diff --git a/triggers/daml/Daml/Trigger.daml b/triggers/daml/Daml/Trigger.daml
index ece674c532..6378c6171f 100644
--- a/triggers/daml/Daml/Trigger.daml
+++ b/triggers/daml/Daml/Trigger.daml
@@ -277,10 +277,10 @@ runTrigger userTrigger = LowLevel.BatchTrigger
   , heartbeat = userTrigger.heartbeat
   }
   where
-    initialState party readAs (ActiveContracts createdEvents) =
-      let acs = foldl (\acs created -> applyEvent (CreatedEvent created) acs) (ACS mempty Map.empty) createdEvents
-          userState = runTriggerInitializeA userTrigger.initialize (TriggerInitState acs party readAs)
-          state = TriggerState acs party readAs userState Map.empty
+    initialState args =
+      let acs = foldl (\acs created -> applyEvent (CreatedEvent created) acs) (ACS mempty Map.empty) args.acs.activeContracts
+          userState = runTriggerInitializeA userTrigger.initialize (TriggerInitState acs args.actAs args.readAs)
+          state = TriggerState acs args.actAs args.readAs userState Map.empty
       in TriggerSetup $ execStateT (runTriggerRule $ runRule userTrigger.rule) state
 
     mkUserState state acs msg =
diff --git a/triggers/daml/Daml/Trigger/Internal.daml b/triggers/daml/Daml/Trigger/Internal.daml
index cd3d484ccd..b8ef1a987d 100644
--- a/triggers/daml/Daml/Trigger/Internal.daml
+++ b/triggers/daml/Daml/Trigger/Internal.daml
@@ -179,7 +179,7 @@ runRule rule = do
 -- | Transform the (legacy) low-level trigger type into a batching trigger.
 runLegacyTrigger : LowLevel.Trigger s -> BatchTrigger s
 runLegacyTrigger userTrigger = BatchTrigger
-  { initialState = userTrigger.initialState
+  { initialState = \args -> userTrigger.initialState args.actAs args.readAs args.acs
   , update = \msgs -> forA_ msgs userTrigger.update
   , registeredTemplates = userTrigger.registeredTemplates
   , heartbeat = userTrigger.heartbeat
diff --git a/triggers/daml/Daml/Trigger/LowLevel.daml b/triggers/daml/Daml/Trigger/LowLevel.daml
index 0872860d91..ccd70d97a7 100644
--- a/triggers/daml/Daml/Trigger/LowLevel.daml
+++ b/triggers/daml/Daml/Trigger/LowLevel.daml
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ module Daml.Trigger.LowLevel
   ( Message(..)
   , Completion(..)
   , CompletionStatus(..)
+  , TriggerSetupArguments(..)
   , Transaction(..)
   , AnyContractId
   , toAnyContractId
@@ -167,6 +168,13 @@ data CompletionStatus
   | Succeeded { transactionId : TransactionId }
   deriving Show
 
+-- Introduced in version 2.5.1: this definition is used to simplify future extensions of trigger initialState arguments
+data TriggerSetupArguments = TriggerSetupArguments
+  { actAs : Party
+  , readAs : [Party]
+  , acs : ActiveContracts
+  }
+
 data ActiveContracts = ActiveContracts { activeContracts : [Created] }
 
 -- @WARN use 'BatchTrigger s' instead of 'Trigger s'
@@ -180,7 +188,7 @@ data Trigger s = Trigger
 -- | Batching trigger is (approximately) a left-fold over `Message` with
 -- an accumulator of type `s`.
 data BatchTrigger s = BatchTrigger
-  { initialState : Party -> [Party] -> ActiveContracts -> TriggerSetup s
+  { initialState : TriggerSetupArguments -> TriggerSetup s
   , update : [Message] -> TriggerRule s ()
   , registeredTemplates : RegisteredTemplates
   , heartbeat : Optional RelTime
diff --git a/triggers/runner/src/main/scala/com/digitalasset/daml/lf/engine/trigger/Converter.scala b/triggers/runner/src/main/scala/com/digitalasset/daml/lf/engine/trigger/Converter.scala
index c00b8326e3..4928725836 100644
--- a/triggers/runner/src/main/scala/com/digitalasset/daml/lf/engine/trigger/Converter.scala
+++ b/triggers/runner/src/main/scala/com/digitalasset/daml/lf/engine/trigger/Converter.scala
@@ -8,8 +8,9 @@ package trigger
 import scalaz.std.either._
 import scalaz.std.list._
 import scalaz.std.option._
+import scalaz.syntax.tag._
 import scalaz.syntax.traverse._
-import com.daml.lf.data.{FrontStack, ImmArray}
+import com.daml.lf.data.{FrontStack, ImmArray, Ref}
 import com.daml.lf.data.Ref._
 import com.daml.lf.language.Ast._
 import com.daml.lf.speedy.{ArrayList, SValue}
@@ -63,6 +64,8 @@ final class Converter(
   private[this] val anyTemplateTyCon = DA.Internal.Any.AnyTemplate
   private[this] val anyViewTyCon = DA.Internal.Interface.AnyView.Types.AnyView
   private[this] val activeContractsTy = triggerIds.damlTriggerLowLevel("ActiveContracts")
+  private[this] val triggerSetupArgumentsTy =
+    triggerIds.damlTriggerLowLevel("TriggerSetupArguments")
   private[this] val anyContractIdTy = triggerIds.damlTriggerLowLevel("AnyContractId")
   private[this] val archivedTy = triggerIds.damlTriggerLowLevel("Archived")
   private[this] val commandIdTy = triggerIds.damlTriggerLowLevel("CommandId")
@@ -291,6 +294,23 @@ final class Converter(
         .map(xs => SList(FrontStack.from(xs)))
     } yield record(activeContractsTy, "activeContracts" -> events)
 
+  def fromTriggerSetupArguments(
+      parties: TriggerParties,
+      createdEvents: Seq[CreatedEvent],
+  ): Either[String, SValue] =
+    for {
+      acs <- fromACS(createdEvents)
+      actAs = SParty(Ref.Party.assertFromString(parties.actAs.unwrap))
+      readAs = SList(
+        parties.readAs.map(p => SParty(Ref.Party.assertFromString(p.unwrap))).to(FrontStack)
+      )
+    } yield record(
+      triggerSetupArgumentsTy,
+      "actAs" -> actAs,
+      "readAs" -> readAs,
+      "acs" -> acs,
+    )
+
   def toFiniteDuration(value: SValue): Either[String, FiniteDuration] =
     value.expect(
       "RelTime",
diff --git a/triggers/runner/src/main/scala/com/digitalasset/daml/lf/engine/trigger/Runner.scala b/triggers/runner/src/main/scala/com/digitalasset/daml/lf/engine/trigger/Runner.scala
index f5d3f904b4..dc2e8bcdd0 100644
--- a/triggers/runner/src/main/scala/com/digitalasset/daml/lf/engine/trigger/Runner.scala
+++ b/triggers/runner/src/main/scala/com/digitalasset/daml/lf/engine/trigger/Runner.scala
@@ -100,7 +100,35 @@ private[lf] final case class Trigger(
     heartbeat: Option[FiniteDuration],
     // Whether the trigger supports readAs claims (SDK 1.18 and newer) or not.
     hasReadAs: Boolean,
-)
+) {
+
+  def initialStateArguments(
+      parties: TriggerParties,
+      acs: Seq[CreatedEvent],
+      converter: Converter,
+  ): Array[SValue] = {
+    if (defn.version >= Trigger.Version.`2.5.1`) {
+      Array(converter.fromTriggerSetupArguments(parties, acs).orConverterException)
+    } else {
+      val createdValue: SValue = converter.fromACS(acs).orConverterException
+      val partyArg = SParty(Ref.Party.assertFromString(parties.actAs.unwrap))
+
+      if (hasReadAs) {
+        // trigger version SDK 1.18 and newer
+        val readAsArg = SList(
+          parties.readAs.map(p => SParty(Ref.Party.assertFromString(p.unwrap))).to(FrontStack)
+        )
+        Array(partyArg, readAsArg, createdValue)
+      } else {
+        // trigger version prior to SDK 1.18
+        Array(partyArg, createdValue)
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+private final case class InFlightCommandOverflowException(inFlightCommands: Int, crashCount: Int)
+    extends Exception
 
 // Utilities for interacting with the speedy machine.
 private[lf] object Machine {
@@ -730,20 +758,11 @@ private[lf] class Runner private (
       compiler.unsafeCompile(
         ERecProj(trigger.defn.ty, Name.assertFromString("initialState"), trigger.defn.expr)
       )
-    // Convert the ACS to a speedy value.
-    val createdValue: SValue = converter.fromACS(acs).orConverterException
     // Setup an application expression of initialState on the ACS.
-    val partyArg = SParty(Ref.Party.assertFromString(parties.actAs.unwrap))
-    val initialStateArgs = if (trigger.hasReadAs) {
-      val readAsArg = SList(
-        parties.readAs.map(p => SParty(Ref.Party.assertFromString(p.unwrap))).to(FrontStack)
-      )
-      Array(partyArg, readAsArg, createdValue)
-    } else Array(partyArg, createdValue)
     val initialState: SExpr =
       makeApp(
         getInitialState,
-        initialStateArgs,
+        trigger.initialStateArguments(parties, acs, converter),
       )
     // Prepare a speedy machine for evaluating expressions.
     val machine: Speedy.PureMachine =
diff --git a/triggers/tests/daml/BatchTrigger.daml b/triggers/tests/daml/BatchTrigger.daml
index deee471928..f2495f13dc 100644
--- a/triggers/tests/daml/BatchTrigger.daml
+++ b/triggers/tests/daml/BatchTrigger.daml
@@ -10,8 +10,8 @@ import Daml.Trigger.LowLevel
 
 test : BatchTrigger [Text]
 test = BatchTrigger
-  { initialState = \party _readAs _ -> do
-      submitCommands [createCmd (T party)]
+  { initialState = \args -> do
+      submitCommands [createCmd (T args.actAs)]
       pure []
   , update = \msgs -> forA_ msgs \msg -> do
       case msg of