Reducing JOINs in queries (#3966)

* Move experimental_session_count? logic to within query object

* WIP new querying system for deciding what tables to query

* both -> either

* Include sample_percent in both tables

* Remove a hanging TODO

* Allow filtering by visit props on event queries if flag is on

* Make default sessions join more conditional

* Simplify events_join_sessions?

* Add some TODOs

* Fix assignment

* Handle entry/exit page visit props separately from props stored in events table

* Update test which created sessions/events differently from everyone else

* Make query_events private

* Dont filter by session properties on events table if querying sessions and joining in events

* Handle visits, pageviews, events and visitors metrics from other table

* both -> either

* events, pageviews are strictly event metrics

* Add support for (plain) breakdowns deciding which table to use

* Run tests with experimental_reduced_joins as a separate job

Also refactor which tests are run with postgres:15 to reduce number of jobs

* moduledocs for TableDecider

* Fix matrix

* Custom build name

* Move TEST_EXPERIMENTAL_REDUCED_JOINS check

* Handle percentage separately from other metrics

* Remove debug code

* TableDecider tests

* both => sample_percent

* Improve naming

* Simplify code

* Breakdowns retain old behavior if getting metric visitors

* Unify behavior of entry/exit page hostnames with rest

* Fix test naming
This commit is contained in:
Karl-Aksel Puulmann 2024-04-04 13:54:23 +03:00 committed by GitHub
parent 6af80dd246
commit 3115c6e7a8
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12 changed files with 420 additions and 131 deletions

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@ -15,14 +15,25 @@ env:
jobs:
build:
name: Build and test
name: "Build and test (${{ matrix.mix_env }}, ${{ matrix.postgres_image }}${{ matrix.test_experimental_reduced_joins == '1' && ', experimental_reduced_joins' || '' }})"
runs-on: ubuntu-latest
strategy:
matrix:
mix_env: ['test', 'small_test']
postgres_image: ['postgres:15', 'postgres:16']
postgres_image: ['postgres:16']
test_experimental_reduced_joins: ['0']
include:
- mix_env: 'test'
postgres_image: 'postgres:15'
test_experimental_reduced_joins: '0'
- mix_env: 'test'
postgres_image: 'postgres:16'
test_experimental_reduced_joins: '1'
env:
MIX_ENV: ${{ matrix.mix_env }}
TEST_EXPERIMENTAL_REDUCED_JOINS: ${{ matrix.test_experimental_reduced_joins }}
services:
postgres:
image: ${{ matrix.postgres_image }}

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@ -5,19 +5,6 @@ defmodule Plausible.Stats.Aggregate do
import Ecto.Query
alias Plausible.Stats.{Query, Util}
@revenue_metrics on_full_build(do: Plausible.Stats.Goal.Revenue.revenue_metrics(), else: [])
@event_metrics [
:visitors,
:pageviews,
:events,
:sample_percent,
:conversion_rate,
:total_visitors
] ++ @revenue_metrics
@session_metrics [:visits, :bounce_rate, :visit_duration, :views_per_visit, :sample_percent]
def aggregate(site, query, metrics) do
{currency, metrics} =
on_full_build do
@ -28,18 +15,17 @@ defmodule Plausible.Stats.Aggregate do
Query.trace(query, metrics)
event_metrics =
{event_metrics, session_metrics, other_metrics} =
metrics
|> Util.maybe_add_visitors_metric()
|> Enum.filter(&(&1 in @event_metrics))
|> Plausible.Stats.TableDecider.partition_metrics(query)
event_task = fn -> aggregate_events(site, query, event_metrics) end
session_metrics = Enum.filter(metrics, &(&1 in @session_metrics))
session_task = fn -> aggregate_sessions(site, query, session_metrics) end
time_on_page_task =
if :time_on_page in metrics do
if :time_on_page in other_metrics do
fn -> aggregate_time_on_page(site, query) end
else
fn -> %{} end

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@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ defmodule Plausible.Stats.Base do
use Plausible
use Plausible.Stats.Fragments
alias Plausible.Stats.{Query, Filters}
alias Plausible.Stats.{Query, Filters, TableDecider}
alias Plausible.Timezones
import Ecto.Query
@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ defmodule Plausible.Stats.Base do
def base_event_query(site, query) do
events_q = query_events(site, query)
if Enum.any?(Filters.visit_props(), &query.filters["visit:" <> &1]) do
if TableDecider.events_join_sessions?(query) do
sessions_q =
from(
s in query_sessions(site, query),
@ -29,12 +29,16 @@ defmodule Plausible.Stats.Base do
join: sq in subquery(sessions_q),
on: e.session_id == sq.session_id
)
else
if query.experimental_reduced_joins? do
events_q |> filter_by_visit_props(Filters.event_table_visit_props(), query)
else
events_q
end
end
end
def query_events(site, query) do
defp query_events(site, query) do
{first_datetime, last_datetime} = utc_boundaries(query, site)
q =
@ -125,6 +129,27 @@ defmodule Plausible.Stats.Base do
q
end
def query_sessions(site, query) do
{first_datetime, last_datetime} =
utc_boundaries(query, site)
q = from(s in "sessions_v2", where: s.site_id == ^site.id)
sessions_q =
if query.experimental_session_count? do
from s in q, where: s.timestamp >= ^first_datetime and s.start < ^last_datetime
else
from s in q, where: s.start >= ^first_datetime and s.start < ^last_datetime
end
on_full_build do
sessions_q = Plausible.Stats.Sampling.add_query_hint(sessions_q, query)
end
filter_by_entry_props(sessions_q, query)
|> filter_by_visit_props(Filters.visit_props(), query)
end
@api_prop_name_to_db %{
"source" => "referrer_source",
"device" => "screen_size",
@ -137,27 +162,8 @@ defmodule Plausible.Stats.Base do
"entry_page_hostname" => "hostname"
}
def query_sessions(site, query) do
{first_datetime, last_datetime} =
utc_boundaries(query, site)
q = from(s in "sessions_v2", where: s.site_id == ^site.id)
sessions_q =
if FunWithFlags.enabled?(:experimental_session_count, for: site) or
query.experimental_session_count? do
from s in q, where: s.timestamp >= ^first_datetime and s.start < ^last_datetime
else
from s in q, where: s.start >= ^first_datetime and s.start < ^last_datetime
end
on_full_build do
sessions_q = Plausible.Stats.Sampling.add_query_hint(sessions_q, query)
end
sessions_q = filter_by_entry_props(sessions_q, query)
Enum.reduce(Filters.visit_props(), sessions_q, fn prop_name, sessions_q ->
defp filter_by_visit_props(q, visit_props, query) do
Enum.reduce(visit_props, q, fn prop_name, sessions_q ->
filter_key = "visit:" <> prop_name
db_field =
@ -241,6 +247,13 @@ defmodule Plausible.Stats.Base do
}
end
defp select_event_metric(:visits) do
%{
visits:
dynamic([e], fragment("toUInt64(round(uniq(?) * any(_sample_factor)))", e.session_id))
}
end
on_full_build do
defp select_event_metric(:total_revenue) do
%{total_revenue: Plausible.Stats.Goal.Revenue.total_revenue_query()}

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@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ defmodule Plausible.Stats.Breakdown do
import Plausible.Stats.{Base, Imported}
import Ecto.Query
require OpenTelemetry.Tracer, as: Tracer
alias Plausible.Stats.{Query, Util}
alias Plausible.Stats.{Query, Util, TableDecider}
@no_ref "Direct / None"
@not_set "(not set)"
@ -103,7 +103,6 @@ defmodule Plausible.Stats.Breakdown do
{event_q, page_q} ->
from(
e in subquery(union_all(event_q, ^page_q)),
# :TODO: Handle other orderings
order_by: [desc: e.visitors]
)
|> apply_pagination(pagination)
@ -200,9 +199,35 @@ defmodule Plausible.Stats.Breakdown do
metrics_to_select = Util.maybe_add_visitors_metric(metrics) -- @computed_metrics
case breakdown_table(query, metrics, property) do
:session ->
breakdown_sessions(site, query, property, metrics_to_select)
|> maybe_add_group_conversion_rate(&breakdown_sessions/4, site, query, property, metrics)
|> paginate_and_execute(metrics, pagination)
:event ->
breakdown_events(site, query, property, metrics_to_select)
|> maybe_add_group_conversion_rate(&breakdown_events/4, site, query, property, metrics)
|> paginate_and_execute(metrics, pagination)
end
end
# Backwards compatibility
# defp breakdown_table(%Query{experimental_reduced_joins?: false}, _, _), do: :session
defp breakdown_table(_query, _metrics, "visit:entry_page"), do: :session
defp breakdown_table(_query, _metrics, "visit:entry_page_hostname"), do: :session
defp breakdown_table(_query, _metrics, "visit:exit_page"), do: :session
defp breakdown_table(_query, _metrics, "visit:exit_page_hostname"), do: :session
defp breakdown_table(query, metrics, property) do
{_, session_metrics, _} = TableDecider.partition_metrics(metrics, query, property)
if not Enum.empty?(session_metrics) do
:session
else
:event
end
end
defp zip_results(event_result, session_result, property, metrics) do

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@ -29,6 +29,15 @@ defmodule Plausible.Stats.Filters do
]
def visit_props(), do: @visit_props |> Enum.map(&to_string/1)
@event_table_visit_props @visit_props --
[
:entry_page,
:exit_page,
:entry_page_hostname,
:exit_page_hostname
]
def event_table_visit_props(), do: @event_table_visit_props |> Enum.map(&to_string/1)
@event_props [:name, :page, :goal, :hostname]
def event_props(), do: @event_props |> Enum.map(&to_string/1)

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@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ defmodule Plausible.Stats.Query do
include_imported: false,
now: nil,
experimental_session_count?: false,
experimental_reduced_joins?: false,
experimental_hostname_filter?: false
require OpenTelemetry.Tracer, as: Tracer
@ -23,7 +24,9 @@ defmodule Plausible.Stats.Query do
query =
__MODULE__
|> struct!(now: now)
|> put_experimental_flags(params)
|> put_experimental_session_count(site, params)
|> put_experimental_reduced_joins(site, params)
|> put_experimental_hostname_filter(params)
|> put_period(site, params)
|> put_interval(params)
|> put_parsed_filters(params)
@ -37,14 +40,38 @@ defmodule Plausible.Stats.Query do
query
end
defp put_experimental_flags(query, params) do
%{
"experimental_session_count" => :experimental_session_count?,
"experimental_hostname_filter" => :experimental_hostname_filter?
}
|> Enum.reduce(query, fn {param, flag}, query ->
if Map.get(params, param) == "true", do: Map.put(query, flag, true), else: query
end)
defp put_experimental_session_count(query, site, params) do
if Map.has_key?(params, "experimental_session_count") do
struct!(query,
experimental_session_count?: Map.get(params, "experimental_session_count") == "true"
)
else
struct!(query,
experimental_session_count?: FunWithFlags.enabled?(:experimental_session_count, for: site)
)
end
end
defp put_experimental_reduced_joins(query, site, params) do
if Map.has_key?(params, "experimental_reduced_joins") do
struct!(query,
experimental_reduced_joins?: Map.get(params, "experimental_reduced_joins") == "true"
)
else
struct!(query,
experimental_reduced_joins?: FunWithFlags.enabled?(:experimental_reduced_joins, for: site)
)
end
end
defp put_experimental_hostname_filter(query, params) do
if Map.has_key?(params, "experimental_hostname_filter") do
struct!(query,
experimental_hostname_filter?: Map.get(params, "experimental_hostname_filter") == "true"
)
else
query
end
end
defp put_period(query, site, %{"period" => "realtime"}) do

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@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
defmodule Plausible.Stats.TableDecider do
@moduledoc """
This module contains logic for deciding which tables need to be queried given a query
and metrics, with the purpose of reducing the number of queries and JOINs needed to perform.
"""
import Enum, only: [empty?: 1]
alias Plausible.Stats.Query
def events_join_sessions?(query) do
Enum.any?(query.filters, &(filters_partitioner(query, &1) == :session))
end
def partition_metrics(metrics, query, breakdown_property \\ nil) do
%{
event: event_only_metrics,
session: session_only_metrics,
either: either_metrics,
other: other_metrics,
sample_percent: sample_percent
} =
partition(metrics, query, &metric_partitioner/2)
# Treat breakdown property as yet another filter
filters =
if breakdown_property do
Map.put(query.filters, breakdown_property, nil)
else
query.filters
end
%{event: event_only_filters, session: session_only_filters} =
partition(filters, query, &filters_partitioner/2)
cond do
# Only one table needs to be queried
empty?(event_only_metrics) && empty?(event_only_filters) ->
{[], session_only_metrics ++ either_metrics ++ sample_percent, other_metrics}
empty?(session_only_metrics) && empty?(session_only_filters) ->
{event_only_metrics ++ either_metrics ++ sample_percent, [], other_metrics}
# Filters on both events and sessions, but only one kind of metric
empty?(event_only_metrics) ->
{[], session_only_metrics ++ either_metrics ++ sample_percent, other_metrics}
empty?(session_only_metrics) ->
{event_only_metrics ++ either_metrics ++ sample_percent, [], other_metrics}
# Default: prefer sessions
true ->
{event_only_metrics ++ sample_percent,
session_only_metrics ++ either_metrics ++ sample_percent, other_metrics}
end
end
defp metric_partitioner(_, :conversion_rate), do: :event
defp metric_partitioner(_, :average_revenue), do: :event
defp metric_partitioner(_, :total_revenue), do: :event
defp metric_partitioner(_, :pageviews), do: :event
defp metric_partitioner(_, :events), do: :event
defp metric_partitioner(_, :bounce_rate), do: :session
defp metric_partitioner(_, :visit_duration), do: :session
defp metric_partitioner(_, :views_per_visit), do: :session
# Metrics which used to only be queried from one table but can be calculated from either
defp metric_partitioner(%Query{experimental_reduced_joins?: true}, :visits), do: :either
defp metric_partitioner(%Query{experimental_reduced_joins?: true}, :visitors), do: :either
defp metric_partitioner(_, :visits), do: :session
defp metric_partitioner(_, :visitors), do: :event
# Calculated metrics - handled on callsite separately from other metrics.
defp metric_partitioner(_, :time_on_page), do: :other
defp metric_partitioner(_, :total_visitors), do: :other
defp metric_partitioner(_, :percentage), do: :other
# Sample percentage is included in both tables if queried.
defp metric_partitioner(_, :sample_percent), do: :sample_percent
defp metric_partitioner(%Query{experimental_reduced_joins?: false}, unknown) do
raise ArgumentError, "Metric #{unknown} not supported without experimental_reduced_joins?"
end
defp metric_partitioner(_, _), do: :either
defp filters_partitioner(_, {"event:" <> _, _}), do: :event
defp filters_partitioner(_, {"visit:entry_page", _}), do: :session
defp filters_partitioner(_, {"visit:entry_page_hostname", _}), do: :session
defp filters_partitioner(_, {"visit:exit_page", _}), do: :session
defp filters_partitioner(_, {"visit:exit_page_hostname", _}), do: :session
defp filters_partitioner(%Query{experimental_reduced_joins?: true}, {"visit:" <> _, _}),
do: :either
defp filters_partitioner(_, {"visit:" <> _, _}),
do: :session
defp filters_partitioner(%Query{experimental_reduced_joins?: false}, {unknown, _}) do
raise ArgumentError, "Filter #{unknown} not supported without experimental_reduced_joins?"
end
defp filters_partitioner(_, _), do: :either
@default %{event: [], session: [], either: [], other: [], sample_percent: []}
defp partition(values, query, partitioner) do
Enum.reduce(values, @default, fn value, acc ->
key = partitioner.(query, value)
Map.put(acc, key, Map.fetch!(acc, key) ++ [value])
end)
end
end

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@ -18,15 +18,11 @@ defmodule Plausible.Stats.Timeseries do
@typep value :: nil | integer() | float()
@type results :: nonempty_list(%{required(:date) => Date.t(), required(metric()) => value()})
@revenue_metrics on_full_build(do: Plausible.Stats.Goal.Revenue.revenue_metrics(), else: [])
@event_metrics [:visitors, :pageviews, :events, :conversion_rate] ++ @revenue_metrics
@session_metrics [:visits, :bounce_rate, :visit_duration, :views_per_visit]
def timeseries(site, query, metrics) do
steps = buckets(query)
event_metrics = Enum.filter(metrics, &(&1 in @event_metrics))
session_metrics = Enum.filter(metrics, &(&1 in @session_metrics))
{event_metrics, session_metrics, _} =
Plausible.Stats.TableDecider.partition_metrics(metrics, query)
{currency, event_metrics} =
on_full_build do

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@ -0,0 +1,164 @@
defmodule Plausible.Stats.TableDeciderTest do
use Plausible.DataCase, async: true
alias Plausible.Stats.Query
import Plausible.Stats.TableDecider
test "events_join_sessions? with experimental_reduced_joins disabled" do
assert not events_join_sessions?(make_query(false, %{}))
assert not events_join_sessions?(make_query(false, %{name: "pageview"}))
assert events_join_sessions?(make_query(false, %{source: "Google"}))
assert events_join_sessions?(make_query(false, %{entry_page: "/"}))
assert events_join_sessions?(make_query(false, %{exit_page: "/"}))
end
test "events_join_sessions? with experimental_reduced_joins enabled" do
assert not events_join_sessions?(make_query(true, %{}))
assert not events_join_sessions?(make_query(true, %{name: "pageview"}))
assert not events_join_sessions?(make_query(true, %{source: "Google"}))
assert events_join_sessions?(make_query(true, %{entry_page: "/"}))
assert events_join_sessions?(make_query(true, %{exit_page: "/"}))
end
describe "partition_metrics" do
test "with no metrics or filters" do
query = make_query(false, %{})
assert partition_metrics([], query) == {[], [], []}
end
test "session-only metrics accordingly" do
query = make_query(false, %{})
assert partition_metrics([:bounce_rate, :views_per_visit], query) ==
{[], [:bounce_rate, :views_per_visit], []}
end
test "event-only metrics accordingly" do
query = make_query(false, %{})
assert partition_metrics([:total_revenue, :visitors], query) ==
{[:total_revenue, :visitors], [], []}
end
test "filters from both, event-only metrics" do
query = make_query(false, %{name: "pageview", source: "Google"})
assert partition_metrics([:total_revenue], query) == {[:total_revenue], [], []}
end
test "filters from both, session-only metrics" do
query = make_query(false, %{name: "pageview", source: "Google"})
assert partition_metrics([:bounce_rate], query) == {[], [:bounce_rate], []}
end
test "session filters but no session metrics" do
query = make_query(false, %{source: "Google"})
assert partition_metrics([:total_revenue], query) == {[:total_revenue], [], []}
end
test "sample_percent is added to both types of metrics" do
query = make_query(false, %{})
assert partition_metrics([:total_revenue, :sample_percent], query) ==
{[:total_revenue, :sample_percent], [], []}
assert partition_metrics([:bounce_rate, :sample_percent], query) ==
{[], [:bounce_rate, :sample_percent], []}
assert partition_metrics([:total_revenue, :bounce_rate, :sample_percent], query) ==
{[:total_revenue, :sample_percent], [:bounce_rate, :sample_percent], []}
end
test "other metrics put in its own result" do
query = make_query(false, %{})
assert partition_metrics([:time_on_page, :percentage, :total_visitors], query) ==
{[], [], [:time_on_page, :percentage, :total_visitors]}
end
test "raises if unknown metric" do
query = make_query(false, %{})
assert_raise ArgumentError, fn ->
partition_metrics([:foobar], query)
end
end
end
describe "partition_metrics with experimental_reduced_joins enabled" do
test "metrics that can be calculated on either when event-only metrics" do
query = make_query(true, %{})
assert partition_metrics([:total_revenue, :visitors], query) ==
{[:total_revenue, :visitors], [], []}
assert partition_metrics([:pageviews, :visits], query) == {[:pageviews, :visits], [], []}
end
test "metrics that can be calculated on either when session-only metrics" do
query = make_query(true, %{})
assert partition_metrics([:bounce_rate, :visitors], query) ==
{[], [:bounce_rate, :visitors], []}
assert partition_metrics([:visit_duration, :visits], query) ==
{[], [:visit_duration, :visits], []}
end
test "metrics that can be calculated on either are biased to sessions" do
query = make_query(true, %{})
assert partition_metrics([:bounce_rate, :total_revenue, :visitors], query) ==
{[:total_revenue], [:bounce_rate, :visitors], []}
end
test "sample_percent is handled with either metrics" do
query = make_query(true, %{})
assert partition_metrics([:visitors, :sample_percent], query) ==
{[], [:visitors, :sample_percent], []}
end
test "metric can be calculated on either, but filtering on events" do
query = make_query(true, %{name: "pageview"})
assert partition_metrics([:visitors], query) == {[:visitors], [], []}
end
test "metric can be calculated on either, but filtering on events and sessions" do
query = make_query(true, %{name: "pageview", exit_page: "/"})
assert partition_metrics([:visitors], query) == {[], [:visitors], []}
end
test "metric can be calculated on either, filtering on either" do
query = make_query(true, %{source: "Google"})
assert partition_metrics([:visitors], query) == {[], [:visitors], []}
end
test "metric can be calculated on either, filtering on sessions" do
query = make_query(true, %{exit_page: "/"})
assert partition_metrics([:visitors], query) == {[], [:visitors], []}
end
test "breakdown value leans metric" do
query = make_query(true, %{})
assert partition_metrics([:visitors], query, "event:name") == {[:visitors], [], []}
assert partition_metrics([:visitors], query, "visit:source") == {[], [:visitors], []}
assert partition_metrics([:visitors], query, "visit:exit_page") == {[], [:visitors], []}
end
end
defp make_query(experimental_reduced_joins?, filters) do
Query.from(build(:site), %{
"experimental_reduced_joins" => to_string(experimental_reduced_joins?),
"filters" => Jason.encode!(filters)
})
end
end

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@ -1355,50 +1355,14 @@ defmodule PlausibleWeb.Api.ExternalStatsController.AggregateTest do
assert json_response(conn, 200)["results"] == %{"visitors" => %{"value" => 3}}
end
test "joins correctly with the sessions (CollapsingMergeTree) table", %{
test "handles filtering by visit country", %{
conn: conn,
site: site
} do
create_sessions([
%{
site_id: site.id,
session_id: 1000,
country_code: "EE",
sign: 1,
events: 1
},
%{
site_id: site.id,
session_id: 1000,
country_code: "EE",
sign: -1,
events: 1
},
%{
site_id: site.id,
session_id: 1000,
country_code: "EE",
sign: 1,
events: 2
}
])
create_events([
%{
site_id: site.id,
session_id: 1000,
name: "pageview"
},
%{
site_id: site.id,
session_id: 1000,
name: "pageview"
},
%{
site_id: site.id,
session_id: 1000,
name: "pageview"
}
populate_stats(site, [
build(:pageview, country_code: "EE"),
build(:pageview, country_code: "EE"),
build(:pageview, country_code: "EE")
])
conn =

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@ -90,31 +90,6 @@ defmodule Plausible.TestUtils do
Plausible.IngestRepo.insert_all(Plausible.ClickhouseEventV2, pageviews)
end
def create_events(events) do
events =
Enum.map(events, fn event ->
Factory.build(:event, event)
|> Map.from_struct()
|> Map.delete(:__meta__)
|> update_in([:timestamp], &to_naive_truncate/1)
end)
Plausible.IngestRepo.insert_all(Plausible.ClickhouseEventV2, events)
end
def create_sessions(sessions) do
sessions =
Enum.map(sessions, fn session ->
Factory.build(:ch_session, session)
|> Map.from_struct()
|> Map.delete(:__meta__)
|> update_in([:timestamp], &to_naive_truncate/1)
|> update_in([:start], &to_naive_truncate/1)
end)
Plausible.IngestRepo.insert_all(Plausible.ClickhouseSessionV2, sessions)
end
def log_in(%{user: user, conn: conn}) do
conn =
init_session(conn)

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@ -3,6 +3,14 @@ Mox.defmock(Plausible.HTTPClient.Mock, for: Plausible.HTTPClient.Interface)
Application.ensure_all_started(:double)
FunWithFlags.enable(:imports_exports)
FunWithFlags.enable(:shield_pages)
# Temporary flag to test `experimental_reduced_joins` flag on all tests.
if System.get_env("TEST_EXPERIMENTAL_REDUCED_JOINS") == "1" do
FunWithFlags.enable(:experimental_reduced_joins)
else
FunWithFlags.disable(:experimental_reduced_joins)
end
Ecto.Adapters.SQL.Sandbox.mode(Plausible.Repo, :manual)
if Mix.env() == :small_test do