mirror of
https://github.com/ilyakooo0/helix.git
synced 2024-11-28 21:20:23 +03:00
1192 lines
36 KiB
Plaintext
1192 lines
36 KiB
Plaintext
|
|
|
|
.
|
|
###x. .|
|
|
d#####x, ,v||
|
|
'+#####v||||||
|
|
,v|||||+'. _ _ _
|
|
,v|||||^'>#### | | | | ___ | | (_) __ __
|
|
|||||^' .v#### | |___| | / \ | | _ \ \/ /
|
|
||||=..v#####P' | ___ | / ^ | | | | | \ /
|
|
''v'>#####P' | | | | | --- | | | | / \
|
|
,######/P||x. |_| |_| \___/ |_| |_| /_/\_\
|
|
####P' "x|||||,
|
|
|/' 'x||| A post-modern modal text editor.
|
|
' '|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Welcome to the Helix tutorial!
|
|
Press the j key until you reach the introduction.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
= INTRODUCTION =
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
|
|
Welcome to the Helix editor! Helix is different from editors
|
|
you might be used to in that it is modal, meaning that it has
|
|
different modes for editing text. The primary modes you will
|
|
use are Normal mode and Insert mode. While in Normal mode, the
|
|
keys you type won't actually type text. Instead, they will
|
|
perform various actions with the text. This allows for more
|
|
efficient editing. This tutor will teach you how you can make
|
|
use of Helix's modal editing features. To begin, ensure your
|
|
CapsLock key is not pressed and hold the j key until you reach
|
|
the first lesson.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
= 1.1 BASIC CURSOR MOVEMENT =
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
|
|
↑
|
|
k * h is on the left
|
|
← h l → * l is on the right
|
|
j * j looks like a down arrow
|
|
↓
|
|
|
|
The cursor can be moved using the h, j, k, l keys, as shown
|
|
above. The cursor / arrow keys will also work, but it is faster
|
|
to use the hjkl keys as they are closer to the other keys you
|
|
will be using. Try moving around to get a feel for hjkl.
|
|
Once you're ready, hold j to continue to the next lesson.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
= 1.2 EXITING HELIX =
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
|
|
1. Type : to enter Command mode. Your cursor will
|
|
move to the bottom of the screen.
|
|
2. Type q or quit and press Enter to exit Helix.
|
|
|
|
Note: The quit command will fail if there are unsaved changes.
|
|
To force quit and DISCARD these changes, type q! or quit!.
|
|
You will learn how to save files later.
|
|
|
|
To exit Command mode without entering a command, press Escape.
|
|
|
|
Now, move on to the next lesson.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
= 1.3 DELETION =
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
|
|
Type the d key to delete the character under the cursor.
|
|
|
|
1. Move the cursor to the line marked '-->' below.
|
|
2. Move the cursor to each extra character, and type d to
|
|
delete it.
|
|
|
|
--> Thhiss senttencee haass exxtra charracterss.
|
|
This sentence has extra characters.
|
|
|
|
Once the sentence is correct, move on to the next lesson.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
= 1.4 INSERT MODE =
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
|
|
Type the i key to enter Insert mode.
|
|
|
|
1. Move the cursor to the line marked '-->' below.
|
|
2. Move to a place in the line which is missing text and type
|
|
i to enter Insert mode. Keys you type will now type text.
|
|
3. Enter the missing text.
|
|
4. Press Escape to exit Insert mode and return to Normal mode.
|
|
5. Repeat until the line matches the line below it.
|
|
|
|
--> Th stce misg so.
|
|
This sentence is missing some text.
|
|
|
|
Note: The status bar will display your current mode.
|
|
Notice that when you type i, 'NOR' changes to 'INS'.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
= 1.5 SAVING A FILE =
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
|
|
Type :w / :write to save a file.
|
|
|
|
1. Exit Helix using :q! as explained before, or open a new
|
|
terminal.
|
|
2. Open a file in Helix by running: hx FILENAME
|
|
3. Make some edits to the file.
|
|
4. Type : to enter Command mode.
|
|
5. Type w or write, and press Enter to save the file.
|
|
|
|
You can also type wq or write-quit to save and exit.
|
|
|
|
Note: You can optionally enter a filepath after the w / write
|
|
command in order to save to that path.
|
|
Note: If there are any unsaved changes to a file, a plus [+]
|
|
will appear next to the file name in the status bar.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
= CHAPTER 1 RECAP =
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
|
|
* Use the h,j,k,l keys to move the cursor.
|
|
|
|
* Type : to enter Command mode.
|
|
* The q / quit and q! / quit! commands will exit Helix. The
|
|
former fails when there are unsaved changes. The latter
|
|
discards them.
|
|
* The w / write command will save the file.
|
|
* The wq / write-quit command will do both.
|
|
|
|
* Type d to delete the character at the cursor.
|
|
|
|
* Type i to enter Insert mode and type text. Press Escape to
|
|
return to Normal mode.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
= 2.1 MORE INSERT COMMANDS =
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
|
|
As you saw, you can type i to enter Insert mode at the current
|
|
position of the cursor. There are a few other ways you can
|
|
enter Insert mode at different locations.
|
|
|
|
Common examples of insertion commands include:
|
|
i - Insert before the selection.
|
|
a - Insert after the selection. (a means 'append')
|
|
I - Insert at the start of the line.
|
|
A - Insert at the end of the line.
|
|
|
|
1. Move to anywhere in the line marked '-->' below.
|
|
2. Type A (Shift-a), your cursor will move to the end of
|
|
the line and you will be able to type.
|
|
3. Type the text necessary to match the line below.
|
|
|
|
--> This sentence is miss
|
|
This sentence is missing some text.
|
|
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
= 2.2 OPENING LINES =
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
|
|
Type o to add a newline and insert below the cursor.
|
|
Type O to add a newline and insert above the cursor.
|
|
|
|
1. Move the cursor to the line marked '-->' below.
|
|
2. Type o to open a line below and type your answer.
|
|
|
|
--> What is the best editor?
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
= CHAPTER 2 RECAP =
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
|
|
* Type a to append to the selection.
|
|
|
|
* Type I to enter Insert mode at the first non-whitespace
|
|
character at the start of a line.
|
|
|
|
* Type A to enter Insert mode at the end of a line.
|
|
|
|
* Use o and O to open lines below and above the cursor respectively.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
= 3.1 MOTIONS AND SELECTIONS =
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
|
|
Type w to select forward until the next word.
|
|
|
|
The d key doesn't actually delete the character at the cursor,
|
|
it deletes all selected text. Your cursor is like a
|
|
single-character selection.
|
|
|
|
1. Move the cursor to the line marked '-->' below.
|
|
2. Move to the beginning of a word that needs to be deleted.
|
|
3. Type w to select until the beginning of the next word.
|
|
4. Type d to delete the selection.
|
|
5. Repeat for all extra words in the line.
|
|
|
|
--> This sentence pencil has vacuum extra words in the it.
|
|
This sentence has extra words in it.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
= 3.2 MORE MOTIONS =
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
|
|
As you saw, typing w moves the cursor forward until the start
|
|
of the next word, selecting the text traversed. This is useful
|
|
for moving around text and for selecting text to operate on.
|
|
|
|
Some common motions include:
|
|
w - Move forward to before the beginning of the next word.
|
|
e - Move forward to the end of the current word.
|
|
b - Move backward to the beginning of the current word.
|
|
|
|
To select the word under cursor, combine e and b.
|
|
|
|
1. Move the cursor to the line marked '-->' below.
|
|
2. Move to a 'd' letter.
|
|
3. Type e to select a half of the word.
|
|
4. Type b to select the rest.
|
|
|
|
--> The Middle Kingdom.
|
|
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
= 3.3 WORDS AND words =
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
|
|
The w,e,b motions also have counterparts - W,E,B - which
|
|
traverse WORDS instead of words. WORDS are only separated by
|
|
whitespace, whereas words can be separated by other characters
|
|
in addition to whitespace.
|
|
|
|
1. Move the cursor to the beginning of the line marked with '-->'.
|
|
2. Type w repeatedly to select individual words until you
|
|
reach the end of the line.
|
|
3. Note that 'one-of-a-kind' required 7 keystrokes to be
|
|
traversed. '"modal"' required 3 keystrokes.
|
|
4. Move the cursor back to beginning of the line marked '-->'.
|
|
5. Type W repeatedly to select individual WORDS.
|
|
6. Note that 'one-of-a-kind' and '"modal"' have been selected
|
|
both with one keystroke each.
|
|
|
|
--> Helix is a one-of-a-kind "modal" text editor
|
|
|
|
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
= 3.4 THE CHANGE COMMAND =
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
|
|
Type c to change the current selection.
|
|
|
|
The change command deletes the current selection and enters
|
|
Insert mode, so it is a very common shorthand for di.
|
|
|
|
1. Move the cursor to the line marked '-->' below.
|
|
2. Move to the start of an incorrect word and type w to
|
|
select it.
|
|
3. Type c to delete the word and enter Insert mode.
|
|
4. Type the correct word.
|
|
5. Repeat until the line matches the line below it.
|
|
|
|
--> This paper has heavy words behind it.
|
|
This sentence has incorrect words in it.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
= 3.5 COUNTS WITH MOTIONS =
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
|
|
Type a number before a motion to repeat it that many times.
|
|
|
|
1. Move the cursor to the line marked '-->' below.
|
|
2. Type 2w to move 2 words forward.
|
|
3. Type 3e to move to the end of the third word forward.
|
|
4. Type 2b to move 2 words backwards
|
|
5. Try the above with different numbers.
|
|
|
|
--> This is just a line with words you can move around in.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
= 3.6 SELECT / EXTEND MODE =
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
|
|
Type v to enter Select mode.
|
|
Type v again or Escape to return to Normal mode
|
|
In Select mode every movement will extend the selection, as
|
|
opposed to replacing it.
|
|
|
|
1. Move the cursor to the line marked '-->' below.
|
|
2. Move to the F of FOO and type v2w to select the two words.
|
|
3. Type d to remove the two words. Notice d returns you to
|
|
Normal mode.
|
|
4. Move to the B of BAZ and repeat the sequence to delete them.
|
|
|
|
--> Remove the FOO BAR distracting words BAZ BIZ from this line.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
= 3.7 SELECTING LINES =
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
|
|
Type x to select a whole line. Type x again to select the next.
|
|
|
|
1. Move the cursor to the second line marked '-->' below.
|
|
2. Type x to select the line, and d to delete it.
|
|
3. Move to the fourth line.
|
|
4. Type x twice or type 2x to select 2 lines, and d to delete.
|
|
|
|
--> 1) Roses are red,
|
|
--> 2) Mud is fun,
|
|
--> 3) Violets are blue,
|
|
--> 4) I have a car,
|
|
--> 5) Clocks tell time,
|
|
--> 6) Sugar is sweet,
|
|
--> 7) And so are you.
|
|
|
|
Note : X works similarly to x although it doesn't extend to
|
|
subsequent lines. X on an empty line does nothing.
|
|
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
= 3.8 COLLAPSING SELECTIONS =
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
|
|
Type ; to collapse selections to single cursors.
|
|
|
|
Sometimes, you want to deselect without having to move the
|
|
cursor(s). This can be done using the ; key.
|
|
|
|
1. Move the cursor to the line marked '-->' below.
|
|
2. Use the motions you have learned to move around the line,
|
|
and try using ; to deselect the text after it is selected
|
|
by the motions.
|
|
|
|
--> This is an error-free line with words to move around in.
|
|
|
|
Note: This works the same in Select mode.
|
|
Note: Another related command is Alt-; which flips selections.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
= CHAPTER 3 RECAP =
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
|
|
* Type w to select forward until the next word.
|
|
* Type e to select to the end of the current word.
|
|
* Type b to select backward to the start of the current word.
|
|
* Use uppercase counterparts, W,E,B, to traverse WORDS.
|
|
|
|
* Type d to delete the entire selection.
|
|
* Type c to delete the selection and enter Insert mode.
|
|
|
|
* Type a number before a motion to repeat it that many times.
|
|
|
|
* Type v to enter Select mode, where all motions extend the
|
|
selection.
|
|
|
|
* Type x to select the entire current line. Type x again to
|
|
select the next line.
|
|
|
|
* Type semicolon ( ; ) to collapse selection.
|
|
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
= 4.1 UNDOING =
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
|
|
Type u to undo. Type U to redo.
|
|
|
|
1. Move the cursor to the line marked '-->' below.
|
|
2. Move to the first error, and type d to delete it.
|
|
3. Type u to undo your deletion.
|
|
4. Fix all the errors on the line.
|
|
5. Type u several times to undo your fixes.
|
|
6. Type U (Shift-u) several times to redo your fixes.
|
|
|
|
--> Fiix the errors on thhis line and reeplace them witth undo.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
= 4.2 COPYING AND PASTING TEXT =
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
|
|
Type y to yank (copy) the selection.
|
|
Type p to paste the yanked selection after the cursor.
|
|
Type P to paste the yanked text before the cursor.
|
|
|
|
1. Move the cursor to the line marked '-->' below.
|
|
Make sure your cursor is on the "b" of banana.
|
|
2. Type w to select "banana" and y to yank it.
|
|
3. Move to the space between "2" and "3" and type p to paste.
|
|
4. Repeat between "3" and "4".
|
|
|
|
--> 1 banana 2 3 4
|
|
1 banana 2 banana 3 banana 4
|
|
|
|
Note: Whenever you delete or change text, Helix will copy the
|
|
altered text. Use Alt-d / Alt-c instead to avoid this.
|
|
Note: Helix doesn't share the system clipboard by default. Type
|
|
Space + y / p to yank / paste on the system's clipboard.
|
|
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
= 4.3 SEARCHING IN FILE =
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
|
|
Type / to search forward in file, Enter to confirm search.
|
|
Type n to go to the next search match.
|
|
Type N to go to the previous search match.
|
|
|
|
1. Type / and type in a common word, like 'banana'.
|
|
2. Press Enter to confirm the search.
|
|
3. Use n and N to cycle through the matches.
|
|
|
|
Searching uses regular expressions, allowing you to target more
|
|
complex expressions, which you'll learn about in the lesson on
|
|
the select command.
|
|
|
|
Note: To search backwards, type ? (Shift-/).
|
|
Note: Unlike Vim, ? doesn't change the search direction.
|
|
N always goes backwards and n always goes forwards.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
= CHAPTER 4 RECAP =
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
|
|
* Type u to undo. Type U to redo.
|
|
|
|
* Type y to yank (copy) text and p to paste.
|
|
* Use Space + y and Space + p to yank / paste on the system
|
|
clipboard.
|
|
|
|
* Type / to search forward in file, and ? to search backwards.
|
|
* Use n and N to cycle through search matches.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
= 5.1 MULTIPLE CURSORS =
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
|
|
Type C to duplicate the cursor to the next suitable line.
|
|
|
|
1. Move the cursor to the first line marked '-->' below. Place
|
|
the cursor somewhere past the '-->'.
|
|
2. Type C to duplicate the cursor to the next suitable line.
|
|
Notice how it skips the line in the middle. Keys you type
|
|
will now affect both cursors.
|
|
3. Use Insert mode to correct the lines. The two cursors will
|
|
fix both lines simultaneously.
|
|
4. Type , to remove the second cursor.
|
|
|
|
--> Fix th two nes at same ime.
|
|
-->
|
|
--> Fix th two nes at same ime.
|
|
Fix these two lines at the same time.
|
|
|
|
Note: Press Alt-C to do the same above the cursor.
|
|
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
= 5.2 THE SELECT COMMAND =
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
|
|
Type s to select matches in the selection.
|
|
|
|
1. Move the cursor to the line marked '-->' below.
|
|
2. Type x to select the line.
|
|
3. Type s. A prompt will appear.
|
|
4. Type 'apples' and press Enter. Both occurrences of
|
|
'apples' in the line will be selected.
|
|
5. You can now type c and change 'apples' to something else,
|
|
like 'oranges'.
|
|
6. Press Escape to exit Insert mode.
|
|
7. Type , to remove the second cursor.
|
|
|
|
--> I like to eat apples since my favorite fruit is apples.
|
|
I like to eat oranges since my favorite fruit is oranges.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
= 5.3 SELECTING VIA REGEX =
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
|
|
Like searching, the select command selects regular expressions,
|
|
not just exact matches.
|
|
|
|
1. Move the cursor to the line marked '-->' below.
|
|
2. Select the line with x and then type s.
|
|
3. Type ' +' to select any amount of consecutive spaces >1,
|
|
then press Enter.
|
|
4. Type c and change the matches to single spaces.
|
|
|
|
--> This sentence has some extra spaces.
|
|
This sentence has some extra spaces.
|
|
|
|
Note: If you want to perform find-and-replace, the select
|
|
command is the way to do it. Select the text you want
|
|
to replace in — type % to select the whole file — and
|
|
then perform the steps explained above.
|
|
|
|
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
= 5.4 ALIGN SELECTIONS =
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
|
|
Type & to align the contents of the selections.
|
|
|
|
1. Move the cursor to the first line marked '-->' below. Place
|
|
the cursor on the whitespace just after the arrow.
|
|
2. Type C four times or 4C.
|
|
3. Type W to select the numbers and brackets.
|
|
4. Type & to align the words.
|
|
|
|
--> 97) lorem
|
|
--> 98) ipsum
|
|
--> 99) dolor
|
|
--> 100) sit
|
|
--> 101) amet
|
|
|
|
Note: & only cares about the alignment of the "head" of the
|
|
selections - the end that moves. The other end is called
|
|
the "anchor".
|
|
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
= 5.5 SPLIT SELECTION INTO LINES =
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
|
|
Press Alt-s to split the selection(s) on newlines.
|
|
|
|
1. Move the cursor to the first row of the table below.
|
|
2. Select the entire table with 6x.
|
|
3. Press Alt-s to split into selections at each line.
|
|
4. Align the table with &.
|
|
|
|
| FRUIT | AMOUNT |
|
|
|---------|--------|
|
|
| Apples | 8 |
|
|
| Bananas | 6 |
|
|
| Oranges | 3 |
|
|
| Donuts | 4 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
= CHAPTER 5 RECAP =
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
|
|
* Type C to duplicate the cursor to the next suitable line
|
|
and Alt-C for previous suitable line.
|
|
|
|
* Type s to select all instances of a regex pattern inside
|
|
the current selection.
|
|
|
|
* Type & to align selections.
|
|
|
|
* Press Alt-s to split the selection into lines.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
= 6.1 SELECTING TO A CHARACTER =
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
|
|
Type f<ch> to select up to and including (find) a character.
|
|
Type t<ch> to do the same, but not including (till) a character.
|
|
Type uppercase F / T to do the same backwards.
|
|
|
|
1. Move the cursor to the line marked '-->' below. Place the
|
|
cursor on the first dash.
|
|
2. Type f[ to select to the square bracket.
|
|
3. Type d to delete your selection.
|
|
4. Go to the end of the line and repeat with F].
|
|
5. Move to the second line marked '-->', just after the arrow.
|
|
6. Use t and T to delete the dashes around the sentence.
|
|
|
|
--> -----[Free this sentence of its brackets!]-----
|
|
--> ------Free this sentence of its dashes!------
|
|
|
|
Note: Unlike Vim, Helix doesn't limit these commands to the
|
|
current line. It searches for the character in the file.
|
|
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
= 6.2 THE REPLACE COMMAND =
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
|
|
Type r<ch> to replace all selected characters with <ch>.
|
|
|
|
1. Move to the second line of the table, place the cursor on the
|
|
first =.
|
|
2. Type t| (Shift-\) to select the = separator.
|
|
3. Type r- to replace the separator with dashes.
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Month | Days |
|
|
|=======|------|
|
|
| Jan | 31 |
|
|
| Feb | 28 |
|
|
| Mar | 31 |
|
|
| ... | ... |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
= 6.3 REPETITION =
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
|
|
Type . to repeat the last insert command.
|
|
Press Alt-. to repeat the last f / t selection.
|
|
|
|
1. Move the cursor to the line marked '-->' below.
|
|
2. Make a change, insertion or appendage and repeat it with . .
|
|
3. Try using Alt-. with f and t, to select multiple sentences
|
|
for instance.
|
|
|
|
--> This is some text for you to repeat things. You can repeat
|
|
insertions like changing words, or repeat selections like
|
|
f / t.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
= CHAPTER 6 RECAP =
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
|
|
* Type f / F to extend selection up to & including a character.
|
|
* Type t / T to extend selection until a character.
|
|
|
|
* Type r to replace selected characters.
|
|
|
|
* Type . to repeat the last insertion.
|
|
* Press Alt-. to repeat the last f / t selection.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
= 7.1 REPLACE WITH YANKED TEXT =
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
|
|
Type R to replace the selection with previously yanked text.
|
|
|
|
1. Move the cursor to the line marked '-->' below.
|
|
2. Type w to select "watermelons" and then y to yank it.
|
|
3. Select "oranges" with w.
|
|
4. Type R to replace "oranges" with "watermelons"
|
|
|
|
|
|
--> I like watermelons because oranges are refreshing.
|
|
I like watermelons because watermelons are refreshing.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
= 7.2 JOINING LINES =
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
|
|
Type J to join together lines in selection.
|
|
|
|
1. Move the cursor to the line marked '-->' below.
|
|
2. Type x four times or 4x to select all four lines.
|
|
3. Type J to join the lines together.
|
|
|
|
--> This sentence
|
|
is spilling over
|
|
onto other
|
|
lines.
|
|
|
|
This sentence is spilling over onto other lines.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
= 7.3 INDENTING LINES =
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
|
|
Type > to indent a line and < to outdent it.
|
|
|
|
1. Move the cursor to the line marked '-->' below.
|
|
2. Move down to the second line and type > to indent it.
|
|
3. Move to the third line and type < to outdent it.
|
|
|
|
--> These lines
|
|
are indented
|
|
very poorly.
|
|
|
|
These lines
|
|
are indented
|
|
much better.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
= 7.4 INCREMENTING AND DECREMENTING =
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
|
|
Press Ctrl-a to increment the number under selection.
|
|
Press Ctrl-x to decrement the number under selection.
|
|
|
|
1. Move the cursor to the third line marked '-->' below.
|
|
2. Press Ctrl-a to increment the second point marked 2.
|
|
3. Repeat for the point marked 3.
|
|
4. Move to the last point and press Ctrl-x to decrement the 6.
|
|
|
|
--> 1) First point.
|
|
--> 2) Added point.
|
|
--> 2) Next point.
|
|
--> 3) Another point.
|
|
--> 6) Last point.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
= CHAPTER 7 RECAP =
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
|
|
* Type R to replace the selection with yanked text.
|
|
|
|
* Type J to join lines in selection.
|
|
|
|
* Type < and > to indent / outdent lines.
|
|
|
|
* Press Ctrl-a to increment the selected number.
|
|
* Press Ctrl-x to decrement the selected number.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
= 8.1 REGISTERS =
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
|
|
Registers are containers identified by a character for storing
|
|
things like yanked text. Registers are also used to store the
|
|
most recent search term as well as macros, which you'll learn
|
|
about in the next section.
|
|
|
|
Type "<ch> to select register <ch>.
|
|
|
|
1. Move the cursor to the line marked '-->' below.
|
|
2. Type w to select "watermelons" and yank with y.
|
|
3. Type w to select "bananas".
|
|
4. Change to register b with "b and yank with y.
|
|
5. Select "mangoes" and type R to replace it with "watermelons".
|
|
6. Select "pineapples" then type "b R to replace with "bananas".
|
|
|
|
--> I like watermelons and bananas because my favorite fruits
|
|
are mangoes and pineapples.
|
|
|
|
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
= 8.2 MACROS =
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
|
|
Macros are a way to record a set of actions you want to repeat.
|
|
You can also record macros to a specific register (default @).
|
|
Type Q to start recording a macro - you should see a popup at
|
|
the bottom of your screen. Type Q again to stop recording.
|
|
Type q to repeat the macro from register @ (the default).
|
|
|
|
1. Move the cursor to the first line marked '-->' below.
|
|
Ensure your cursor is on the '>' of the arrow.
|
|
2. Type Q to start recording.
|
|
3. Edit the line to look like the bottom one.
|
|
4. Exit insert and type Q again to stop recording.
|
|
5. Move to the line below and put your cursor on '>' again.
|
|
6. Type q to repeat the macro.
|
|
|
|
--> ... sentence doesn't have its first and last ... .
|
|
--> ... sentence doesn't have its first and last ... .
|
|
This sentence doesn't have its first and last word.
|
|
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
= CHAPTER 8 RECAP =
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
|
|
* Type " to select a different register.
|
|
|
|
* Type Q to start and stop recording a macro to a register,
|
|
the default being @.
|
|
|
|
* Type q to replay a macro from @ or the selected register.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
= 9.1 SEARCHING FOR SELECTIONS =
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
|
|
The most recent search with / is stored in register /.
|
|
n and N both refer to register /, this means we can set that
|
|
register without having to type in a search.
|
|
|
|
Type * to copy the selection into register /, setting the search
|
|
term to the selection. This copies the primary selection, which
|
|
you will learn about in the section on cycling selections.
|
|
|
|
1. Move the cursor to the line marked '-->' below.
|
|
2. Select "horse" with e and type *.
|
|
3. Use n and N to jump between the instances of "horse".
|
|
|
|
--> A horse is a horse, of course, of course,
|
|
--> And no one can talk to a horse of course.
|
|
|
|
Note: * is like a shorthand for "/y as all it really does is
|
|
copy the selection into the / register.
|
|
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
= 9.2 ADDING SELECTION ON NEXT SEARCH MATCH =
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
|
|
A property of Select mode (v) when using n and N is that instead
|
|
of moving the selection to the next match, it adds a new
|
|
selection on each match.
|
|
|
|
1. Move the cursor to the line marked '-->' below.
|
|
2. Select the first "bat" and type * to set it to search.
|
|
3. Type v to enter Select mode.
|
|
4. Type n to select the other "bat".
|
|
5. Use c or r to change the "bat"s to "cat".
|
|
|
|
--> Everybody wants to be a bat,
|
|
--> because a cat's the only bat
|
|
--> who knows where it's at.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
= 9.3 USING THE JUMPLIST =
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
|
|
Helix can keep track of "jumps" which are big movements, like
|
|
searching or jumping to the definition of a function in code. It
|
|
stores these in what's called the jumplist.
|
|
|
|
Press Ctrl-s to manually save your current position to
|
|
the jumplist.
|
|
|
|
Press Ctrl-i ("in") and Ctrl-o ("out") to move forward and
|
|
backwards in the jumplist respectively.
|
|
|
|
1. Press Ctrl-s somewhere.
|
|
2. Move far away in the file.
|
|
3. Press Ctrl-o (just once!) to come back to where you saved.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
= CHAPTER 9 RECAP =
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
|
|
* Type * to set the search register to the primary selection.
|
|
|
|
* Type n / N in Select mode to add selections on each search
|
|
match.
|
|
|
|
* Press Ctrl-s to save position to the jumplist.
|
|
* Press Ctrl-i and Ctrl-o to go forward and backward in the
|
|
jumplist.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
= 10.1 CYCLING AND REMOVING SELECTIONS =
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
|
|
Type ) and ( to cycle the primary selection forward and backward
|
|
through selections respectively.
|
|
|
|
Press Alt-, to remove the primary selection.
|
|
|
|
1. Move the cursor to the line marked '-->' below.
|
|
2. Select both lines with xx or 2x.
|
|
3. Type s to select, type "would" and enter.
|
|
4. Use ( and ) to cycle the primary selection and remove the
|
|
very second "would" with Alt-, .
|
|
5. Type c "wood" to change the remaining "would"s to "wood".
|
|
|
|
--> How much would would a wouldchuck chuck
|
|
--> if a wouldchuck could chuck would?
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
= 10.2 CYCLING THE CONTENT OF SELECTIONS =
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
|
|
Press Alt-) and Alt-( to cycle the content of the selections
|
|
forward and backward respectively.
|
|
|
|
1. Move the cursor to the line marked '-->' below.
|
|
2. Select both lines with xx or 2x.
|
|
3. Type s to select, type "through|water|know" and enter.
|
|
4. Use Alt-( and Alt-) to cycle the content of the selections.
|
|
|
|
--> Jumping through the water,
|
|
--> daring to know.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
= 10.3 CHANGING CASE =
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
|
|
Type ~ to switch the case of all selected letters.
|
|
Type ` to set all selected letters to lowercase.
|
|
Press Alt-` to set all selected letters to uppercase.
|
|
|
|
1. Move the cursor to the first line marked '-->' below.
|
|
2. Select each wrongly capitalised or lowercase letter
|
|
and type ~ over them.
|
|
3. Move to the second line marked '-->'.
|
|
4. Type x to select the line.
|
|
5. Type ` to change the line to lowercase.
|
|
6. Move to the third line marked '-->'.
|
|
7. Type x to select the line.
|
|
8. Press Alt-` to change the line to uppercase.
|
|
|
|
--> thIs sENtencE hAs MIS-cApitalIsed leTTerS.
|
|
--> this SENTENCE SHOULD all be in LOWERCASE.
|
|
--> THIS sentence should ALL BE IN uppercase!
|
|
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
= 10.4 SPLITTING SELECTIONS =
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
|
|
Type S to split each selection on a regex pattern.
|
|
|
|
1. Move the cursor to the line under ---.
|
|
2. Type xx / 2x to select the lines.
|
|
3. Type S then \. |! Enter (note the spaces after . and !).
|
|
This effectively splits the selection into sentences at each
|
|
dot or exclamation mark.
|
|
4. Press Alt-; to reverse the selections.
|
|
5. Type ; to reduce selections to a single character - the first
|
|
letter of each sentence.
|
|
6. Press Alt-` to convert all selected letters to uppercase.
|
|
|
|
---
|
|
these are sentences. some sentences don't start with uppercase
|
|
letters! that is not good grammar. you can fix this.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
= CHAPTER 10 RECAP =
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
|
|
* Use ) and ( to cycle the primary selection back and forward
|
|
through selections respectively.
|
|
* Press Alt-, to remove the primary selection.
|
|
* Press Alt-) and Alt-( to cycle the content of the selections.
|
|
|
|
* Type ~ to alternate case of selected letters.
|
|
* Use ` and Alt-` to set the case of selected letters to
|
|
lower and upper respectively.
|
|
|
|
* Type S to split selections on regex.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
= 11.1 COMMENTING A LINE =
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
|
|
Press Ctrl-c to comment the line under your cursor.
|
|
To uncomment the line, press Ctrl-c again.
|
|
|
|
1. Move your cursor to the line marked '-->' below.
|
|
2. Now comment the line marked with '-->'.
|
|
3. Now try uncommenting the line.
|
|
|
|
--> Comment me please
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
= 11.2 COMMENTING MULTIPLE LINES =
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
|
|
Using the selections and multi-cursor functionality, you can
|
|
comment multiple lines as long as it is under the selection or
|
|
cursors.
|
|
|
|
1. Move your cursor to the line marked with '-->' below.
|
|
2. Now try to select or add more cursors the other lines marked
|
|
with '-->'.
|
|
3. Comment those lines.
|
|
|
|
--> How many are you going to comment?
|
|
--> Is this enough for a comment?
|
|
--> What are you doing?!
|
|
--> Stop commenting me!
|
|
--> AAAAaargh!!!
|
|
|
|
Note: If there are already commented lines under selections or
|
|
multiple cursors, they won't be uncommented but commented again.
|
|
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
= CHAPTER 11 RECAP =
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
|
|
* Use Ctrl-c to comment a line under your cursor. Press Ctrl-c
|
|
again to uncomment.
|
|
* To comment multiple lines, use the selections
|
|
and multi-cursors before typing Ctrl-c.
|
|
* Commented lines cannot be uncommented but commented again.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
This tutorial is still a work-in-progress.
|
|
More sections are planned.
|