server: new function permissions layer

Co-authored-by: Rikin Kachhia <54616969+rikinsk@users.noreply.github.com> Co-authored-by: Rakesh Emmadi <12475069+rakeshkky@users.noreply.github.com> GitOrigin-RevId: 35645121242294cb6bb500ea598e9a1f2ca67fa1
2024-12-14 08:02:15 +03:00 · 2021-01-29 11:18:17 +05:30 · 2021-01-29 11:18:17 +05:30 · 10a3f9960d
commit 10a3f9960d
parent 0767333597
57 changed files with 1271 additions and 298 deletions
--- a/.circleci/test-server.sh
+++ b/.circleci/test-server.sh
@ -660,6 +660,22 @@ case "$SERVER_TEST_TO_RUN" in
    kill_hge_servers
    ;;

+  function-permissions)
+      echo -e "\n$(time_elapsed): <########## TEST GRAPHQL-ENGINE WITH FUNCTION PERMISSIONS ENABLED ########>\n"
+      TEST_TYPE="remote-schema-permissions"
+      export HASURA_GRAPHQL_INFER_FUNCTION_PERMISSIONS=false
+
+      run_hge_with_args serve
+      wait_for_port 8080
+
+      pytest -n 1 -vv --hge-urls "$HGE_URL" --pg-urls "$HASURA_GRAPHQL_DATABASE_URL" --hge-key="$HASURA_GRAPHQL_ADMIN_SECRET"  --test_function_permissions test_graphql_queries.py::TestGraphQLQueryFunctionPermissions
+      pytest -n 1 -vv --hge-urls "$HGE_URL" --pg-urls "$HASURA_GRAPHQL_DATABASE_URL" --hge-key="$HASURA_GRAPHQL_ADMIN_SECRET"  --test_function_permissions test_graphql_mutations.py::TestGraphQLMutationFunctions
+
+      unset HASURA_GRAPHQL_INFER_FUNCTION_PERMISSIONS
+
+      kill_hge_servers
+      ;;
+
  query-caching)
    echo -e "\n$(time_elapsed): <########## TEST GRAPHQL-ENGINE QUERY CACHING #####################################>\n"
    TEST_TYPE="query-caching"
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@ -60,6 +60,14 @@ access over it.
 either with the server flag ``--enable-remote-schema-permissions`` or the environment
 variable ``HASURA_GRAPHQL_ENABLE_REMOTE_SCHEMA_PERMISSIONS`` set to ``true``.

+### Function Permissions
+
+Before volatile functions were supported, the permissions for functions were automatically inferred
+from the select permission of the target table. Now, since volatile functions are supported we can't
+do this anymore, so function permissions are introduced which will explicitly grant permission to
+a function for a given role. A pre-requisite to adding a function permission is that the role should
+have select permissions to the target table of the function.
+
 ### Breaking changes

 - This release contains the [PDV refactor (#4111)](https://github.com/hasura/graphql-engine/pull/4111), a significant rewrite of the internals of the server, which did include some breaking changes:
@ -69,12 +77,12 @@ variable ``HASURA_GRAPHQL_ENABLE_REMOTE_SCHEMA_PERMISSIONS`` set to ``true``.
     - if a query selects table `bar` through table `foo` via a relationship, the required permissions headers will be the union of the required headers of table `foo` and table `bar` (we used to only check the headers of the root table);
     - if an insert does not have an `on_conflict` clause, it will not require the update permissions headers.

-This release contains the remote schema permissions feature, which introduces a breaking change:
+- This release contains the remote schema permissions feature, which introduces a breaking change:

-Earlier, remote schemas were considered to be a public entity and all the roles had unrestricted
-access to the remote schema. If remote schema permissions are enabled in the graphql-engine, a given
-remote schema will only be accessible to a role ,if the role has permissions configured for the said remote schema
-and be accessible according to the permissions that were configured for the role.
+  Earlier, remote schemas were considered to be a public entity and all the roles had unrestricted
+  access to the remote schema. If remote schema permissions are enabled in the graphql-engine, a given
+  remote schema will only be accessible to a role ,if the role has permissions configured for the said remote schema
+  and be accessible according to the permissions that were configured for the role.

 ### Bug fixes and improvements

--- a/docs/graphql/core/api-reference/index.rst
+++ b/docs/graphql/core/api-reference/index.rst
@ -15,29 +15,33 @@ API Reference
 Available APIs
 --------------

-+-----------------+-----------------------------------------+------------------+
-| API             | Endpoint                                | Access           |
-+=================+=========================================+==================+
-| GraphQL         | :ref:`/v1/graphql <graphql_api>`        | Permission rules |
-+-----------------+-----------------------------------------+------------------+
-| Relay           | :ref:`/v1beta1/relay <relay_api>`       | Permission rules |
-+-----------------+-----------------------------------------+------------------+
-| Legacy GraphQL  | :ref:`/v1alpha1/graphql <graphql_api>`  | Permission rules |
-+-----------------+-----------------------------------------+------------------+
-| Schema/Metadata | :ref:`/v1/query <schema_metadata_api>`  | Admin only       |
-+-----------------+-----------------------------------------+------------------+
-| RESTified GQL   | :ref:`/api/rest <restified_api>`        | GQL REST Routes  |
-+-----------------+-----------------------------------------+------------------+
-| Version         | :ref:`/v1/version <version_api>`        | Public           |
-+-----------------+-----------------------------------------+------------------+
-| Health          | :ref:`/healthz <health_api>`            | Public           |
-+-----------------+-----------------------------------------+------------------+
-| PG Dump         | :ref:`/v1alpha1/pg_dump <pg_dump_api>`  | Admin only       |
-+-----------------+-----------------------------------------+------------------+
-| Config          | :ref:`/v1alpha1/config <config_api>`    | Admin only       |
-+-----------------+-----------------------------------------+------------------+
-| Explain         | :ref:`/v1/graphql/explain <explain_api>`| Admin only       |
-+-----------------+-----------------------------------------+------------------+
+----------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------+------------------+
+| API                              | Endpoint                                          | Access           |
+==================================+===================================================+==================+
+| GraphQL                          | :ref:`/v1/graphql <graphql_api>`                  | Permission rules |
+----------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------+------------------+
+| Relay                            | :ref:`/v1beta1/relay <relay_api>`                 | Permission rules |
+----------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------+------------------+
+| Legacy GraphQL                   | :ref:`/v1alpha1/graphql <graphql_api>`            | Permission rules |
+----------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------+------------------+
+| Schema/Metadata *(< v1.3)*       | :ref:`/v1/query <schema_metadata_api>`            | Admin only       |
+----------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------+------------------+
+| Schema *(> v1.4)*                | :ref:`/v2/query <schema_api>`                     | Admin only       |
+----------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------+------------------+
+| Metadata *(> v1.4)*              | :ref:`/v1/metadata <metadata_api>`                | Admin only       |
+----------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------+------------------+
+| Restified GQL                    | :ref:`/api/rest <restified_api>`                  | GQL REST Routes  |
+----------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------+------------------+
+| Version                          | :ref:`/v1/version <version_api>`                  | Public           |
+----------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------+------------------+
+| Health                           | :ref:`/healthz <health_api>`                      | Public           |
+----------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------+------------------+
+| PG Dump                          | :ref:`/v1alpha1/pg_dump <pg_dump_api>`            | Admin only       |
+----------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------+------------------+
+| Config                           | :ref:`/v1alpha1/config <config_api>`              | Admin only       |
+----------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------+------------------+
+| Explain                          | :ref:`/v1/graphql/explain <explain_api>`          | Admin only       |
+----------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------+------------------+

 .. _graphql_api:

@ -61,14 +65,36 @@ See details at :ref:`api_reference_relay_graphql`.

 .. _schema_metadata_api:

-Schema / metadata API
-^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+Schema / metadata API V1 (v1.3 and below)
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

 Hasura exposes a schema / metadata API for managing metadata for permissions/relationships or for directly
 executing SQL on the underlying Postgres.

 This is primarily intended to be used as an ``admin`` API to manage the Hasura schema and metadata.

+See details at :ref:`schema_metadata_apis` .
+
+.. _schema_api:
+
+Schema API (v1.4 and above)
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+Hasura exposes a schema API for directly executing SQL on the underlying Postgres.
+
+This is primarily intended to be used as an ``admin`` API to manage the Hasura schema.
+
+See details at :ref:`schema_apis`.
+
+.. _metadata_api:
+
+Metadata API (v1.4 and above)
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+Hasura exposes a metadata API for managing metadata.
+
+This is primarily intended to be used as an ``admin`` API to manage the Hasura metadata.
+
 See details at :ref:`metadata_apis`.

 .. _version_api:
@ -142,7 +168,9 @@ You can refer to the following to know about all PostgreSQL types supported by t

  GraphQL API <graphql-api/index>
  Relay GraphQL API <relay-graphql-api/index>
-  Schema / Metadata APIs <schema-metadata-api/index>
+  Schema / Metadata APIs V1 <schema-metadata-api/index>
+  Schema APIs <schema-api/index>
+  Metadata APIs <metadata-api/index>
  RESTified GraphQL Endpoints <restified>
  Version API <version>
  Health check API <health>
--- a/docs/graphql/core/api-reference/metadata-api/dataerrors.csv
+++ b/docs/graphql/core/api-reference/metadata-api/dataerrors.csv
@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+Status Code,Code,Error
+400,postgres-error,Not-NULL violation. null value in column <column-name> violates not-null constraint
+400,permission-denied,select on <column/table> for role <role-name> is not allowed.
+400,not-exists,table <table-name> does not exist
+400,not-exists,no such table/view exists in postgres : <table-name>
+400,not-exists,<field-name> does not exist
+400,already-tracked,view/table already tracked : <table-name>
+400,access-denied,restricted access : admin only
+400,not-supported,table renames are not yet supported : <table-name>
+400,not-exists,<column-name> does not exist
+400,already-exists,cannot add column <column-name> in table <table-name> as a relationship with the name already exists
+400,invalid-json,invalid json
+400,not-supported,column renames are not yet supported : <table-name>.<column-name>
+400,invalid-headers,missing header : <header-name>
+400,dependency-error,cannot change type of column <column-name> in table <table-name> because of the following dependencies : <dependencies>
+400,invalid-headers,X-Hasura-User-Id should be an integer
+400,dependency-error,cannot drop due to the following dependent objects : <dependencies>
+400,access-denied,You have to be admin to access this endpoint
+400,parse-failed,parsing dotted table failed : <table-name>
+400,access-denied,not authorised to access this tx
+400,already-exists,multiple declarations exist for the following <table-name> : <duplicates>
+400,not-exists,tx does not exists
+400,already-exists,column/relationship of table <table-name> already exists
+400,already-initialised,the state seems to be initialised already. \ \ you may need to migrate from this version: <catalog-version>
+400,constraint-error,no foreign constraint exists on the given column
+400,not-supported,unsupported version : <catalog-version>
+400,constraint-error,more than one foreign key constraint exists on the given column
+400,already-exists,the query template already exists <template-name>
+400,permission-error,<permission-type>' permission on <table-name> for role <role-name> already exists
+400,permission-error,<permission-type>' permission on <table-name> for role <role-name> does not exist
+400,unexpected-payload,Unknown operator : <operator-type>  
+400,unexpected-payload,expecting a string for column operator
+400,unexpected-payload,"incompatible column types : '<column-name>', '<column-name>' "
+400,unexpected-payload,Expecting 'constraint' or 'constraint_on' when the 'action' is 'update'
+400,unexpected-payload,constraint' and 'constraint_on' cannot be set at a time
+400,unexpected-payload,upsert is not allowed for role '<role-name>'
+400,unexpected-payload,objects should not be empty
+400,invalid-params,missing parameter : <param-name>
+400,unexpected-payload,can't be empty
+400,,<col-name>' is a relationship and should be expanded
+400,unexpected-payload,<column-name>' should be included in 'columns'
+400,unexpected-payload,<column-name>' is an array relationship and can't be used in 'order_by'
+400,,<column-name>' is a Postgres column and cannot be chained further
+400,unexpected-payload,order_by array should not be empty
+400,unexpected-payload,"when selecting an 'obj_relationship' 'where', 'order_by', 'limit' and 'offset' can't be used"
+400,unexpected-payload,"atleast one of $set, $inc, $mul has to be present"
+400,permission-denied,<permission-type> on <table-name> for role <role-name> is not allowed
+400,not-exists,no such column exists : <column-name>
+400,permission-denied,role <role-name> does not have permission to <permission-type> column <column-name>
+400,,"expecting a postgres column; but, <name> is relationship"
+400,unexpected-payload,JSON column can not be part of where clause
+400,unexpected-payload,is of type <type-name>; this operator works only on column of types <[types]>
+400,postgres-error,query execution failed
+500,unexpected,unexpected dependency of relationship : <dependency>
+500,unexpected,unexpected dependent object : <dependency>
+500,unexpected,field already exists
+500,unexpected,field does not exist
+500,unexpected,permission does not exist
+500,postgres-error,postgres transaction error
+500,postgres-error,connection error
+500,postgres-error,postgres query error
+404,not-found,No such resource exists
--- a/docs/graphql/core/api-reference/metadata-api/index.rst
+++ b/docs/graphql/core/api-reference/metadata-api/index.rst
@ -0,0 +1,164 @@
+.. meta::
+   :description: Hasura metadata API reference
+   :keywords: hasura, docs, metadata API, API reference
+
+.. _metadata_apis:
+
+Metadata API Reference (v1.4 and above)
+=======================================
+
+.. contents:: Table of contents
+  :backlinks: none
+  :depth: 1
+  :local:
+
+Introduction
+------------
+
+This is primarily intended to be used as an ``admin`` API to manage the Hasura metadata.
+
+Endpoint
+--------
+
+All requests are ``POST`` requests to the ``/v1/metadata`` endpoint.
+
+Request structure
+-----------------
+
+.. code-block:: http
+
+   POST /v1/metadata HTTP/1.1
+
+   {
+      "type": "<query-type>",
+      "args": <args-object>
+   }
+
+Request body
+^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+.. parsed-literal::
+
+   Query_
+
+.. _Query:
+
+Query
+*****
+
+.. list-table::
+   :header-rows: 1
+
+   * - Key
+     - Required
+     - Schema
+     - Description
+   * - type
+     - true
+     - String
+     - Type of the query
+   * - args
+     - true
+     - JSON Value
+     - The arguments to the query
+   * - version
+     - false
+     - Integer
+     - Version of the API (default: 1)
+
+Request types
+-------------
+
+The various types of queries are listed in the following table:
+
+.. list-table::
+   :header-rows: 1
+
+   * - ``type``
+     - ``args``
+     - ``version``
+     - Synopsis
+
+   * - **bulk**
+     - :ref:`Query <Query>` array
+     - 1
+     - Execute multiple operations in a single query
+
+   * - :ref:`pg_create_function_permission`
+     - :ref:`pg_create_function_permission_args <pg_create_function_permission_args_syntax>`
+     - 1
+     - Create a function permission
+
+   * - :ref:`pg_drop_function_permission`
+     - :ref:`pg_drop_function_permission_args <pg_drop_function_permission_args_syntax>`
+     - 1
+     - Drop an existing function permission
+
+Response structure
+------------------
+
+.. list-table::
+   :widths: 10 10 30
+   :header-rows: 1
+
+   * - Status code
+     - Description
+     - Response structure
+
+   * - ``200``
+     - Success
+     - .. parsed-literal::
+
+        Request specific
+
+   * - ``400``
+     - Bad request
+     - .. code-block:: haskell
+
+          {
+              "path"  : String,
+              "error" : String
+          }
+
+   * - ``401``
+     - Unauthorized
+     - .. code-block:: haskell
+
+          {
+              "error" : String
+          }
+
+   * - ``500``
+     - Internal server error
+     - .. code-block:: haskell
+
+          {
+              "error" : String
+          }
+
+
+Error codes
+-----------
+
+.. csv-table::
+   :file: dataerrors.csv
+   :widths: 10, 20, 70
+   :header-rows: 1
+
+Disabling metadata API
+----------------------
+
+Since this API can be used to make changes to the GraphQL schema, it can be
+disabled, especially in production deployments.
+
+The ``enabled-apis`` flag or the ``HASURA_GRAPHQL_ENABLED_APIS`` env var can be used to
+enable/disable this API. By default, the schema/metadata API is enabled. To disable it, you need
+to explicitly state that this API is not enabled i.e. remove it from the list of enabled APIs.
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+   # enable only graphql api, disable metadata and pgdump
+   --enabled-apis="graphql"
+   HASURA_GRAPHQL_ENABLED_APIS="graphql"
+
+See :ref:`server_flag_reference` for info on setting the above flag/env var.
--- a/docs/graphql/core/api-reference/schema-api/index.rst
+++ b/docs/graphql/core/api-reference/schema-api/index.rst
@ -0,0 +1,154 @@
+.. meta::
+   :description: Hasura schema API reference
+   :keywords: hasura, docs, schema API, API reference
+
+.. _schema_apis:
+
+Schema API Reference (v1.4 and above)
+=====================================
+
+.. contents:: Table of contents
+  :backlinks: none
+  :depth: 1
+  :local:
+
+Introduction
+------------
+
+The schema API provides the following features:
+
+1. Execute SQL on the underlying Postgres database, supports schema modifying actions.
+
+This is primarily intended to be used as an ``admin`` API to manage the Hasura schema.
+
+Endpoint
+--------
+
+All requests are ``POST`` requests to the ``/v2/query`` endpoint.
+
+Request structure
+-----------------
+
+.. code-block:: http
+
+   POST /v1/query HTTP/1.1
+
+   {
+      "type": "<query-type>",
+      "args": <args-object>
+   }
+
+Request body
+^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+.. parsed-literal::
+
+   Query_
+
+.. _Query_:
+
+Query
+*****
+
+.. list-table::
+   :header-rows: 1
+
+   * - Key
+     - Required
+     - Schema
+     - Description
+   * - type
+     - true
+     - String
+     - Type of the query
+   * - args
+     - true
+     - JSON Value
+     - The arguments to the query
+   * - version
+     - false
+     - Integer
+     - Version of the API (default: 1)
+
+Request types
+-------------
+
+The various types of queries are listed in the following table:
+
+.. list-table::
+   :header-rows: 1
+
+   * - ``type``
+     - ``args``
+     - ``version``
+     - Synopsis
+
+   * - **bulk**
+     - :ref:`Query <Query>` array
+     - 1
+     - Execute multiple operations in a single query
+
+   * - :ref:`run_sql`
+     - :ref:`run_sql_args <run_sql_syntax>`
+     - 1
+     - Run SQL directly on Postgres
+
+Response structure
+------------------
+
+.. list-table::
+   :widths: 10 10 30
+   :header-rows: 1
+
+   * - Status code
+     - Description
+     - Response structure
+
+   * - ``200``
+     - Success
+     - .. parsed-literal::
+
+        Request specific
+
+   * - ``400``
+     - Bad request
+     - .. code-block:: haskell
+
+          {
+              "path"  : String,
+              "error" : String
+          }
+
+   * - ``401``
+     - Unauthorized
+     - .. code-block:: haskell
+
+          {
+              "error" : String
+          }
+
+   * - ``500``
+     - Internal server error
+     - .. code-block:: haskell
+
+          {
+              "error" : String
+          }
+
+Disabling schema API
+--------------------
+
+Since this API can be used to make changes to the GraphQL schema, it can be
+disabled, especially in production deployments.
+
+The ``enabled-apis`` flag or the ``HASURA_GRAPHQL_ENABLED_APIS`` env var can be used to
+enable/disable this API. By default, the schema/metadata API is enabled. To disable it, you need
+to explicitly state that this API is not enabled i.e. remove it from the list of enabled APIs.
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+   # enable only graphql api, disable metadata and pgdump
+   --enabled-apis="graphql"
+   HASURA_GRAPHQL_ENABLED_APIS="graphql"
+
+See :ref:`server_flag_reference` for info on setting the above flag/env var.
--- a/docs/graphql/core/api-reference/schema-metadata-api/custom-functions.rst
+++ b/docs/graphql/core/api-reference/schema-metadata-api/custom-functions.rst
@ -170,6 +170,102 @@ Function Configuration
   - **Return type**: MUST be ``SETOF <table-name>`` where ``<table-name>`` is already tracked
   - **Argument modes**: ONLY ``IN``

+.. _pg_create_function_permission:
+
+pg_create_function_permission
+-----------------------------
+
+``pg_create_function_permission`` is used to add permission to an existing custom function.
+To add a function permission, the graphql-engine should have disabled inferring of
+function permissions and the provided role should have select permissions to the
+target table of the function.
+
+.. code-block:: http
+
+   POST /v1/metadata HTTP/1.1
+   Content-Type: application/json
+   X-Hasura-Role: admin
+
+   {
+       "type": "pg_create_function_permission",
+       "args": {
+          "function": "get_articles",
+          "role": "user"
+       }
+   }
+
+.. _pg_create_function_permission_args_syntax:
+
+Args syntax
+^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+.. list-table::
+   :header-rows: 1
+
+   * - Key
+     - Required
+     - Schema
+     - Description
+   * - function
+     - true
+     - :ref:`FunctionName <FunctionName>`
+     - Name of the SQL function
+   * - role
+     - true
+     - :ref:`RoleName <RoleName>`
+     - Name of the role
+   * - source
+     - false
+     - Text
+     - Name of the source of the SQL function
+
+.. _pg_drop_function_permission:
+
+pg_drop_function_permission
+---------------------------
+
+``pg_drop_function_permission`` is used to drop an existing function permission.
+
+.. code-block:: http
+
+   POST /v1/metadata HTTP/1.1
+   Content-Type: application/json
+   X-Hasura-Role: admin
+
+   {
+       "type": "pg_drop_function_permission",
+       "args": {
+          "function": "get_articles",
+          "role": "user"
+       }
+   }
+
+.. _pg_drop_function_permission_args_syntax:
+
+Args syntax
+^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+.. list-table::
+   :header-rows: 1
+
+   * - Key
+     - Required
+     - Schema
+     - Description
+   * - function
+     - true
+     - :ref:`FunctionName <FunctionName>`
+     - Name of the SQL function
+   * - role
+     - true
+     - :ref:`RoleName <RoleName>`
+     - Name of the role
+   * - source
+     - false
+     - Text
+     - Name of the source of the SQL function
+
+
 .. _untrack_function:

 untrack_function
--- a/docs/graphql/core/api-reference/schema-metadata-api/index.rst
+++ b/docs/graphql/core/api-reference/schema-metadata-api/index.rst
@ -2,10 +2,10 @@
   :description: Hasura schema/metadata API reference
   :keywords: hasura, docs, schema/metadata API, API reference

-.. _metadata_apis:
+.. _schema_metadata_apis:

-Schema / Metadata API Reference
-===============================
+Schema / Metadata API Reference (v1.3 and below)
+================================================

 .. contents:: Table of contents
  :backlinks: none
--- a/docs/graphql/core/api-reference/schema-metadata-api/remote-schema-permissions.rst
+++ b/docs/graphql/core/api-reference/schema-metadata-api/remote-schema-permissions.rst
@ -177,7 +177,7 @@ API should be called with the schema document.
   }

 Argument Presets
-^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

 Argument presets can be used to automatically inject input values for fields
 during execution. This way the field is executed with limited input values. Argument
@ -344,7 +344,7 @@ Args syntax
 .. _RemoteSchemaPermission:

 RemoteSchemaPermission
-&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
+""""""""""""""""""""""

 .. list-table::
   :header-rows: 1
--- a/docs/graphql/core/deployment/graphql-engine-flags/reference.rst
+++ b/docs/graphql/core/deployment/graphql-engine-flags/reference.rst
@ -227,6 +227,16 @@ For the ``serve`` sub-command these are the available flags and ENV variables:
     - ``HASURA_GRAPHQL_ENABLE_REMOTE_SCHEMA_PERMISSIONS``
     - Enable remote schema permissions (default: ``false``)

+   * - ``--infer-function-permissions``
+     - ``HASURA_GRAPHQL_INFER_FUNCTION_PERMISSIONS``
+     - When the ``--infer-function-permissions`` flag is set to ``false``, a function ``f``, stable, immutable or volatile is
+       only exposed for a role ``r`` if there is a permission defined on the function ``f`` for the role ``r``, creating a
+       function permission will only be allowed if there is a select permission on the table type.
+
+       When the ``--infer-function-permissions`` flag is set to ``true`` or the flag is omitted (defaults to ``true``), the
+       permission of the function is inferred from the select permissions from the target table of the function, only for
+       stable/immutable functions. Volatile functions are not exposed to any of the roles in this case.
+
 .. note::

  When the equivalent flags for environment variables are used, the flags will take precedence.
--- a/docs/graphql/core/schema/custom-functions.rst
+++ b/docs/graphql/core/schema/custom-functions.rst
@ -583,3 +583,8 @@ Permissions for custom function queries
 **For example**, in our text-search example above, if the role ``user`` doesn't have the requisite permissions to view
 the table ``article``, a validation error will be thrown if the ``search_articles`` query is run using the ``user``
 role.
+
+.. note::
+
+   When inferring of function permissions is disabled, then there should be a function permission configured for the function to
+   be accessible to a role, otherwise the function is not exposed to the role.
--- a/server/src-exec/Main.hs
+++ b/server/src-exec/Main.hs
@ -101,12 +101,14 @@ runApp env (HGEOptionsG rci metadataDbUrl hgeCmd) = do
          remoteSchemaPermsCtx = RemoteSchemaPermsDisabled
          pgLogger = print
          pgSourceResolver = mkPgSourceResolver pgLogger
-          cacheBuildParams = CacheBuildParams _gcHttpManager sqlGenCtx remoteSchemaPermsCtx pgSourceResolver
+          functionPermsCtx = FunctionPermissionsInferred
+          serverConfigCtx = ServerConfigCtx functionPermsCtx remoteSchemaPermsCtx sqlGenCtx
+          cacheBuildParams = CacheBuildParams _gcHttpManager pgSourceResolver serverConfigCtx
      runManagedT (mkMinimalPool _gcMetadataDbConnInfo) $ \metadataDbPool -> do
        res <- flip runPGMetadataStorageApp (metadataDbPool, pgLogger) $
          runMetadataStorageT $ liftEitherM do
          metadata <- fetchMetadata
-          runAsAdmin sqlGenCtx _gcHttpManager remoteSchemaPermsCtx $ do
+          runAsAdmin sqlGenCtx _gcHttpManager remoteSchemaPermsCtx functionPermsCtx $ do
            schemaCache <- runCacheBuild cacheBuildParams $
                           buildRebuildableSchemaCache env metadata
            execQuery env queryBs
--- a/server/src-lib/Hasura/App.hs
+++ b/server/src-lib/Hasura/App.hs
@ -275,7 +275,7 @@ initialiseServeCtx env GlobalCtx{..} so@ServeOptions{..} = do
  (rebuildableSchemaCache, cacheInitStartTime) <-
    lift . flip onException (flushLogger loggerCtx) $
    migrateCatalogSchema env logger metadataDbPool maybeDefaultSourceConfig _gcHttpManager
-      sqlGenCtx soEnableRemoteSchemaPermissions (mkPgSourceResolver pgLogger)
+      sqlGenCtx soEnableRemoteSchemaPermissions soInferFunctionPermissions (mkPgSourceResolver pgLogger)

  let schemaSyncCtx = SchemaSyncCtx schemaSyncListenerThread schemaSyncEventRef cacheInitStartTime
  pure $ ServeCtx _gcHttpManager instanceId loggers metadataDbPool latch
@ -297,14 +297,19 @@ mkLoggers enabledLogs logLevel = do
 migrateCatalogSchema
  :: (HasVersion, MonadIO m, MonadBaseControl IO m)
  => Env.Environment -> Logger Hasura -> Q.PGPool -> Maybe SourceConfiguration
-  -> HTTP.Manager -> SQLGenCtx -> RemoteSchemaPermsCtx -> SourceResolver
+  -> HTTP.Manager -> SQLGenCtx -> RemoteSchemaPermsCtx -> FunctionPermissionsCtx
+  -> SourceResolver
  -> m (RebuildableSchemaCache, UTCTime)
-migrateCatalogSchema env logger pool defaultSourceConfig httpManager sqlGenCtx remoteSchemaPermsCtx sourceResolver = do
+migrateCatalogSchema env logger pool defaultSourceConfig
+                     httpManager sqlGenCtx remoteSchemaPermsCtx functionPermsCtx
+                     sourceResolver = do
  currentTime <- liftIO Clock.getCurrentTime
  initialiseResult <- runExceptT $ do
    (migrationResult, metadata) <- Q.runTx pool (Q.Serializable, Just Q.ReadWrite) $
                                   migrateCatalog defaultSourceConfig currentTime
-    let cacheBuildParams = CacheBuildParams httpManager sqlGenCtx remoteSchemaPermsCtx sourceResolver
+    let serverConfigCtx = ServerConfigCtx functionPermsCtx remoteSchemaPermsCtx sqlGenCtx
+        cacheBuildParams =
+          CacheBuildParams httpManager sourceResolver serverConfigCtx
        buildReason = case getMigratedFrom migrationResult of
          Nothing      -> CatalogSync
          Just version ->
@ -451,6 +456,7 @@ runHGEServer env ServeOptions{..} ServeCtx{..} initTime postPollHook serverMetri
             _scSchemaCache
             ekgStore
             soEnableRemoteSchemaPermissions
+             soInferFunctionPermissions
             soConnectionOptions
             soWebsocketKeepAlive

@ -462,6 +468,7 @@ runHGEServer env ServeOptions{..} ServeCtx{..} initTime postPollHook serverMetri
  _ <- startSchemaSyncProcessorThread sqlGenCtx
                               logger _scHttpManager _sscSyncEventRef
                               cacheRef _scInstanceId _sscCacheInitStartTime soEnableRemoteSchemaPermissions
+                               soInferFunctionPermissions

  let
    maxEvThrds    = fromMaybe defaultMaxEventThreads soEventsHttpPoolSize
@ -613,10 +620,12 @@ runAsAdmin
  :: SQLGenCtx
  -> HTTP.Manager
  -> RemoteSchemaPermsCtx
+  -> FunctionPermissionsCtx
  -> RunT m a
  -> m (Either QErr a)
-runAsAdmin sqlGenCtx httpManager remoteSchemaPermsCtx m = do
-  let runCtx = RunCtx adminUserInfo httpManager sqlGenCtx remoteSchemaPermsCtx
+runAsAdmin sqlGenCtx httpManager remoteSchemaPermsCtx functionPermsCtx m = do
+  let serverConfigCtx = ServerConfigCtx functionPermsCtx remoteSchemaPermsCtx sqlGenCtx
+      runCtx = RunCtx adminUserInfo httpManager serverConfigCtx
  runExceptT $ peelRun runCtx m

 execQuery
@ -626,10 +635,9 @@ execQuery
     , MonadBaseControl IO m
     , MonadUnique m
     , HasHttpManagerM m
-     , HasSQLGenCtx m
     , UserInfoM m
     , Tracing.MonadTrace m
-     , HasRemoteSchemaPermsCtx m
+     , HasServerConfigCtx m
     , MetadataM m
     , MonadMetadataStorageQueryAPI m
     )
--- a/server/src-lib/Hasura/GraphQL/Schema.hs
+++ b/server/src-lib/Hasura/GraphQL/Schema.hs
@ -77,8 +77,7 @@ buildGQLContext
     , MonadError QErr m
     , MonadIO m
     , MonadUnique m
-     , HasSQLGenCtx m
-     , HasRemoteSchemaPermsCtx m
+     , HasServerConfigCtx m
     )
  => ( GraphQLQueryType
     , SourceCache
@ -92,9 +91,8 @@ buildGQLContext
     )
 buildGQLContext =
  proc (queryType, pgSources, allRemoteSchemas, allActions, nonObjectCustomTypes) -> do
-
-    sqlGenCtx@(SQLGenCtx{ stringifyNum }) <- bindA -< askSQLGenCtx
-    remoteSchemaPermsCtx <- bindA -< askRemoteSchemaPermsCtx
+    ServerConfigCtx functionPermsCtx remoteSchemaPermsCtx sqlGenCtx@(SQLGenCtx stringifyNum) <-
+      bindA -< askServerConfigCtx

    let remoteSchemasRoles = concatMap (Map.keys . _rscPermissions . fst . snd) $ Map.toList allRemoteSchemas

@ -108,7 +106,9 @@ buildGQLContext =
          allRemoteSchemas
          <&> (\(remoteSchemaCtx, _metadataObj) ->
                 (_rscIntro remoteSchemaCtx, _rscParsed remoteSchemaCtx))
-        adminQueryContext = QueryContext stringifyNum queryType adminRemoteRelationshipQueryCtx
+        -- The function permissions context doesn't actually matter because the
+        -- admin will have access to the function anyway
+        adminQueryContext = QueryContext stringifyNum queryType adminRemoteRelationshipQueryCtx FunctionPermissionsInferred

    -- build the admin DB-only context so that we can check against name clashes with remotes
    -- TODO: Is there a better way to check for conflicts without actually building the admin schema?
@ -142,10 +142,10 @@ buildGQLContext =
      ( Set.toMap allRoles & Map.traverseWithKey \roleName () ->
          case queryType of
            QueryHasura ->
-              buildRoleContext (sqlGenCtx, queryType) pgSources allRemoteSchemas allActionInfos
+              buildRoleContext (sqlGenCtx, queryType, functionPermsCtx) pgSources allRemoteSchemas allActionInfos
              nonObjectCustomTypes remotes roleName remoteSchemaPermsCtx
            QueryRelay ->
-              buildRelayRoleContext (sqlGenCtx, queryType) pgSources allActionInfos
+              buildRelayRoleContext (sqlGenCtx, queryType, functionPermsCtx) pgSources allActionInfos
              nonObjectCustomTypes adminMutationRemotes roleName
      )
    unauthenticated <- bindA -< unauthenticatedContext adminQueryRemotes adminMutationRemotes remoteSchemaPermsCtx
@ -187,13 +187,13 @@ buildRoleBasedRemoteSchemaParser role remoteSchemaCache = do
 -- TODO: Integrate relay schema
 buildRoleContext
  :: (MonadError QErr m, MonadIO m, MonadUnique m)
-  => (SQLGenCtx, GraphQLQueryType) -> SourceCache -> RemoteSchemaCache
+  => (SQLGenCtx, GraphQLQueryType, FunctionPermissionsCtx) -> SourceCache -> RemoteSchemaCache
  -> [ActionInfo 'Postgres] -> NonObjectTypeMap
  -> [( RemoteSchemaName , (IntrospectionResult, ParsedIntrospection))]
  -> RoleName
  -> RemoteSchemaPermsCtx
  -> m (RoleContext GQLContext)
-buildRoleContext (SQLGenCtx stringifyNum, queryType) sources
+buildRoleContext (SQLGenCtx stringifyNum, queryType, functionPermsCtx) sources
  allRemoteSchemas allActionInfos nonObjectCustomTypes remotes roleName remoteSchemaPermsCtx = do

  roleBasedRemoteSchemas <-
@ -206,7 +206,7 @@ buildRoleContext (SQLGenCtx stringifyNum, queryType) sources
  let queryRemotes    = getQueryRemotes $ snd . snd <$> roleBasedRemoteSchemas
      mutationRemotes = getMutationRemotes $ snd . snd <$> roleBasedRemoteSchemas
      remoteRelationshipQueryContext = Map.fromList roleBasedRemoteSchemas
-      roleQueryContext = QueryContext stringifyNum queryType remoteRelationshipQueryContext
+      roleQueryContext = QueryContext stringifyNum queryType remoteRelationshipQueryContext functionPermsCtx

  runMonadSchema roleName roleQueryContext sources $ do
    let pgSources = mapMaybe unsafeSourceInfo $ toList sources
@ -252,7 +252,6 @@ buildRoleContext (SQLGenCtx stringifyNum, queryType) sources
        -> [P.FieldParser (P.ParseT Identity) RemoteField]
      getMutationRemotes = concatMap (concat . piMutation)

-
 buildFullestDBSchema
  :: (MonadError QErr m, MonadIO m, MonadUnique m)
  => QueryContext -> SourceCache -> [ActionInfo 'Postgres] -> NonObjectTypeMap
@ -287,16 +286,16 @@ buildFullestDBSchema queryContext sources allActionInfos nonObjectCustomTypes =

 buildRelayRoleContext
  :: (MonadError QErr m, MonadIO m, MonadUnique m)
-  => (SQLGenCtx, GraphQLQueryType) -> SourceCache -> [ActionInfo 'Postgres] -> NonObjectTypeMap
+  => (SQLGenCtx, GraphQLQueryType, FunctionPermissionsCtx) -> SourceCache -> [ActionInfo 'Postgres] -> NonObjectTypeMap
  -> [P.FieldParser (P.ParseT Identity) RemoteField]
  -> RoleName
  -> m (RoleContext GQLContext)
-buildRelayRoleContext (SQLGenCtx stringifyNum, queryType) sources
+buildRelayRoleContext (SQLGenCtx stringifyNum, queryType, functionPermsCtx) sources
  allActionInfos nonObjectCustomTypes mutationRemotes roleName =
  -- TODO: At the time of writing this, remote schema queries are not supported in relay.
  -- When they are supported, we should get do what `buildRoleContext` does. Since, they
  -- are not supported yet, we use `mempty` below for `RemoteRelationshipQueryContext`.
-  let roleQueryContext = QueryContext stringifyNum queryType mempty
+  let roleQueryContext = QueryContext stringifyNum queryType mempty functionPermsCtx
  in

  runMonadSchema roleName roleQueryContext sources $ do
@ -432,6 +431,8 @@ buildQueryFields
  -> [FunctionInfo b]
  -> m [P.FieldParser n (QueryRootField (UnpreparedValue b))]
 buildQueryFields sourceName sourceConfig tables (takeExposedAs FEAQuery id -> functions) = do
+  functionPermsCtx <- asks $ qcFunctionPermsContext . getter
+  roleName <- askRoleName
  tableSelectExpParsers <- for tables \(table, _tableInfo) -> do
    selectPerms <- tableSelectPermissions table
    customRootFields <- _tcCustomRootFields . _tciCustomConfig . _tiCoreInfo <$> askTableInfo @'Postgres table
@ -447,32 +448,38 @@ buildQueryFields sourceName sourceConfig tables (takeExposedAs FEAQuery id -> fu
        , mapMaybeFieldParser (asDbRootField . QDBPrimaryKey)  $ selectTableByPk      table (fromMaybe pkName       $ _tcrfSelectByPk      customRootFields) (Just pkDesc)     perms
        , mapMaybeFieldParser (asDbRootField . QDBAggregation) $ selectTableAggregate table (fromMaybe aggName      $ _tcrfSelectAggregate customRootFields) (Just aggDesc)    perms
        ]
-  functionSelectExpParsers <- for functions \function -> do
-    let targetTable = fiReturnType function
-        functionName = fiName function
-    selectPerms <- tableSelectPermissions targetTable
-    for selectPerms \perms -> do
-      displayName <- functionGraphQLName @b functionName `onLeft` throwError
-      let functionDesc = G.Description $ "execute function " <> functionName <<> " which returns " <>> targetTable
-          aggName = displayName <> $$(G.litName "_aggregate")
-          aggDesc = G.Description $ "execute function " <> functionName <<> " and query aggregates on result of table type " <>> targetTable
-      catMaybes <$> sequenceA
-        [ requiredFieldParser (asDbRootField . QDBSimple)      $ selectFunction          function displayName (Just functionDesc) perms
-        , mapMaybeFieldParser (asDbRootField . QDBAggregation) $ selectFunctionAggregate function aggName     (Just aggDesc)      perms
-        ]
+  functionSelectExpParsers <- for functions \function -> runMaybeT $ do
+    let targetTable = _fiReturnType function
+        functionName = _fiName function
+    selectPerms <- lift $ tableSelectPermissions targetTable
+    perms <- hoistMaybe selectPerms
+    when (functionPermsCtx == FunctionPermissionsManual) $
+      -- see Note [Function Permissions]
+      guard $ roleName == adminRoleName || roleName `elem` (_fiPermissions function)
+    displayName <- functionGraphQLName @b functionName `onLeft` throwError
+    let functionDesc = G.Description $ "execute function " <> functionName <<> " which returns " <>> targetTable
+        aggName = displayName <> $$(G.litName "_aggregate")
+        aggDesc = G.Description $ "execute function " <> functionName <<> " and query aggregates on result of table type " <>> targetTable
+    catMaybes <$> sequenceA
+      [ requiredFieldParser (asDbRootField . QDBSimple)      $ lift $ selectFunction          function displayName (Just functionDesc) perms
+      , mapMaybeFieldParser (asDbRootField . QDBAggregation) $ lift $ selectFunctionAggregate function aggName     (Just aggDesc)      perms
+      ]
  pure $ (concat . catMaybes) (tableSelectExpParsers <> functionSelectExpParsers)
  where
    asDbRootField =
      let pgExecCtx = PG._pscExecCtx sourceConfig
      in RFDB sourceName pgExecCtx

-    mapMaybeFieldParser :: (a -> a') -> m (Maybe (P.FieldParser n a)) -> m (Maybe (P.FieldParser n a'))
-    mapMaybeFieldParser f = fmap $ fmap $ fmap f
-
 requiredFieldParser
  :: (Functor n, Functor m)=> (a -> b) -> m (P.FieldParser n a) -> m (Maybe (P.FieldParser n b))
 requiredFieldParser f = fmap $ Just . fmap f

+mapMaybeFieldParser
+  :: (Functor n, Functor m)
+  => (a -> b)
+  -> m (Maybe (P.FieldParser n a))
+  -> m (Maybe (P.FieldParser n b))
+mapMaybeFieldParser f = fmap $ fmap $ fmap f

 -- | Includes remote schema fields and actions
 buildActionQueryFields
@ -536,8 +543,8 @@ buildRelayPostgresQueryFields sourceName sourceConfig allTables (takeExposedAs F
    lift $ selectTableConnection table fieldName fieldDesc pkeyColumns selectPerms

  functionConnectionFields <- for queryFunctions $ \function -> runMaybeT do
-    let returnTable = fiReturnType function
-        functionName = fiName function
+    let returnTable = _fiReturnType function
+        functionName = _fiName function
    pkeyColumns <- MaybeT $ (^? tiCoreInfo.tciPrimaryKey._Just.pkColumns)
                   <$> askTableInfo returnTable
    selectPerms <- MaybeT $ tableSelectPermissions returnTable
@ -762,24 +769,34 @@ buildMutationParser
  -> m (Maybe (Parser 'Output n (OMap.InsOrdHashMap G.Name (MutationRootField (UnpreparedValue 'Postgres)))))
 buildMutationParser allRemotes allActions nonObjectCustomTypes
    (takeExposedAs FEAMutation fst -> mutationFunctions) pgMutationFields = do
-
+  roleName <- askRoleName
+  functionPermsCtx <- asks $ qcFunctionPermsContext . getter
   -- NOTE: this is basically copied from functionSelectExpParsers body
-  functionMutationExpParsers <- for mutationFunctions \(function@FunctionInfo{..}, (sourceName, sourceConfig)) -> do
-    selectPerms <- tableSelectPermissions fiReturnType
-    for selectPerms \perms -> do
-      displayName <- PG.qualifiedObjectToName fiName
-      let functionDesc = G.Description $
-            "execute VOLATILE function " <> fiName <<> " which returns " <>> fiReturnType
-          asDbRootField =
-            let pgExecCtx = PG._pscExecCtx sourceConfig
-            in RFDB sourceName pgExecCtx
+  functionMutationExpParsers <-
+    case functionPermsCtx of
+      -- when function permissions are inferred, we don't expose the
+      -- mutation functions. See Note [Function Permissions]
+      FunctionPermissionsInferred -> pure []
+      FunctionPermissionsManual ->
+        for mutationFunctions \(function@FunctionInfo{..}, (sourceName, sourceConfig)) -> runMaybeT do
+          selectPerms <- lift $ tableSelectPermissions _fiReturnType
+          -- A function exposed as mutation must have a function permission
+          -- configured for the role. See Note [Function Permissions]
+          guard $ roleName == adminRoleName || roleName `elem` _fiPermissions
+          perms <- hoistMaybe selectPerms
+          displayName <- PG.qualifiedObjectToName _fiName
+          let functionDesc = G.Description $
+                "execute VOLATILE function " <> _fiName <<> " which returns " <>> _fiReturnType
+              asDbRootField =
+                let pgExecCtx = PG._pscExecCtx sourceConfig
+                in RFDB sourceName pgExecCtx

-      catMaybes <$> sequenceA
-        [ requiredFieldParser (asDbRootField . MDBFunction) $
-            selectFunction function displayName (Just functionDesc) perms
-        -- FWIW: The equivalent of this is possible for mutations; do we want that?:
-        -- , mapMaybeFieldParser (asDbRootField . QDBAggregation) $ selectFunctionAggregate function aggName     (Just aggDesc)      perms
-        ]
+          catMaybes <$> sequenceA
+            [ requiredFieldParser (asDbRootField . MDBFunction) $
+                lift $ selectFunction function displayName (Just functionDesc) perms
+            -- FWIW: The equivalent of this is possible for mutations; do we want that?:
+            -- , mapMaybeFieldParser (asDbRootField . QDBAggregation) $ selectFunctionAggregate function aggName     (Just aggDesc)      perms
+            ]

  actionParsers <- for allActions $ \actionInfo ->
    case _adType (_aiDefinition actionInfo) of
@ -804,7 +821,7 @@ buildMutationParser allRemotes allActions nonObjectCustomTypes
 -- local helpers

 takeExposedAs :: FunctionExposedAs -> (a -> FunctionInfo b) -> [a] -> [a]
-takeExposedAs x f = filter ((== x) . fiExposedAs . f)
+takeExposedAs x f = filter ((== x) . _fiExposedAs . f)

 subscriptionRoot :: G.Name
 subscriptionRoot = $$(G.litName "subscription_root")
--- a/server/src-lib/Hasura/GraphQL/Schema/Common.hs
+++ b/server/src-lib/Hasura/GraphQL/Schema/Common.hs
@ -33,6 +33,7 @@ data QueryContext =
  { qcStringifyNum              :: !Bool
  , qcQueryType                 :: !ET.GraphQLQueryType
  , qcRemoteRelationshipContext :: !(HashMap RemoteSchemaName (IntrospectionResult, ParsedIntrospection))
+  , qcFunctionPermsContext      :: !FunctionPermissionsCtx
  }

 textToName :: MonadError QErr m => Text -> m G.Name
@ -129,4 +130,4 @@ takeValidTables = Map.filterWithKey graphQLTableFilter . Map.filter tableFilter
 takeValidFunctions :: forall b. FunctionCache b -> [FunctionInfo b]
 takeValidFunctions = Map.elems . Map.filter functionFilter
  where
-    functionFilter = not . isSystemDefined . fiSystemDefined
+    functionFilter = not . isSystemDefined . _fiSystemDefined
--- a/server/src-lib/Hasura/GraphQL/Schema/Select.hs
+++ b/server/src-lib/Hasura/GraphQL/Schema/Select.hs
@ -464,7 +464,7 @@ selectFunction
  -> m (FieldParser n (SelectExp b))
 selectFunction function fieldName description selectPermissions = do
  stringifyNum <- asks $ qcStringifyNum . getter
-  let table = fiReturnType function
+  let table = _fiReturnType function
  tableArgsParser    <- tableArgs table selectPermissions
  functionArgsParser <- customSQLFunctionArgs function
  selectionSetParser <- tableSelectionList table selectPermissions
@ -472,7 +472,7 @@ selectFunction function fieldName description selectPermissions = do
  pure $ P.subselection fieldName description argsParser selectionSetParser
    <&> \((funcArgs, tableArgs'), fields) -> IR.AnnSelectG
      { IR._asnFields   = fields
-      , IR._asnFrom     = IR.FromFunction (fiName function) funcArgs Nothing
+      , IR._asnFrom     = IR.FromFunction (_fiName function) funcArgs Nothing
      , IR._asnPerm     = tablePermissionsInfo selectPermissions
      , IR._asnArgs     = tableArgs'
      , IR._asnStrfyNum = stringifyNum
@ -492,7 +492,7 @@ selectFunctionAggregate
  -> SelPermInfo b        -- ^ select permissions of the target table
  -> m (Maybe (FieldParser n (AggSelectExp b)))
 selectFunctionAggregate function fieldName description selectPermissions = runMaybeT do
-  let table = fiReturnType function
+  let table = _fiReturnType function
  stringifyNum <- asks $ qcStringifyNum . getter
  guard $ spiAllowAgg selectPermissions
  tableGQLName <- getTableGQLName @b table
@ -511,7 +511,7 @@ selectFunctionAggregate function fieldName description selectPermissions = runMa
  pure $ P.subselection fieldName description argsParser aggregationParser
    <&> \((funcArgs, tableArgs'), fields) -> IR.AnnSelectG
      { IR._asnFields   = fields
-      , IR._asnFrom     = IR.FromFunction (fiName function) funcArgs Nothing
+      , IR._asnFrom     = IR.FromFunction (_fiName function) funcArgs Nothing
      , IR._asnPerm     = tablePermissionsInfo selectPermissions
      , IR._asnArgs     = tableArgs'
      , IR._asnStrfyNum = stringifyNum
@ -532,7 +532,7 @@ selectFunctionConnection
  -> m (FieldParser n (ConnectionSelectExp 'Postgres))
 selectFunctionConnection function fieldName description pkeyColumns selectPermissions = do
  stringifyNum <- asks $ qcStringifyNum . getter
-  let table = fiReturnType function
+  let table = _fiReturnType function
  tableConnectionArgsParser <- tableConnectionArgs pkeyColumns table selectPermissions
  functionArgsParser <- customSQLFunctionArgs function
  selectionSetParser <- tableConnectionSelectionSet table selectPermissions
@ -544,7 +544,7 @@ selectFunctionConnection function fieldName description pkeyColumns selectPermis
      , IR._csSlice = slice
      , IR._csSelect = IR.AnnSelectG
        { IR._asnFields   = fields
-        , IR._asnFrom     = IR.FromFunction (fiName function) funcArgs Nothing
+        , IR._asnFrom     = IR.FromFunction (_fiName function) funcArgs Nothing
        , IR._asnPerm     = tablePermissionsInfo selectPermissions
        , IR._asnArgs     = args
        , IR._asnStrfyNum = stringifyNum
@ -1130,7 +1130,7 @@ customSQLFunctionArgs
  :: (BackendSchema b, MonadSchema n m, MonadTableInfo r m)
  => FunctionInfo b
  -> m (InputFieldsParser n (IR.FunctionArgsExpTableRow b (UnpreparedValue b)))
-customSQLFunctionArgs FunctionInfo{..} = functionArgs fiName fiInputArgs
+customSQLFunctionArgs FunctionInfo{..} = functionArgs _fiName _fiInputArgs

 -- | Parses the arguments to the underlying sql function of a computed field or
 --   a custom function. All arguments to the underlying sql function are parsed
--- a/server/src-lib/Hasura/RQL/DDL/EventTrigger.hs
+++ b/server/src-lib/Hasura/RQL/DDL/EventTrigger.hs
@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ pgIdenTrigger op trn = pgFmtIdentifier . qualifyTriggerName op $ triggerNameToTx
    qualifyTriggerName op' trn' = "notify_hasura_" <> trn' <> "_" <> tshow op'

 mkAllTriggersQ
-  :: (MonadTx m, HasSQLGenCtx m)
+  :: (MonadTx m, HasServerConfigCtx m)
  => TriggerName
  -> QualifiedTable
  -> [ColumnInfo 'Postgres]
@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ mkAllTriggersQ trn qt allCols fullspec = do
  onJust (tdDelete fullspec) (mkTriggerQ trn qt allCols DELETE)

 mkTriggerQ
-  :: (MonadTx m, HasSQLGenCtx m)
+  :: (MonadTx m, HasServerConfigCtx m)
  => TriggerName
  -> QualifiedTable
  -> [ColumnInfo 'Postgres]
@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ mkTriggerQ
  -> SubscribeOpSpec
  -> m ()
 mkTriggerQ trn qt@(QualifiedObject schema table) allCols op (SubscribeOpSpec columns payload) = do
-  strfyNum <- stringifyNum <$> askSQLGenCtx
+  strfyNum <- stringifyNum . _sccSQLGenCtx <$> askServerConfigCtx
  liftTx $ Q.multiQE defaultTxErrorHandler $ Q.fromText . TL.toStrict $
    let payloadColumns = fromMaybe SubCStar payload
        mkQId opVar colInfo = toJSONableExp strfyNum (pgiType colInfo) False $
@ -255,7 +255,7 @@ runCreateEventTriggerQuery q = do
 -- transaction as soon as after @'runCreateEventTriggerQuery' is called and
 -- in building schema cache.
 createPostgresTableEventTrigger
-  :: (MonadTx m, HasSQLGenCtx m)
+  :: (MonadTx m, HasServerConfigCtx m)
  => QualifiedTable
  -> [ColumnInfo 'Postgres]
  -> TriggerName
--- a/server/src-lib/Hasura/RQL/DDL/Metadata.hs
+++ b/server/src-lib/Hasura/RQL/DDL/Metadata.hs
@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ import qualified Data.HashMap.Strict.InsOrd        as OMap
 import qualified Data.HashSet                      as HS
 import qualified Data.List                         as L

-import           Control.Lens                      ((^?))
+import           Control.Lens                      ((.~), (^?))
 import           Data.Aeson

 import           Hasura.Metadata.Class
@ -108,11 +108,38 @@ runReplaceMetadata replaceMetadata = do

  pure successMsg

+
 runExportMetadata
-  :: (MetadataM m)
+  :: forall m . ( QErrM m, MetadataM m, HasServerConfigCtx m)
  => ExportMetadata -> m EncJSON
-runExportMetadata _ =
-  AO.toEncJSON . metadataToOrdJSON <$> getMetadata
+runExportMetadata _ = do
+  functionPermsCtx <- _sccFunctionPermsCtx <$> askServerConfigCtx
+  metadata         <- getMetadata
+  exportMetadata   <- processFunctionPermissions functionPermsCtx metadata
+  pure $ AO.toEncJSON . metadataToOrdJSON $ exportMetadata
+  where
+    -- | when FunctionPermissionsCtx is set to `FunctionPermissionsInferred`
+    --   we don't export the function permissions to the exported metadata
+    --   Note: Please **do not** make this function public as this is only meant
+    --   to be used while exporting metadata i.e. we don't intend on deleting
+    --   any function permissions that may exist in the DB, we simply hide it
+    --   from the user.
+    processFunctionPermissions :: FunctionPermissionsCtx -> Metadata -> m Metadata
+    processFunctionPermissions FunctionPermissionsManual metadata = pure metadata
+    processFunctionPermissions FunctionPermissionsInferred metadata =
+      let sources = OMap.keys $ _metaSources metadata
+      in foldrM clearFunctionPermission metadata sources
+      where
+        clearFunctionPermission sourceName accumulatedMetadata = do
+          let sourceFunctions =
+                OMap.keys . _smFunctions <$> OMap.lookup sourceName (_metaSources accumulatedMetadata)
+          functions <- onNothing sourceFunctions (throw500 "unexpected: runExportMetadata - source not found")
+          pure $ foldr
+                 (\functionName md ->
+                    ((metaSources.ix sourceName.smFunctions.ix functionName.fmPermissions .~ mempty) md))
+                 accumulatedMetadata
+                 functions
+

 runReloadMetadata :: (QErrM m, CacheRWM m, MetadataM m) => ReloadMetadata -> m EncJSON
 runReloadMetadata (ReloadMetadata reloadRemoteSchemas reloadSources) = do
@ -177,7 +204,8 @@ purgeMetadataObj = \case
        MTOTrigger trn           -> dropEventTriggerInMetadata trn
        MTOComputedField ccn     -> dropComputedFieldInMetadata ccn
        MTORemoteRelationship rn -> dropRemoteRelationshipInMetadata rn
-    SMOFunction qf                              -> dropFunctionInMetadata source qf
+    SMOFunction qf                           -> dropFunctionInMetadata source qf
+    SMOFunctionPermission qf rn              -> dropFunctionPermissionInMetadata source qf rn
  MORemoteSchema rsn                         -> dropRemoteSchemaInMetadata rsn
  MORemoteSchemaPermissions rsName role      -> dropRemoteSchemaPermissionInMetadata rsName role
  MOCustomTypes                              -> clearCustomTypesInMetadata
--- a/server/src-lib/Hasura/RQL/DDL/Metadata/Generator.hs
+++ b/server/src-lib/Hasura/RQL/DDL/Metadata/Generator.hs
@ -64,6 +64,9 @@ instance Arbitrary MetadataVersion where
 instance Arbitrary FunctionMetadata where
  arbitrary = genericArbitrary

+instance Arbitrary FunctionPermissionMetadata where
+  arbitrary = genericArbitrary
+
 instance Arbitrary PostgresPoolSettings where
  arbitrary = genericArbitrary

--- a/server/src-lib/Hasura/RQL/DDL/RemoteSchema.hs
+++ b/server/src-lib/Hasura/RQL/DDL/RemoteSchema.hs
@ -56,13 +56,13 @@ runAddRemoteSchema env q@(AddRemoteSchemaQuery name defn comment) = do
 runAddRemoteSchemaPermissions
  :: ( QErrM m
     , CacheRWM m
-     , HasRemoteSchemaPermsCtx m
+     , HasServerConfigCtx m
     , MetadataM m
     )
  => AddRemoteSchemaPermissions
  -> m EncJSON
 runAddRemoteSchemaPermissions q = do
-  remoteSchemaPermsCtx <- askRemoteSchemaPermsCtx
+  remoteSchemaPermsCtx <- _sccRemoteSchemaPermsCtx <$> askServerConfigCtx
  unless (remoteSchemaPermsCtx == RemoteSchemaPermsEnabled) $ do
    throw400 ConstraintViolation
      $ "remote schema permissions can only be added when "
--- a/server/src-lib/Hasura/RQL/DDL/Schema.hs
+++ b/server/src-lib/Hasura/RQL/DDL/Schema.hs
@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ isSchemaCacheBuildRequiredRunSQL RunSQL {..} =
        { TDFA.captureGroups = False }
        "\\balter\\b|\\bdrop\\b|\\breplace\\b|\\bcreate function\\b|\\bcomment on\\b")

-runRunSQL :: (MonadIO m, MonadBaseControl IO m, MonadError QErr m, CacheRWM m, HasSQLGenCtx m, MetadataM m)
+runRunSQL :: (MonadIO m, MonadBaseControl IO m, MonadError QErr m, CacheRWM m, HasServerConfigCtx m, MetadataM m)
  => RunSQL -> m EncJSON
 runRunSQL q@RunSQL {..}
  -- see Note [Checking metadata consistency in run_sql]
--- a/server/src-lib/Hasura/RQL/DDL/Schema/Cache.hs
+++ b/server/src-lib/Hasura/RQL/DDL/Schema/Cache.hs
@ -92,8 +92,8 @@ newtype CacheRWT m a
  = CacheRWT (StateT (RebuildableSchemaCache, CacheInvalidations) m a)
  deriving
    ( Functor, Applicative, Monad, MonadIO, MonadUnique, MonadReader r, MonadError e, MonadTx
-    , UserInfoM, HasHttpManagerM, HasSQLGenCtx, HasSystemDefined, MonadMetadataStorage
-    , MonadMetadataStorageQueryAPI, HasRemoteSchemaPermsCtx, Tracing.MonadTrace)
+    , UserInfoM, HasHttpManagerM, HasSystemDefined, MonadMetadataStorage
+    , MonadMetadataStorageQueryAPI, Tracing.MonadTrace, HasServerConfigCtx)

 deriving instance (MonadBase IO m) => MonadBase IO (CacheRWT m)
 deriving instance (MonadBaseControl IO m) => MonadBaseControl IO (CacheRWT m)
@ -110,8 +110,8 @@ instance MonadTrans CacheRWT where
 instance (Monad m) => CacheRM (CacheRWT m) where
  askSchemaCache = CacheRWT $ gets (lastBuiltSchemaCache . (^. _1))

-instance (MonadIO m, MonadError QErr m, HasHttpManagerM m, HasSQLGenCtx m
-         , HasRemoteSchemaPermsCtx m, MonadResolveSource m) => CacheRWM (CacheRWT m) where
+instance (MonadIO m, MonadError QErr m, HasHttpManagerM m
+         , MonadResolveSource m, HasServerConfigCtx m) => CacheRWM (CacheRWT m) where
  buildSchemaCacheWithOptions buildReason invalidations metadata = CacheRWT do
    (RebuildableSchemaCache _ invalidationKeys rule, oldInvalidations) <- get
    let newInvalidationKeys = invalidateKeys invalidations invalidationKeys
@ -134,7 +134,8 @@ buildSchemaCacheRule
  -- what we want!
  :: ( HasVersion, ArrowChoice arr, Inc.ArrowDistribute arr, Inc.ArrowCache m arr
     , MonadIO m, MonadUnique m, MonadBaseControl IO m, MonadError QErr m
-     , MonadReader BuildReason m, HasHttpManagerM m, HasSQLGenCtx m , HasRemoteSchemaPermsCtx m, MonadResolveSource m)
+     , MonadReader BuildReason m, HasHttpManagerM m, MonadResolveSource m
+     , HasServerConfigCtx m)
  => Env.Environment
  -> (Metadata, InvalidationKeys) `arr` SchemaCache
 buildSchemaCacheRule env = proc (metadata, invalidationKeys) -> do
@ -216,7 +217,7 @@ buildSchemaCacheRule env = proc (metadata, invalidationKeys) -> do
    buildSource
      :: ( ArrowChoice arr, Inc.ArrowDistribute arr, Inc.ArrowCache m arr
         , ArrowWriter (Seq CollectedInfo) arr, MonadBaseControl IO m
-         , HasSQLGenCtx m, MonadIO m, MonadError QErr m, MonadReader BuildReason m)
+         , HasServerConfigCtx m, MonadIO m, MonadError QErr m, MonadReader BuildReason m)
      => ( SourceMetadata
         , SourceConfig 'Postgres
         , DBTablesMetadata 'Postgres
@ -259,7 +260,7 @@ buildSchemaCacheRule env = proc (metadata, invalidationKeys) -> do

      -- sql functions
      functionCache <- (mapFromL _fmFunction (OMap.elems functions) >- returnA)
-        >-> (| Inc.keyed (\_ (FunctionMetadata qf config) -> do
+        >-> (| Inc.keyed (\_ (FunctionMetadata qf config funcPermissions) -> do
                 let systemDefined = SystemDefined False
                     definition = toJSON $ TrackFunction qf
                     metadataObject = MetadataObject (MOSourceObjId source $ SMOFunction qf) definition
@ -269,7 +270,7 @@ buildSchemaCacheRule env = proc (metadata, invalidationKeys) -> do
                    (| modifyErrA (do
                         let funcDefs = fromMaybe [] $ M.lookup qf pgFunctions
                         rawfi <- bindErrorA -< handleMultipleFunctions qf funcDefs
-                         (fi, dep) <- bindErrorA -< mkFunctionInfo source qf systemDefined config rawfi
+                         (fi, dep) <- bindErrorA -< mkFunctionInfo source qf systemDefined config funcPermissions rawfi
                         recordDependencies -< (metadataObject, schemaObject, [dep])
                         returnA -< fi)
                    |) addFunctionContext)
@ -282,7 +283,7 @@ buildSchemaCacheRule env = proc (metadata, invalidationKeys) -> do
      :: ( ArrowChoice arr, Inc.ArrowDistribute arr, Inc.ArrowCache m arr
         , ArrowWriter (Seq CollectedInfo) arr, MonadIO m, MonadUnique m, MonadError QErr m
         , MonadReader BuildReason m, MonadBaseControl IO m
-         , HasHttpManagerM m, HasSQLGenCtx m, MonadResolveSource m)
+         , HasHttpManagerM m, HasServerConfigCtx m, MonadResolveSource m)
      => (Metadata, Inc.Dependency InvalidationKeys) `arr` BuildOutputs 'Postgres
    buildAndCollectInfo = proc (metadata, invalidationKeys) -> do
      let Metadata sources remoteSchemas collections allowlists
@ -466,7 +467,7 @@ buildSchemaCacheRule env = proc (metadata, invalidationKeys) -> do
    buildTableEventTriggers
      :: ( ArrowChoice arr, Inc.ArrowDistribute arr, ArrowWriter (Seq CollectedInfo) arr
         , Inc.ArrowCache m arr, MonadIO m, MonadError QErr m, MonadBaseControl IO m
-         , MonadReader BuildReason m, HasSQLGenCtx m)
+         , MonadReader BuildReason m, HasServerConfigCtx m)
      => ( SourceName, SourceConfig 'Postgres, TableCoreInfo 'Postgres
         , [EventTriggerConf], Inc.Dependency Inc.InvalidationKey
         ) `arr` EventTriggerInfoMap
@ -562,7 +563,7 @@ buildSchemaCacheRule env = proc (metadata, invalidationKeys) -> do
 -- result. If it did, it checks to ensure the changes do not violate any integrity constraints, and
 -- if not, incorporates them into the schema cache.
 withMetadataCheck
-  :: (MonadIO m, MonadBaseControl IO m, MonadError QErr m, CacheRWM m, HasSQLGenCtx m, MetadataM m)
+  :: (MonadIO m, MonadBaseControl IO m, MonadError QErr m, CacheRWM m, HasServerConfigCtx m, MetadataM m)
  => SourceName -> Bool -> Q.TxAccess -> LazyTxT QErr m a -> m a
 withMetadataCheck source cascade txAccess action = do
  SourceInfo _ preActionTables preActionFunctions sourceConfig <- askSourceInfo source
--- a/server/src-lib/Hasura/RQL/DDL/Schema/Cache/Common.hs
+++ b/server/src-lib/Hasura/RQL/DDL/Schema/Cache/Common.hs
@ -117,10 +117,9 @@ $(makeLenses ''BuildOutputs)
 -- | Parameters required for schema cache build
 data CacheBuildParams
  = CacheBuildParams
-  { _cbpManager              :: !HTTP.Manager
-  , _cbpSqlGenCtx            :: !SQLGenCtx
-  , _cbpRemoteSchemaPermsCtx :: !RemoteSchemaPermsCtx
-  , _cbpSourceResolver       :: !SourceResolver
+  { _cbpManager         :: !HTTP.Manager
+  , _cbpSourceResolver  :: !SourceResolver
+  , _cbpServerConfigCtx :: !ServerConfigCtx
  }

 -- | The monad in which @'RebuildableSchemaCache' is being run
@ -138,11 +137,8 @@ newtype CacheBuild a
 instance HTTP.HasHttpManagerM CacheBuild where
  askHttpManager = asks _cbpManager

-instance HasSQLGenCtx CacheBuild where
-  askSQLGenCtx = asks _cbpSqlGenCtx
-
-instance HasRemoteSchemaPermsCtx CacheBuild where
-  askRemoteSchemaPermsCtx = asks _cbpRemoteSchemaPermsCtx
+instance HasServerConfigCtx CacheBuild where
+  askServerConfigCtx = asks _cbpServerConfigCtx

 instance MonadResolveSource CacheBuild where
  getSourceResolver = asks _cbpSourceResolver
@ -160,17 +156,15 @@ runCacheBuildM
  :: ( MonadIO m
     , MonadError QErr m
     , HTTP.HasHttpManagerM m
-     , HasSQLGenCtx m
-     , HasRemoteSchemaPermsCtx m
+     , HasServerConfigCtx m
     , MonadResolveSource m
     )
  => CacheBuild a -> m a
 runCacheBuildM m = do
  params <- CacheBuildParams
            <$> HTTP.askHttpManager
-            <*> askSQLGenCtx
-            <*> askRemoteSchemaPermsCtx
            <*> getSourceResolver
+            <*> askServerConfigCtx
  runCacheBuild params m

 data RebuildableSchemaCache
--- a/server/src-lib/Hasura/RQL/DDL/Schema/Cache/Dependencies.hs
+++ b/server/src-lib/Hasura/RQL/DDL/Schema/Cache/Dependencies.hs
@ -156,6 +156,8 @@ deleteMetadataObject = \case
    deleteObjFn = \case
      SMOTable    name -> siTables    %~ M.delete name
      SMOFunction name -> siFunctions %~ M.delete name
+      SMOFunctionPermission functionName role ->
+        siFunctions.ix functionName.fiPermissions %~ HS.delete role
      SMOTableObj tableName tableObjectId -> siTables.ix tableName %~ case tableObjectId of
        MTORel name _              -> tiCoreInfo.tciFieldInfoMap %~ M.delete (fromRel name)
        MTOComputedField name      -> tiCoreInfo.tciFieldInfoMap %~ M.delete (fromComputedField name)
--- a/server/src-lib/Hasura/RQL/DDL/Schema/Function.hs
+++ b/server/src-lib/Hasura/RQL/DDL/Schema/Function.hs
@ -7,7 +7,9 @@ module Hasura.RQL.DDL.Schema.Function where
 import           Hasura.Prelude

 import qualified Control.Monad.Validate             as MV
+import qualified Data.HashMap.Strict                as Map
 import qualified Data.HashMap.Strict.InsOrd         as OMap
+import qualified Data.HashSet                       as Set
 import qualified Data.Sequence                      as Seq
 import qualified Data.Text                          as T
 import qualified Database.PG.Query                  as Q
@ -24,6 +26,7 @@ import           Hasura.EncJSON
 import           Hasura.RQL.Types
 import           Hasura.Server.Utils                (englishList, makeReasonMessage)

+import           Hasura.Session

 mkFunctionArgs :: Int -> [QualifiedPGType] -> [FunctionArgName] -> [FunctionArg 'Postgres]
 mkFunctionArgs defArgsNo tys argNames =
@ -69,9 +72,10 @@ mkFunctionInfo
  -> QualifiedFunction
  -> SystemDefined
  -> FunctionConfig
+  -> [FunctionPermissionMetadata]
  -> RawFunctionInfo
  -> m (FunctionInfo 'Postgres, SchemaDependency)
-mkFunctionInfo source qf systemDefined FunctionConfig{..} rawFuncInfo =
+mkFunctionInfo source qf systemDefined FunctionConfig{..} permissions rawFuncInfo =
  either (throw400 NotSupported . showErrors) pure
    =<< MV.runValidateT validateFunction
  where
@ -113,8 +117,10 @@ mkFunctionInfo source qf systemDefined FunctionConfig{..} rawFuncInfo =
      inputArguments <- makeInputArguments

      let retTable = typeToTable returnType
+          functionInfo =
+            FunctionInfo qf systemDefined funVol exposeAs inputArguments retTable descM (Set.fromList $ _fpmRole <$> permissions)

-      pure ( FunctionInfo qf systemDefined funVol exposeAs inputArguments retTable descM
+      pure ( functionInfo
           , SchemaDependency (SOSourceObj source $ SOITable retTable) DRTable
           )

@ -183,7 +189,7 @@ trackFunctionP2 sourceName qf config = do
  buildSchemaCacheFor (MOSourceObjId sourceName $ SMOFunction qf)
    $ MetadataModifier
    $ metaSources.ix sourceName.smFunctions
-      %~ OMap.insert qf (FunctionMetadata qf config)
+      %~ OMap.insert qf (FunctionMetadata qf config mempty)
  pure successMsg

 handleMultipleFunctions :: (QErrM m) => QualifiedFunction -> [a] -> m a
@ -240,14 +246,19 @@ instance FromJSON UnTrackFunction where
                   UnTrackFunction <$> o .: "table"
                                   <*> o .:? "source" .!= defaultSource

+askPGFunctionInfo
+  :: (CacheRM m, MonadError QErr m)
+  => SourceName -> QualifiedFunction -> m (FunctionInfo 'Postgres)
+askPGFunctionInfo source functionName = do
+  sourceCache <- scPostgres <$> askSchemaCache
+  unsafeFunctionInfo @'Postgres source functionName sourceCache
+    `onNothing` throw400 NotExists ("function " <> functionName <<> " not found in the cache")
+
 runUntrackFunc
  :: (CacheRWM m, MonadError QErr m, MetadataM m)
  => UnTrackFunction -> m EncJSON
 runUntrackFunc (UnTrackFunction functionName sourceName) = do
-  schemaCache <- askSchemaCache
-  unsafeFunctionInfo @'Postgres sourceName functionName (scPostgres schemaCache)
-    `onNothing` throw400 NotExists ("function not found in cache " <>> functionName)
-  -- Delete function from metadata
+  void $ askPGFunctionInfo sourceName functionName
  withNewInconsistentObjsCheck
    $ buildSchemaCache
    $ dropFunctionInMetadata defaultSource functionName
@ -256,3 +267,93 @@ runUntrackFunc (UnTrackFunction functionName sourceName) = do
 dropFunctionInMetadata :: SourceName -> QualifiedFunction -> MetadataModifier
 dropFunctionInMetadata source function = MetadataModifier $
  metaSources.ix source.smFunctions %~ OMap.delete function
+
+{- Note [Function Permissions]
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+Before we started supporting tracking volatile functions, permissions
+for a function was inferred from the target table of the function.
+The rationale behind this is that a stable/immutable function does not
+modify the database and the data returned by the function is filtered using
+the permissions that are specified precisely for that data.
+Now consider mutable/volatile functions, we can't automatically infer whether or
+not these functions should be exposed for the sole reason that they can modify
+the database. This necessitates a permission system for functions.
+So, we introduce a new API `pg_create_function_permission` which will
+explicitly grant permission to a function to a role. For creating a
+function permission, the role must have select permissions configured
+for the target table.
+Since, this is a breaking change, we enable it only when the graphql-engine
+is started with
+`--infer-function-permissions`/HASURA_GRAPHQL_INFER_FUNCTION_PERMISSIONS set
+to false (by default, it's set to true).
+-}
+
+data CreateFunctionPermission
+  = CreateFunctionPermission
+  { _afpFunction :: !QualifiedFunction
+  , _afpSource   :: !SourceName
+  , _afpRole     :: !RoleName
+  } deriving (Show, Eq)
+$(deriveToJSON hasuraJSON ''CreateFunctionPermission)
+
+instance FromJSON CreateFunctionPermission where
+  parseJSON v =
+    flip (withObject "CreateFunctionPermission") v $ \o ->
+      CreateFunctionPermission
+      <$> o .: "function"
+      <*> o .:? "source" .!= defaultSource
+      <*> o .: "role"
+
+runCreateFunctionPermission
+  :: ( CacheRWM m
+     , MonadError QErr m
+     , MetadataM m
+     , HasServerConfigCtx m
+     )
+  => CreateFunctionPermission
+  -> m EncJSON
+runCreateFunctionPermission (CreateFunctionPermission functionName source role) = do
+  functionPermsCtx <- _sccFunctionPermsCtx <$> askServerConfigCtx
+  unless (functionPermsCtx == FunctionPermissionsManual) $
+    throw400 NotSupported "function permission can only be created when inferring of function permissions is disabled"
+  sourceCache <- scPostgres <$> askSchemaCache
+  functionInfo <- askPGFunctionInfo source functionName
+  when (role `elem` _fiPermissions functionInfo) $
+    throw400 AlreadyExists $
+    "permission of role "
+    <> role <<> " already exists for function " <> functionName <<> " in source: " <>> source
+  functionTableInfo <-
+    unsafeTableInfo @'Postgres source (_fiReturnType functionInfo) sourceCache
+    `onNothing` throw400 NotExists ("function's return table " <> (_fiReturnType functionInfo) <<> " not found in the cache")
+  unless (role `Map.member` _tiRolePermInfoMap functionTableInfo) $
+    throw400 NotSupported $
+    "function permission can only be added when the function's return table "
+    <> _fiReturnType functionInfo <<>  " has select permission configured for role: " <>> role
+  buildSchemaCacheFor (MOSourceObjId source $ SMOFunctionPermission functionName role)
+    $ MetadataModifier
+    $ metaSources.ix source.smFunctions.ix functionName.fmPermissions
+    %~ (:) (FunctionPermissionMetadata role)
+  pure successMsg
+
+dropFunctionPermissionInMetadata :: SourceName -> QualifiedFunction -> RoleName -> MetadataModifier
+dropFunctionPermissionInMetadata source function role = MetadataModifier $
+  metaSources.ix source.smFunctions.ix function.fmPermissions %~ filter ((/=) role . _fpmRole)
+
+type DropFunctionPermission = CreateFunctionPermission
+
+runDropFunctionPermission
+  :: ( CacheRWM m
+     , MonadError QErr m
+     , MetadataM m
+     )
+  => DropFunctionPermission
+  -> m EncJSON
+runDropFunctionPermission (CreateFunctionPermission functionName source role) = do
+  functionInfo <- askPGFunctionInfo source functionName
+  unless (role `elem` _fiPermissions functionInfo) $
+    throw400 NotExists $
+    "permission of role "
+    <> role <<> " does not exist for function " <> functionName <<> " in source: " <>> source
+  buildSchemaCacheFor (MOSourceObjId source $ SMOFunctionPermission functionName role)
+    $ dropFunctionPermissionInMetadata source functionName role
+  pure successMsg
--- a/server/src-lib/Hasura/RQL/DDL/Schema/LegacyCatalog.hs
+++ b/server/src-lib/Hasura/RQL/DDL/Schema/LegacyCatalog.hs
@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ saveMetadataToHdbTables (MetadataNoSources tables functions schemas collections

  -- sql functions
  withPathK "functions" $ indexedForM_ functions $
-    \(FunctionMetadata function config) -> addFunctionToCatalog function config
+    \(FunctionMetadata function config _) -> addFunctionToCatalog function config

  -- query collections
  systemDefined <- askSystemDefined
@ -407,7 +407,10 @@ fetchMetadataFromHdbTables = liftTx do
                    |] () False
      pure $ oMapFromL _fmFunction $
        flip map l $ \(sn, fn, Q.AltJ config) ->
-                       FunctionMetadata (QualifiedObject sn fn) config
+                       -- function permissions were only introduced post 43rd
+                       -- migration, so it's impossible we get any permissions
+                       -- here
+                       FunctionMetadata (QualifiedObject sn fn) config []

    fetchRemoteSchemas =
      map fromRow <$> Q.listQE defaultTxErrorHandler
--- a/server/src-lib/Hasura/RQL/DML/Delete.hs
+++ b/server/src-lib/Hasura/RQL/DML/Delete.hs
@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ validateDeleteQ query = do

 runDelete
  :: ( HasVersion, QErrM m, UserInfoM m, CacheRM m
-     , HasSQLGenCtx m, MonadIO m
+     , HasServerConfigCtx m, MonadIO m
     , Tracing.MonadTrace m, MonadBaseControl IO m
     )
  => Env.Environment
@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ runDelete
  -> m EncJSON
 runDelete env q = do
  sourceConfig <- askSourceConfig (doSource q)
-  strfyNum <- stringifyNum <$> askSQLGenCtx
+  strfyNum <- stringifyNum . _sccSQLGenCtx <$> askServerConfigCtx
  validateDeleteQ q
    >>= runQueryLazyTx (_pscExecCtx sourceConfig) Q.ReadWrite
        . execDeleteQuery env strfyNum Nothing
--- a/server/src-lib/Hasura/RQL/DML/Insert.hs
+++ b/server/src-lib/Hasura/RQL/DML/Insert.hs
@ -208,7 +208,7 @@ convInsQ query = do

 runInsert
  :: ( HasVersion, QErrM m, UserInfoM m
-     , CacheRM m, HasSQLGenCtx m
+     , CacheRM m, HasServerConfigCtx m
     , MonadIO m, Tracing.MonadTrace m
     , MonadBaseControl IO m
     )
@ -216,7 +216,7 @@ runInsert
 runInsert env q = do
  sourceConfig <- askSourceConfig (iqSource q)
  res <- convInsQ q
-  strfyNum <- stringifyNum <$> askSQLGenCtx
+  strfyNum <- stringifyNum . _sccSQLGenCtx <$> askServerConfigCtx
  runQueryLazyTx (_pscExecCtx sourceConfig) Q.ReadWrite $
    execInsertQuery env strfyNum Nothing res

--- a/server/src-lib/Hasura/RQL/DML/Internal.hs
+++ b/server/src-lib/Hasura/RQL/DML/Internal.hs
@ -23,15 +23,15 @@ import           Hasura.Backends.Postgres.SQL.Value
 import           Hasura.Backends.Postgres.Translate.BoolExp
 import           Hasura.Backends.Postgres.Translate.Column
 import           Hasura.RQL.Types
-import           Hasura.Session
 import           Hasura.SQL.Types
+import           Hasura.Session


 newtype DMLP1T m a
  = DMLP1T { unDMLP1T :: StateT (DS.Seq Q.PrepArg) m a }
  deriving ( Functor, Applicative, Monad, MonadTrans
           , MonadState (DS.Seq Q.PrepArg), MonadError e
-           , SourceM, TableCoreInfoRM b, TableInfoRM b, CacheRM, UserInfoM, HasSQLGenCtx
+           , SourceM, TableCoreInfoRM b, TableInfoRM b, CacheRM, UserInfoM, HasServerConfigCtx
           )

 runDMLP1T :: DMLP1T m a -> m (a, DS.Seq Q.PrepArg)
--- a/server/src-lib/Hasura/RQL/DML/Select.hs
+++ b/server/src-lib/Hasura/RQL/DML/Select.hs
@ -193,7 +193,7 @@ convOrderByElem sessVarBldr (flds, spi) = \case
        throw400 UnexpectedPayload (mconcat [ fldName <<> " is a remote field" ])

 convSelectQ
-  :: (UserInfoM m, QErrM m, TableInfoRM 'Postgres m, HasSQLGenCtx m)
+  :: (UserInfoM m, QErrM m, TableInfoRM 'Postgres m, HasServerConfigCtx m)
  => TableName 'Postgres
  -> FieldInfoMap (FieldInfo 'Postgres)  -- Table information of current table
  -> SelPermInfo 'Postgres   -- Additional select permission info
@ -238,7 +238,7 @@ convSelectQ table fieldInfoMap selPermInfo selQ sessVarBldr prepValBldr = do
      tabArgs = SelectArgs wClause annOrdByM mQueryLimit
                (S.intToSQLExp <$> mQueryOffset) Nothing

-  strfyNum <- stringifyNum <$> askSQLGenCtx
+  strfyNum <- stringifyNum . _sccSQLGenCtx <$> askServerConfigCtx
  return $ AnnSelectG annFlds tabFrom tabPerm tabArgs strfyNum

  where
@ -259,7 +259,7 @@ convExtSimple fieldInfoMap selPermInfo pgCol = do
    relWhenPGErr = "relationships have to be expanded"

 convExtRel
-  :: (UserInfoM m, QErrM m, TableInfoRM 'Postgres m, HasSQLGenCtx m)
+  :: (UserInfoM m, QErrM m, TableInfoRM 'Postgres m, HasServerConfigCtx m)
  => FieldInfoMap (FieldInfo 'Postgres)
  -> RelName
  -> Maybe RelName
@ -297,7 +297,7 @@ convExtRel fieldInfoMap relName mAlias selQ sessVarBldr prepValBldr = do
              ]

 convSelectQuery
-  :: (UserInfoM m, QErrM m, TableInfoRM 'Postgres m, HasSQLGenCtx m)
+  :: (UserInfoM m, QErrM m, TableInfoRM 'Postgres m, HasServerConfigCtx m)
  => SessVarBldr 'Postgres m
  -> (ColumnType 'Postgres -> Value -> m S.SQLExp)
  -> SelectQuery
@ -318,7 +318,7 @@ selectP2 jsonAggSelect (sel, p) =
    selectSQL = toSQL $ mkSQLSelect jsonAggSelect sel

 phaseOne
-  :: (QErrM m, UserInfoM m, CacheRM m, HasSQLGenCtx m)
+  :: (QErrM m, UserInfoM m, CacheRM m, HasServerConfigCtx m)
  => SelectQuery -> m (AnnSimpleSel  'Postgres, DS.Seq Q.PrepArg)
 phaseOne query = do
  let sourceName = getSourceDMLQuery query
@ -332,7 +332,7 @@ phaseTwo =

 runSelect
  :: ( QErrM m, UserInfoM m, CacheRM m
-     , HasSQLGenCtx m, MonadIO m, MonadBaseControl IO m
+     , HasServerConfigCtx m, MonadIO m, MonadBaseControl IO m
     , Tracing.MonadTrace m
     )
  => SelectQuery -> m EncJSON
--- a/server/src-lib/Hasura/RQL/DML/Update.hs
+++ b/server/src-lib/Hasura/RQL/DML/Update.hs
@ -186,13 +186,13 @@ validateUpdateQuery query = do

 runUpdate
  :: ( HasVersion, QErrM m, UserInfoM m, CacheRM m
-     , HasSQLGenCtx m, MonadBaseControl IO m
+     , HasServerConfigCtx m, MonadBaseControl IO m
     , MonadIO m, Tracing.MonadTrace m
     )
  => Env.Environment -> UpdateQuery -> m EncJSON
 runUpdate env q = do
  sourceConfig <- askSourceConfig (uqSource q)
-  strfyNum <- stringifyNum <$> askSQLGenCtx
+  strfyNum <- stringifyNum . _sccSQLGenCtx <$> askServerConfigCtx
  validateUpdateQuery q
    >>= runQueryLazyTx (_pscExecCtx sourceConfig) Q.ReadWrite
        . execUpdateQuery env strfyNum Nothing
--- a/server/src-lib/Hasura/RQL/Types.hs
+++ b/server/src-lib/Hasura/RQL/Types.hs
@ -2,10 +2,10 @@ module Hasura.RQL.Types
  ( MonadTx(..)

  , SQLGenCtx(..)
-  , HasSQLGenCtx(..)
-
  , RemoteSchemaPermsCtx(..)
-  , HasRemoteSchemaPermsCtx(..)
+
+  , ServerConfigCtx(..)
+  , HasServerConfigCtx(..)

  , HasSystemDefined(..)
  , HasSystemDefinedT
@ -110,6 +110,42 @@ askTabInfoSource
 askTabInfoSource tableName = do
  lookupTableInfo tableName >>= (`onNothing` throwTableDoesNotExist tableName)

+data ServerConfigCtx
+  = ServerConfigCtx
+  { _sccFunctionPermsCtx     :: !FunctionPermissionsCtx
+  , _sccRemoteSchemaPermsCtx :: !RemoteSchemaPermsCtx
+  , _sccSQLGenCtx            :: !SQLGenCtx
+  } deriving (Show, Eq)
+
+class (Monad m) => HasServerConfigCtx m where
+  askServerConfigCtx :: m ServerConfigCtx
+
+instance (HasServerConfigCtx m)
+         => HasServerConfigCtx (ReaderT r m) where
+  askServerConfigCtx = lift askServerConfigCtx
+instance (HasServerConfigCtx m)
+         => HasServerConfigCtx (StateT s m) where
+  askServerConfigCtx = lift askServerConfigCtx
+instance (Monoid w, HasServerConfigCtx m)
+         => HasServerConfigCtx (WriterT w m) where
+  askServerConfigCtx = lift askServerConfigCtx
+instance (HasServerConfigCtx m)
+         => HasServerConfigCtx (TableCoreCacheRT b m) where
+  askServerConfigCtx = lift askServerConfigCtx
+instance (HasServerConfigCtx m)
+         => HasServerConfigCtx (TraceT m) where
+  askServerConfigCtx = lift askServerConfigCtx
+instance (HasServerConfigCtx m)
+         => HasServerConfigCtx (MetadataT m) where
+  askServerConfigCtx = lift askServerConfigCtx
+instance (HasServerConfigCtx m)
+         => HasServerConfigCtx (LazyTxT QErr m) where
+  askServerConfigCtx = lift askServerConfigCtx
+instance (HasServerConfigCtx m) => HasServerConfigCtx (Q.TxET QErr m) where
+  askServerConfigCtx = lift askServerConfigCtx
+instance (HasServerConfigCtx m) => HasServerConfigCtx (TableCacheRT b m) where
+  askServerConfigCtx = lift askServerConfigCtx
+
 data RemoteSchemaPermsCtx
  = RemoteSchemaPermsEnabled
  | RemoteSchemaPermsDisabled
@ -127,53 +163,6 @@ instance ToJSON RemoteSchemaPermsCtx where
    RemoteSchemaPermsEnabled  -> "true"
    RemoteSchemaPermsDisabled -> "false"

-class (Monad m) => HasRemoteSchemaPermsCtx m where
-  askRemoteSchemaPermsCtx :: m RemoteSchemaPermsCtx
-
-instance (HasRemoteSchemaPermsCtx m)
-         => HasRemoteSchemaPermsCtx (ReaderT r m) where
-  askRemoteSchemaPermsCtx = lift askRemoteSchemaPermsCtx
-instance (HasRemoteSchemaPermsCtx m)
-         => HasRemoteSchemaPermsCtx (StateT s m) where
-  askRemoteSchemaPermsCtx = lift askRemoteSchemaPermsCtx
-instance (Monoid w, HasRemoteSchemaPermsCtx m)
-         => HasRemoteSchemaPermsCtx (WriterT w m) where
-  askRemoteSchemaPermsCtx = lift askRemoteSchemaPermsCtx
-instance (HasRemoteSchemaPermsCtx m)
-         => HasRemoteSchemaPermsCtx (TableCoreCacheRT b m) where
-  askRemoteSchemaPermsCtx = lift askRemoteSchemaPermsCtx
-instance (HasRemoteSchemaPermsCtx m)
-         => HasRemoteSchemaPermsCtx (TraceT m) where
-  askRemoteSchemaPermsCtx = lift askRemoteSchemaPermsCtx
-instance (HasRemoteSchemaPermsCtx m)
-         => HasRemoteSchemaPermsCtx (MetadataT m) where
-  askRemoteSchemaPermsCtx = lift askRemoteSchemaPermsCtx
-instance (HasRemoteSchemaPermsCtx m)
-         => HasRemoteSchemaPermsCtx (LazyTxT QErr m) where
-  askRemoteSchemaPermsCtx = lift askRemoteSchemaPermsCtx
-
-class (Monad m) => HasSQLGenCtx m where
-  askSQLGenCtx :: m SQLGenCtx
-
-instance (HasSQLGenCtx m) => HasSQLGenCtx (ReaderT r m) where
-  askSQLGenCtx = lift askSQLGenCtx
-instance (HasSQLGenCtx m) => HasSQLGenCtx (StateT s m) where
-  askSQLGenCtx = lift askSQLGenCtx
-instance (Monoid w, HasSQLGenCtx m) => HasSQLGenCtx (WriterT w m) where
-  askSQLGenCtx = lift askSQLGenCtx
-instance (HasSQLGenCtx m) => HasSQLGenCtx (TableCoreCacheRT b m) where
-  askSQLGenCtx = lift askSQLGenCtx
-instance (HasSQLGenCtx m) => HasSQLGenCtx (TraceT m) where
-  askSQLGenCtx = lift askSQLGenCtx
-instance (HasSQLGenCtx m) => HasSQLGenCtx (MetadataT m) where
-  askSQLGenCtx = lift askSQLGenCtx
-instance (HasSQLGenCtx m) => HasSQLGenCtx (Q.TxET QErr m) where
-  askSQLGenCtx = lift askSQLGenCtx
-instance (HasSQLGenCtx m) => HasSQLGenCtx (LazyTxT QErr m) where
-  askSQLGenCtx = lift askSQLGenCtx
-instance (HasSQLGenCtx m) => HasSQLGenCtx (TableCacheRT b m) where
-  askSQLGenCtx = lift askSQLGenCtx
-
 class (Monad m) => HasSystemDefined m where
  askSystemDefined :: m SystemDefined

@ -189,7 +178,7 @@ instance (HasSystemDefined m) => HasSystemDefined (TraceT m) where
 newtype HasSystemDefinedT m a
  = HasSystemDefinedT { unHasSystemDefinedT :: ReaderT SystemDefined m a }
  deriving ( Functor, Applicative, Monad, MonadTrans, MonadIO, MonadUnique, MonadError e, MonadTx
-           , HasHttpManagerM, HasSQLGenCtx, SourceM, TableCoreInfoRM b, CacheRM, UserInfoM, HasRemoteSchemaPermsCtx)
+           , HasHttpManagerM, SourceM, TableCoreInfoRM b, CacheRM, UserInfoM, HasServerConfigCtx)

 runHasSystemDefinedT :: SystemDefined -> HasSystemDefinedT m a -> m a
 runHasSystemDefinedT systemDefined = flip runReaderT systemDefined . unHasSystemDefinedT
--- a/server/src-lib/Hasura/RQL/Types/Function.hs
+++ b/server/src-lib/Hasura/RQL/Types/Function.hs
@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ module Hasura.RQL.Types.Function where

 import           Hasura.Prelude

+import qualified Data.HashSet                       as Set
 import qualified Data.Sequence                      as Seq
 import qualified Data.Text                          as T

@ -17,7 +18,7 @@ import qualified Hasura.Backends.Postgres.SQL.Types as PG
 import           Hasura.Incremental                 (Cacheable)
 import           Hasura.RQL.Types.Common
 import           Hasura.SQL.Backend
-
+import           Hasura.Session

 -- | https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/xfunc-volatility.html
 data FunctionVolatility
@ -86,28 +87,31 @@ $(deriveJSON
 -- | Tracked SQL function metadata. See 'mkFunctionInfo'.
 data FunctionInfo (b :: BackendType)
  = FunctionInfo
-  { fiName          :: !(FunctionName b)
-  , fiSystemDefined :: !SystemDefined
-  , fiVolatility    :: !FunctionVolatility
-  , fiExposedAs     :: !FunctionExposedAs
+  { _fiName          :: !(FunctionName b)
+  , _fiSystemDefined :: !SystemDefined
+  , _fiVolatility    :: !FunctionVolatility
+  , _fiExposedAs     :: !FunctionExposedAs
  -- ^ In which part of the schema should this function be exposed?
  --
  -- See 'mkFunctionInfo' and '_fcExposedAs'.
-  , fiInputArgs     :: !(Seq.Seq (FunctionInputArgument b))
-  , fiReturnType    :: !(TableName b)
+  , _fiInputArgs     :: !(Seq.Seq (FunctionInputArgument b))
+  , _fiReturnType    :: !(TableName b)
  -- ^ NOTE: when a table is created, a new composite type of the same name is
  -- automatically created; so strictly speaking this field means "the function
  -- returns the composite type corresponding to this table".
-  , fiDescription   :: !(Maybe PG.PGDescription) -- FIXME: make generic
+  , _fiDescription   :: !(Maybe PG.PGDescription) -- FIXME: make generic
+  , _fiPermissions   :: !(Set.HashSet RoleName)
+  -- ^ Roles to which the function is accessible
  } deriving (Generic)
 deriving instance Backend b => Show (FunctionInfo b)
 deriving instance Backend b => Eq   (FunctionInfo b)
 instance (Backend b) => ToJSON (FunctionInfo b) where
  toJSON = genericToJSON hasuraJSON
+$(makeLenses ''FunctionInfo)

 getInputArgs :: FunctionInfo b -> Seq.Seq (FunctionArg b)
 getInputArgs =
-  Seq.fromList . mapMaybe (^? _IAUserProvided) . toList . fiInputArgs
+  Seq.fromList . mapMaybe (^? _IAUserProvided) . toList . _fiInputArgs

 type FunctionCache b = HashMap (FunctionName b) (FunctionInfo b) -- info of all functions

@ -172,3 +176,20 @@ instance Cacheable RawFunctionInfo
 $(deriveJSON hasuraJSON ''RawFunctionInfo)

 type PostgresFunctionsMetadata = HashMap PG.QualifiedFunction [RawFunctionInfo]
+
+data FunctionPermissionsCtx
+  = FunctionPermissionsInferred
+  | FunctionPermissionsManual
+  deriving (Show, Eq)
+
+instance FromJSON FunctionPermissionsCtx where
+  parseJSON = withText "FunctionPermissionsCtx" $ \t ->
+    case T.toLower t of
+      "true"  -> pure FunctionPermissionsInferred
+      "false" -> pure FunctionPermissionsManual
+      _       -> fail "infer_function_permissions should be a boolean value"
+
+instance ToJSON FunctionPermissionsCtx where
+  toJSON = \case
+    FunctionPermissionsInferred -> Bool True
+    FunctionPermissionsManual   -> Bool False
--- a/server/src-lib/Hasura/RQL/Types/Metadata.hs
+++ b/server/src-lib/Hasura/RQL/Types/Metadata.hs
@ -51,6 +51,7 @@ instance Hashable TableMetadataObjId
 data SourceMetadataObjId
  = SMOTable !QualifiedTable
  | SMOFunction !QualifiedFunction
+  | SMOFunctionPermission !QualifiedFunction !RoleName
  | SMOTableObj !QualifiedTable !TableMetadataObjId
  deriving (Show, Eq, Generic)
 instance Hashable SourceMetadataObjId
@ -76,6 +77,7 @@ moiTypeName = \case
  MOSourceObjId _ sourceObjId -> case sourceObjId of
    SMOTable _  -> "table"
    SMOFunction _ -> "function"
+    SMOFunctionPermission _ _ -> "function_permission"
    SMOTableObj _ tableObjectId -> case tableObjectId of
      MTORel _ relType        -> relTypeToTxt relType <> "_relation"
      MTOPerm _ permType      -> permTypeToCode permType <> "_permission"
@ -96,6 +98,9 @@ moiName objectId = moiTypeName objectId <> " " <> case objectId of
  MOSourceObjId source sourceObjId -> case sourceObjId of
    SMOTable name -> toTxt name <> " in source " <> toTxt source
    SMOFunction name -> toTxt name <> " in source " <> toTxt source
+    SMOFunctionPermission functionName roleName ->
+      toTxt roleName <> " permission for function "
+      <> toTxt functionName <> " in source " <> toTxt source
    SMOTableObj tableName tableObjectId ->
      let tableObjectName = case tableObjectId of
            MTORel name _              -> toTxt name
@ -322,20 +327,30 @@ instance FromJSON TableMetadata where
                    , cfKey, rrKey
                    ]

+newtype FunctionPermissionMetadata
+  = FunctionPermissionMetadata
+  { _fpmRole       :: RoleName
+  } deriving (Show, Eq, Generic)
+instance Cacheable FunctionPermissionMetadata
+$(makeLenses ''FunctionPermissionMetadata)
+$(deriveJSON hasuraJSON ''FunctionPermissionMetadata)
+
 data FunctionMetadata
  = FunctionMetadata
  { _fmFunction      :: !QualifiedFunction
  , _fmConfiguration :: !FunctionConfig
+  , _fmPermissions   :: ![FunctionPermissionMetadata]
  } deriving (Show, Eq, Generic)
 instance Cacheable FunctionMetadata
 $(makeLenses ''FunctionMetadata)
 $(deriveToJSON hasuraJSON ''FunctionMetadata)

 instance FromJSON FunctionMetadata where
-  parseJSON = withObject "Object" $ \o ->
+  parseJSON = withObject "FunctionMetadata" $ \o ->
    FunctionMetadata
      <$> o .: "function"
      <*> o .:? "configuration" .!= emptyFunctionConfig
+      <*> o .:? "permissions" .!= []

 type Tables = InsOrdHashMap QualifiedTable TableMetadata
 type Functions = InsOrdHashMap QualifiedFunction FunctionMetadata
@ -454,7 +469,7 @@ instance FromJSON MetadataNoSources where
          tables       <- oMapFromL _tmTable <$> o .: "tables"
          functionList <- o .:? "functions" .!= []
          let functions = OM.fromList $ flip map functionList $
-                \function -> (function, FunctionMetadata function emptyFunctionConfig)
+                \function -> (function, FunctionMetadata function emptyFunctionConfig mempty)
          pure (tables, functions)
        MVVersion2 -> do
          tables    <- oMapFromL _tmTable <$> o .: "tables"
@ -652,9 +667,13 @@ metadataToOrdJSON ( Metadata

    functionMetadataToOrdJSON :: FunctionMetadata -> AO.Value
    functionMetadataToOrdJSON FunctionMetadata{..} =
-      AO.object $ [("function", AO.toOrdered _fmFunction)]
-      <> if _fmConfiguration == emptyFunctionConfig then []
-         else pure ("configuration", AO.toOrdered _fmConfiguration)
+      let confKeyPair =
+            if _fmConfiguration == emptyFunctionConfig then []
+            else pure ("configuration", AO.toOrdered _fmConfiguration)
+          permissionsKeyPair =
+            if (null _fmPermissions) then []
+            else pure ("permissions", AO.toOrdered _fmPermissions)
+      in AO.object $ [("function", AO.toOrdered _fmFunction)] <> confKeyPair <> permissionsKeyPair

    remoteSchemaQToOrdJSON :: RemoteSchemaMetadata -> AO.Value
    remoteSchemaQToOrdJSON (RemoteSchemaMetadata name definition comment permissions) =
--- a/server/src-lib/Hasura/RQL/Types/Run.hs
+++ b/server/src-lib/Hasura/RQL/Types/Run.hs
@ -24,10 +24,9 @@ import           Hasura.Session

 data RunCtx
  = RunCtx
-  { _rcUserInfo             :: !UserInfo
-  , _rcHttpMgr              :: !HTTP.Manager
-  , _rcSqlGenCtx            :: !SQLGenCtx
-  , _rcRemoteSchemaPermsCtx :: !RemoteSchemaPermsCtx
+  { _rcUserInfo        :: !UserInfo
+  , _rcHttpMgr         :: !HTTP.Manager
+  , _rcServerConfigCtx :: !ServerConfigCtx
  }

 newtype RunT m a
@ -54,11 +53,8 @@ instance (Monad m) => UserInfoM (RunT m) where
 instance (Monad m) => HTTP.HasHttpManagerM (RunT m) where
  askHttpManager = asks _rcHttpMgr

-instance (Monad m) => HasSQLGenCtx (RunT m) where
-  askSQLGenCtx = asks _rcSqlGenCtx
-
-instance (Monad m) => HasRemoteSchemaPermsCtx (RunT m) where
-  askRemoteSchemaPermsCtx = asks _rcRemoteSchemaPermsCtx
+instance (Monad m) => HasServerConfigCtx (RunT m) where
+  askServerConfigCtx = asks _rcServerConfigCtx

 instance (MonadResolveSource m) => MonadResolveSource (RunT m) where
  getSourceResolver = RunT . lift . lift $ getSourceResolver
--- a/server/src-lib/Hasura/Server/API/Metadata.hs
+++ b/server/src-lib/Hasura/Server/API/Metadata.hs
@ -51,6 +51,10 @@ data RQLMetadata
  | RMPgTrackFunction !TrackFunctionV2
  | RMPgUntrackFunction !UnTrackFunction

+  -- Postgres function permissions
+  | RMPgCreateFunctionPermission !CreateFunctionPermission
+  | RMPgDropFunctionPermission !DropFunctionPermission
+
  -- Postgres table relationships
  | RMPgCreateObjectRelationship !CreateObjRel
  | RMPgCreateArrayRelationship !CreateArrRel
@ -160,21 +164,19 @@ runMetadataQuery
  -> InstanceId
  -> UserInfo
  -> HTTP.Manager
-  -> SQLGenCtx
-  -> RemoteSchemaPermsCtx
+  -> ServerConfigCtx
  -> RebuildableSchemaCache
  -> RQLMetadata
  -> m (EncJSON, RebuildableSchemaCache)
-runMetadataQuery env instanceId userInfo httpManager sqlGenCtx remoteSchemaPermsCtx schemaCache query = do
+runMetadataQuery env instanceId userInfo httpManager serverConfigCtx schemaCache query = do
  metadata <- fetchMetadata
  ((r, modMetadata), modSchemaCache, cacheInvalidations) <-
    runMetadataQueryM env query
    & runMetadataT metadata
    & runCacheRWT schemaCache
-    & peelRun (RunCtx userInfo httpManager sqlGenCtx remoteSchemaPermsCtx)
+    & peelRun (RunCtx userInfo httpManager serverConfigCtx)
    & runExceptT
    & liftEitherM
-
  -- set modified metadata in storage
  setMetadata modMetadata
  -- notify schema cache sync
@ -193,7 +195,7 @@ runMetadataQueryM
     , HTTP.HasHttpManagerM m
     , MetadataM m
     , MonadMetadataStorageQueryAPI m
-     , HasRemoteSchemaPermsCtx m
+     , HasServerConfigCtx m
     )
  => Env.Environment
  -> RQLMetadata
@ -210,6 +212,9 @@ runMetadataQueryM env = withPathK "args" . \case
  RMPgTrackFunction q             -> runTrackFunctionV2 q
  RMPgUntrackFunction q           -> runUntrackFunc q

+  RMPgCreateFunctionPermission q  -> runCreateFunctionPermission q
+  RMPgDropFunctionPermission   q  -> runDropFunctionPermission q
+
  RMPgCreateObjectRelationship q  -> runCreateRelationship ObjRel q
  RMPgCreateArrayRelationship q   -> runCreateRelationship ArrRel q
  RMPgDropRelationship q          -> runDropRel q
--- a/server/src-lib/Hasura/Server/API/Query.hs
+++ b/server/src-lib/Hasura/Server/API/Query.hs
@ -191,8 +191,9 @@ runQuery
  => Env.Environment
  -> InstanceId
  -> UserInfo -> RebuildableSchemaCache -> HTTP.Manager
-  -> SQLGenCtx -> RemoteSchemaPermsCtx -> RQLQuery -> m (EncJSON, RebuildableSchemaCache)
-runQuery env instanceId userInfo sc hMgr sqlGenCtx remoteSchemaPermsCtx query = do
+  -> SQLGenCtx -> RemoteSchemaPermsCtx  -> FunctionPermissionsCtx
+  -> RQLQuery -> m (EncJSON, RebuildableSchemaCache)
+runQuery env instanceId userInfo sc hMgr sqlGenCtx remoteSchemaPermsCtx functionPermsCtx query = do
  metadata <- fetchMetadata
  result <- runQueryM env query & Tracing.interpTraceT \x -> do
    (((js, tracemeta), meta), rsc, ci) <-
@ -204,7 +205,8 @@ runQuery env instanceId userInfo sc hMgr sqlGenCtx remoteSchemaPermsCtx query =
    pure ((js, rsc, ci, meta), tracemeta)
  withReload result
  where
-    runCtx = RunCtx userInfo hMgr sqlGenCtx remoteSchemaPermsCtx
+    serverConfigCtx = ServerConfigCtx functionPermsCtx remoteSchemaPermsCtx sqlGenCtx
+    runCtx = RunCtx userInfo hMgr serverConfigCtx

    withReload (result, updatedCache, invalidations, updatedMetadata) = do
      when (queryModifiesSchemaCache query) $ do
@ -350,8 +352,8 @@ reconcileAccessModes (Just mode1) (Just mode2)
 runQueryM
  :: ( HasVersion, CacheRWM m, UserInfoM m
     , MonadBaseControl IO m, MonadIO m, MonadUnique m
-     , HasHttpManagerM m, HasSQLGenCtx m
-     , HasRemoteSchemaPermsCtx m
+     , HasHttpManagerM m
+     , HasServerConfigCtx m
     , Tracing.MonadTrace m
     , MetadataM m
     , MonadMetadataStorageQueryAPI m
--- a/server/src-lib/Hasura/Server/API/V2Query.hs
+++ b/server/src-lib/Hasura/Server/API/V2Query.hs
@ -66,9 +66,10 @@ runQuery
  -> HTTP.Manager
  -> SQLGenCtx
  -> RemoteSchemaPermsCtx
+  -> FunctionPermissionsCtx
  -> RQLQuery
  -> m (EncJSON, RebuildableSchemaCache)
-runQuery env instanceId userInfo schemaCache httpManager sqlGenCtx remoteSchemaPermCtx rqlQuery = do
+runQuery env instanceId userInfo schemaCache httpManager sqlGenCtx remoteSchemaPermCtx functionPermsCtx rqlQuery = do
  metadata <- fetchMetadata
  result <- runQueryM env rqlQuery & Tracing.interpTraceT \x -> do
    (((js, tracemeta), meta), rsc, ci) <-
@ -80,7 +81,8 @@ runQuery env instanceId userInfo schemaCache httpManager sqlGenCtx remoteSchemaP
    pure ((js, rsc, ci, meta), tracemeta)
  withReload result
  where
-    runCtx = RunCtx userInfo httpManager sqlGenCtx remoteSchemaPermCtx
+    runCtx = RunCtx userInfo httpManager
+             $ ServerConfigCtx functionPermsCtx remoteSchemaPermCtx sqlGenCtx

    withReload (result, updatedCache, invalidations, updatedMetadata) = do
      when (queryModifiesSchema rqlQuery) $ do
@ -92,9 +94,9 @@ runQuery env instanceId userInfo schemaCache httpManager sqlGenCtx remoteSchemaP

 queryModifiesSchema :: RQLQuery -> Bool
 queryModifiesSchema = \case
-  RQRunSql q  -> isSchemaCacheBuildRequiredRunSQL q
-  RQBulk l    -> any queryModifiesSchema l
-  _           -> False
+  RQRunSql q -> isSchemaCacheBuildRequiredRunSQL q
+  RQBulk l   -> any queryModifiesSchema l
+  _          -> False

 runQueryM
  :: ( HasVersion
@ -103,7 +105,7 @@ runQueryM
     , MonadBaseControl IO m
     , UserInfoM m
     , CacheRWM m
-     , HasSQLGenCtx m
+     , HasServerConfigCtx m
     , Tracing.MonadTrace m
     , MetadataM m
     )
--- a/server/src-lib/Hasura/Server/App.hs
+++ b/server/src-lib/Hasura/Server/App.hs
@ -113,6 +113,7 @@ data ServerCtx
  , scResponseInternalErrorsConfig :: !ResponseInternalErrorsConfig
  , scEnvironment                  :: !Env.Environment
  , scRemoteSchemaPermsCtx         :: !RemoteSchemaPermsCtx
+  , scFunctionPermsCtx             :: !FunctionPermissionsCtx
  }

 data HandlerCtx
@ -391,15 +392,16 @@ v1QueryHandler query = do
  return $ HttpResponse res []
  where
    action = do
-      userInfo    <- asks hcUser
-      scRef       <- asks (scCacheRef . hcServerCtx)
-      schemaCache <- fmap fst $ liftIO $ readIORef $ _scrCache scRef
-      httpMgr     <- asks (scManager . hcServerCtx)
-      sqlGenCtx   <- asks (scSQLGenCtx . hcServerCtx)
-      instanceId  <- asks (scInstanceId . hcServerCtx)
-      env         <- asks (scEnvironment . hcServerCtx)
+      userInfo             <- asks hcUser
+      scRef                <- asks (scCacheRef . hcServerCtx)
+      schemaCache          <- fmap fst $ liftIO $ readIORef $ _scrCache scRef
+      httpMgr              <- asks (scManager . hcServerCtx)
+      sqlGenCtx            <- asks (scSQLGenCtx . hcServerCtx)
+      instanceId           <- asks (scInstanceId . hcServerCtx)
+      env                  <- asks (scEnvironment . hcServerCtx)
      remoteSchemaPermsCtx <- asks (scRemoteSchemaPermsCtx . hcServerCtx)
-      runQuery env instanceId userInfo schemaCache httpMgr sqlGenCtx remoteSchemaPermsCtx query
+      functionPermsCtx     <- asks (scFunctionPermsCtx . hcServerCtx)
+      runQuery env instanceId userInfo schemaCache httpMgr sqlGenCtx remoteSchemaPermsCtx functionPermsCtx query

 v1MetadataHandler
  :: ( HasVersion
@ -414,17 +416,19 @@ v1MetadataHandler
  => RQLMetadata -> m (HttpResponse EncJSON)
 v1MetadataHandler query = do
  (liftEitherM . authorizeV1MetadataApi query) =<< ask
-  userInfo     <- asks hcUser
-  scRef        <- asks (scCacheRef . hcServerCtx)
-  schemaCache  <- fmap fst $ liftIO $ readIORef $ _scrCache scRef
-  httpMgr      <- asks (scManager . hcServerCtx)
-  sqlGenCtx    <- asks (scSQLGenCtx . hcServerCtx)
-  env          <- asks (scEnvironment . hcServerCtx)
-  instanceId   <- asks (scInstanceId . hcServerCtx)
-  logger       <- asks (scLogger . hcServerCtx)
+  userInfo             <- asks hcUser
+  scRef                <- asks (scCacheRef . hcServerCtx)
+  schemaCache          <- fmap fst $ liftIO $ readIORef $ _scrCache scRef
+  httpMgr              <- asks (scManager . hcServerCtx)
+  sqlGenCtx            <- asks (scSQLGenCtx . hcServerCtx)
+  env                  <- asks (scEnvironment . hcServerCtx)
+  instanceId           <- asks (scInstanceId . hcServerCtx)
+  logger               <- asks (scLogger . hcServerCtx)
  remoteSchemaPermsCtx <- asks (scRemoteSchemaPermsCtx . hcServerCtx)
+  functionPermsCtx     <- asks (scFunctionPermsCtx . hcServerCtx)
+  let serverConfigCtx = ServerConfigCtx functionPermsCtx remoteSchemaPermsCtx sqlGenCtx
  r <- withSCUpdate scRef logger $
-       runMetadataQuery env instanceId userInfo httpMgr sqlGenCtx remoteSchemaPermsCtx schemaCache query
+       runMetadataQuery env instanceId userInfo httpMgr serverConfigCtx schemaCache query
  pure $ HttpResponse r []

 v2QueryHandler
@ -453,7 +457,8 @@ v2QueryHandler query = do
      instanceId  <- asks (scInstanceId . hcServerCtx)
      env         <- asks (scEnvironment . hcServerCtx)
      remoteSchemaPermsCtx <- asks (scRemoteSchemaPermsCtx . hcServerCtx)
-      V2Q.runQuery env instanceId userInfo schemaCache httpMgr sqlGenCtx remoteSchemaPermsCtx query
+      functionPermsCtx     <- asks (scFunctionPermsCtx . hcServerCtx)
+      V2Q.runQuery env instanceId userInfo schemaCache httpMgr sqlGenCtx remoteSchemaPermsCtx functionPermsCtx query

 v1Alpha1GQHandler
  :: ( HasVersion
@ -727,13 +732,14 @@ mkWaiApp
  -> RebuildableSchemaCache
  -> EKG.Store
  -> RemoteSchemaPermsCtx
+  -> FunctionPermissionsCtx
  -> WS.ConnectionOptions
  -> KeepAliveDelay
  -- ^ Metadata storage connection pool
  -> m HasuraApp
 mkWaiApp env logger sqlGenCtx enableAL httpManager mode corsCfg enableConsole consoleAssetsDir
         enableTelemetry instanceId apis lqOpts _ {- planCacheOptions -} responseErrorsConfig
-         liveQueryHook schemaCache ekgStore enableRSPermsCtx connectionOptions keepAliveDelay = do
+         liveQueryHook schemaCache ekgStore enableRSPermsCtx functionPermsCtx connectionOptions keepAliveDelay = do

    -- See Note [Temporarily disabling query plan caching]
    -- (planCache, schemaCacheRef) <- initialiseCache
@ -762,6 +768,7 @@ mkWaiApp env logger sqlGenCtx enableAL httpManager mode corsCfg enableConsole co
                    , scEnvironment                  =  env
                    , scResponseInternalErrorsConfig = responseErrorsConfig
                    , scRemoteSchemaPermsCtx         = enableRSPermsCtx
+                    , scFunctionPermsCtx             = functionPermsCtx
                    }

    spockApp <- liftWithStateless $ \lowerIO ->
--- a/server/src-lib/Hasura/Server/Init.hs
+++ b/server/src-lib/Hasura/Server/Init.hs
@ -180,8 +180,7 @@ mkServeOptions rso = do
  logHeadersFromEnv <- withEnvBool (rsoLogHeadersFromEnv rso) (fst logHeadersFromEnvEnv)
  enableRemoteSchemaPerms <-
    bool RemoteSchemaPermsDisabled RemoteSchemaPermsEnabled <$>
-    (withEnvBool (rsoEnableRemoteSchemaPermissions rso) $
-                (fst enableRemoteSchemaPermsEnv))
+    (withEnvBool (rsoEnableRemoteSchemaPermissions rso) (fst enableRemoteSchemaPermsEnv))

  webSocketCompressionFromEnv <- withEnvBool (rsoWebSocketCompression rso) $
                                 fst webSocketCompressionEnv
@ -195,12 +194,17 @@ mkServeOptions rso = do
  webSocketKeepAlive <- KeepAliveDelay . fromIntegral . fromMaybe 5
      <$> withEnv (rsoWebSocketKeepAlive rso) (fst webSocketKeepAliveEnv)

+  inferFunctionPerms <-
+    maybe FunctionPermissionsInferred (bool FunctionPermissionsManual FunctionPermissionsInferred) <$>
+    (withEnv (rsoInferFunctionPermissions rso) (fst inferFunctionPermsEnv))
+
  return $ ServeOptions port host connParams txIso adminScrt authHook jwtSecret
                        unAuthRole corsCfg enableConsole consoleAssetsDir
                        enableTelemetry strfyNum enabledAPIs lqOpts enableAL
                        enabledLogs serverLogLevel planCacheOptions
                        internalErrorsConfig eventsHttpPoolSize eventsFetchInterval
                        logHeadersFromEnv enableRemoteSchemaPerms connectionOptions webSocketKeepAlive
+                        inferFunctionPerms
  where
 #ifdef DeveloperAPIs
    defaultAPIs = [METADATA,GRAPHQL,PGDUMP,CONFIG,DEVELOPER]
@ -544,6 +548,12 @@ enableRemoteSchemaPermsEnv =
  , "Enables remote schema permissions (default: false)"
  )

+inferFunctionPermsEnv :: (String, String)
+inferFunctionPermsEnv =
+  ( "HASURA_GRAPHQL_INFER_FUNCTION_PERMISSIONS"
+  , "Infers function permissions (default: true)"
+  )
+

 adminInternalErrorsEnv :: (String, String)
 adminInternalErrorsEnv =
@ -871,6 +881,13 @@ parseEnableRemoteSchemaPerms =
           help (snd enableRemoteSchemaPermsEnv)
         )

+parseInferFunctionPerms :: Parser (Maybe Bool)
+parseInferFunctionPerms = optional $
+  option ( eitherReader parseStrAsBool )
+         ( long "infer-function-permissions" <>
+           help (snd inferFunctionPermsEnv)
+         )
+
 mxRefetchDelayEnv :: (String, String)
 mxRefetchDelayEnv =
  ( "HASURA_GRAPHQL_LIVE_QUERIES_MULTIPLEXED_REFETCH_INTERVAL"
@ -983,6 +1000,7 @@ serveOptsToLog so =
      , "remote_schema_permissions" J..= soEnableRemoteSchemaPermissions so
      , "websocket_compression_options" J..= show (WS.connectionCompressionOptions . soConnectionOptions $ so)
      , "websocket_keep_alive" J..= show (soWebsocketKeepAlive so)
+      , "infer_function_permissions" J..= soInferFunctionPermissions so
      ]

 mkGenericStrLog :: L.LogLevel -> Text -> String -> StartupLog
@ -1031,6 +1049,7 @@ serveOptionsParser =
  <*> parseEnableRemoteSchemaPerms
  <*> parseWebSocketCompression
  <*> parseWebSocketKeepAlive
+  <*> parseInferFunctionPerms

 -- | This implements the mapping between application versions
 -- and catalog schema versions.
--- a/server/src-lib/Hasura/Server/Init/Config.hs
+++ b/server/src-lib/Hasura/Server/Init/Config.hs
@ -74,6 +74,7 @@ data RawServeOptions impl
  , rsoEnableRemoteSchemaPermissions :: !Bool
  , rsoWebSocketCompression          :: !Bool
  , rsoWebSocketKeepAlive            :: !(Maybe Int)
+  , rsoInferFunctionPermissions      :: !(Maybe Bool)
  }

 -- | @'ResponseInternalErrorsConfig' represents the encoding of the internal
@ -124,6 +125,7 @@ data ServeOptions impl
  , soEnableRemoteSchemaPermissions :: !RemoteSchemaPermsCtx
  , soConnectionOptions             :: !WS.ConnectionOptions
  , soWebsocketKeepAlive            :: !KeepAliveDelay
+  , soInferFunctionPermissions      :: !FunctionPermissionsCtx
  }

 data DowngradeOptions
--- a/server/src-lib/Hasura/Server/SchemaUpdate.hs
+++ b/server/src-lib/Hasura/Server/SchemaUpdate.hs
@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ data SchemaSyncEvent
 instance ToJSON SchemaSyncEvent where
  toJSON = \case
    SSEListenStart time -> String $ "event listening started at " <> tshow time
-    SSEPayload payload -> toJSON payload
+    SSEPayload payload  -> toJSON payload

 data ThreadError
  = TEPayloadParse !Text
@ -192,12 +192,14 @@ startSchemaSyncProcessorThread
  -> InstanceId
  -> UTC.UTCTime
  -> RemoteSchemaPermsCtx
+  -> FunctionPermissionsCtx
  -> ManagedT m Immortal.Thread
 startSchemaSyncProcessorThread sqlGenCtx logger httpMgr
-  schemaSyncEventRef cacheRef instanceId cacheInitStartTime remoteSchemaPermsCtx = do
+  schemaSyncEventRef cacheRef instanceId cacheInitStartTime remoteSchemaPermsCtx functionPermsCtx = do
  -- Start processor thread
  processorThread <- C.forkManagedT "SchemeUpdate.processor" logger $
-    processor sqlGenCtx logger httpMgr schemaSyncEventRef cacheRef instanceId cacheInitStartTime remoteSchemaPermsCtx
+    processor sqlGenCtx logger httpMgr schemaSyncEventRef
+              cacheRef instanceId cacheInitStartTime remoteSchemaPermsCtx  functionPermsCtx
  logThreadStarted logger instanceId TTProcessor processorThread
  pure processorThread

@ -258,9 +260,10 @@ processor
  -> InstanceId
  -> UTC.UTCTime
  -> RemoteSchemaPermsCtx
+  -> FunctionPermissionsCtx
  -> m void
 processor sqlGenCtx logger httpMgr updateEventRef
-  cacheRef instanceId cacheInitStartTime remoteSchemaPermsCtx =
+  cacheRef instanceId cacheInitStartTime remoteSchemaPermsCtx functionPermsCtx =
  -- Never exits
  forever $ do
    event <- liftIO $ STM.atomically getLatestEvent
@ -281,7 +284,7 @@ processor sqlGenCtx logger httpMgr updateEventRef

    when shouldReload $
      refreshSchemaCache sqlGenCtx logger httpMgr cacheRef cacheInvalidations
-        threadType remoteSchemaPermsCtx "schema cache reloaded"
+        threadType remoteSchemaPermsCtx functionPermsCtx "schema cache reloaded"
  where
    -- checks if there is an event
    -- and replaces it with Nothing
@ -307,10 +310,11 @@ refreshSchemaCache
  -> CacheInvalidations
  -> ThreadType
  -> RemoteSchemaPermsCtx
+  -> FunctionPermissionsCtx
  -> Text
  -> m ()
 refreshSchemaCache sqlGenCtx logger httpManager
-    cacheRef invalidations threadType remoteSchemaPermsCtx msg = do
+    cacheRef invalidations threadType remoteSchemaPermsCtx functionPermsCtx msg = do
  -- Reload schema cache from catalog
  eitherMetadata <- runMetadataStorageT fetchMetadata
  resE <- runExceptT $ do
@ -325,7 +329,8 @@ refreshSchemaCache sqlGenCtx logger httpManager
    Left e   -> logError logger threadType $ TEQueryError e
    Right () -> logInfo logger threadType $ object ["message" .= msg]
 where
-  runCtx = RunCtx adminUserInfo httpManager sqlGenCtx remoteSchemaPermsCtx
+   serverConfigCtx = ServerConfigCtx functionPermsCtx remoteSchemaPermsCtx sqlGenCtx
+   runCtx = RunCtx adminUserInfo httpManager serverConfigCtx

 logInfo :: (MonadIO m) => Logger Hasura -> ThreadType -> Value -> m ()
 logInfo logger threadType val = unLogger logger $
--- a/server/src-lib/Hasura/Server/Telemetry.hs
+++ b/server/src-lib/Hasura/Server/Telemetry.hs
@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ computeMetrics sc _mtServiceTimings _mtPgVersion =
      _mtEventTriggers = Map.size $ Map.filter (not . Map.null)
                    $ Map.map _tiEventTriggerInfoMap userTables
      _mtRemoteSchemas   = Map.size $ scRemoteSchemas sc
-      _mtFunctions = Map.size $ Map.filter (not . isSystemDefined . fiSystemDefined) pgFunctionCache
+      _mtFunctions = Map.size $ Map.filter (not . isSystemDefined . _fiSystemDefined) pgFunctionCache
      _mtActions = computeActionsMetrics $ scActions sc

  in Metrics{..}
--- a/server/src-test/Hasura/Server/MigrateSpec.hs
+++ b/server/src-test/Hasura/Server/MigrateSpec.hs
@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ newtype CacheRefT m a
  = CacheRefT { runCacheRefT :: MVar RebuildableSchemaCache -> m a }
  deriving
    ( Functor, Applicative, Monad, MonadIO, MonadError e, MonadBase b, MonadBaseControl b
-    , MonadTx, MonadUnique, UserInfoM, HTTP.HasHttpManagerM, HasSQLGenCtx)
+    , MonadTx, MonadUnique, UserInfoM, HTTP.HasHttpManagerM, HasServerConfigCtx)
    via (ReaderT (MVar RebuildableSchemaCache) m)

 instance MonadTrans CacheRefT where
@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ instance (MonadBase IO m) => CacheRM (CacheRefT m) where
  askSchemaCache = CacheRefT (fmap lastBuiltSchemaCache . readMVar)

 instance (MonadIO m, MonadBaseControl IO m, MonadTx m, HTTP.HasHttpManagerM m
-         , HasSQLGenCtx m, HasRemoteSchemaPermsCtx m, MonadResolveSource m) => CacheRWM (CacheRefT m) where
+         , MonadResolveSource m, HasServerConfigCtx m) => CacheRWM (CacheRefT m) where
  buildSchemaCacheWithOptions reason invalidations metadata = CacheRefT $ flip modifyMVar \schemaCache -> do
    ((), cache, _) <- runCacheRWT schemaCache (buildSchemaCacheWithOptions reason invalidations metadata)
    pure (cache, ())
@ -72,8 +72,7 @@ spec
     , MonadBaseControl IO m
     , MonadError QErr m
     , HTTP.HasHttpManagerM m
-     , HasSQLGenCtx m
-     , HasRemoteSchemaPermsCtx m
+     , HasServerConfigCtx m
     , MonadResolveSource m
     )
  => SourceConfiguration -> PGExecCtx -> Q.ConnInfo -> SpecWithCache m
--- a/server/src-test/Main.hs
+++ b/server/src-test/Main.hs
@ -97,8 +97,8 @@ buildPostgresSpecs maybeUrlTemplate = do
      setupCacheRef = do
        httpManager <- HTTP.newManager HTTP.tlsManagerSettings
        let sqlGenCtx = SQLGenCtx False
-            cacheBuildParams = CacheBuildParams httpManager sqlGenCtx RemoteSchemaPermsDisabled
-                               (mkPgSourceResolver print)
+            serverConfigCtx = ServerConfigCtx FunctionPermissionsInferred RemoteSchemaPermsDisabled sqlGenCtx
+            cacheBuildParams = CacheBuildParams httpManager (mkPgSourceResolver print) serverConfigCtx

            run :: CacheBuild a -> IO a
            run =
--- a/server/tests-py/conftest.py
+++ b/server/tests-py/conftest.py
@ -82,6 +82,13 @@ def pytest_addoption(parser):
        help="Run testcases for logging"
    )

+    parser.addoption(
+        "--test-function-permissions",
+        action="store_true",
+        required=False,
+        help="Run manual function permission tests"
+    )
+
    parser.addoption(
        "--test-jwk-url",
        action="store_true",
@ -283,6 +290,12 @@ def actions_fixture(hge_ctx):
    webhook_httpd.server_close()
    web_server.join()

+@pytest.fixture(scope='class')
+def functions_permissions_fixtures(hge_ctx):
+    if not hge_ctx.function_permissions:
+        pytest.skip('These tests are meant to be run with --test-function-permissions set')
+        return
+
@pytest.fixture(scope='class')
 def scheduled_triggers_evts_webhook(request):
    webhook_httpd = EvtsWebhookServer(server_address=('127.0.0.1', 5594))
--- a/server/tests-py/context.py
+++ b/server/tests-py/context.py
@ -473,6 +473,7 @@ class HGECtx:
        self.webhook_insecure = config.getoption('--test-webhook-insecure')
        self.metadata_disabled = config.getoption('--test-metadata-disabled')
        self.may_skip_test_teardown = False
+        self.function_permissions = config.getoption('--test-function-permissions')

        self.engine = create_engine(self.pg_url)
        self.meta = MetaData()
--- a/server/tests-py/queries/graphql_mutation/functions/create_function_permission_add_to_score.yaml
+++ b/server/tests-py/queries/graphql_mutation/functions/create_function_permission_add_to_score.yaml
@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+type: pg_create_function_permission
+args:
+  function: add_to_score
+  role: anonymous
--- a/server/tests-py/queries/graphql_mutation/functions/drop_function_permission_add_to_score.yaml
+++ b/server/tests-py/queries/graphql_mutation/functions/drop_function_permission_add_to_score.yaml
@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+type: pg_drop_function_permission
+args:
+  function: add_to_score
+  role: anonymous
--- a/server/tests-py/queries/graphql_mutation/functions/function_without_function_permission.yaml
+++ b/server/tests-py/queries/graphql_mutation/functions/function_without_function_permission.yaml
@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+- description: Fails as anonymous role doesn't have access to the `add_to_score` function
+  headers:
+    X-Hasura-Role: anonymous
+  url: /v1/graphql
+  status: 200
+  query:
+    query: |
+      mutation {
+        add_to_score(args: {search: "Black"}){
+          name
+          score
+          role_echo
+        }
+      }
+  response:
+    errors:
+    - extensions:
+        path: $
+        code: validation-failed
+      message: no mutations exist
--- a/server/tests-py/queries/graphql_query/functions/permissions/add_function_permission_get_articles.yaml
+++ b/server/tests-py/queries/graphql_query/functions/permissions/add_function_permission_get_articles.yaml
@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+type: pg_create_function_permission
+args:
+  role: user
+  function: get_articles
--- a/server/tests-py/queries/graphql_query/functions/permissions/get_articles_with_permission_configured.yaml
+++ b/server/tests-py/queries/graphql_query/functions/permissions/get_articles_with_permission_configured.yaml
@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+- description: Query function as a role without permission being configured for the role
+  url: /v1/graphql
+  status: 200
+  headers:
+    X-Hasura-Role: user
+    X-Hasura-User-Id: '1'
+  response:
+    data:
+      get_articles:
+        - title: Article 1
+          content: Sample article content 1
+        - title: Article 2
+          content: Sample article content 2
+        - title: Article 3
+          content: Sample article content 3
+  query:
+    query: |
+      query {
+        get_articles(args: {search: "art"}) {
+          title
+          content
+        }
+      }
--- a/server/tests-py/queries/graphql_query/functions/permissions/get_articles_without_permission_configured.yaml
+++ b/server/tests-py/queries/graphql_query/functions/permissions/get_articles_without_permission_configured.yaml
@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+description: Query function as a role without permission being configured for the role
+url: /v1/graphql
+status: 200
+headers:
+  X-Hasura-Role: user
+response:
+  errors:
+    - extensions:
+        path: $.selectionSet.get_articles
+        code: validation-failed
+      message: "field \"get_articles\" not found in type: 'query_root'"
+query:
+  query: |
+    query {
+      get_articles(args: {search: "art"}) {
+        title
+        content
+      }
+    }
--- a/server/tests-py/queries/graphql_query/functions/permissions/setup.yaml
+++ b/server/tests-py/queries/graphql_query/functions/permissions/setup.yaml
@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+type: bulk
+args:
+
+- type: run_sql
+  args:
+    sql: |
+      create table author(
+          id serial primary key,
+          name text unique,
+          is_registered boolean not null default false,
+          remarks_internal text
+      );
+
+      INSERT INTO author (name, remarks_internal)
+        VALUES
+        ('Author 1', 'remark 1'),
+        ('Author 2', 'remark 2'),
+        ('Author 3', 'remark 3');
+
+      CREATE TABLE article (
+        id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
+        title TEXT,
+        content TEXT,
+        author_id INTEGER NOT NULL REFERENCES author(id),
+        is_published BOOLEAN NOT NULL default FALSE,
+        published_on TIMESTAMP
+      );
+
+      INSERT INTO article (title, content, author_id, is_published)
+        VALUES
+        ('Article 1', 'Sample article content 1', 1, false),
+        ('Article 2', 'Sample article content 2', 1, true),
+        ('Article 3', 'Sample article content 3', 2, true),
+        ('Article 4', 'Sample article content 4', 3, false);
+
+      CREATE FUNCTION get_articles(search text)
+      RETURNS SETOF article AS $$
+          SELECT *
+          FROM article
+          WHERE
+            title ilike ('%' || search || '%')
+            OR content ilike ('%' || search || '%')
+      $$ LANGUAGE sql STABLE;
+
+- type: track_table
+  args:
+    table: author
+
+- type: track_table
+  args:
+    table: article
+
+- type: track_function
+  args:
+    name: get_articles
+    schema: public
+
+- type: create_select_permission
+  args:
+    table: article
+    role: user
+    permission:
+      columns:
+        - title
+        - content
+        - is_published
+      filter:
+        _or:
+        - id: X-HASURA-USER-ID
+        - is_published:
+            _eq: true
--- a/server/tests-py/queries/graphql_query/functions/permissions/teardown.yaml
+++ b/server/tests-py/queries/graphql_query/functions/permissions/teardown.yaml
@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+type: bulk
+args:
+
+- type: run_sql
+  args:
+    sql: |
+      DROP TABLE article cascade;
+      DROP TABLE author cascade;
+    cascade: true
--- a/server/tests-py/test_graphql_mutations.py
+++ b/server/tests-py/test_graphql_mutations.py
@ -588,9 +588,14 @@ class TestGraphQLMutateEnums:
    def test_delete_where_enum_field(self, hge_ctx, transport):
        check_query_f(hge_ctx, self.dir() + '/delete_where_enum_field.yaml', transport)

+use_function_permission_fixtures = usefixtures(
+    'per_class_db_schema_for_mutation_tests',
+    'per_method_db_data_for_mutation_tests',
+    'functions_permissions_fixtures'
+)
 # Tracking VOLATILE SQL functions as mutations, or queries (#1514)
@pytest.mark.parametrize('transport', ['http', 'websocket'])
-@use_mutation_fixtures
+@use_function_permission_fixtures
 class TestGraphQLMutationFunctions:
    @classmethod
    def dir(cls):
@ -609,7 +614,17 @@ class TestGraphQLMutationFunctions:
    def test_functions_as_mutations(self, hge_ctx, transport):
        check_query_f(hge_ctx, self.dir() + '/function_as_mutations.yaml', transport)

+    # When graphql-engine is started with `--infer-function-permissions=false` then
+    # a function is only accessible to a role when the permission is granted through
+    # the `pg_create_function_permission` definition
+    def test_function_as_mutation_without_function_permission(self, hge_ctx, transport):
+        check_query_f(hge_ctx, self.dir() + '/function_without_function_permission.yaml')
+
    # Ensure select permissions on the corresponding SETOF table apply to
    # the return set of the mutation field backed by the tracked function.
    def test_functions_as_mutations_permissions(self, hge_ctx, transport):
+        st_code, resp = hge_ctx.v1metadataq_f(self.dir() + '/create_function_permission_add_to_score.yaml')
+        assert st_code == 200, resp
        check_query_f(hge_ctx, self.dir() + '/function_as_mutations_permissions.yaml', transport)
+        st_code, resp = hge_ctx.v1metadataq_f(self.dir() + '/drop_function_permission_add_to_score.yaml')
+        assert st_code == 200, resp
--- a/server/tests-py/test_graphql_queries.py
+++ b/server/tests-py/test_graphql_queries.py
@ -806,3 +806,24 @@ def _test_relay_pagination(hge_ctx, transport, test_file_prefix, no_of_pages):
        page_no = i + 1
        test_file = "page_" + str(page_no) + ".yaml"
        check_query_f(hge_ctx, test_file_prefix + "/" + test_file, transport)
+
+use_function_permission_fixtures = pytest.mark.usefixtures(
+    'per_method_tests_db_state',
+    'functions_permissions_fixtures'
+)
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize('transport', ['http', 'websocket'])
+@use_function_permission_fixtures
+class TestGraphQLQueryFunctionPermissions:
+
+    @classmethod
+    def dir(cls):
+        return 'queries/graphql_query/functions/permissions/'
+
+    def test_access_function_without_permission_configured(self, hge_ctx, transport):
+        check_query_f(hge_ctx, self.dir() + 'get_articles_without_permission_configured.yaml')
+
+    def test_access_function_with_permission_configured(self, hge_ctx, transport):
+        st_code, resp = hge_ctx.v1metadataq_f(self.dir() + 'add_function_permission_get_articles.yaml')
+        assert st_code == 200, resp
+        check_query_f(hge_ctx, self.dir() + 'get_articles_with_permission_configured.yaml')