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# Reference
```{toctree}
:glob: true
pinning-nixpkgs.rst
```

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Reference
=========
.. toctree::
:glob:
pinning-nixpkgs.rst

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(ref-pinning-nixpkgs)=
# Pinning Nixpkgs
Different ways:
- As environment variable: `$NIX_PATH=URL`
- `-I` command line parameter to most of commands like `nix-build`, `nix-shell`, etc
- Using [builtins.fetchTarball](https://nixos.org/manual/nix/stable/expressions/builtins.html) function that fetches the channel at evaluation time
## Possible `URL` values
- Local file path. Using just `.` means that nixpkgs is located in current folder.
- Pinned to a specific commit: `https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/archive/addcb0dddf2b7db505dae5c38fceb691c7ed85f9.tar.gz`
- Using latest channel, meaning all tests have passed: `http://nixos.org/channels/nixos-21.05/nixexprs.tar.xz`
- Using latest channel, but hosted by github: `https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/archive/nixos-21.05.tar.gz`
- Using latest commit for release branch, but not tested yet: `https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/archive/release-21.05.tar.gz`
## Examples
- `nix-build -I ~/dev`
- `nix-build -I nixpkgs=http://nixos.org/channels/nixos-21.05/nixexprs.tar.xz`
- `NIX_PATH=nixpkgs=http://nixos.org/channels/nixos-21.05/nixexprs.tar.xz nix-build ...`
- Using just Nix:
```
let
pkgs = import (fetchTarball "https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/archive/nixos-21.05.tar.gz") {};
in pkgs.stdenv.mkDerivation { … }
```
- To make ad-hoc environment available on NixOS: `nix.nixPath = [ ("nixpkgs=" + toString pkgs.path) ];`

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.. _ref-pinning-nixpkgs:
Pinning Nixpkgs
===============
Different ways:
- As environment variable: ``$NIX_PATH=URL``
- ``-I`` command line parameter to most of commands like ``nix-build``, ``nix-shell``, etc
- Using `builtins.fetchTarball <https://nixos.org/manual/nix/stable/expressions/builtins.html>`_ function that fetches the channel at evaluation time
Possible ``URL`` values
-----------------------
- Local file path. Using just ``.`` means that nixpkgs is located in current folder.
- Pinned to a specific commit: ``https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/archive/addcb0dddf2b7db505dae5c38fceb691c7ed85f9.tar.gz``
- Using latest channel, meaning all tests have passed: ``http://nixos.org/channels/nixos-21.05/nixexprs.tar.xz``
- Using latest channel, but hosted by github: ``https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/archive/nixos-21.05.tar.gz``
- Using latest commit for release branch, but not tested yet: ``https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/archive/release-21.05.tar.gz``
Examples
--------
- ``nix-build -I ~/dev``
- ``nix-build -I nixpkgs=http://nixos.org/channels/nixos-21.05/nixexprs.tar.xz``
- ``NIX_PATH=nixpkgs=http://nixos.org/channels/nixos-21.05/nixexprs.tar.xz nix-build ...``
- Using just Nix::
let
pkgs = import (fetchTarball "https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/archive/nixos-21.05.tar.gz") {};
in pkgs.stdenv.mkDerivation { … }
- To make ad-hoc environment available on NixOS: ``nix.nixPath = [ ("nixpkgs=" + toString pkgs.path) ];``