    (do (Array.push-back! (entries &b) (Pair.init-from-refs k v))
        b))

  (defn push-back! [b k v]
    (Array.push-back! (entries b) (Pair.init-from-refs k v)))

  (defn get [b k default-value]
    (let [i (find b k)]
      (if (<= 0 i)
        (get-idx b i)
        @default-value)))

  (defn get-maybe [b k]
    (let [i (find b k)]
      (if (<= 0 i)
        ;; The call to copy ('@') here is annoying - had to add it since sumtypes can't contain refs for now:
        (Maybe.Just @(Pair.b (Array.unsafe-nth (entries b) i)))
        (Maybe.Nothing))))

  (defn put [b k v]
    (let [i (find &b k)]
      (if (<= 0 i)
        (set-idx b i v)
        (push-back b k v))))

  (defn put! [b k v]
    (let [i (find b k)]
      (if (<= 0 i)
        (set-idx! b i v)
        (push-back! b k v))))

  (defn contains? [b k]
    (<= 0 (find b k)))

  (defn remove [entries k]
    (let-do [nentries (the (Array (Pair a b)) [])]
      (for [i 0 (Array.length entries)]
        (let [e (Array.unsafe-nth entries i)]
          (unless (= (Pair.a e) k)
             (set! nentries (Array.push-back nentries @e)))))
      nentries))

  (defn shrink [b k]
    (if (contains? &b k)
      (let [nentries (remove (entries &b) k)]
        (set-entries b nentries))
      b))
)

(deftype (Map a b) [n-buckets Int buckets (Array (Bucket a b))])

(defmodule Map
  (hidden dflt-len)
  (def dflt-len 256)

  (doc create "Create an empty map.")
  (defn create []
    (init dflt-len (Array.repeat dflt-len &Bucket.empty)))

  (doc create-with-len "Create an empty map with a given number of buckets. High numbers reduce the possibility of hash collisions while increasing the memory footprint.")
  (defn create-with-len [len]
    (init len (Array.repeat len &Bucket.empty)))

  (doc put "Put a a value v into map m, using the key k.")
  (defn put [m k v]
    (let [idx (Int.positive-mod (hash k) @(n-buckets &m))]
      (update-buckets m &(fn [b]
                           (let [n (Array.unsafe-nth &b idx)]
                             (Array.aset b idx (Bucket.put @n k v)))))))

  (doc put! "Put a a value v into map m, using the key k, in place.")
  (defn put! [m k v]
    (let [idx (Int.positive-mod (hash k) @(n-buckets m))
          b (buckets m)
          n (Array.unsafe-nth b idx)]
      (Bucket.put! n k v)))

  (doc get-with-default "Get the value for the key k from map m. If it isn’t found, the default is returned.")
  (defn get-with-default [m k default-value]
    (let [idx (Int.positive-mod (hash k) @(n-buckets m))]
      (Bucket.get (Array.unsafe-nth (buckets m) idx) k default-value)))

  (doc get "Get the value for the key k from map m. If it isn’t found, a zero element for the value type is returned.")
  (defn get [m k]
    (get-with-default m k &(zero)))

  (doc get-maybe "Get the value for the key k from map m. It returns a Maybe type, meaning that if nothing is found, Nothing is returned.")
  (defn get-maybe [m k]
    (let [idx (Int.positive-mod (hash k) @(n-buckets m))]
      (Bucket.get-maybe (Array.unsafe-nth (buckets m) idx) k)))

  (doc update "Update value at key k in map with function f, if it exists.")
  (defn update [m k f]
    (let [idx (Int.positive-mod (hash k) @(n-buckets &m))]
      (update-buckets m &(fn [b]
        (let [n (Array.unsafe-nth &b idx)
              i (Bucket.find n k)]
          (if (<= 0 i)
            ;; currently can't write a Bucket.update that takes f due to bug #347
            (Array.aset b idx (Bucket.set-idx @n i &(~f (Bucket.get-idx n i))))
            b))))))

  (doc update-with-default "Update value at key k in map with function f. If k doesn't exist in map, set k to (f v).")
  (defn update-with-default [m k f v]
    (let [idx (Int.positive-mod (hash k) @(n-buckets &m))]
      (update-buckets m &(fn [b]
        (let [n (Array.unsafe-nth &b idx)
              i (Bucket.find n k)]
          (if (<= 0 i)
            (Array.aset b idx (Bucket.set-idx @n i &(~f (Bucket.get-idx n i))))
            (Array.aset b idx (Bucket.push-back @n k &(~f @&v)))))))))

  (doc length "Get the length of the map m.")
  (defn length [m]
    (let-do [c 0]
      (for [i 0 @(n-buckets m)]
        (set! c (+ c (Array.length (Bucket.entries (Array.unsafe-nth (buckets m) i))))))
      c))

  (doc empty? "Check whether the map m is empty.")
  (defn empty? [m]
    (= (length m) 0))

  (doc contains? "Check whether the map m contains the key k.")
  (defn contains? [m k]
    (let [idx (Int.positive-mod (hash k) @(n-buckets m))]
      (Bucket.contains? (Array.unsafe-nth (buckets m) idx) k)))

  (doc remove "Remove the value under the key k from the map m.")
  (defn remove [m k]
    (let [idx (Int.positive-mod (hash k) @(n-buckets &m))]
      (update-buckets m &(fn [b]
                           (let [n (Array.unsafe-nth &b idx)]
                             (Array.aset b idx (Bucket.shrink @n k)))))))

  (doc all? "Do all key-value pairs pass the given predicate (of two arguments)?")
  (defn all? [pred m]
    (let-do [ret true]
      (for [i 0 @(n-buckets m)]
        (let [bucket (Array.unsafe-nth (buckets m) i)
              len (Array.length (Bucket.entries bucket))
              entries (Bucket.entries bucket)]
          (for [j 0 len]
            (let [e (Array.unsafe-nth entries j)]
              (unless (~pred (Pair.a e) (Pair.b e))
                (set! ret false))))))
      ret))

  (defn = [m1 m2]
    (and (= (length m1) (length m2))
         ;; we could use contains? and get-with-default here to avoid requiring a (zero) for the value type
         (all? &(fn [k v] (= v &(get m2 k))) m1)))

  (doc for-each "Execute the binary function f for all keys and values in the map m.")
  (defn for-each [m f]
    (for [i 0 @(n-buckets m)]
      (let [bucket (Array.unsafe-nth (buckets m) i)
            len (Array.length (Bucket.entries bucket))
            entries (Bucket.entries bucket)]
        (for [j 0 len]
          (let [e (Array.unsafe-nth entries j)]
            (~f (Pair.a e) (Pair.b e)))))))

  (doc endo-map "Transform values of the given map in place. f gets two arguments, key and value, and should return new value")
  (defn endo-map [f m]
    (do
      (for [i 0 @(n-buckets &m)]
        (let [bucket (Array.unsafe-nth (buckets &m) i)
              len (Array.length (Bucket.entries bucket))
              entries (Bucket.entries bucket)]
          (for [j 0 len]
            (let [e (Array.unsafe-nth entries j)]
              (Array.aset! entries j (Pair.init @(Pair.a e)
                                                (~f (Pair.a e) (Pair.b e))))))))
      m))

  (doc kv-reduce "Reduce a map with a function of three arguments: state, key and value. Reduction order is not guaranteed.")
  (defn kv-reduce [f init m]
    (do
      (for [i 0 @(n-buckets m)]
        (let [bucket (Array.unsafe-nth (buckets m) i)
              len (Array.length (Bucket.entries bucket))
              entries (Bucket.entries bucket)]
          (for [j 0 len]
            (let [e (Array.unsafe-nth entries j)]
              (set! init (~f init (Pair.a e) (Pair.b e)))))))
      init))

  (doc vals "Return an array of the values of the map. Order corresponds to order of (keys m)")
  (defn vals [m]
    (kv-reduce &(fn [arr _ v] (Array.push-back arr @v))
               []
               m))

  (doc keys "Return an array of the keys of the map. Order corresponds to order of (vals m)")
  (defn keys [m]
    (kv-reduce &(fn [arr k _] (Array.push-back arr @k))
               []
               m))

  (doc from-array "Create a map from the array a containing key-value pairs.")
  (defn from-array [a]
    (let-do [m (create)]
      (for [i 0 (Array.length a)]
        (let [e (Array.unsafe-nth a i)
              k (Pair.a e)
              v (Pair.b e)]
          (set! m (put m k v))))
      m))

  (doc to-array "Convert Map to Array of Pairs")
  (defn to-array [m]
    (kv-reduce &(fn [arr k v] (Array.push-back arr (Pair.init-from-refs k v)))
               []
               m))

  (defn str [m]
    (let [res (kv-reduce &(fn [s k v]
                           (String.join "" &[s @" " (prn @k) @" " (prn @v)]))
                         @"{"
                         m)]
      (String.append &res " }")))

  (doc reverse "reverses they keys and values in a given map `m`.")
  (defn reverse [m]
    (from-array &(Array.copy-map &Pair.reverse &(to-array m))))
)

(deftype (SetBucket a) [entries (Array a)])

(defmodule SetBucket
  (defn empty []
    (SetBucket.init []))

  (defn grow [b e]
    (set-entries @b (Array.push-back @(entries b) e)))

  (defn contains? [b k]
    (let-do [e false
             es (entries b)
             l (Array.length es)]
      (for [i 0 l]
        (when (= (Array.unsafe-nth es i) k)
          (do
            (set! e true)
            (break))))
       e))

  (defn remove [entries k]
    (let-do [nentries []]
      (for [i 0 (Array.length entries)]
        (let [e (Array.unsafe-nth entries i)]
          (unless (= e k)
             (set! nentries (Array.push-back nentries @e)))))
      nentries))

  (defn push-back! [b k]
    (Array.push-back! (entries b) k))

  (defn shrink [b k]
    (if (contains? b k)
      (set-entries @b (remove (entries b) k))
      @b))
)

(deftype (Set a) [n-buckets Int buckets (Array (SetBucket a))])

(defmodule Set
  (hidden dflt-len)
  (def dflt-len 256)

  (doc create "Create an empty set.")
  (defn create []
    (init dflt-len (Array.repeat dflt-len &SetBucket.empty)))

  (doc create-with-len "Create an empty set with a given number of buckets. Higher numbers decrease the probability of hash collisions while increasing the memory footprint.")
  (defn create-with-len [len]
    (init len (Array.repeat len &SetBucket.empty)))

  (doc put "Put a a key k into the set s.")
  (defn put [s k]
    (let [idx (Int.positive-mod (hash k) @(n-buckets &s))
          ;; The lifetime system really doesn't like this function, had to put in a bunch of copying to make it compile:
          ]
      (update-buckets s &(fn [b]
        (let [n (Array.unsafe-nth &b idx)]
          (if (SetBucket.contains? n k)
            b
            (let [new-k @k] ;; HACK!
              (Array.aset b idx (SetBucket.grow n new-k)))))))))

  (doc put! "Put a a key k into the set s, in place.")
  (defn put! [s k]
    (let [idx (Int.positive-mod (hash k) @(n-buckets s))
          b (buckets s)
          n (Array.unsafe-nth b idx)]
      (when (not (SetBucket.contains? n k))
        (SetBucket.push-back! n @k))))

  (doc length "Get the length of set s.")
  (defn length [s]
    (let-do [c 0]
      (for [i 0 @(n-buckets s)]
        (set! c (+ c (Array.length (SetBucket.entries (Array.unsafe-nth (buckets s) i))))))
      c))

  (doc empty? "Check whether the set s is empty.")
  (defn empty? [s]
    (= (length s) 0))

  (doc contains? "Check whether the set s contains the key k.")
  (defn contains? [s k]
    (let [idx (Int.positive-mod (hash k) @(n-buckets s))]
      (SetBucket.contains? (Array.unsafe-nth (buckets s) idx) k)))

  (doc remove "Remove the key k from the set s.")
  (defn remove [s k]
    (let [idx (Int.positive-mod (hash k) @(n-buckets &s))]
      (update-buckets s &(fn [b]
                           (let [n (Array.unsafe-nth &b idx)]
                             (Array.aset b idx (SetBucket.shrink n k)))))))

  (doc all? "Does the predicate hold for all values in this set?")
  (defn all? [pred set]
    (let-do [ret true]
      (foreach [bucket (buckets set)]
        (foreach [e (SetBucket.entries bucket)]
          (unless (~pred e)
            (do
              (set! ret false)
              (break)))))
      ret))

  (doc subset? "Is set-a a subset of set-b?")
  (defn subset? [set-a set-b]
    (all? &(fn [e] (Set.contains? set-b e)) set-a))

  (defn = [set-a set-b]
    (and (= (Set.length set-a) (Set.length set-b))
         (subset? set-a set-b)))

  (doc for-each "Execute the unary function f for each element in the set s.")
  (defn for-each [s f]
    (for [i 0 @(n-buckets s)]
      (let [bucket (Array.unsafe-nth (buckets s) i)
            len (Array.length (SetBucket.entries bucket))
            entries (SetBucket.entries bucket)]
        (for [j 0 len]
          (let [e (Array.unsafe-nth entries j)]
            (~f e))))))

  (doc from-array "Create a set from the values in array a.")
  (defn from-array [a]
    (let-do [s (create)]
      (for [i 0 (Array.length a)]
        (let [e (Array.unsafe-nth a i)]
          (set! s (put s e))))
      s))

  (doc reduce "Reduce values of the set with function f. Order of reduction is not guaranteed")
  (defn reduce [f init s]
    (do
      (for [i 0 @(n-buckets s)]
        (let [bucket (Array.unsafe-nth (buckets s) i)
              len (Array.length (SetBucket.entries bucket))
              entries (SetBucket.entries bucket)]
          (for [j 0 len]
            (let [e (Array.unsafe-nth entries j)]
              (set! init (~f init e))))))
      init))

  (doc intersection "Set of elements that are in both set-a and set-b")
  (defn intersection [set-a set-b]
    (reduce &(fn [s a] (if (Set.contains? set-b a) (Set.put s a) s))
            (Set.create)
            set-a))

  (doc union "Set of elements that are in either set-a or set-b (or both)")
  (defn union [set-a set-b]
    (reduce &Set.put
            @set-a
            set-b))

  (doc difference "Set of elements that are in set-a but not set-b")
  (defn difference [set-a set-b]
    (reduce &Set.remove
            @set-a
            set-b))

  (doc to-array "Convert Set to Array of elements")
  (defn to-array [s]
    (reduce &(fn [arr elt] (Array.push-back arr @elt)) [] s))

  (defn str [set]
    (let [res (reduce &(fn [s e] (String.join "" &[s @" " (prn e)]))
                      @"{"
                      set)]
      (String.append &res " }")))
)