1{-# LANGUAGE TypeFamilies, FlexibleContexts, FlexibleInstances, MultiParamTypeClasses, RankNTypes, GADTs, ScopedTypeVariables, FunctionalDependencies, RecursiveDo, UndecidableInstances, GeneralizedNewtypeDeriving, StandaloneDeriving, EmptyDataDecls, NoMonomorphismRestriction, TypeOperators, DeriveDataTypeable, PackageImports, TemplateHaskell, LambdaCase, DataKinds, PolyKinds #-}
2module Reflex.Dynamic ( Dynamic -- Abstract so we can preserve the law that the current value is always equal to the most recent update
25 , distributeDMapOverDyn
34 -- Things that probably aren't very useful:
37 , distributeFHListOverDyn
42import Prelude hiding (mapM, mapM_)
45import Data.Functor.Misc
47import Control.Monad hiding (mapM, mapM_, forM, forM_)
48import Control.Monad.Fix
49import Control.Monad.Identity hiding (mapM, mapM_, forM, forM_)
51import Data.Traversable (mapM, forM)
54import qualified Data.Map as Map
55import Data.Dependent.Map (DMap)
56import qualified Data.Dependent.Map as DMap
57import Data.Dependent.Sum (DSum (..))
58import Data.GADT.Compare (GCompare (..), GEq (..), (:~:) (..), GOrdering (..))
60--import Data.HList (HList (..), hBuild)
62data HList (l::[*]) where
64 HCons :: e -> HList l -> HList (e ': l)
68type family HRevApp (l1 :: [k]) (l2 :: [k]) :: [k]
69type instance HRevApp '[] l = l
70type instance HRevApp (e ': l) l' = HRevApp l (e ': l')
72hRevApp :: HList l1 -> HList l2 -> HList (HRevApp l1 l2)
74hRevApp (HCons x l) l' = hRevApp l (HCons x l')
76hReverse :: HList l -> HList (HRevApp l '[])
77hReverse l = hRevApp l HNil
79hBuild :: (HBuild' '[] r) => r
82class HBuild' l r where
83 hBuild' :: HList l -> r
85instance (l' ~ HRevApp l '[])
86 => HBuild' l (HList l') where
87 hBuild' l = hReverse l
89instance HBuild' (a ': l) r
90 => HBuild' l (a->r) where
91 hBuild' l x = hBuild' (HCons x l)
93-- | A container for a value that can change over time and allows notifications on changes.
94-- Basically a combination of a 'Behavior' and an 'Event', with a rule that the Behavior will
95-- change if and only if the Event fires.
97-- Although @Dynamic@ logically has a 'Functor' instance, currently it can\'t
98-- be implemented without potentially requiring the mapped function to be
99-- evaluated twice. Instead, you can use 'mapDyn', which runs in a 'MonadHold'
100-- instance, to achieve the same result.
102 = Dynamic (Behavior t a) (Event t a)
104unsafeDynamic :: Behavior t a -> Event t a -> Dynamic t a
105unsafeDynamic = Dynamic
107-- | Extract the 'Behavior' of a 'Dynamic'.
108current :: Dynamic t a -> Behavior t a
109current (Dynamic b _) = b
111-- | Extract the 'Event' of the 'Dynamic'.
112updated :: Dynamic t a -> Event t a
113updated (Dynamic _ e) = e
115-- | 'Dynamic' with the constant supplied value.
116constDyn :: Reflex t => a -> Dynamic t a
117constDyn x = Dynamic (constant x) never
119-- | Create a 'Dynamic' using the initial value that changes every
120-- time the 'Event' occurs.
121holdDyn :: MonadHold t m => a -> Event t a -> m (Dynamic t a)
126-- | Create a new 'Dynamic' that only signals changes if the values
128nubDyn :: (Reflex t, Eq a) => Dynamic t a -> Dynamic t a
130 let e' = attachWithMaybe (\x x' -> if x' == x then Nothing else Just x') (current d) (updated d)
131 in Dynamic (current d) e' --TODO: Avoid invalidating the outgoing Behavior
134instance Reflex t => Functor (Dynamic t) where
136 let e' = fmap f $ updated d
137 eb' = push (\b' -> liftM Just $ constant b') e'
138 b0 = fmap f $ current d
142-- | Map a function over a 'Dynamic'.
143mapDyn :: (Reflex t, MonadHold t m) => (a -> b) -> Dynamic t a -> m (Dynamic t b)
144mapDyn f = mapDynM $ return . f
146-- | Flipped version of 'mapDyn'.
147forDyn :: (Reflex t, MonadHold t m) => Dynamic t a -> (a -> b) -> m (Dynamic t b)
150-- | Map a monadic function over a 'Dynamic'. The only monadic action that the given function can
151-- perform is 'sample'.
152{-# INLINE mapDynM #-}
153mapDynM :: forall t m a b. (Reflex t, MonadHold t m) => (forall m'. MonadSample t m' => a -> m' b) -> Dynamic t a -> m (Dynamic t b)
155 let e' = push (liftM Just . f :: a -> PushM t (Maybe b)) $ updated d
156 eb' = fmap constant e'
157 v0 = pull $ f =<< sample (current d)
158 bb' :: Behavior t (Behavior t b) <- hold v0 eb'
159 let b' = pull $ sample =<< sample bb'
160 return $ Dynamic b' e'
162-- | Create a 'Dynamic' using the initial value and change it each
163-- time the 'Event' occurs using a folding function on the previous
164-- value and the value of the 'Event'.
165foldDyn :: (Reflex t, MonadHold t m, MonadFix m) => (a -> b -> b) -> b -> Event t a -> m (Dynamic t b)
166foldDyn f = foldDynMaybe $ \o v -> Just $ f o v
168-- | Create a 'Dynamic' using the initial value and change it each
169-- time the 'Event' occurs using a monadic folding function on the
170-- previous value and the value of the 'Event'.
171foldDynM :: (Reflex t, MonadHold t m, MonadFix m) => (a -> b -> PushM t b) -> b -> Event t a -> m (Dynamic t b)
172foldDynM f = foldDynMaybeM $ \o v -> liftM Just $ f o v
174foldDynMaybe :: (Reflex t, MonadHold t m, MonadFix m) => (a -> b -> Maybe b) -> b -> Event t a -> m (Dynamic t b)
175foldDynMaybe f = foldDynMaybeM $ \o v -> return $ f o v
177foldDynMaybeM :: (Reflex t, MonadHold t m, MonadFix m) => (a -> b -> PushM t (Maybe b)) -> b -> Event t a -> m (Dynamic t b)
178foldDynMaybeM f z e = do
179 rec let e' = flip push e $ \o -> do
183 return $ Dynamic b' e'
185-- | Create a new 'Dynamic' that counts the occurences of the 'Event'.
186count :: (Reflex t, MonadHold t m, MonadFix m, Num b) => Event t a -> m (Dynamic t b)
187count e = holdDyn 0 =<< zipListWithEvent const (iterate (+1) 1) e
189-- | Create a new 'Dynamic' using the initial value that flips its
190-- value every time the 'Event' occurs.
191toggle :: (Reflex t, MonadHold t m, MonadFix m) => Bool -> Event t a -> m (Dynamic t Bool)
192toggle = foldDyn (const not)
194-- | Switches to the new 'Event' whenever it receives one. Switching
195-- occurs *before* the inner 'Event' fires - so if the 'Dynamic' changes and both the old and new
196-- inner Events fire simultaneously, the output will fire with the value of the *new* 'Event'.
197switchPromptlyDyn :: forall t a. Reflex t => Dynamic t (Event t a) -> Event t a
198switchPromptlyDyn de =
199 let eLag = switch $ current de
200 eCoincidences = coincidence $ updated de
201 in leftmost [eCoincidences, eLag]
205mergeEventsWith :: Reflex t m => (a -> a -> a) -> Event t a -> Event t a -> m (Event t a)
206mergeEventsWith f ea eb = mapE (mergeThese f) =<< alignEvents ea eb
208firstE :: (Reflex t m) => [Event t a] -> m (Event t a)
209firstE [] = return never
210firstE (h:t) = mergeEventsLeftBiased h =<< firstE t
212concatEventsWith :: (Reflex t m) => (a -> a -> a) -> [Event t a] -> m (Event t a)
213concatEventsWith _ [] = return never
214concatEventsWith _ [e] = return e
215concatEventsWith f es = mapEM (liftM (foldl1 f . map (\(Const2 _ :=> v) -> v) . DMap.toList) . sequenceDmap) <=< mergeEventDMap $ DMap.fromList $ map (\(k, v) -> WrapArg (Const2 k) :=> v) $ zip [0 :: Int ..] es
216--concatEventsWith f (h:t) = mergeEventsWith f h =<< concatEventsWith f t
218mconcatE :: (Reflex t m, Monoid a) => [Event t a] -> m (Event t a)
219mconcatE = concatEventsWith mappend
222-- | Split the 'Dynamic' into two 'Dynamic's, each taking the
223-- respective value of the tuple.
224splitDyn :: (Reflex t, MonadHold t m) => Dynamic t (a, b) -> m (Dynamic t a, Dynamic t b)
225splitDyn d = liftM2 (,) (mapDyn fst d) (mapDyn snd d)
227-- | Merge the 'Dynamic' values using their 'Monoid' instance.
228mconcatDyn :: forall t m a. (Reflex t, MonadHold t m, Monoid a) => [Dynamic t a] -> m (Dynamic t a)
230 ddm :: Dynamic t (DMap (Const2 Int a) Identity) <- distributeDMapOverDyn . DMap.fromList . map (\(k, v) -> Const2 k :=> v) $ zip [0 :: Int ..] es
231 mapDyn (mconcat . map (\(Const2 _ :=> Identity v) -> v) . DMap.toList) ddm
233-- | Create a 'Dynamic' with a 'DMap' of values out of a 'DMap' of
235distributeDMapOverDyn :: forall t m k. (Reflex t, MonadHold t m, GCompare k) => DMap k (Dynamic t) -> m (Dynamic t (DMap k Identity))
236distributeDMapOverDyn dm = case DMap.toList dm of
237 [] -> return $ constDyn DMap.empty
238 [k :=> v] -> mapDyn (DMap.singleton k . Identity) v
240 let edmPre = merge $ rewrapDMap updated dm
241 edm :: Event t (DMap k Identity) = flip push edmPre $ \o -> return . Just =<< do
243 This origDyn -> sample $ current origDyn
244 That _ -> error "distributeDMapOverDyn: should be impossible to have an event occurring that is not present in the original DMap"
245 These _ (Identity newVal) -> return newVal
246 sequenceDmap $ combineDMapsWithKey f dm (wrapDMap Identity o)
247 dm0 :: Behavior t (DMap k Identity) = pull $ do
248 liftM DMap.fromList . forM (DMap.toList dm) $ \(k :=> dv) -> liftM ((k :=>) . Identity) . sample $ current dv
249 bbdm :: Behavior t (Behavior t (DMap k Identity)) <- hold dm0 $ fmap constant edm
250 let bdm = pull $ sample =<< sample bbdm
251 return $ Dynamic bdm edm
253-- | Merge two 'Dynamic's into a new one using the provided
254-- function. The new 'Dynamic' changes its value each time one of the
255-- original 'Dynamic's changes its value.
256combineDyn :: forall t m a b c. (Reflex t, MonadHold t m) => (a -> b -> c) -> Dynamic t a -> Dynamic t b -> m (Dynamic t c)
257combineDyn f da db = do
258 let eab = align (updated da) (updated db)
259 ec = flip push eab $ \o -> do
262 b <- sample $ current db
265 a <- sample $ current da
267 These a b -> return (a, b)
268 return $ Just $ f a b
269 c0 :: Behavior t c = pull $ liftM2 f (sample $ current da) (sample $ current db)
270 bbc :: Behavior t (Behavior t c) <- hold c0 $ fmap constant ec
271 let bc :: Behavior t c = pull $ sample =<< sample bbc
272 return $ Dynamic bc ec
275tagInnerDyn :: Reflex t => Event t (Dynamic t a) -> Event t a
277 let eSlow = push (liftM Just . sample . current) e
278 eFast = coincidence $ fmap updated e
279 in leftmost [eFast, eSlow]
282-- | Join a nested 'Dynamic' into a new 'Dynamic' that has the value
283-- of the inner 'Dynamic'.
284joinDyn :: forall t a. (Reflex t) => Dynamic t (Dynamic t a) -> Dynamic t a
286 let b' = pull $ sample . current =<< sample (current dd)
287 eOuter :: Event t a = pushAlways (sample . current) $ updated dd
288 eInner :: Event t a = switch $ fmap updated (current dd)
289 eBoth :: Event t a = coincidence $ fmap updated (updated dd)
290 e' = leftmost [eBoth, eOuter, eInner]
293--TODO: Generalize this to functors other than Maps
294-- | Combine a 'Dynamic' of a 'Map' of 'Dynamic's into a 'Dynamic'
295-- with the current values of the 'Dynamic's in a map.
296joinDynThroughMap :: forall t k a. (Reflex t, Ord k) => Dynamic t (Map k (Dynamic t a)) -> Dynamic t (Map k a)
297joinDynThroughMap dd =
298 let b' = pull $ mapM (sample . current) =<< sample (current dd)
299 eOuter :: Event t (Map k a) = pushAlways (mapM (sample . current)) $ updated dd
300 eInner :: Event t (Map k a) = attachWith (flip Map.union) b' $ switch $ fmap (mergeMap . fmap updated) (current dd) --Note: the flip is important because Map.union is left-biased
301 readNonFiring :: MonadSample t m => These (Dynamic t a) a -> m a
302 readNonFiring = \case
303 This d -> sample $ current d
305 These _ a -> return a
306 eBoth :: Event t (Map k a) = coincidence $ fmap (\m -> pushAlways (mapM readNonFiring . align m) $ mergeMap $ fmap updated m) (updated dd)
307 e' = leftmost [eBoth, eOuter, eInner]
310-- | Print the value of the 'Dynamic' on each change and prefix it
311-- with the provided string. This should /only/ be used for debugging.
313-- Note: Just like Debug.Trace.trace, the value will only be shown if something
314-- else in the system is depending on it.
315traceDyn :: (Reflex t, Show a) => String -> Dynamic t a -> Dynamic t a
316traceDyn s = traceDynWith $ \x -> s <> ": " <> show x
318-- | Print the result of applying the provided function to the value
319-- of the 'Dynamic' on each change. This should /only/ be used for
322-- Note: Just like Debug.Trace.trace, the value will only be shown if something
323-- else in the system is depending on it.
324traceDynWith :: Reflex t => (a -> String) -> Dynamic t a -> Dynamic t a
326 let e' = traceEventWith f $ updated d
327 in Dynamic (current d) e'
329-- | Replace the value of the 'Event' with the current value of the 'Dynamic'
330-- each time the 'Event' occurs.
332-- Note: `tagDyn d e` differs from `tag (current d) e` in the case that `e` is firing
333-- at the same time that `d` is changing. With `tagDyn d e`, the *new* value of `d`
334-- will replace the value of `e`, whereas with `tag (current d) e`, the *old* value
335-- will be used, since the 'Behavior' won't be updated until the end of the frame.
336-- Additionally, this means that the output 'Event' may not be used to directly change
337-- the input 'Dynamic', because that would mean its value depends on itself. When creating
338-- cyclic data flows, generally `tag (current d) e` is preferred.
339tagDyn :: Reflex t => Dynamic t a -> Event t b -> Event t a
340tagDyn = attachDynWith const
342-- | Attach the current value of the 'Dynamic' to the value of the
343-- 'Event' each time it occurs.
345-- Note: `attachDyn d` is not the same as `attach (current d)`. See 'tagDyn' for details.
346attachDyn :: Reflex t => Dynamic t a -> Event t b -> Event t (a, b)
347attachDyn = attachDynWith (,)
349-- | Combine the current value of the 'Dynamic' with the value of the
350-- 'Event' each time it occurs.
352-- Note: `attachDynWith f d` is not the same as `attachWith f (current d)`. See 'tagDyn' for details.
353attachDynWith :: Reflex t => (a -> b -> c) -> Dynamic t a -> Event t b -> Event t c
354attachDynWith f = attachDynWithMaybe $ \a b -> Just $ f a b
356-- | Create a new 'Event' by combining the value at each occurence
357-- with the current value of the 'Dynamic' value and possibly
358-- filtering if the combining function returns 'Nothing'.
360-- Note: `attachDynWithMaybe f d` is not the same as `attachWithMaybe f (current d)`. See 'tagDyn' for details.
361attachDynWithMaybe :: Reflex t => (a -> b -> Maybe c) -> Dynamic t a -> Event t b -> Event t c
362attachDynWithMaybe f d e =
363 let e' = attach (current d) e
364 in fforMaybe (align e' $ updated d) $ \case
365 This (a, b) -> f a b -- Only the tagging event is firing, so use that
366 These (_, b) a -> f a b -- Both events are firing, so use the newer value
367 That _ -> Nothing -- The tagging event isn't firing, so don't fire
369--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
371--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
373-- | Represents a time changing value together with an 'EventSelector'
374-- that can efficiently detect when the underlying Dynamic has a particular value.
375-- This is useful for representing data like the current selection of a long list.
378-- > getDemuxed (demux d) k === mapDyn (== k) d
379-- However, the when getDemuxed is used multiple times, the complexity is only /O(log(n))/,
380-- rather than /O(n)/ for mapDyn.
381data Demux t k = Demux { demuxValue :: Behavior t k
382 , demuxSelector :: EventSelector t (Const2 k Bool)
385-- | Demultiplex an input value to a 'Demux' with many outputs. At any given time, whichever output is indicated by the given 'Dynamic' will be 'True'.
386demux :: (Reflex t, Ord k) => Dynamic t k -> Demux t k
387demux k = Demux (current k)
388 (fan $ attachWith (\k0 k1 -> if k0 == k1
390 else DMap.fromList [Const2 k0 :=> Identity False,
391 Const2 k1 :=> Identity True])
392 (current k) (updated k))
394--TODO: The pattern of using hold (sample b0) can be reused in various places as a safe way of building certain kinds of Dynamics; see if we can factor this out
395-- | Select a particular output of the 'Demux'; this is equivalent to (but much faster than)
396-- mapping over the original 'Dynamic' and checking whether it is equal to the given key.
397getDemuxed :: (Reflex t, MonadHold t m, Eq k) => Demux t k -> k -> m (Dynamic t Bool)
399 let e = select (demuxSelector d) (Const2 k)
400 bb <- hold (liftM (==k) $ sample $ demuxValue d) $ fmap return e
401 let b = pull $ join $ sample bb
404--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
406--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
408--TODO: This whole section is badly in need of cleanup
411 FHNil :: FHList f '[]
412 FHCons :: f e -> FHList f l -> FHList f (e ': l)
414instance GEq (HListPtr l) where
415 HHeadPtr `geq` HHeadPtr = Just Refl
416 HHeadPtr `geq` HTailPtr _ = Nothing
417 HTailPtr _ `geq` HHeadPtr = Nothing
418 HTailPtr a `geq` HTailPtr b = a `geq` b
420instance GCompare (HListPtr l) where -- Warning: This ordering can't change, dmapTo*HList will break
421 HHeadPtr `gcompare` HHeadPtr = GEQ
422 HHeadPtr `gcompare` HTailPtr _ = GLT
423 HTailPtr _ `gcompare` HHeadPtr = GGT
424 HTailPtr a `gcompare` HTailPtr b = a `gcompare` b
426data HListPtr l a where
427 HHeadPtr :: HListPtr (h ': t) h
428 HTailPtr :: HListPtr t a -> HListPtr (h ': t) a
430fhlistToDMap :: forall (f :: * -> *) l. FHList f l -> DMap (HListPtr l) f
431fhlistToDMap = DMap.fromList . go
432 where go :: forall l'. FHList f l' -> [DSum (HListPtr l') f]
435 FHCons h t -> (HHeadPtr :=> h) : map (\(p :=> v) -> (HTailPtr p) :=> v) (go t)
437class RebuildSortedHList l where
438 rebuildSortedFHList :: [DSum (HListPtr l) f] -> FHList f l
439 rebuildSortedHList :: [DSum (HListPtr l) Identity] -> HList l
441instance RebuildSortedHList '[] where
442 rebuildSortedFHList l = case l of
444 _ : _ -> error "rebuildSortedFHList{'[]}: empty list expected"
445 rebuildSortedHList l = case l of
447 _ : _ -> error "rebuildSortedHList{'[]}: empty list expected"
449instance RebuildSortedHList t => RebuildSortedHList (h ': t) where
450 rebuildSortedFHList l = case l of
451 ((HHeadPtr :=> h) : t) -> FHCons h . rebuildSortedFHList . map (\(HTailPtr p :=> v) -> p :=> v) $ t
452 _ -> error "rebuildSortedFHList{h':t}: non-empty list with HHeadPtr expected"
453 rebuildSortedHList l = case l of
454 ((HHeadPtr :=> Identity h) : t) -> HCons h . rebuildSortedHList . map (\(HTailPtr p :=> v) -> p :=> v) $ t
455 _ -> error "rebuildSortedHList{h':t}: non-empty list with HHeadPtr expected"
457dmapToHList :: forall l. RebuildSortedHList l => DMap (HListPtr l) Identity -> HList l
458dmapToHList = rebuildSortedHList . DMap.toList
460distributeFHListOverDyn :: forall t m l. (Reflex t, MonadHold t m, RebuildSortedHList l) => FHList (Dynamic t) l -> m (Dynamic t (HList l))
461distributeFHListOverDyn l = mapDyn dmapToHList =<< distributeDMapOverDyn (fhlistToDMap l)
463distributeFHListOverDyn l = do
465 c0 = pull $ sequenceFHList $ natMap (sample . current) l
466 bbc <- hold c0 $ fmap constant ec
467 let bc = pull $ sample =<< sample bbc
468 return $ Dynamic bc ec
471class AllAreFunctors (f :: a -> *) (l :: [a]) where
472 type FunctorList f l :: [*]
473 toFHList :: HList (FunctorList f l) -> FHList f l
474 fromFHList :: FHList f l -> HList (FunctorList f l)
476instance AllAreFunctors f '[] where
477 type FunctorList f '[] = '[]
478 toFHList l = case l of
480 _ -> error "toFHList: impossible" -- Otherwise, GHC complains of a non-exhaustive pattern match; see https://ghc.haskell.org/trac/ghc/ticket/4139
481 fromFHList FHNil = HNil
483instance AllAreFunctors f t => AllAreFunctors f (h ': t) where
484 type FunctorList f (h ': t) = f h ': FunctorList f t
485 toFHList l = case l of
486 a `HCons` b -> a `FHCons` toFHList b
487 _ -> error "toFHList: impossible" -- Otherwise, GHC complains of a non-exhaustive pattern match; see https://ghc.haskell.org/trac/ghc/ticket/4139
488 fromFHList (a `FHCons` b) = a `HCons` fromFHList b
490collectDyn :: ( RebuildSortedHList (HListElems b)
491 , IsHList a, IsHList b
492 , AllAreFunctors (Dynamic t) (HListElems b)
493 , Reflex t, MonadHold t m
494 , HListElems a ~ FunctorList (Dynamic t) (HListElems b)
495 ) => a -> m (Dynamic t b)
497 mapDyn fromHList =<< distributeFHListOverDyn (toFHList $ toHList ds)
501 type HListElems a :: [*]
502 toHList :: a -> HList (HListElems a)
503 fromHList :: HList (HListElems a) -> a
505instance IsHList (a, b) where
506 type HListElems (a, b) = [a, b]
507 toHList (a, b) = hBuild a b
508 fromHList l = case l of
509 a `HCons` b `HCons` HNil -> (a, b)
510 _ -> error "fromHList: impossible" -- Otherwise, GHC complains of a non-exhaustive pattern match; see https://ghc.haskell.org/trac/ghc/ticket/4139
512instance IsHList (a, b, c, d) where
513 type HListElems (a, b, c, d) = [a, b, c, d]
514 toHList (a, b, c, d) = hBuild a b c d
515 fromHList l = case l of
516 a `HCons` b `HCons` c `HCons` d `HCons` HNil -> (a, b, c, d)
517 _ -> error "fromHList: impossible" -- Otherwise, GHC complains of a non-exhaustive pattern match; see https://ghc.haskell.org/trac/ghc/ticket/4139
519instance IsHList (a, b, c, d, e, f) where
520 type HListElems (a, b, c, d, e, f) = [a, b, c, d, e, f]
521 toHList (a, b, c, d, e, f) = hBuild a b c d e f
522 fromHList l = case l of
523 a `HCons` b `HCons` c `HCons` d `HCons` e `HCons` f `HCons` HNil -> (a, b, c, d, e, f)
524 _ -> error "fromHList: impossible" -- Otherwise, GHC complains of a non-exhaustive pattern match; see https://ghc.haskell.org/trac/ghc/ticket/4139
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