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Jörg Thalheim
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README.md
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README.md
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# nixos-anywhere
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# nixos-anywhere
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***Install NixOS everywhere via ssh***
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**_Install NixOS everywhere via ssh_**
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@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ You first create Nix configurations to specify partitioning, formatting and NixO
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Once the configuration has been created, a single command will:
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Once the configuration has been created, a single command will:
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- Connect to the remote server via SSH
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- Connect to the remote server via SSH
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- Detect whether a NixOS installer is present; if not, it will use the Linux ```kexec``` tool to boot into a Nixos installer.
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- Detect whether a NixOS installer is present; if not, it will use the Linux `kexec` tool to boot into a Nixos installer.
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- Use the [disko](https://github.com/nix-community/disko) tool to partition and format the hard drive
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- Use the [disko](https://github.com/nix-community/disko) tool to partition and format the hard drive
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- Install NixOS
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- Install NixOS
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- Optionally install any Nix packages and other software required.
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- Optionally install any Nix packages and other software required.
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@ -40,14 +40,11 @@ It's also possible to use **nixos-anywhere** to simplify the installation on a m
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## Prerequisites
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## Prerequisites
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- Source Machine:
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- Source Machine:
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- - Can be any Linux machine with Nix installed, or a NixOS machine.
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- - Can be any Linux machine with Nix installed, or a NixOS machine.
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- Target Machine:
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- Target Machine:
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- Unless you're using the option to boot from a NixOS installer image, or providing your own ```kexec``` image, it must be running x86-64 Linux with kexec support. Most x86_64 Linux systems do have kexec support. By providing your own [image](./docs/how_to.md#using-your-own-kexec-image) you can also perform kexec for other architectures eg aarch64
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- Unless you're using the option to boot from a NixOS installer image, or providing your own `kexec` image, it must be running x86-64 Linux with kexec support. Most x86_64 Linux systems do have kexec support. By providing your own [image](./docs/how_to.md#using-your-own-kexec-image) you can also perform kexec for other architectures eg aarch64
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- Must have at least 1.5 GB of RAM, excluding swap.
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- Must have at least 1.5 GB of RAM, excluding swap.
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## How to use nixos-anywhere
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## How to use nixos-anywhere
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@ -55,11 +52,11 @@ Here’s a quick summary of how to use **nixos-anywhere**. You can find more i
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The tool doesn't need to be installed, since it can be run directly from this repository.
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The tool doesn't need to be installed, since it can be run directly from this repository.
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First create a repo that includes the disk configuration and a [flake](https://nixos.wiki/wiki/Flakes) to configure your options. This example assumes that flakes have been enabled on your source machine.
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First create a repo that includes the disk configuration and a [flake](https://nixos.wiki/wiki/Flakes) to configure your options. This example assumes that flakes have been enabled on your source machine.
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Here’s an example of a simple disk configuration:
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Here’s an example of a simple disk configuration:
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```
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```nix
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{ disks ? [ "/dev/vda" ], ... }:
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{ disks ? [ "/dev/vda" ], ... }:
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{
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{
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disk = {
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disk = {
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@ -111,7 +108,7 @@ The [disko repository](https://github.com/nix-community/disko/tree/master/exampl
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A simple flake may look like this:
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A simple flake may look like this:
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```
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```nix
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{
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{
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inputs.nixpkgs.url = github:NixOS/nixpkgs;
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inputs.nixpkgs.url = github:NixOS/nixpkgs;
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inputs.disko.url = github:nix-community/disko;
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inputs.disko.url = github:nix-community/disko;
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@ -178,7 +175,7 @@ If you would like to become a contributor, please see our [contribution guidelin
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---
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---
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This project is supported by [Numtide](https://numtide.com/). 
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This project is supported by [Numtide](https://numtide.com/). 
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We are a team of independent freelancers that love open source. We help our customers make their project lifecycles more efficient by:
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We are a team of independent freelancers that love open source. We help our customers make their project lifecycles more efficient by:
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# How To Guide: nixos-anywhere
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# How To Guide: nixos-anywhere
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## Contents
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## Contents
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[Installing on a machine with no operating system](#installing-on-a-machine-with-no-operating-system)
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[Installing on a machine with no operating system](#installing-on-a-machine-with-no-operating-system)
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[Using your own kexec image](#using-your-own-kexec-image)
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[Using your own kexec image](#using-your-own-kexec-image)
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[Using nixos-anywhere without flakes](#using-nixos-anywhere-without-flakes)
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[Using nixos-anywhere without flakes](#using-nixos-anywhere-without-flakes)
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TODO: Add more topics
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TODO: Add more topics
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## Installing on a machine with no operating system
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## Installing on a machine with no operating system
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TODO: Still to be documented
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TODO: Still to be documented
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Include:
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Include:
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`nixos-anywhere` can detect a nixos installer if it contains the identifier `VARIANT=installer` in its `/etc/os-release` file. This is the case for the nixos-unstable installer and will be also part of nixos 23.05. If an installer is detected `nixos-anywhere` will not try to kexec into its own image.
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`nixos-anywhere` can detect a nixos installer if it contains the identifier `VARIANT=installer` in its `/etc/os-release` file. This is the case for the nixos-unstable installer and will be also part of nixos 23.05. If an installer is detected `nixos-anywhere` will not try to kexec into its own image.
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## Using your own kexec image
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## Using your own kexec image
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By default `nixos-anywhere` will download the kexec image from [here](https://github.com/nix-community/nixos-images#kexec-tarballs). It is also possible to provide your own by using the command line switch `--kexec` to specify the image file. The image will then be uploaded prior to executing.
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By default `nixos-anywhere` will download the kexec image from [here](https://github.com/nix-community/nixos-images#kexec-tarballs). It is also possible to provide your own by using the command line switch `--kexec` to specify the image file. The image will then be uploaded prior to executing.
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```
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```
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nixos-anywhere \
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nixos-anywhere \
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--kexec "$(nix build --print-out-paths github:nix-community/nixos-images#packages.x86_64-linux.kexec-installer-noninteractive-nixos-unstable)/nixos-kexec-installer-noninteractive-x86_64-linux.tar.gz" \
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--kexec "$(nix build --print-out-paths github:nix-community/nixos-images#packages.x86_64-linux.kexec-installer-noninteractive-nixos-unstable)/nixos-kexec-installer-noninteractive-x86_64-linux.tar.gz" \
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--flake 'github:your-user/your-repo#your-system' \
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--flake 'github:your-user/your-repo#your-system' \
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root@yourip
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root@yourip
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```
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```
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This is particularly useful for distributions like aarch64-linux, where there is no pre-build image. The following example assumes that your local machine can build for aarch64-linux either natively or through a remote builder
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This is particularly useful for distributions like aarch64-linux, where there is no pre-build image. The following example assumes that your local machine can build for aarch64-linux either natively or through a remote builder
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## Using nixos-anywhere without flakes
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## Using nixos-anywhere without flakes
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TODO: Add content
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TODO: Add content
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```
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```
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```
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```
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# Quickstart Guide: nixos-anywhere
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# Quickstart Guide: nixos-anywhere
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This document describes how to use **nixos-anywhere** in its simplest case: installing NixOS on an existing Linux distribution via SSH.
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This document describes how to use **nixos-anywhere** in its simplest case: installing NixOS on an existing Linux distribution via SSH.
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TODO: Populate this guide
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TODO: Populate this guide
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# Reference Manual: nixos-anywhere
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# Reference Manual: nixos-anywhere
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TODO: Populate this guide properly
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TODO: Populate this guide properly
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## Contents
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## Contents
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[Command Line Usage](#command-line-usage)
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[Command Line Usage](#command-line-usage)
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[Developer guide](#developer-guide)
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[Developer guide](#developer-guide)
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[Explanation of known error messages](#explanation-of-known-error-messages)
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[Explanation of known error messages](#explanation-of-known-error-messages)
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## Command Line Usage
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## Command Line Usage
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<!-- `$ bash ./src/nixos-anywhere.sh --help` -->
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<!-- `$ bash ./src/nixos-anywhere.sh --help` -->
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```
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Usage: nixos-anywhere [options] ssh-host
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```
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Usage: nixos-anywhere [options] ssh-host
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Options:
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Options:
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* -f, --flake flake
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set the flake to install the system from
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* -f, --flake flake
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* -L, --print-build-logs
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set the flake to install the system from
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print full build logs
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* -L, --print-build-logs
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* -s, --store-paths
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print full build logs
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set the store paths to the disko-script and nixos-system directly
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* -s, --store-paths
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if this is give, flake is not needed
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set the store paths to the disko-script and nixos-system directly
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* --no-reboot
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if this is give, flake is not needed
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do not reboot after installation, allowing further customization of the target installation.
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* --no-reboot
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* --kexec url
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do not reboot after installation, allowing further customization of the target installation.
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use another kexec tarball to bootstrap NixOS
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* --kexec url
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* --stop-after-disko
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use another kexec tarball to bootstrap NixOS
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exit after disko formating, you can then proceed to install manually or some other way
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* --stop-after-disko
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* --extra-files files
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exit after disko formating, you can then proceed to install manually or some other way
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files to copy into the new nixos installation
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* --extra-files files
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* --disk-encryption-keys remote_path local_path
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files to copy into the new nixos installation
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copy the contents of the file or pipe in local_path to remote_path in the installer environment,
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* --disk-encryption-keys remote_path local_path
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after kexec but before installation. Can be repeated.
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copy the contents of the file or pipe in local_path to remote_path in the installer environment,
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* --no-substitute-on-destination
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after kexec but before installation. Can be repeated.
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disable passing --substitute-on-destination to nix-copy
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* --no-substitute-on-destination
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* --debug
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disable passing --substitute-on-destination to nix-copy
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enable debug output
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* --debug
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* --option KEY VALUE
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enable debug output
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nix option to pass to every nix related command
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* --option KEY VALUE
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* --from store-uri
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nix option to pass to every nix related command
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URL of the source Nix store to copy the nixos and disko closure from
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* --from store-uri
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* --build-on-remote
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URL of the source Nix store to copy the nixos and disko closure from
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build the closure on the remote machine instead of locally and copy-closuring it
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* --build-on-remote
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```
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build the closure on the remote machine instead of locally and copy-closuring it
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```
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## Developer guide
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## Developer guide
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To run `nixos-anywhere` from the repo:
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To run `nixos-anywhere` from the repo:
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```shell
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nix run . -- --help
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```shell
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```
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nix run . -- --help
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```
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To format the code
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To format the code
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```shell
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nix fmt
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```shell
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```
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nix fmt
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```
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## Explanation of known error messages
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## Explanation of known error messages
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TODO: List actual error messages and meanings. Include:
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TODO: List actual error messages and meanings. Include:
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If you do not have enough RAM you will see failures unpacking the initrd), this is because kexec needs to load the whole nixos into memory.
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If you do not have enough RAM you will see failures unpacking the initrd), this is because kexec needs to load the whole nixos into memory.
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programs.nixpkgs-fmt.enable = true;
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programs.nixpkgs-fmt.enable = true;
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programs.shellcheck.enable = true;
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programs.shellcheck.enable = true;
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programs.shfmt.enable = true;
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programs.shfmt.enable = true;
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programs.prettier.enable = true;
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settings.formatter.shellcheck.options = [ "-s" "bash" ];
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settings.formatter.shellcheck.options = [ "-s" "bash" ];
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};
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};
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formatter = config.treefmt.build.wrapper;
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formatter = config.treefmt.build.wrapper;
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