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54 lines
2.2 KiB
XML
54 lines
2.2 KiB
XML
<section xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" xml:id="sec-declarative-package-mgmt">
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<title>Declarative Package Management</title>
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<para>
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With declarative package management, you specify which packages you
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want on your system by setting the option
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<xref linkend="opt-environment.systemPackages" />. For instance,
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adding the following line to <literal>configuration.nix</literal>
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enables the Mozilla Thunderbird email application:
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</para>
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<programlisting language="bash">
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environment.systemPackages = [ pkgs.thunderbird ];
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</programlisting>
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<para>
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The effect of this specification is that the Thunderbird package
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from Nixpkgs will be built or downloaded as part of the system when
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you run <literal>nixos-rebuild switch</literal>.
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</para>
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<note>
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<para>
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Some packages require additional global configuration such as
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D-Bus or systemd service registration so adding them to
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<xref linkend="opt-environment.systemPackages" /> might not be
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sufficient. You are advised to check the
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<link linkend="ch-options">list of options</link> whether a NixOS
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module for the package does not exist.
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</para>
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</note>
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<para>
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You can get a list of the available packages as follows:
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</para>
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<programlisting>
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$ nix-env -qaP '*' --description
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nixos.firefox firefox-23.0 Mozilla Firefox - the browser, reloaded
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...
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</programlisting>
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<para>
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The first column in the output is the <emphasis>attribute
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name</emphasis>, such as <literal>nixos.thunderbird</literal>.
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</para>
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<para>
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Note: the <literal>nixos</literal> prefix tells us that we want to
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get the package from the <literal>nixos</literal> channel and works
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only in CLI tools. In declarative configuration use
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<literal>pkgs</literal> prefix (variable).
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</para>
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<para>
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To <quote>uninstall</quote> a package, simply remove it from
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<xref linkend="opt-environment.systemPackages" /> and run
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<literal>nixos-rebuild switch</literal>.
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</para>
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<xi:include href="customizing-packages.section.xml" />
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<xi:include href="adding-custom-packages.section.xml" />
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</section>
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