diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index 33b0853c9..386591b55 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -308,7 +308,6 @@ J_F_OFILES=\
 
 J_F_OFILES_UT=\
        jets/f/ut.o \
-       jets/f/ut_burn.o \
        jets/f/ut_buss.o \
        jets/f/ut_conk.o \
        jets/f/ut_crop.o \
diff --git a/include/jets/q.h b/include/jets/q.h
index 5465da4b7..e8297405a 100644
--- a/include/jets/q.h
+++ b/include/jets/q.h
@@ -204,7 +204,7 @@
     u3_noun u3qf_forq(u3_noun, u3_noun);
     u3_noun u3qf_fork(u3_noun);
     u3_noun u3qf_grof(u3_noun);
-    u3_noun u3qf_help(u3_noun, u3_noun);
+    u3_noun u3qf_form(u3_noun, u3_noun);
     u3_noun u3qf_hike(u3_noun, u3_noun);
     u3_noun u3qf_look(u3_noun, u3_noun);
     u3_noun u3qf_loot(u3_noun, u3_noun);
@@ -282,7 +282,7 @@
     u3_noun u3qz_forq(u3_noun, u3_noun);
     u3_noun u3qz_fork(u3_noun);
     u3_noun u3qz_grof(u3_noun);
-    u3_noun u3qz_help(u3_noun, u3_noun);
+    u3_noun u3qz_form(u3_noun, u3_noun);
     u3_noun u3qz_hike(u3_noun, u3_noun);
     u3_noun u3qz_look(u3_noun, u3_noun);
     u3_noun u3qz_loot(u3_noun, u3_noun);
diff --git a/include/jets/w.h b/include/jets/w.h
index 693cff4ba..82b6ba6b4 100644
--- a/include/jets/w.h
+++ b/include/jets/w.h
@@ -233,7 +233,7 @@
     u3_noun u3wf_flor(u3_noun);
     u3_noun u3wf_forq(u3_noun);
     u3_noun u3wf_fork(u3_noun);
-    u3_noun u3wf_help(u3_noun);
+    u3_noun u3wf_form(u3_noun);
     u3_noun u3wf_hike(u3_noun);
     u3_noun u3wf_look(u3_noun);
     u3_noun u3wf_loot(u3_noun);
diff --git a/jets/f/help.c b/jets/f/help.c
index e657e2d3b..def71f2ba 100644
--- a/jets/f/help.c
+++ b/jets/f/help.c
@@ -7,25 +7,26 @@
 /* functions
 */
   u3_noun
-  u3qf_help(u3_noun sag,
+  u3qf_form(u3_noun sag,
             u3_noun tip)
   {
     if ( c3__void == tip ) {
       return c3__void;
     }
-    else return u3nt(c3__help,
-                     u3k(sag),
-                     u3k(tip));
+    if ( c3__noun == tip ) {
+      return c3__noun;
+    }
+    else return u3nt(c3__form, u3k(sag), u3k(tip));
   }
   u3_noun
-  u3wf_help(u3_noun cor)
+  u3wf_form(u3_noun cor)
   {
     u3_noun sag, tip;
 
     if ( c3n == u3r_mean(cor, u3x_sam_2, &sag, u3x_sam_3, &tip, 0) ) {
       return u3m_bail(c3__fail);
     } else {
-      return u3qf_help(sag, tip);
+      return u3qf_form(sag, tip);
     }
   }
 
diff --git a/jets/f/ut_burn.c b/jets/f/ut_burn.c
deleted file mode 100644
index f7da4d6b2..000000000
--- a/jets/f/ut_burn.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,192 +0,0 @@
-/* j/6/ut_burn.c
-**
-*/
-#include "all.h"
-
-
-/* logic
-*/
-  static u3_noun
-  _burn_in(u3_noun van, u3_noun sut, u3_noun gil);
-
-  static u3_noun
-  _burn_fork(u3_noun van,
-             u3_noun yed,
-             u3_noun gil)
-  {
-    if ( u3_nul == yed ) {
-      return u3_nul;
-    } else {
-      u3_noun dis = _burn_in(van, u3h(yed), gil);
-      u3_noun mor = _burn_fork(van, u3t(yed), gil);
-
-      if ( u3_nul == dis ) return mor;
-      if ( u3_nul == mor ) return dis;
-      {
-        u3_noun u_dis = u3t(dis);
-        u3_noun u_mor = u3t(mor);
-
-        if ( u3du(u_dis) == u3du(u_mor) ) {
-          if ( c3y == u3qc_gor(u_mor, u_dis) ) {
-            u3z(dis);
-            return mor;
-          } else {
-            u3z(mor);
-            return dis;
-          }
-        } else {
-          if ( c3y == u3ud(u_dis) ) {
-            u3z(mor);
-            return dis;
-          }
-          else {
-            u3z(dis);
-            return mor;
-          }
-        }
-      }
-    }
-  }
-
-  static u3_noun
-  _burn_in(u3_noun van,
-           u3_noun sut,
-           u3_noun gil)
-  {
-    u3_noun p_sut, q_sut, pq_sut, qq_sut, rq_sut, sq_sut, psq_sut, qsq_sut;
-
-    if ( c3n == u3du(sut) ) switch ( sut ) {
-      default: return u3m_bail(c3__fail);
-
-      case c3__noun: return u3nc(u3_nul, 0);
-      case c3__void: {
-        return u3_nul;
-      }
-    }
-    else switch ( u3h(sut) ) {
-      default: return u3m_bail(c3__fail);
-
-      case c3__atom: u3x_cell(u3t(sut), &p_sut, &q_sut);
-      {
-        if ( c3y == u3du(q_sut) ) {
-          return u3nc(u3_nul, u3k(u3t(q_sut)));
-        } else {
-          return u3nc(u3_nul, 0);
-        }
-      }
-      case c3__cell: u3x_cell(u3t(sut), &p_sut, &q_sut);
-      {
-        u3_noun hed = _burn_in(van, p_sut, gil);
-
-        if ( u3_nul == hed ) {
-          return u3_nul;
-        }
-        else {
-          u3_noun tal = _burn_in(van, q_sut, gil);
-
-          if ( u3_nul == tal ) {
-            u3z(hed);
-            return u3_nul;
-          }
-          else {
-            u3_noun ret = u3nt(u3_nul, u3k(u3t(hed)), u3k(u3t(tal)));
-
-            u3z(hed);
-            u3z(tal);
-            return ret;
-          }
-        }
-      }
-      case c3__core: u3x_cell(u3t(sut), &p_sut, &q_sut);
-                     u3x_qual(q_sut, &pq_sut, &qq_sut, &rq_sut, &sq_sut);
-                     u3x_cell(sq_sut, &psq_sut, &qsq_sut);
-      {
-        u3_noun pay = _burn_in(van, p_sut, gil);
-
-        if ( u3_nul == pay ) {
-          return u3_nul;
-        }
-        else {
-          u3_noun ret = u3nt(u3_nul, u3k(psq_sut), u3k(u3t(pay)));
-
-          u3z(pay);
-          return ret;
-        }
-      }
-      case c3__help:
-      case c3__face: u3x_cell(u3t(sut), &p_sut, &q_sut);
-      {
-        return _burn_in(van, q_sut, gil);
-      }
-      case c3__fork: p_sut = u3t(sut);
-      {
-        u3_noun yed = u3qdi_tap(p_sut);
-        u3_noun ret = _burn_fork(van, yed, gil);
-
-        u3z(yed);
-        return ret;
-      }
-      case c3__hold:
-      {
-        if ( (c3y == u3qdi_has(gil, sut)) ) {
-          return u3_nul;
-        }
-        else {
-          u3_noun zoc = u3qdi_put(gil, sut);
-          u3_noun fop = u3qfu_repo(van, sut);
-          u3_noun pro = _burn_in(van, fop, zoc);
-
-          u3z(fop);
-          u3z(zoc);
-
-          return pro;
-        }
-      }
-    }
-  }
-
-  static u3_noun
-  _cqfu_burn(u3_noun van,
-             u3_noun sut)
-  {
-    u3_noun unt = _burn_in(van, sut, u3_nul);
-
-    if ( u3_nul == unt ) {
-      return u3m_error("burn");
-    } 
-    else {
-      u3_noun ret = u3k(u3t(unt));
-
-      u3z(unt);
-      return ret;
-    }
-  }
-
-  u3_noun
-  u3qfu_burn(u3_noun van,
-             u3_noun sut)
-  {
-    c3_m    fun_m = 144 + c3__burn + ((!!u3r_at(u3qfu_van_vet, van)) << 8);
-    u3_noun pro   = u3z_find(fun_m, sut);
-
-    if ( u3_none != pro ) {
-      return pro;
-    }
-    else {
-      pro = _cqfu_burn(van, sut);
-
-      return u3z_save(fun_m, sut, pro);
-    }
-  }
-
-  u3_noun
-  u3wfu_burn(u3_noun cor)
-  {
-    u3_noun sut;
-
-    if ( u3_none == (sut = u3r_at(u3x_sam, cor)) ) {
-      return u3m_bail(c3__fail);
-    } else {
-      return u3qfu_burn(cor, sut);
-    }
-  }
diff --git a/jets/f/ut_crop.c b/jets/f/ut_crop.c
index 15b9cf2d2..6c5380987 100644
--- a/jets/f/ut_crop.c
+++ b/jets/f/ut_crop.c
@@ -142,10 +142,10 @@
         }
         else return _crop_sint(van, sut, ref, bix);
       }
-      case c3__help: u3x_cell(u3t(sut), &p_sut, &q_sut);
+      case c3__form: u3x_cell(u3t(sut), &p_sut, &q_sut);
       {
         u3_noun foz = _crop_dext(van, q_sut, ref, bix);
-        u3_noun ret = u3qf_help(p_sut, foz);
+        u3_noun ret = u3qf_form(p_sut, foz);
 
         u3z(foz);
         return ret;
@@ -204,7 +204,7 @@
       default: return u3m_bail(c3__fail);
 
       case c3__core:
-      case c3__help:
+      case c3__form:
       case c3__face: u3x_cell(u3t(ref), &p_ref, &q_ref);
       {
         return _crop_dext(van, sut, q_ref, bix);
diff --git a/jets/f/ut_find.c b/jets/f/ut_find.c
index 56232183c..943d90ea2 100644
--- a/jets/f/ut_find.c
+++ b/jets/f/ut_find.c
@@ -675,10 +675,10 @@
         // fprintf(stderr, "core\r\n");
         return _find_buck_core(van, sut, way, p_heg, q_heg, axe, lon, gil);
       }
-      case c3__help:
+      case c3__form:
       {
         u3_noun fop = u3qfu_repo(van, sut);
-        u3_noun pro = _find_buck(van, fop, way, p_heg, q_heg, axe, lon, gil);
+        u3_noun pro = _find_bucx(van, fop, way, p_heg, q_heg, axe, lon, gil);
         u3z(fop);
         return pro;
       }
diff --git a/jets/f/ut_fish.c b/jets/f/ut_fish.c
index 40926f030..8656d23e8 100644
--- a/jets/f/ut_fish.c
+++ b/jets/f/ut_fish.c
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@
       case c3__core: {
         return u3m_error("fish-core");
       }
-      case c3__help:
+      case c3__form:
       case c3__face: {
         if ( (c3n == u3r_trel(sut, 0, &p_sut, &q_sut)) ) {
           return u3m_bail(c3__fail);
diff --git a/jets/f/ut_fuse.c b/jets/f/ut_fuse.c
index da3f0204a..42bfbdc73 100644
--- a/jets/f/ut_fuse.c
+++ b/jets/f/ut_fuse.c
@@ -124,10 +124,10 @@
       {
         return _fuse_repo(van, sut, ref, bix);
       }
-      case c3__help: u3x_cell(u3t(sut), &p_sut, &q_sut);
+      case c3__form: u3x_cell(u3t(sut), &p_sut, &q_sut);
       {
         u3_noun vot = _fuse_in(van, q_sut, ref, bix);
-        u3_noun ret = u3qf_help(p_sut, vot);
+        u3_noun ret = u3qf_form(p_sut, vot);
 
         u3z(vot);
         return ret;
diff --git a/jets/f/ut_mint.c b/jets/f/ut_mint.c
index c5cf5876b..dc79ae222 100644
--- a/jets/f/ut_mint.c
+++ b/jets/f/ut_mint.c
@@ -539,12 +539,12 @@
         return pro;
       }
 
-      case c3__help: u3x_cell(u3t(gen), &p_gen, &q_gen);
+      case c3__note: u3x_cell(u3t(gen), &p_gen, &q_gen);
       _mint_used();
       {
         u3_noun hum = _mint_in(van, sut, gol, q_gen);
 
-        u3_noun ret = u3nc(u3qf_help(p_gen, u3h(hum)),
+        u3_noun ret = u3nc(u3qf_form(p_gen, u3h(hum)),
                            u3k(u3t(hum)));
         u3z(hum);
         return ret;
@@ -556,7 +556,7 @@
         u3_noun hep = u3nc(c3__docs, u3k(p_gen));
         u3_noun hum = _mint_in(van, sut, gol, q_gen);
 
-        u3_noun ret = u3nc(u3qf_help(hep, u3h(hum)),
+        u3_noun ret = u3nc(u3qf_form(hep, u3h(hum)),
                            u3k(u3t(hum)));
 
         u3z(hep);
@@ -564,23 +564,6 @@
         return ret;
       }
 
-      case c3__form: u3x_cell(u3t(gen), &p_gen, &q_gen);
-      _mint_used();
-      {
-        u3_noun hum = _mint_in(van, sut, gol, q_gen);
-
-        if ( c3__void == u3h(hum) ) {
-          return hum;
-        } 
-        else {
-          ret = u3nc(u3nt(c3__form, u3nc(u3k(sut), u3k(p_gen)), u3k(u3h(hum))),
-                     u3k(u3t(hum)));
-
-          u3z(hum);
-          return ret;
-        }
-      }
-
       case c3__ktts: u3x_cell(u3t(gen), &p_gen, &q_gen);
       _mint_used();
       {
diff --git a/jets/f/ut_mull.c b/jets/f/ut_mull.c
index 42e3a91c2..a0448077d 100644
--- a/jets/f/ut_mull.c
+++ b/jets/f/ut_mull.c
@@ -521,51 +521,12 @@
         return pro;
       }
 
-      case c3__help: u3x_cell(u3t(gen), &p_gen, &q_gen);
+      case c3__note: u3x_cell(u3t(gen), &p_gen, &q_gen);
       _mull_used();
       {
         u3_noun vat = _mull_in(van, sut, gol, dox, q_gen);
-        u3_noun ret = u3nc(u3qf_help(p_gen, u3h(vat)),
-                           u3qf_help(p_gen, u3t(vat)));
-
-        u3z(vat);
-        return ret;
-      }
-
-      case c3__docs: u3x_cell(u3t(gen), &p_gen, &q_gen);
-      _mull_used();
-      {
-        u3_noun vat = _mull_in(van, sut, gol, dox, q_gen);
-        u3_noun hep = u3nc(c3__docs, u3k(p_gen));
-
-        u3_noun ret = u3nc(u3qf_help(hep, u3h(vat)),
-                           u3qf_help(hep, u3t(vat)));
-
-        u3z(hep);
-        u3z(vat);
-        return ret;
-      }
-
-      case c3__form: u3x_cell(u3t(gen), &p_gen, &q_gen);
-      _mull_used();
-      {
-        u3_noun vat = _mull_in(van, sut, gol, dox, q_gen);
-        u3_noun nup, dur;
-
-        if ( c3__void == u3h(vat) ) {
-          nup = c3__void;
-        }
-        else { 
-          nup = u3nt(c3__form, u3nc(u3k(sut), u3k(p_gen)), u3k(u3h(vat)));
-        }
-
-        if ( c3__void == u3t(vat) ) {
-          dur = c3__void;
-        }
-        else { 
-          dur = u3nt(c3__form, u3nc(u3k(dox), u3k(p_gen)), u3k(u3t(vat)));
-        }
-        ret = u3nc(nup, dur);
+        u3_noun ret = u3nc(u3qf_form(p_gen, u3h(vat)),
+                           u3qf_form(p_gen, u3t(vat)));
 
         u3z(vat);
         return ret;
diff --git a/jets/f/ut_nest.c b/jets/f/ut_nest.c
index 10f00b06d..3d6236c29 100644
--- a/jets/f/ut_nest.c
+++ b/jets/f/ut_nest.c
@@ -283,7 +283,7 @@
           else return _nest_sint(van, sut, tel, ref, seg, reg, gil);
         }
       }
-      case c3__help:
+      case c3__form:
       case c3__face: {
         if ( (c3n == u3r_trel(sut, 0, &p_sut, &q_sut)) ) {
           return u3m_bail(c3__fail);
@@ -447,7 +447,7 @@
           u3z(gam);
           return hiv;
         }
-        case c3__help:
+        case c3__form:
         case c3__face: {
           if ( c3n == u3r_trel(ref, 0, &p_ref, &q_ref) ) {
             return u3m_bail(c3__fail);
diff --git a/jets/f/ut_peek.c b/jets/f/ut_peek.c
index cf02f18da..64234e73d 100644
--- a/jets/f/ut_peek.c
+++ b/jets/f/ut_peek.c
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@
           return pro;
         }
       }
-      case c3__help:
+      case c3__form:
       case c3__face: {
         if ( (c3n == u3r_trel(sut, 0, &p_sut, &q_sut)) ) {
           return u3m_bail(c3__fail);
diff --git a/jets/f/ut_play.c b/jets/f/ut_play.c
index 3b1adf5e8..34218c4cc 100644
--- a/jets/f/ut_play.c
+++ b/jets/f/ut_play.c
@@ -378,41 +378,16 @@
         return pro;
       }
 
-      case c3__help: u3x_cell(u3t(gen), &p_gen, &q_gen);
+      case c3__note: u3x_cell(u3t(gen), &p_gen, &q_gen);
       _play_used();
       {
         u3_noun boc = _play_x(van, sut, q_gen);
-        u3_noun ret = u3qf_help(p_gen, boc);
+        u3_noun ret = u3qf_form(p_gen, boc);
 
         u3z(boc);
         return ret;
       }
 
-      case c3__form: u3x_cell(u3t(gen), &p_gen, &q_gen);
-      _play_used();
-      {
-        u3_noun boc = _play_x(van, sut, q_gen);
-
-        if ( c3__void == boc ) {
-          return boc;
-        } 
-        else {
-          return u3nt(c3__form, u3nc(u3k(sut), u3k(p_gen)), boc);
-        }
-      }
-
-      case c3__docs: u3x_cell(u3t(gen), &p_gen, &q_gen);
-      _play_used();
-      {
-        u3_noun boc = _play_x(van, sut, q_gen);
-        u3_noun hep = u3nc(c3__docs, u3k(p_gen));
-        u3_noun ret = u3qf_help(hep, boc);
-
-        u3z(hep);
-        u3z(boc);
-        return ret;
-      }
-
       case c3__ktts: u3x_cell(u3t(gen), &p_gen, &q_gen);
       _play_used();
       {
diff --git a/jets/f/ut_repo.c b/jets/f/ut_repo.c
index c2807dfc2..8b19f21b5 100644
--- a/jets/f/ut_repo.c
+++ b/jets/f/ut_repo.c
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@
           return u3nt(c3__cell, c3__noun, u3k(p_sut));
         }
       }
-      case c3__help:
+      case c3__form:
       case c3__face: {
         if ( c3n == u3r_cell(u3t(sut), &p_sut, &q_sut)) {
           return u3m_bail(c3__fail);
diff --git a/jets/tree.c b/jets/tree.c
index 784ae0607..eac9856ea 100644
--- a/jets/tree.c
+++ b/jets/tree.c
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ static u3j_core _143_hex_d[] =
   static u3j_harm _143_pen_comb_a[] = {{".2", u3wf_comb}, {}};
   static u3j_harm _143_pen_cons_a[] = {{".2", u3wf_cons}, {}};
   static u3j_harm _143_pen_core_a[] = {{".2", u3wf_core}, {}};
-  static u3j_harm _143_pen_help_a[] = {{".2", u3wf_help}, {}};
+  static u3j_harm _143_pen_form_a[] = {{".2", u3wf_form}, {}};
   static u3j_harm _143_pen_face_a[] = {{".2", u3wf_face}, {}};
   static u3j_harm _143_pen_fitz_a[] = {{".2", u3wf_fitz}, {}};
   static u3j_harm _143_pen_flan_a[] = {{".2", u3wf_flan}, {}};
@@ -116,7 +116,6 @@ static u3j_core _143_hex_d[] =
   static u3j_harm _143_pen_look_a[] = {{".2", u3wf_look}, {}};
   static u3j_harm _143_pen_loot_a[] = {{".2", u3wf_loot}, {}};
 
-    static u3j_harm _143_pen__ut_burn_a[] = {{".2", u3wfu_burn}, {}};
     static u3j_harm _143_pen__ut_conk_a[] = {{".2", u3wfu_conk}, {}};
     static u3j_harm _143_pen__ut_crop_a[] = {{".2", u3wfu_crop}, {}};
     // static u3j_harm _143_pen__ut_fire_a[] = {{".2", u3wfu_fire}, {}};
@@ -133,7 +132,6 @@ static u3j_core _143_hex_d[] =
     static u3j_harm _143_pen__ut_wrap_a[] = {{".2", u3wfu_wrap}, {}};
   static u3j_core _143_pen__ut_d[] =
     { 
-      { "burn", _143_pen__ut_burn_a },
       { "conk", _143_pen__ut_conk_a },
       { "crop", _143_pen__ut_crop_a },
       { "fond", _143_pen__ut_fond_a },
@@ -151,8 +149,7 @@ static u3j_core _143_hex_d[] =
       {}
     };
   static u3j_harm _143_pen__ut_a[] = 
-    { {"burn", u3wfu_burn},
-      {"repo", u3wfu_repo},
+    { {"repo", u3wfu_repo},
       {}
     };
 
@@ -182,7 +179,7 @@ static u3j_core _143_pen_d[] =
     { "flip", _143_pen_flip_a },
     { "flor", _143_pen_flor_a },
     { "fork", _143_pen_fork_a },
-    { "help", _143_pen_help_a },
+    { "form", _143_pen_form_a },
     { "hike", _143_pen_hike_a },
     { "look", _143_pen_look_a },
     { "loot", _143_pen_loot_a },