nixos/nginx: first-class PROXY protocol support

PROXY protocol is a convenient way to carry information about the
originating address/port of a TCP connection across multiple layers of
proxies/NAT, etc.

Currently, it is possible to make use of it in NGINX's NixOS module, but
is painful when we want to enable it "globally".
Technically, this is achieved by reworking the defaultListen options and
the objective is to have a coherent way to specify default listeners in
the current API design.
See `mkDefaultListenVhost` and `defaultListen` for the details.

It adds a safeguard against running a NGINX with no HTTP listeners (e.g.
only PROXY listeners) while asking for ACME certificates over HTTP-01.

An interesting usecase of PROXY protocol is to enable seamless IPv4 to
IPv6 proxy with origin IPv4 address for IPv6-only NGINX servers, it is
demonstrated how to achieve this in the tests, using sniproxy.

Finally, the tests covers:

- NGINX `defaultListen` mechanisms are not broken by these changes;
- NGINX PROXY protocol listeners are working in a final usecase
  (sniproxy);
- uses snakeoil TLS certs from ACME setup with wildcard certificates;

In the future, it is desirable to spoof-attack NGINX in this scenario to
ascertain that `set_real_ip_from` and all the layers are working as
intended and preventing any user from setting their origin IP address to
any arbitrary, opening up the NixOS module to bad™ vulnerabilities.

For now, it is quite hard to achieve while being minimalistic about the
tests dependencies.
This commit is contained in:
Raito Bezarius 2023-03-05 18:13:27 +01:00
parent bbdb8416a0
commit 69bb0f94de
12 changed files with 410 additions and 14 deletions

View File

@ -17,3 +17,5 @@
## Other Notable Changes {#sec-release-23.11-notable-changes}
- A new option was added to the virtualisation module that enables specifying explicitly named network interfaces in QEMU VMs. The existing `virtualisation.vlans` is still supported for cases where the name of the network interface is irrelevant.
- `services.nginx` gained a `defaultListen` option at server-level with support for PROXY protocol listeners, also `proxyProtocol` is now exposed in `services.nginx.virtualHosts.<name>.listen` option. It is now possible to run PROXY listeners and non-PROXY listeners at a server-level, see [#213510](https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/pull/213510/) for more details.

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@ -309,36 +309,54 @@ let
onlySSL = vhost.onlySSL || vhost.enableSSL;
hasSSL = onlySSL || vhost.addSSL || vhost.forceSSL;
# First evaluation of defaultListen based on a set of listen lines.
mkDefaultListenVhost = listenLines:
# If this vhost has SSL or is a SSL rejection host.
# We enable a TLS variant for lines without explicit ssl or ssl = true.
optionals (hasSSL || vhost.rejectSSL)
(map (listen: { port = cfg.defaultSSLListenPort; ssl = true; } // listen)
(filter (listen: !(listen ? ssl) || listen.ssl) listenLines))
# If this vhost is supposed to serve HTTP
# We provide listen lines for those without explicit ssl or ssl = false.
++ optionals (!onlySSL)
(map (listen: { port = cfg.defaultHTTPListenPort; ssl = false; } // listen)
(filter (listen: !(listen ? ssl) || !listen.ssl) listenLines));
defaultListen =
if vhost.listen != [] then vhost.listen
else
if cfg.defaultListen != [] then mkDefaultListenVhost
# Cleanup nulls which will mess up with //.
# TODO: is there a better way to achieve this? i.e. mergeButIgnoreNullPlease?
(map (listenLine: filterAttrs (_: v: (v != null)) listenLine) cfg.defaultListen)
else
let addrs = if vhost.listenAddresses != [] then vhost.listenAddresses else cfg.defaultListenAddresses;
in optionals (hasSSL || vhost.rejectSSL) (map (addr: { inherit addr; port = cfg.defaultSSLListenPort; ssl = true; }) addrs)
++ optionals (!onlySSL) (map (addr: { inherit addr; port = cfg.defaultHTTPListenPort; ssl = false; }) addrs);
in mkDefaultListenVhost (map (addr: { inherit addr; }) addrs);
hostListen =
if vhost.forceSSL
then filter (x: x.ssl) defaultListen
else defaultListen;
listenString = { addr, port, ssl, extraParameters ? [], ... }:
listenString = { addr, port, ssl, proxyProtocol ? false, extraParameters ? [], ... }:
# UDP listener for QUIC transport protocol.
(optionalString (ssl && vhost.quic) ("
listen ${addr}:${toString port} quic "
+ optionalString vhost.default "default_server "
+ optionalString vhost.reuseport "reuseport "
+ optionalString (extraParameters != []) (concatStringsSep " " (
let inCompatibleParameters = [ "ssl" "proxy_protocol" "http2" ];
+ optionalString (extraParameters != []) (concatStringsSep " "
(let inCompatibleParameters = [ "ssl" "proxy_protocol" "http2" ];
isCompatibleParameter = param: !(any (p: p == param) inCompatibleParameters);
in filter isCompatibleParameter extraParameters))
+ ";"))
+ "
listen ${addr}:${toString port} "
+ optionalString (ssl && vhost.http2) "http2 "
+ optionalString ssl "ssl "
+ optionalString vhost.default "default_server "
+ optionalString vhost.reuseport "reuseport "
+ optionalString proxyProtocol "proxy_protocol "
+ optionalString (extraParameters != []) (concatStringsSep " " extraParameters)
+ ";";
@ -539,6 +557,49 @@ in
'';
};
defaultListen = mkOption {
type = with types; listOf (submodule {
options = {
addr = mkOption {
type = str;
description = lib.mdDoc "IP address.";
};
port = mkOption {
type = nullOr port;
description = lib.mdDoc "Port number.";
default = null;
};
ssl = mkOption {
type = nullOr bool;
default = null;
description = lib.mdDoc "Enable SSL.";
};
proxyProtocol = mkOption {
type = bool;
description = lib.mdDoc "Enable PROXY protocol.";
default = false;
};
extraParameters = mkOption {
type = listOf str;
description = lib.mdDoc "Extra parameters of this listen directive.";
default = [ ];
example = [ "backlog=1024" "deferred" ];
};
};
});
default = [];
example = literalExpression ''[
{ addr = "10.0.0.12"; proxyProtocol = true; ssl = true; }
{ addr = "0.0.0.0"; }
{ addr = "[::0]"; }
]'';
description = lib.mdDoc ''
If vhosts do not specify listen, use these addresses by default.
This option takes precedence over {option}`defaultListenAddresses` and
other listen-related defaults options.
'';
};
defaultListenAddresses = mkOption {
type = types.listOf types.str;
default = [ "0.0.0.0" ] ++ optional enableIPv6 "[::0]";
@ -546,6 +607,7 @@ in
example = literalExpression ''[ "10.0.0.12" "[2002:a00:1::]" ]'';
description = lib.mdDoc ''
If vhosts do not specify listenAddresses, use these addresses by default.
This is akin to writing `defaultListen = [ { addr = "0.0.0.0" } ]`.
'';
};
@ -1078,6 +1140,32 @@ in
which can be achieved by setting `services.nginx.package = pkgs.nginxQuic;`.
'';
}
{
# The idea is to understand whether there is a virtual host with a listen configuration
# that requires ACME configuration but has no HTTP listener which will make deterministically fail
# this operation.
# Options' priorities are the following at the moment:
# listen (vhost) > defaultListen (server) > listenAddresses (vhost) > defaultListenAddresses (server)
assertion =
let
hasAtLeastHttpListener = listenOptions: any (listenLine: if listenLine ? proxyProtocol then !listenLine.proxyProtocol else true) listenOptions;
hasAtLeastDefaultHttpListener = if cfg.defaultListen != [] then hasAtLeastHttpListener cfg.defaultListen else (cfg.defaultListenAddresses != []);
in
all (host:
let
hasAtLeastVhostHttpListener = if host.listen != [] then hasAtLeastHttpListener host.listen else (host.listenAddresses != []);
vhostAuthority = host.listen != [] || (cfg.defaultListen == [] && host.listenAddresses != []);
in
# Either vhost has precedence and we need a vhost specific http listener
# Either vhost set nothing and inherit from server settings
host.enableACME -> ((vhostAuthority && hasAtLeastVhostHttpListener) || (!vhostAuthority && hasAtLeastDefaultHttpListener))
) (attrValues virtualHosts);
message = ''
services.nginx.virtualHosts.<name>.enableACME requires a HTTP listener
to answer to ACME requests.
'';
}
] ++ map (name: mkCertOwnershipAssertion {
inherit (cfg) group user;
cert = config.security.acme.certs.${name};

View File

@ -27,12 +27,35 @@ with lib;
};
listen = mkOption {
type = with types; listOf (submodule { options = {
addr = mkOption { type = str; description = lib.mdDoc "IP address."; };
port = mkOption { type = port; description = lib.mdDoc "Port number."; default = 80; };
ssl = mkOption { type = bool; description = lib.mdDoc "Enable SSL."; default = false; };
extraParameters = mkOption { type = listOf str; description = lib.mdDoc "Extra parameters of this listen directive."; default = []; example = [ "backlog=1024" "deferred" ]; };
}; });
type = with types; listOf (submodule {
options = {
addr = mkOption {
type = str;
description = lib.mdDoc "IP address.";
};
port = mkOption {
type = port;
description = lib.mdDoc "Port number.";
default = 80;
};
ssl = mkOption {
type = bool;
description = lib.mdDoc "Enable SSL.";
default = false;
};
proxyProtocol = mkOption {
type = bool;
description = lib.mdDoc "Enable PROXY protocol.";
default = false;
};
extraParameters = mkOption {
type = listOf str;
description = lib.mdDoc "Extra parameters of this listen directive.";
default = [ ];
example = [ "backlog=1024" "deferred" ];
};
};
});
default = [];
example = [
{ addr = "195.154.1.1"; port = 443; ssl = true; }
@ -45,7 +68,7 @@ with lib;
and `onlySSL`.
If you only want to set the addresses manually and not
the ports, take a look at `listenAddresses`
the ports, take a look at `listenAddresses`.
'';
};

View File

@ -521,6 +521,7 @@ in {
nginx-sandbox = handleTestOn ["x86_64-linux"] ./nginx-sandbox.nix {};
nginx-sso = handleTest ./nginx-sso.nix {};
nginx-variants = handleTest ./nginx-variants.nix {};
nginx-proxyprotocol = handleTest ./nginx-proxyprotocol {};
nifi = handleTestOn ["x86_64-linux"] ./web-apps/nifi.nix {};
nitter = handleTest ./nitter.nix {};
nix-ld = handleTest ./nix-ld.nix {};

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@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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H/J4qSeKDchYLKECuzd6SySz8FW/xPKogQ28zba+DBD86hpqiEJOBzxbrcN3cjUn
7N4=
-----END CERTIFICATE-----

View File

@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
MIIEpAIBAAKCAQEAxqslILN6WfNMxPkYyggoD8xcE2TmPbvu4jYarYwKTL8OUGnH
62NKwqzPpAsF24owXw4fkCCOtUApAC2xU8Ox5jRBzLH/l2AmOR07iif4MVtXRInd
mFg8oAKupDVJqgb5e6nfum7DuxVHXcnug28/p8BhFyNioKIULtUyMk0bh1HbnWO9
ZaJ1Jzu/kJjDYDGueC0GAd5C7Ib1AInUNEfyHqKhXsh6ifBF43uehi1NaHw0OMaf
D0cfadgxwv3UT4NYLFZWZsL3+iu9g5Pu7Q6uGjS3XD0EHT/PNx2iPBCkwK8dqESY
VCZ0ZtZO4jhxoF5oMElWxLAqVNzEtJLgwBnRzwIDAQABAoIBAFuNGOH184cqKJGI
3RSVJ6kIGtJRKA0A4vfZyPd61nBBhx4lcRyXOCd4LYPCFKP0DZBwWLk5V6pM89gC
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o4lsJeBvNg7MnrG5nyVp1+T4RZxYm1P86HLp5zyT+fdj4Cr82b9j6QpxGXEfm1jV
QA1xr1ZkrV8fgETyaE0TBIKcdt6xNfv1mpI1RE5gaP/YzcCs/mL+G0kMar4l7pO/
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UX5IsQKBgQCswer4Qc3UepkiYxGwSTxgIh4kYlmamU2I00Kar4uFAr9JsCbk98f0
kaCUNZjrrvTwgRmdhwcpMDiMW/F4QkNk0I2unHcoAvzNop6c22VhHJU2XJhrQ57h
n1iPiw0NLXiA4RQwMUMjtt3nqlpLOTXGtsF8TmpWPcAN2QcTxOutzw==
-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----

View File

@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
MIIDSzCCAjOgAwIBAgIITnUr3xFw4oEwDQYJKoZIhvcNAQELBQAwIDEeMBwGA1UE
AxMVbWluaWNhIHJvb3QgY2EgNGU3NTJiMCAXDTIzMDEzMDAzNDExOFoYDzIxMjMw
MTMwMDM0MTE4WjAgMR4wHAYDVQQDExVtaW5pY2Egcm9vdCBjYSA0ZTc1MmIwggEi
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l2UZKkDJ2GPrrc+TdaGXZTYi0uMmvQsEKZXtqAzorQ==
-----END CERTIFICATE-----

View File

@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
MIIEpQIBAAKCAQEAtUqyU/ZN81yFwKRMi+VA5cOxejDDqhOXfvGcDHHB2xCi7tLL
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H5fxJGU8ydB1Gzescdx5NWt2Tet0G89ecc/NSTHKL3YUnbDUUm/dvA5YdNscc4PA
tsIdc60CgYEArvU1MwqGQUTDKUmaM2t3qm70fbwmOViHfyTWpn4aAQR3sK16iJMm
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q33ivjgd9omGFb37saKOmR44KmjUIDvSIZF4W3EPwAMEyl5mM31Ryns=
-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----

View File

@ -0,0 +1,144 @@
let
certs = import ./snakeoil-certs.nix;
in
import ../make-test-python.nix ({ pkgs, ... }: {
name = "nginx-proxyprotocol";
nodes = {
webserver = { pkgs, lib, ... }: {
environment.systemPackages = [ pkgs.netcat ];
security.pki.certificateFiles = [
certs.ca.cert
];
networking.extraHosts = ''
127.0.0.5 proxy.test.nix
127.0.0.5 noproxy.test.nix
127.0.0.3 direct-nossl.test.nix
127.0.0.4 unsecure-nossl.test.nix
127.0.0.2 direct-noproxy.test.nix
127.0.0.1 direct-proxy.test.nix
'';
services.nginx = {
enable = true;
defaultListen = [
{ addr = "127.0.0.1"; proxyProtocol = true; ssl = true; }
{ addr = "127.0.0.2"; }
{ addr = "127.0.0.3"; ssl = false; }
{ addr = "127.0.0.4"; ssl = false; proxyProtocol = true; }
];
commonHttpConfig = ''
log_format pcombined '(proxy_protocol=$proxy_protocol_addr) - (remote_addr=$remote_addr) - (realip=$realip_remote_addr) - (upstream=) - (remote_user=$remote_user) [$time_local] '
'"$request" $status $body_bytes_sent '
'"$http_referer" "$http_user_agent"';
access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log pcombined;
error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log;
'';
virtualHosts =
let
commonConfig = {
locations."/".return = "200 '$remote_addr'";
extraConfig = ''
set_real_ip_from 127.0.0.5/32;
real_ip_header proxy_protocol;
'';
};
in
{
"*.test.nix" = commonConfig // {
sslCertificate = certs."*.test.nix".cert;
sslCertificateKey = certs."*.test.nix".key;
forceSSL = true;
};
"direct-nossl.test.nix" = commonConfig;
"unsecure-nossl.test.nix" = commonConfig // {
extraConfig = ''
real_ip_header proxy_protocol;
'';
};
};
};
services.sniproxy = {
enable = true;
config = ''
error_log {
syslog daemon
}
access_log {
syslog daemon
}
listener 127.0.0.5:443 {
protocol tls
source 127.0.0.5
}
table {
^proxy\.test\.nix$ 127.0.0.1 proxy_protocol
^noproxy\.test\.nix$ 127.0.0.2
}
'';
};
};
};
testScript = ''
def check_origin_ip(src_ip: str, dst_url: str, failure: bool = False, proxy_protocol: bool = False, expected_ip: str | None = None):
check = webserver.fail if failure else webserver.succeed
if expected_ip is None:
expected_ip = src_ip
return check(f"curl {'--haproxy-protocol' if proxy_protocol else '''} --interface {src_ip} --fail -L {dst_url} | grep '{expected_ip}'")
webserver.wait_for_unit("nginx")
webserver.wait_for_unit("sniproxy")
# This should be closed by virtue of ssl = true;
webserver.wait_for_closed_port(80, "127.0.0.1")
# This should be open by virtue of no explicit ssl
webserver.wait_for_open_port(80, "127.0.0.2")
# This should be open by virtue of ssl = true;
webserver.wait_for_open_port(443, "127.0.0.1")
# This should be open by virtue of no explicit ssl
webserver.wait_for_open_port(443, "127.0.0.2")
# This should be open by sniproxy
webserver.wait_for_open_port(443, "127.0.0.5")
# This should be closed by sniproxy
webserver.wait_for_closed_port(80, "127.0.0.5")
# Sanity checks for the NGINX module
# direct-HTTP connection to NGINX without TLS, this checks that ssl = false; works well.
check_origin_ip("127.0.0.10", "http://direct-nossl.test.nix/")
# webserver.execute("openssl s_client -showcerts -connect direct-noproxy.test.nix:443")
# direct-HTTP connection to NGINX with TLS
check_origin_ip("127.0.0.10", "http://direct-noproxy.test.nix/")
check_origin_ip("127.0.0.10", "https://direct-noproxy.test.nix/")
# Well, sniproxy is not listening on 80 and cannot redirect
check_origin_ip("127.0.0.10", "http://proxy.test.nix/", failure=True)
check_origin_ip("127.0.0.10", "http://noproxy.test.nix/", failure=True)
# Actual PROXY protocol related tests
# Connecting through sniproxy should passthrough the originating IP address.
check_origin_ip("127.0.0.10", "https://proxy.test.nix/")
# Connecting through sniproxy to a non-PROXY protocol enabled listener should not pass the originating IP address.
check_origin_ip("127.0.0.10", "https://noproxy.test.nix/", expected_ip="127.0.0.5")
# Attack tests against spoofing
# Let's try to spoof our IP address by connecting direct-y to the PROXY protocol listener.
# FIXME(RaitoBezarius): rewrite it using Python + (Scapy|something else) as this is too much broken unfortunately.
# Or wait for upstream curl patch.
# def generate_attacker_request(original_ip: str, target_ip: str, dst_url: str):
# return f"""PROXY TCP4 {original_ip} {target_ip} 80 80
# GET / HTTP/1.1
# Host: {dst_url}
# """
# def spoof(original_ip: str, target_ip: str, dst_url: str, tls: bool = False, expect_failure: bool = True):
# method = webserver.fail if expect_failure else webserver.succeed
# port = 443 if tls else 80
# print(webserver.execute(f"cat <<EOF | nc {target_ip} {port}\n{generate_attacker_request(original_ip, target_ip, dst_url)}\nEOF"))
# return method(f"cat <<EOF | nc {target_ip} {port} | grep {original_ip}\n{generate_attacker_request(original_ip, target_ip, dst_url)}\nEOF")
# check_origin_ip("127.0.0.10", "http://unsecure-nossl.test.nix", proxy_protocol=True)
# spoof("1.1.1.1", "127.0.0.4", "direct-nossl.test.nix")
# spoof("1.1.1.1", "127.0.0.4", "unsecure-nossl.test.nix", expect_failure=False)
'';
})

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@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
# Minica can provide a CA key and cert, plus a key
# and cert for our fake CA server's Web Front End (WFE).
{
pkgs ? import <nixpkgs> {},
minica ? pkgs.minica,
runCommandCC ? pkgs.runCommandCC,
}:
let
conf = import ./snakeoil-certs.nix;
domain = conf.domain;
domainSanitized = pkgs.lib.replaceStrings ["*"] ["_"] domain;
in
runCommandCC "generate-tests-certs" {
buildInputs = [ (minica.overrideAttrs (old: {
postPatch = ''
sed -i 's_NotAfter: time.Now().AddDate(2, 0, 30),_NotAfter: time.Now().AddDate(20, 0, 0),_' main.go
'';
})) ];
} ''
minica \
--ca-key ca.key.pem \
--ca-cert ca.cert.pem \
--domains "${domain}"
mkdir -p $out
mv ca.*.pem $out/
mv ${domainSanitized}/key.pem $out/${domainSanitized}.key.pem
mv ${domainSanitized}/cert.pem $out/${domainSanitized}.cert.pem
''

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@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
let
domain = "*.test.nix";
domainSanitized = "_.test.nix";
in {
inherit domain;
ca = {
cert = ./ca.cert.pem;
key = ./ca.key.pem;
};
"${domain}" = {
cert = ./. + "/${domainSanitized}.cert.pem";
key = ./. + "/${domainSanitized}.key.pem";
};
}

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@ -178,7 +178,7 @@ stdenv.mkDerivation {
passthru = {
inherit modules;
tests = {
inherit (nixosTests) nginx nginx-auth nginx-etag nginx-globalredirect nginx-http3 nginx-pubhtml nginx-sandbox nginx-sso;
inherit (nixosTests) nginx nginx-auth nginx-etag nginx-globalredirect nginx-http3 nginx-pubhtml nginx-sandbox nginx-sso nginx-proxyprotocol;
variants = lib.recurseIntoAttrs nixosTests.nginx-variants;
acme-integration = nixosTests.acme;
} // passthru.tests;