{-# OPTIONS_GHC -fno-warn-orphans #-} module Hasura.Backends.MSSQL.Instances.Execute ( MultiplexedQuery' (..), multiplexRootReselect, ) where import Control.Monad.Validate qualified as V import Data.Aeson.Extended qualified as J import Data.HashMap.Strict qualified as Map import Data.HashSet qualified as Set import Data.List.NonEmpty qualified as NE import Data.Text.Extended qualified as T import Database.MSSQL.Transaction qualified as Tx import Database.ODBC.Internal qualified as ODBCI import Database.ODBC.SQLServer qualified as ODBC import Hasura.Backends.MSSQL.Connection import Hasura.Backends.MSSQL.FromIr as TSQL import Hasura.Backends.MSSQL.Plan import Hasura.Backends.MSSQL.SQL.Value (txtEncodedColVal) import Hasura.Backends.MSSQL.ToQuery as TQ import Hasura.Backends.MSSQL.Types as TSQL import Hasura.Base.Error import Hasura.EncJSON import Hasura.GraphQL.Execute.Backend import Hasura.GraphQL.Execute.LiveQuery.Plan import Hasura.GraphQL.Parser import Hasura.Prelude import Hasura.RQL.IR import Hasura.RQL.IR qualified as IR import Hasura.RQL.Types import Hasura.RQL.Types qualified as RQLTypes import Hasura.RQL.Types.Column qualified as RQLColumn import Hasura.SQL.AnyBackend qualified as AB import Hasura.Session import Language.GraphQL.Draft.Syntax qualified as G instance BackendExecute 'MSSQL where type PreparedQuery 'MSSQL = Text type MultiplexedQuery 'MSSQL = MultiplexedQuery' type ExecutionMonad 'MSSQL = ExceptT QErr IO mkDBQueryPlan = msDBQueryPlan mkDBMutationPlan = msDBMutationPlan mkDBSubscriptionPlan = msDBSubscriptionPlan mkDBQueryExplain = msDBQueryExplain mkLiveQueryExplain = msDBLiveQueryExplain -- NOTE: Currently unimplemented!. -- -- This function is just a stub for future implementation; for now it just -- throws a 500 error. mkDBRemoteRelationshipPlan = msDBRemoteRelationshipPlan -- Multiplexed query newtype MultiplexedQuery' = MultiplexedQuery' Reselect instance T.ToTxt MultiplexedQuery' where toTxt (MultiplexedQuery' reselect) = T.toTxt $ toQueryPretty $ fromReselect reselect -- Query msDBQueryPlan :: forall m. ( MonadError QErr m ) => UserInfo -> SourceName -> SourceConfig 'MSSQL -> QueryDB 'MSSQL (Const Void) (UnpreparedValue 'MSSQL) -> m (DBStepInfo 'MSSQL) msDBQueryPlan userInfo sourceName sourceConfig qrf = do -- TODO (naveen): Append Query Tags to the query let sessionVariables = _uiSession userInfo statement <- planQuery sessionVariables qrf let printer = fromSelect statement queryString = ODBC.renderQuery $ toQueryPretty printer pool = _mscConnectionPool sourceConfig odbcQuery = encJFromText <$> runJSONPathQuery pool (toQueryFlat printer) pure $ DBStepInfo @'MSSQL sourceName sourceConfig (Just queryString) odbcQuery runShowplan :: ODBC.Query -> ODBC.Connection -> IO [Text] runShowplan query conn = do ODBC.exec conn "SET SHOWPLAN_TEXT ON" texts <- ODBC.query conn query ODBC.exec conn "SET SHOWPLAN_TEXT OFF" -- we don't need to use 'finally' here - if an exception occurs, -- the connection is removed from the resource pool in 'withResource'. pure texts msDBQueryExplain :: MonadError QErr m => G.Name -> UserInfo -> SourceName -> SourceConfig 'MSSQL -> QueryDB 'MSSQL (Const Void) (UnpreparedValue 'MSSQL) -> m (AB.AnyBackend DBStepInfo) msDBQueryExplain fieldName userInfo sourceName sourceConfig qrf = do let sessionVariables = _uiSession userInfo statement <- planQuery sessionVariables qrf let query = toQueryPretty (fromSelect statement) queryString = ODBC.renderQuery query pool = _mscConnectionPool sourceConfig odbcQuery = withMSSQLPool pool ( \conn -> do showplan <- runShowplan query conn pure ( encJFromJValue $ ExplainPlan fieldName (Just queryString) (Just showplan) ) ) pure $ AB.mkAnyBackend $ DBStepInfo @'MSSQL sourceName sourceConfig Nothing odbcQuery msDBLiveQueryExplain :: (MonadIO m, MonadError QErr m) => LiveQueryPlan 'MSSQL (MultiplexedQuery 'MSSQL) -> m LiveQueryPlanExplanation msDBLiveQueryExplain (LiveQueryPlan plan sourceConfig variables) = do let (MultiplexedQuery' reselect) = _plqpQuery plan query = toQueryPretty $ fromSelect $ multiplexRootReselect [(dummyCohortId, variables)] reselect pool = _mscConnectionPool sourceConfig explainInfo <- withMSSQLPool pool (runShowplan query) pure $ LiveQueryPlanExplanation (T.toTxt query) explainInfo variables -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Producing the correct SQL-level list comprehension to multiplex a query -- Problem description: -- -- Generate a query that repeats the same query N times but with -- certain slots replaced: -- -- [ Select x y | (x,y) <- [..] ] -- multiplexRootReselect :: [(CohortId, CohortVariables)] -> TSQL.Reselect -> TSQL.Select multiplexRootReselect variables rootReselect = emptySelect { selectTop = NoTop, selectProjections = [ FieldNameProjection Aliased { aliasedThing = TSQL.FieldName { fieldNameEntity = rowAlias, fieldName = resultIdAlias }, aliasedAlias = resultIdAlias }, ExpressionProjection Aliased { aliasedThing = ColumnExpression ( TSQL.FieldName { fieldNameEntity = resultAlias, fieldName = TSQL.jsonFieldName } ), aliasedAlias = resultAlias } ], selectFrom = Just $ FromOpenJson Aliased { aliasedThing = OpenJson { openJsonExpression = ValueExpression (ODBC.TextValue $ lbsToTxt $ J.encode variables), openJsonWith = Just $ NE.fromList [ UuidField resultIdAlias (Just $ IndexPath RootPath 0), JsonField resultVarsAlias (Just $ IndexPath RootPath 1) ] }, aliasedAlias = rowAlias }, selectJoins = [ Join { joinSource = JoinReselect rootReselect, joinJoinAlias = JoinAlias { joinAliasEntity = resultAlias, joinAliasField = Just TSQL.jsonFieldName } } ], selectWhere = Where mempty, selectFor = JsonFor ForJson {jsonCardinality = JsonArray, jsonRoot = NoRoot}, selectOrderBy = Nothing, selectOffset = Nothing } -- mutation msDBMutationPlan :: forall m. ( MonadError QErr m ) => UserInfo -> Bool -> SourceName -> SourceConfig 'MSSQL -> MutationDB 'MSSQL (Const Void) (UnpreparedValue 'MSSQL) -> m (DBStepInfo 'MSSQL) msDBMutationPlan userInfo stringifyNum sourceName sourceConfig mrf = do go <$> case mrf of MDBInsert annInsert -> executeInsert userInfo stringifyNum sourceConfig annInsert MDBUpdate _annUpdate -> throw400 NotSupported "update mutations are not supported in MSSQL" MDBDelete _annDelete -> throw400 NotSupported "delete mutations are not supported in MSSQL" MDBFunction {} -> throw400 NotSupported "function mutations are not supported in MSSQL" where go v = DBStepInfo @'MSSQL sourceName sourceConfig Nothing v -- | Execution of a MSSQL insert mutation broadly involves two steps. -- -- -- insert_table(objects: [ -- -- {column1: value1, column2: value2}, -- -- {column1: value3, column2: value4} -- -- ] -- -- ){ -- -- affected_rows -- -- returning { -- -- column1 -- -- column2 -- -- } -- -- } -- -- -- Step 1: Inserting rows into the table -- -- -- -- a. Generate an SQL Insert statement from the GraphQL insert mutation with OUTPUT expression to return -- -- primary key column values after insertion. -- -- b. Before insert, Set IDENTITY_INSERT to ON if any insert row contains atleast one identity column. -- -- -- -- SET IDENTITY_INSERT some_table ON; -- -- INSERT INTO some_table (column1, column2) OUTPUT INSERTED.pkey_column1, INSERTED.pkey_column2 VALUES (value1, value2), (value3, value4); -- -- -- Step 2: Generation of the mutation response -- -- -- -- An SQL statement is generated and when executed it returns the mutation selection set containing 'affected_rows' and 'returning' field values. -- -- The statement is generated with multiple sub select queries explained below: -- -- -- -- a. A SQL Select statement to fetch only inserted rows from the table using primary key column values fetched from -- -- Step 1 in the WHERE clause -- -- -- -- := -- -- SELECT * FROM some_table WHERE (pkey_column1 = value1 AND pkey_column2 = value2) OR (pkey_column1 = value3 AND pkey_column2 = value4) -- -- -- -- The above select statement is referred through a common table expression - "WITH [with_alias] AS ()" -- -- -- -- b. The 'affected_rows' field value is obtained by using COUNT aggregation and the 'returning' field selection set is translated to -- -- a SQL select statement using @'mkSQLSelect'. -- -- -- -- := -- -- SELECT (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM [with_alias]) AS [affected_rows], (select_from_returning) AS [returning] FOR JSON PATH, INCLUDE_NULL_VALUES, WITHOUT_ARRAY_WRAPPER -- -- -- -- c. Evaluate the check constraint using CASE expression. We use SUM aggregation to check if any inserted row has failed the check constraint. -- -- -- -- := -- -- SELECT SUM(CASE WHEN THEN 0 ELSE 1 END) FROM [with_alias] -- -- -- -- d. The final select statement look like -- -- -- -- WITH "with_alias" AS () -- -- SELECT () AS [mutation_response], () AS [check_constraint_select] -- -- -- -- When executed, the above statement returns a single row with mutation response as a string value and check constraint result as an integer value. executeInsert :: MonadError QErr m => UserInfo -> Bool -> SourceConfig 'MSSQL -> AnnInsert 'MSSQL (Const Void) (UnpreparedValue 'MSSQL) -> m (ExceptT QErr IO EncJSON) executeInsert userInfo stringifyNum sourceConfig annInsert = do -- Convert the leaf values from @'UnpreparedValue' to sql @'Expression' insert <- traverse (prepareValueQuery sessionVariables) annInsert let insertTx = buildInsertTx insert pure $ liftEitherM $ withMSSQLPool pool $ runExceptT . Tx.runTxE fromMSSQLTxError insertTx where sessionVariables = _uiSession userInfo pool = _mscConnectionPool sourceConfig table = _aiTableName $ _aiData annInsert withSelectTableAlias = "t_" <> tableName table withAlias = "with_alias" buildInsertTx :: AnnInsert 'MSSQL (Const Void) Expression -> Tx.TxET QErr IO EncJSON buildInsertTx insert = do let identityColumns = _mssqlIdentityColumns $ _aiExtraInsertData $ _aiData insert insertColumns = concatMap (map fst . getInsertColumns) $ _aiInsObj $ _aiData insert -- Set identity insert to ON if insert object contains identity columns when (any (`elem` identityColumns) insertColumns) $ Tx.unitQueryE fromMSSQLTxError $ toQueryFlat $ TQ.fromSetIdentityInsert $ SetIdenityInsert (_aiTableName $ _aiData insert) SetON -- Generate the INSERT query let insertQuery = toQueryFlat $ TQ.fromInsert $ TSQL.fromInsert insert fromODBCException e = (err400 MSSQLError "insert query exception") {qeInternal = Just (ExtraInternal $ odbcExceptionToJSONValue e)} -- Execute the INSERT query and fetch the primary key values primaryKeyValues <- Tx.buildGenericTxE fromODBCException $ \conn -> ODBCI.query conn (ODBC.renderQuery insertQuery) let withSelect = generateWithSelect primaryKeyValues -- WITH [with_alias] AS (select_query) withExpression = With $ pure $ Aliased withSelect withAlias mutationOutputSelect <- mkMutationOutputSelect stringifyNum withAlias $ _aiOutput insert let (checkCondition, _) = _aiCheckCond $ _aiData insert -- The check constraint is translated to boolean expression checkBoolExp <- V.runValidate (runFromIr $ runReaderT (fromGBoolExp checkCondition) (EntityAlias withAlias)) `onLeft` (throw500 . tshow) -- SELECT () AS [mutation_response], () AS [check_constraint_select] let mutationOutputCheckConstraintSelect = selectMutationOutputAndCheckCondition mutationOutputSelect checkBoolExp -- WITH "with_alias" AS () -- SELECT () AS [mutation_response], () AS [check_constraint_select] finalSelect = mutationOutputCheckConstraintSelect {selectWith = Just withExpression} (responseText, checkConditionInt) <- Tx.singleRowQueryE fromMSSQLTxError (toQueryFlat $ TQ.fromSelect finalSelect) unless (checkConditionInt == (0 :: Int)) $ throw400 PermissionError "check constraint of an insert permission has failed" pure $ encJFromText responseText columnFieldExpression :: ODBCI.Column -> Expression columnFieldExpression column = ColumnExpression $ TSQL.FieldName (ODBCI.columnName column) withSelectTableAlias generateWithSelect :: [[(ODBCI.Column, ODBC.Value)]] -> Select generateWithSelect pkeyValues = emptySelect { selectProjections = [StarProjection], selectFrom = Just $ FromQualifiedTable $ Aliased table withSelectTableAlias, selectWhere = whereExpression } where -- WHERE (column1 = value1 AND column2 = value2) OR (column1 = value3 AND column2 = value4) whereExpression = let mkColumnEqExpression (column, value) = OpExpression EQ' (columnFieldExpression column) (ValueExpression value) in Where $ pure $ OrExpression $ map (AndExpression . map mkColumnEqExpression) pkeyValues generateCheckConstraintSelect :: Expression -> Select generateCheckConstraintSelect checkBoolExp = let zeroValue = ValueExpression $ ODBC.IntValue 0 oneValue = ValueExpression $ ODBC.IntValue 1 caseExpression = ConditionalExpression checkBoolExp zeroValue oneValue sumAggregate = OpAggregate "SUM" [caseExpression] in emptySelect { selectProjections = [AggregateProjection (Aliased sumAggregate "check")], selectFrom = Just $ TSQL.FromIdentifier withAlias } selectMutationOutputAndCheckCondition :: Select -> Expression -> Select selectMutationOutputAndCheckCondition mutationOutputSelect checkBoolExp = let mutationOutputProjection = ExpressionProjection $ Aliased (SelectExpression mutationOutputSelect) "mutation_response" checkConstraintProjection = ExpressionProjection $ Aliased (SelectExpression (generateCheckConstraintSelect checkBoolExp)) "check_constraint_select" in emptySelect {selectProjections = [mutationOutputProjection, checkConstraintProjection]} -- | Generate a SQL SELECT statement which outputs the mutation response -- -- For multi row inserts: -- SELECT (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM [with_alias]) AS [affected_rows], (select_from_returning) AS [returning] FOR JSON PATH, INCLUDE_NULL_VALUES, WITHOUT_ARRAY_WRAPPER -- -- For single row insert: the selection set is translated to SQL query using @'mkSQLSelect' mkMutationOutputSelect :: (MonadError QErr m) => Bool -> Text -> MutationOutputG 'MSSQL (Const Void) Expression -> m Select mkMutationOutputSelect stringifyNum withAlias = \case IR.MOutMultirowFields multiRowFields -> do projections <- forM multiRowFields $ \(fieldName, field') -> do let mkProjection = ExpressionProjection . flip Aliased (getFieldNameTxt fieldName) . SelectExpression mkProjection <$> case field' of IR.MCount -> pure countSelect IR.MExp t -> pure $ textSelect t IR.MRet returningFields -> mkSelect JASMultipleRows returningFields let forJson = JsonFor $ ForJson JsonSingleton NoRoot pure emptySelect {selectFor = forJson, selectProjections = projections} IR.MOutSinglerowObject singleRowField -> mkSelect JASSingleObject singleRowField where mkSelect jsonAggSelect annFields = do let annSelect = IR.AnnSelectG annFields (IR.FromIdentifier withAlias) IR.noTablePermissions IR.noSelectArgs stringifyNum V.runValidate (runFromIr $ mkSQLSelect jsonAggSelect annSelect) `onLeft` (throw500 . tshow) -- SELECT COUNT(*) FROM [with_alias] countSelect = let countProjection = AggregateProjection $ Aliased (CountAggregate StarCountable) "count" in emptySelect { selectProjections = [countProjection], selectFrom = Just $ TSQL.FromIdentifier withAlias } textSelect t = let textProjection = ExpressionProjection $ Aliased (ValueExpression (ODBC.TextValue t)) "exp" in emptySelect {selectProjections = [textProjection]} -- subscription msDBSubscriptionPlan :: forall m. ( MonadError QErr m, MonadIO m ) => UserInfo -> SourceName -> SourceConfig 'MSSQL -> InsOrdHashMap G.Name (QueryDB 'MSSQL (Const Void) (UnpreparedValue 'MSSQL)) -> m (LiveQueryPlan 'MSSQL (MultiplexedQuery 'MSSQL)) msDBSubscriptionPlan UserInfo {_uiSession, _uiRole} _sourceName sourceConfig rootFields = do (reselect, prepareState) <- planSubscription rootFields _uiSession cohortVariables <- prepareStateCohortVariables sourceConfig _uiSession prepareState let parameterizedPlan = ParameterizedLiveQueryPlan _uiRole $ MultiplexedQuery' reselect pure $ LiveQueryPlan parameterizedPlan sourceConfig cohortVariables prepareStateCohortVariables :: (MonadError QErr m, MonadIO m) => SourceConfig 'MSSQL -> SessionVariables -> PrepareState -> m CohortVariables prepareStateCohortVariables sourceConfig session prepState = do (namedVars, posVars) <- validateVariables sourceConfig session prepState let PrepareState {sessionVariables} = prepState pure $ mkCohortVariables sessionVariables session namedVars posVars -- | Ensure that the set of variables (with value instantiations) that occur in -- a (RQL) query produce a well-formed and executable (SQL) query when -- considered in isolation. -- -- This helps avoiding cascading failures in multiplexed queries. -- -- c.f. https://github.com/hasura/graphql-engine-mono/issues/1210. validateVariables :: (MonadError QErr m, MonadIO m) => SourceConfig 'MSSQL -> SessionVariables -> PrepareState -> m (ValidatedQueryVariables, ValidatedSyntheticVariables) validateVariables sourceConfig sessionVariableValues prepState = do let PrepareState {sessionVariables, namedArguments, positionalArguments} = prepState -- We generate a single 'canary' query in the form: -- -- SELECT ... [session].[x-hasura-foo] as [x-hasura-foo], ... as a, ... as b, ... -- FROM OPENJSON('...') -- WITH ([x-hasura-foo] NVARCHAR(MAX)) as [session] -- -- where 'a', 'b', etc. are aliases given to positional arguments. -- Named arguments and session variables are aliased to themselves. -- -- The idea being that if the canary query succeeds we can be -- reasonably confident that adding these variables to a query being -- polled will not crash the poller. occSessionVars = filterSessionVariables (\k _ -> Set.member k sessionVariables) sessionVariableValues expSes, expNamed, expPos :: [Aliased Expression] expSes = sessionReference <$> getSessionVariables occSessionVars expNamed = map ( \(n, v) -> Aliased (ValueExpression (RQLColumn.cvValue v)) (G.unName n) ) $ Map.toList $ namedArguments -- For positional args we need to be a bit careful not to capture names -- from expNamed and expSes (however unlikely) expPos = zipWith (\n v -> Aliased (ValueExpression (RQLColumn.cvValue v)) n) (freshVars (expNamed <> expSes)) positionalArguments projAll :: [Projection] projAll = map ExpressionProjection (expSes <> expNamed <> expPos) canaryQuery = if null projAll then Nothing else Just $ renderQuery emptySelect { selectProjections = projAll, selectFrom = sessionOpenJson occSessionVars } onJust canaryQuery ( \q -> do _ :: [[ODBC.Value]] <- withMSSQLPool (_mscConnectionPool sourceConfig) (`ODBC.query` q) pure () ) pure ( ValidatedVariables $ txtEncodedColVal <$> namedArguments, ValidatedVariables $ txtEncodedColVal <$> positionalArguments ) where renderQuery :: Select -> ODBC.Query renderQuery = toQueryFlat . fromSelect freshVars :: [Aliased a] -> [Text] freshVars boundNames = filter (not . (`elem` map aliasedAlias boundNames)) chars -- Infinite list of expression aliases. chars :: [Text] chars = [y T.<>> x | y <- [""] <|> chars, x <- ['a' .. 'z']] sessionOpenJson :: SessionVariables -> Maybe From sessionOpenJson occSessionVars = nonEmpty (getSessionVariables occSessionVars) <&> \fields -> FromOpenJson $ Aliased ( OpenJson (ValueExpression $ ODBC.TextValue $ lbsToTxt $ J.encode occSessionVars) (pure (sessField <$> fields)) ) "session" sessField :: Text -> JsonFieldSpec sessField var = StringField var Nothing sessionReference :: Text -> Aliased Expression sessionReference var = Aliased (ColumnExpression (TSQL.FieldName var "session")) var -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Remote Relationships (e.g. DB-to-DB Joins, remote schema joins, etc.) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- | Construct an action (i.e. 'DBStepInfo') which can marshal some remote -- relationship information into a form that SQL Server can query against. -- -- XXX: Currently unimplemented; the Postgres implementation uses -- @jsonb_to_recordset@ to query the remote relationship, however this -- functionality doesn't exist in SQL Server. -- -- NOTE: The following typeclass constraints will be necessary when implementing -- this function for real: -- -- @ -- MonadQueryTags m -- Backend 'MSSQL -- @ msDBRemoteRelationshipPlan :: forall m. ( MonadError QErr m ) => UserInfo -> SourceName -> SourceConfig 'MSSQL -> -- | List of json objects, each of which becomes a row of the table. NonEmpty J.Object -> -- | The above objects have this schema -- -- XXX: What is this for/what does this mean? HashMap RQLTypes.FieldName (RQLTypes.Column 'MSSQL, RQLTypes.ScalarType 'MSSQL) -> -- | This is a field name from the lhs that *has* to be selected in the -- response along with the relationship. RQLTypes.FieldName -> (RQLTypes.FieldName, SourceRelationshipSelection 'MSSQL (Const Void) UnpreparedValue) -> m (DBStepInfo 'MSSQL) msDBRemoteRelationshipPlan _userInfo _sourceName _sourceConfig _lhs _lhsSchema _argumentId _relationship = do throw500 "mkDBRemoteRelationshipPlan: SQL Server (MSSQL) does not currently support generalized joins."