hasql/library/Hasql/Statement.hs
2020-03-21 20:54:13 +03:00

125 lines
4.4 KiB
Haskell

module Hasql.Statement
(
Statement(..),
refineResult,
-- * Recipies
-- ** Insert many
-- $insertMany
-- ** IN and NOT IN
-- $inAndNotIn
)
where
import Hasql.Private.Prelude
import qualified Hasql.Decoders as Decoders
import qualified Hasql.Encoders as Encoders
import qualified Hasql.Private.Decoders as Decoders
{-|
Specification of a strictly single-statement query, which can be parameterized and prepared.
Consists of the following:
* SQL template,
* params encoder,
* result decoder,
* a flag, determining whether it should be prepared.
The SQL template must be formatted according to Postgres' standard,
with any non-ASCII characters of the template encoded using UTF-8.
According to the format,
parameters must be referred to using a positional notation, as in the following:
@$1@, @$2@, @$3@ and etc.
Those references must be used in accordance to the order in which the according
value encoders are specified in 'Encoders.Params'.
Following is an example of a declaration of a prepared statement with its associated codecs.
@
selectSum :: 'Statement' (Int64, Int64) Int64
selectSum = 'Statement' sql encoder decoder True where
sql = "select ($1 + $2)"
encoder =
('fst' '>$<' Encoders.'Hasql.Encoders.param' (Encoders.'Hasql.Encoders.nonNullable' Encoders.'Hasql.Encoders.int8')) '<>'
('snd' '>$<' Encoders.'Hasql.Encoders.param' (Encoders.'Hasql.Encoders.nullable' Encoders.'Hasql.Encoders.text'))
decoder = Decoders.'Hasql.Decoders.singleRow' (Decoders.'Hasql.Decoders.column' (Decoders.'Hasql.Decoders.nonNullable' Decoders.'Hasql.Decoders.int8'))
@
The statement above accepts a product of two parameters of type 'Int64'
and produces a single result of type 'Int64'.
-}
data Statement a b =
Statement ByteString (Encoders.Params a) (Decoders.Result b) Bool
instance Functor (Statement a) where
{-# INLINE fmap #-}
fmap = rmap
instance Profunctor Statement where
{-# INLINE dimap #-}
dimap f1 f2 (Statement template encoder decoder preparable) =
Statement template (contramap f1 encoder) (fmap f2 decoder) preparable
{-|
Refine a result of a statement,
causing the running session to fail with the `UnexpectedResult` error in case of refinement failure.
This function is especially useful for refining the results of statements produced with
<http://hackage.haskell.org/package/hasql-th the \"hasql-th\" library>.
-}
refineResult :: (a -> Either Text b) -> Statement params a -> Statement params b
refineResult refiner (Statement template encoder decoder preparable) =
Statement template encoder (Decoders.refineResult refiner decoder) preparable
{- $insertMany
It is not currently possible to pass in an array of encodable values
to use in an insert many statement. Instead, PostgreSQL's
(9.4 or later) @unnest@ function can be used in an analogous way
to haskell's `zip` function by passing in multiple arrays of values
to be zipped into the rows we want to insert:
@
insertMultipleLocations :: 'Statement' (Vector (UUID, Double, Double)) ()
insertMultipleLocations = 'Statement' sql encoder decoder True where
sql = "insert into location (id, x, y) select * from unnest ($1, $2, $3)"
encoder =
contramap Vector.'Data.Vector.unzip3' $
contrazip3 (vector Encoders.'Encoders.uuid') (vector Encoders.'Encoders.float8') (vector Encoders.'Encoders.float8')
where
vector =
Encoders.'Encoders.param' .
Encoders.'Encoders.nonNullable' .
Encoders.'Encoders.array' .
Encoders.'Encoders.dimension' 'foldl'' .
Encoders.'Encoders.element' .
Encoders.'Encoders.nonNullable'
decoder = Decoders.'Decoders.noResult'
@
This approach is much more efficient than executing a single-row Insert
statement multiple times.
-}
{- $inAndNotIn
There is a common misconception that Postgresql supports array
as a parameter for the @IN@ operator.
However Postgres only supports a syntactical list of values with it,
i.e., you have to specify each option as an individual parameter
(@something IN ($1, $2, $3)@).
Clearly it would be much more convenient to provide an array as a single parameter,
but the @IN@ operator does not support that.
Fortunately, Postgres does provide such functionality with other operators:
* Use @something = ANY($1)@ instead of @something IN ($1)@
* Use @something <> ALL($1)@ instead of @something NOT IN ($1)@
For details see
<https://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.6/static/functions-comparisons.html#AEN20944 the Postgresql docs>.
-}