@@ -0,0 +1,754 @@
1+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
2+--
3+-- Module : Language.PureScript.TypeChecker.Types
4+-- Copyright : (c) Phil Freeman 2013
5+-- License : MIT
6+--
7+-- Maintainer : Phil Freeman <paf31@cantab.net>
8+-- Stability : experimental
9+-- Portability :
10+--
11+-- |
12+--
13+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
14+
15+{-# OPTIONS_GHC -fno-warn-orphans #-}
16+{-# LANGUAGE DeriveDataTypeable, FlexibleContexts #-}
17+
18+module Language.PureScript.TypeChecker.Types (
19+ typesOf
20+) where
21+
22+import Data.List
23+import Data.Maybe (fromMaybe)
24+import Data.Either (lefts, rights)
25+import qualified Data.Data as D
26+import Data.Generics
27+ (mkT, something, everywhere, everywhereBut, mkQ)
28+
29+import Language.PureScript.Values
30+import Language.PureScript.Types
31+import Language.PureScript.Kinds
32+import Language.PureScript.Names
33+import Language.PureScript.TypeChecker.Monad
34+import Language.PureScript.TypeChecker.Kinds
35+import Language.PureScript.TypeChecker.Synonyms
36+import Language.PureScript.Pretty
37+import Language.PureScript.Unknown
38+
39+import Control.Monad.State
40+import Control.Monad.Error
41+import Control.Monad.Reader
42+
43+import Control.Applicative
44+import Control.Arrow (Arrow(..))
45+
46+import qualified Data.Map as M
47+
48+instance Unifiable Type where
49+ unknown = TUnknown
50+ isUnknown (TUnknown u) = Just u
51+ isUnknown _ = Nothing
52+ (~~) = unifyTypes
53+ apply s (TUnknown u) = runSubstitution s u
54+ apply s (SaturatedTypeSynonym name tys) = SaturatedTypeSynonym name $ map (apply s) tys
55+ apply s (ForAll idents ty) = ForAll idents $ apply s ty
56+ apply s (Array t) = Array (apply s t)
57+ apply s (Object r) = Object (apply s r)
58+ apply s (Function args ret) = Function (map (apply s) args) (apply s ret)
59+ apply s (TypeApp t1 t2) = TypeApp (apply s t1) (apply s t2)
60+ apply s (RCons name ty r) = RCons name (apply s ty) (apply s r)
61+ apply _ t = t
62+ unknowns (TUnknown (Unknown u)) = [u]
63+ unknowns (SaturatedTypeSynonym _ tys) = concatMap unknowns tys
64+ unknowns (ForAll _ ty) = unknowns ty
65+ unknowns (Array t) = unknowns t
66+ unknowns (Object r) = unknowns r
67+ unknowns (Function args ret) = concatMap unknowns args ++ unknowns ret
68+ unknowns (TypeApp t1 t2) = unknowns t1 ++ unknowns t2
69+ unknowns (RCons _ ty r) = unknowns ty ++ unknowns r
70+ unknowns _ = []
71+
72+unifyTypes :: Type -> Type -> Subst ()
73+unifyTypes t1 t2 = rethrow (\e -> "Error unifying type " ++ prettyPrintType t1 ++ " with type " ++ prettyPrintType t2 ++ ":\n" ++ e) $ do
74+ unifyTypes' t1 t2
75+ where
76+ unifyTypes' (TUnknown u1) (TUnknown u2) | u1 == u2 = return ()
77+ unifyTypes' (TUnknown u) t = replace u t
78+ unifyTypes' t (TUnknown u) = replace u t
79+ unifyTypes' (SaturatedTypeSynonym name args) ty = do
80+ ty1 <- expandTypeSynonym name args
81+ ty1 `unifyTypes` ty
82+ unifyTypes' ty s@(SaturatedTypeSynonym _ _) = s `unifyTypes` ty
83+ unifyTypes' (ForAll ident1 ty1) (ForAll ident2 ty2) = do
84+ sk <- skolemize ident1 ty1
85+ replaced <- replaceVarWithUnknown ident2 ty2
86+ sk `unifyTypes` replaced
87+ unifyTypes' (ForAll ident ty1) ty2 = do
88+ sk <- skolemize ident ty1
89+ sk `unifyTypes` ty2
90+ unifyTypes' ty f@(ForAll _ _) = f `unifyTypes` ty
91+ unifyTypes' Number Number = return ()
92+ unifyTypes' String String = return ()
93+ unifyTypes' Boolean Boolean = return ()
94+ unifyTypes' (Array s) (Array t) = s `unifyTypes` t
95+ unifyTypes' (Object row1) (Object row2) = row1 ~~ row2
96+ unifyTypes' (Function args1 ret1) (Function args2 ret2) = do
97+ guardWith "Function applied to incorrect number of args" $ length args1 == length args2
98+ zipWithM_ unifyTypes args1 args2
99+ ret1 `unifyTypes` ret2
100+ unifyTypes' (TypeVar v1) (TypeVar v2) | v1 == v2 = return ()
101+ unifyTypes' (TypeConstructor c1) (TypeConstructor c2) = do
102+ env <- getEnv
103+ moduleName <- substCurrentModule `fmap` ask
104+ guardWith ("Cannot unify " ++ show c1 ++ " with " ++ show c2 ++ ".") (typeConstructorsAreEqual env moduleName c1 c2)
105+ unifyTypes' (TypeApp t3 t4) (TypeApp t5 t6) = do
106+ t3 `unifyTypes` t5
107+ t4 `unifyTypes` t6
108+ unifyTypes' (Skolem s1) (Skolem s2) | s1 == s2 = return ()
109+ unifyTypes' r1@(RCons _ _ _) r2 = unifyRows r1 r2
110+ unifyTypes' r1 r2@(RCons _ _ _) = unifyRows r1 r2
111+ unifyTypes' r1@REmpty r2 = unifyRows r1 r2
112+ unifyTypes' r1 r2@REmpty = unifyRows r1 r2
113+ unifyTypes' t3 t4 = throwError $ "Cannot unify " ++ prettyPrintType t3 ++ " with " ++ prettyPrintType t4 ++ "."
114+
115+unifyRows :: Type -> Type -> Subst ()
116+unifyRows r1 r2 =
117+ let
118+ (s1, r1') = rowToList r1
119+ (s2, r2') = rowToList r2
120+ int = [ (t1, t2) | (name, t1) <- s1, (name', t2) <- s2, name == name' ]
121+ sd1 = [ (name, t1) | (name, t1) <- s1, name `notElem` map fst s2 ]
122+ sd2 = [ (name, t2) | (name, t2) <- s2, name `notElem` map fst s1 ]
123+ in do
124+ forM_ int (uncurry (~~))
125+ unifyRows' sd1 r1' sd2 r2'
126+ where
127+ unifyRows' :: [(String, Type)] -> Type -> [(String, Type)] -> Type -> Subst ()
128+ unifyRows' [] (TUnknown u) sd r = replace u (rowFromList (sd, r))
129+ unifyRows' sd r [] (TUnknown u) = replace u (rowFromList (sd, r))
130+ unifyRows' ((name, ty):row) r others u@(TUnknown un) = do
131+ occursCheck un ty
132+ forM row $ \(_, t) -> occursCheck un t
133+ u' <- fresh
134+ u ~~ RCons name ty u'
135+ unifyRows' row r others u'
136+ unifyRows' [] REmpty [] REmpty = return ()
137+ unifyRows' [] (TypeVar v1) [] (TypeVar v2) | v1 == v2 = return ()
138+ unifyRows' [] (Skolem s1) [] (Skolem s2) | s1 == s2 = return ()
139+ unifyRows' sd3 r3 sd4 r4 = throwError $ "Cannot unify " ++ prettyPrintRow (rowFromList (sd3, r3)) ++ " with " ++ prettyPrintRow (rowFromList (sd4, r4)) ++ "."
140+
141+typeConstructorsAreEqual :: Environment -> ModuleName -> Qualified ProperName -> Qualified ProperName -> Bool
142+typeConstructorsAreEqual env moduleName c1 c2 =
143+ let
144+ c1' = qualify moduleName c1
145+ c2' = qualify moduleName c2
146+ in
147+ canonicalize env c1' == canonicalize env c2'
148+ where
149+ canonicalize :: Environment -> (ModuleName, ProperName) -> (ModuleName, ProperName)
150+ canonicalize _ key = case key `M.lookup` types env of
151+ Just (_, DataAlias mn' pn') -> (mn', pn')
152+ _ -> key
153+
154+typesOf :: ModuleName -> [(Ident, Value)] -> Check [Type]
155+typesOf moduleName vals = do
156+ (tys, sub, checks) <- runSubst (SubstContext moduleName) $ do
157+ let es = map isTyped vals
158+ typed = lefts es
159+ untyped = rights es
160+ typedDict = map (\(ident, ty, _) -> (ident, ty)) typed
161+ untypedNames <- replicateM (length untyped) fresh
162+ let untypedDict = zip (map fst untyped) untypedNames
163+ dict = M.fromList (map (\(ident, ty) -> ((moduleName, ident), (ty, LocalVariable))) $ typedDict ++ untypedDict)
164+ tys <- forM es $ \e -> case e of
165+ Left (_, ty, val) -> do
166+ kind <- liftCheck $ kindOf moduleName ty
167+ guardWith ("Expected type of kind *, was " ++ prettyPrintKind kind) $ kind == Star
168+ ty' <- replaceAllTypeSynonyms ty
169+ bindNames dict $ check val ty'
170+ return ty'
171+ Right (ident, val) -> do
172+ ty <- bindNames dict $ infer val
173+ ty ~~ fromMaybe (error "name not found in dictionary") (lookup ident untypedDict)
174+ return ty
175+ return tys
176+ forM tys $ flip (escapeCheck checks) sub
177+ forM tys $ skolemEscapeCheck
178+ return $ map (varIfUnknown . desaturateAllTypeSynonyms . setifyAll) tys
179+
180+isTyped :: (Ident, Value) -> Either (Ident, Type, Value) (Ident, Value)
181+isTyped (name, TypedValue value ty) = Left (name, ty, value)
182+isTyped (name, value) = Right (name, value)
183+
184+escapeCheck :: [AnyUnifiable] -> Type -> Substitution -> Check ()
185+escapeCheck checks ty sub =
186+ let
187+ visibleUnknowns = nub $ unknowns ty
188+ in
189+ forM_ checks $ \c -> case c of
190+ AnyUnifiable t -> do
191+ let unsolvedUnknowns = nub . unknowns $ apply sub t
192+ guardWith "Escape check fails" $ null $ unsolvedUnknowns \\ visibleUnknowns
193+
194+skolemEscapeCheck :: Type -> Check ()
195+skolemEscapeCheck ty =
196+ case something (mkQ Nothing findSkolems) ty of
197+ Nothing -> return ()
198+ Just _ -> throwError "Skolem variables cannot escape. Consider adding a type signature."
199+ where
200+ findSkolems (Skolem _) = return ()
201+ findSkolems _ = mzero
202+
203+setify :: Type -> Type
204+setify = rowFromList . first (M.toList . M.fromList) . rowToList
205+
206+setifyAll :: (D.Data d) => d -> d
207+setifyAll = everywhere (mkT setify)
208+
209+varIfUnknown :: Type -> Type
210+varIfUnknown ty =
211+ let unks = nub $ unknowns ty
212+ toName = (:) 't' . show
213+ ty' = everywhere (mkT typeToVar) $ ty
214+ typeToVar :: Type -> Type
215+ typeToVar (TUnknown (Unknown u)) = TypeVar (toName u)
216+ typeToVar t = t
217+ in mkForAll (sort . map toName $ unks) ty'
218+
219+replaceAllTypeVars :: (D.Data d) => [(String, Type)] -> d -> d
220+replaceAllTypeVars = foldl' (\f (name, ty) -> replaceTypeVars name ty . f) id
221+
222+replaceTypeVars :: (D.Data d) => String -> Type -> d -> d
223+replaceTypeVars name t = everywhereBut (mkQ False isShadowed) (mkT replaceTypeVar)
224+ where
225+ replaceTypeVar (TypeVar v) | v == name = t
226+ replaceTypeVar other = other
227+ isShadowed (ForAll v _) | v == name = True
228+ isShadowed _ = False
229+
230+replaceAllVarsWithUnknowns :: Type -> Subst Type
231+replaceAllVarsWithUnknowns (ForAll ident ty) = replaceVarWithUnknown ident ty >>= replaceAllVarsWithUnknowns
232+replaceAllVarsWithUnknowns ty = return ty
233+
234+replaceVarWithUnknown :: String -> Type -> Subst Type
235+replaceVarWithUnknown ident ty = do
236+ tu <- fresh
237+ return $ replaceTypeVars ident tu $ ty
238+
239+replaceAllTypeSynonyms :: (Functor m, MonadState CheckState m, MonadReader SubstContext m, MonadError String m) => (D.Data d) => d -> m d
240+replaceAllTypeSynonyms d = do
241+ env <- getEnv
242+ moduleName <- substCurrentModule <$> ask
243+ let syns = map (\((path, name), (args, _)) -> (Qualified (Just path) name, length args)) . M.toList $ typeSynonyms env
244+ either throwError return $ saturateAllTypeSynonyms moduleName syns d
245+
246+desaturateAllTypeSynonyms :: (D.Data d) => d -> d
247+desaturateAllTypeSynonyms = everywhere (mkT replaceSaturatedTypeSynonym)
248+ where
249+ replaceSaturatedTypeSynonym (SaturatedTypeSynonym name args) = foldl TypeApp (TypeConstructor name) args
250+ replaceSaturatedTypeSynonym t = t
251+
252+expandTypeSynonym :: Qualified ProperName -> [Type] -> Subst Type
253+expandTypeSynonym name args = do
254+ env <- getEnv
255+ moduleName <- substCurrentModule `fmap` ask
256+ case M.lookup (qualify moduleName name) (typeSynonyms env) of
257+ Just (synArgs, body) -> return $ replaceAllTypeVars (zip synArgs args) body
258+ Nothing -> error "Type synonym was not defined"
259+
260+ensureNoDuplicateProperties :: (MonadError String m) => [(String, Value)] -> m ()
261+ensureNoDuplicateProperties ps = guardWith "Duplicate property names" $ length (nub . map fst $ ps) == length ps
262+
263+infer :: Value -> Subst Type
264+infer val = rethrow (\e -> "Error inferring type of term " ++ prettyPrintValue val ++ ":\n" ++ e) $ do
265+ ty <- infer' val
266+ escapeCheckLater ty
267+ return ty
268+
269+infer' :: Value -> Subst Type
270+infer' (NumericLiteral _) = return Number
271+infer' (StringLiteral _) = return String
272+infer' (BooleanLiteral _) = return Boolean
273+infer' (ArrayLiteral vals) = do
274+ ts <- mapM (infer) vals
275+ els <- fresh
276+ forM_ ts $ \t -> els ~~ Array t
277+ return els
278+infer' (Unary op val) = do
279+ t <- infer val
280+ inferUnary op t
281+infer' (Binary op left right) = do
282+ t1 <- infer left
283+ t2 <- infer right
284+ inferBinary op t1 t2
285+infer' (ObjectLiteral ps) = do
286+ ensureNoDuplicateProperties ps
287+ ts <- mapM (infer . snd) ps
288+ let fields = zipWith (\(name, _) t -> (name, t)) ps ts
289+ return $ Object $ rowFromList (fields, REmpty)
290+infer' (ObjectUpdate o ps) = do
291+ ensureNoDuplicateProperties ps
292+ row <- fresh
293+ newTys <- zipWith (\(name, _) t -> (name, t)) ps <$> mapM (infer . snd) ps
294+ oldTys <- zip (map fst ps) <$> replicateM (length ps) fresh
295+ check o $ Object $ rowFromList (oldTys, row)
296+ return $ Object $ rowFromList (newTys, row)
297+infer' (Indexer index val) = do
298+ el <- fresh
299+ check index Number
300+ check val (Array el)
301+ return el
302+infer' (Accessor prop val) = do
303+ obj <- infer val
304+ propTy <- inferProperty obj prop
305+ case propTy of
306+ Nothing -> do
307+ field <- fresh
308+ rest <- fresh
309+ obj `subsumes` Object (RCons prop field rest)
310+ return field
311+ Just ty -> return ty
312+infer' (Abs args ret) = do
313+ ts <- replicateM (length args) fresh
314+ moduleName <- substCurrentModule <$> ask
315+ bindLocalVariables moduleName (zip args ts) $ do
316+ body <- infer' ret
317+ return $ Function ts body
318+infer' app@(App _ _) = do
319+ let (f, argss) = unfoldApplication app
320+ ft <- infer f
321+ ret <- fresh
322+ checkFunctionApplications ft argss ret
323+ return ret
324+infer' (Var var) = do
325+ moduleName <- substCurrentModule <$> ask
326+ ty <- lookupVariable moduleName var
327+ replaceAllTypeSynonyms ty
328+infer' (Block ss) = do
329+ ret <- fresh
330+ (allCodePathsReturn, _) <- checkBlock M.empty ret ss
331+ guardWith "Block is missing a return statement" allCodePathsReturn
332+ return ret
333+infer' (Constructor c) = do
334+ env <- getEnv
335+ moduleName <- substCurrentModule `fmap` ask
336+ case M.lookup (qualify moduleName c) (dataConstructors env) of
337+ Nothing -> throwError $ "Constructor " ++ show c ++ " is undefined"
338+ Just (ty, _) -> replaceAllTypeSynonyms ty
339+infer' (Case vals binders) = do
340+ ts <- mapM infer vals
341+ ret <- fresh
342+ checkBinders ts ret binders
343+ return ret
344+infer' (IfThenElse cond th el) = do
345+ check cond Boolean
346+ t2 <- infer th
347+ t3 <- infer el
348+ t2 ~~ t3
349+ return t2
350+infer' (TypedValue val ty) = do
351+ moduleName <- substCurrentModule <$> ask
352+ kind <- liftCheck $ kindOf moduleName ty
353+ guardWith ("Expected type of kind *, was " ++ prettyPrintKind kind) $ kind == Star
354+ ty' <- replaceAllTypeSynonyms ty
355+ check val ty'
356+ return ty'
357+infer' _ = error "Invalid argument to infer"
358+
359+inferProperty :: Type -> String -> Subst (Maybe Type)
360+inferProperty (Object row) prop = do
361+ let (props, _) = rowToList row
362+ return $ lookup prop props
363+inferProperty (SaturatedTypeSynonym name args) prop = do
364+ replaced <- expandTypeSynonym name args
365+ inferProperty replaced prop
366+inferProperty (ForAll ident ty) prop = do
367+ replaced <- replaceVarWithUnknown ident ty
368+ inferProperty replaced prop
369+inferProperty _ _ = return Nothing
370+
371+inferUnary :: UnaryOperator -> Type -> Subst Type
372+inferUnary op val =
373+ case fromMaybe (error "Invalid operator") $ lookup op unaryOps of
374+ (valTy, resTy) -> do
375+ val ~~ valTy
376+ return resTy
377+
378+checkUnary :: UnaryOperator -> Value -> Type -> Subst ()
379+checkUnary op val res =
380+ case fromMaybe (error "Invalid operator") $ lookup op unaryOps of
381+ (valTy, resTy) -> do
382+ res ~~ resTy
383+ check val valTy
384+
385+unaryOps :: [(UnaryOperator, (Type, Type))]
386+unaryOps = [ (Negate, (Number, Number))
387+ , (Not, (Boolean, Boolean))
388+ , (BitwiseNot, (Number, Number))
389+ ]
390+
391+inferBinary :: BinaryOperator -> Type -> Type -> Subst Type
392+inferBinary op left right | isEqualityTest op = do
393+ left ~~ right
394+ return Boolean
395+inferBinary op left right =
396+ case fromMaybe (error "Invalid operator") $ lookup op binaryOps of
397+ (valTy, resTy) -> do
398+ left ~~ valTy
399+ right ~~ valTy
400+ return resTy
401+
402+checkBinary :: BinaryOperator -> Value -> Value -> Type -> Subst ()
403+checkBinary op left right res | isEqualityTest op = do
404+ res ~~ Boolean
405+ t1 <- infer left
406+ t2 <- infer right
407+ t1 ~~ t2
408+checkBinary op left right res =
409+ case fromMaybe (error "Invalid operator") $ lookup op binaryOps of
410+ (valTy, resTy) -> do
411+ res ~~ resTy
412+ check left valTy
413+ check right valTy
414+
415+isEqualityTest :: BinaryOperator -> Bool
416+isEqualityTest EqualTo = True
417+isEqualityTest NotEqualTo = True
418+isEqualityTest _ = False
419+
420+binaryOps :: [(BinaryOperator, (Type, Type))]
421+binaryOps = [ (Add, (Number, Number))
422+ , (Subtract, (Number, Number))
423+ , (Multiply, (Number, Number))
424+ , (Divide, (Number, Number))
425+ , (Modulus, (Number, Number))
426+ , (BitwiseAnd, (Number, Number))
427+ , (BitwiseOr, (Number, Number))
428+ , (BitwiseXor, (Number, Number))
429+ , (ShiftRight, (Number, Number))
430+ , (ZeroFillShiftRight, (Number, Number))
431+ , (And, (Boolean, Boolean))
432+ , (Or, (Boolean, Boolean))
433+ , (Concat, (String, String))
434+ , (Modulus, (Number, Number))
435+ , (LessThan, (Number, Boolean))
436+ , (LessThanOrEqualTo, (Number, Boolean))
437+ , (GreaterThan, (Number, Boolean))
438+ , (GreaterThanOrEqualTo, (Number, Boolean))
439+ ]
440+
441+inferBinder :: Type -> Binder -> Subst (M.Map Ident Type)
442+inferBinder _ NullBinder = return M.empty
443+inferBinder val (StringBinder _) = val ~~ String >> return M.empty
444+inferBinder val (NumberBinder _) = val ~~ Number >> return M.empty
445+inferBinder val (BooleanBinder _) = val ~~ Boolean >> return M.empty
446+inferBinder val (VarBinder name) = return $ M.singleton name val
447+inferBinder val (NullaryBinder ctor) = do
448+ env <- getEnv
449+ moduleName <- substCurrentModule <$> ask
450+ case M.lookup (qualify moduleName ctor) (dataConstructors env) of
451+ Just (ty, _) -> do
452+ ty `subsumes` val
453+ return M.empty
454+ _ -> throwError $ "Constructor " ++ show ctor ++ " is not defined"
455+inferBinder val (UnaryBinder ctor binder) = do
456+ env <- getEnv
457+ moduleName <- substCurrentModule <$> ask
458+ case M.lookup (qualify moduleName ctor) (dataConstructors env) of
459+ Just (ty, _) -> do
460+ fn <- replaceAllVarsWithUnknowns ty
461+ case fn of
462+ Function [obj] ret -> do
463+ val `subsumes` ret
464+ inferBinder obj binder
465+ _ -> throwError $ "Constructor " ++ show ctor ++ " is not a unary constructor"
466+ _ -> throwError $ "Constructor " ++ show ctor ++ " is not defined"
467+inferBinder val (ObjectBinder props) = do
468+ row <- fresh
469+ rest <- fresh
470+ m1 <- inferRowProperties row rest props
471+ val ~~ Object row
472+ return m1
473+ where
474+ inferRowProperties :: Type -> Type -> [(String, Binder)] -> Subst (M.Map Ident Type)
475+ inferRowProperties nrow row [] = nrow ~~ row >> return M.empty
476+ inferRowProperties nrow row ((name, binder):binders) = do
477+ propTy <- fresh
478+ m1 <- inferBinder propTy binder
479+ m2 <- inferRowProperties nrow (RCons name propTy row) binders
480+ return $ m1 `M.union` m2
481+inferBinder val (ArrayBinder binders) = do
482+ el <- fresh
483+ m1 <- M.unions <$> mapM (inferBinder el) binders
484+ val ~~ Array el
485+ return m1
486+inferBinder val (ConsBinder headBinder tailBinder) = do
487+ el <- fresh
488+ m1 <- inferBinder el headBinder
489+ m2 <- inferBinder val tailBinder
490+ val ~~ Array el
491+ return $ m1 `M.union` m2
492+inferBinder val (NamedBinder name binder) = do
493+ m <- inferBinder val binder
494+ return $ M.insert name val m
495+
496+checkBinders :: [Type] -> Type -> [([Binder], Maybe Guard, Value)] -> Subst ()
497+checkBinders _ _ [] = return ()
498+checkBinders nvals ret ((binders, grd, val):bs) = do
499+ moduleName <- substCurrentModule <$> ask
500+ m1 <- M.unions <$> zipWithM inferBinder nvals binders
501+ bindLocalVariables moduleName (M.toList m1) $ do
502+ check val ret
503+ case grd of
504+ Nothing -> return ()
505+ Just g -> check g Boolean
506+ checkBinders nvals ret bs
507+
508+assignVariable :: Ident -> Subst ()
509+assignVariable name = do
510+ env <- checkEnv <$> get
511+ moduleName <- substCurrentModule <$> ask
512+ case M.lookup (moduleName, name) (names env) of
513+ Just (_, LocalVariable) -> throwError $ "Variable with name " ++ show name ++ " already exists."
514+ _ -> return ()
515+
516+checkStatement :: M.Map Ident Type -> Type -> Statement -> Subst (Bool, M.Map Ident Type)
517+checkStatement mass _ (VariableIntroduction name val) = do
518+ assignVariable name
519+ t <- infer val
520+ return (False, M.insert name t mass)
521+checkStatement mass _ (Assignment ident val) = do
522+ t <- infer val
523+ case M.lookup ident mass of
524+ Nothing -> throwError $ "No local variable with name " ++ show ident
525+ Just ty -> do t ~~ ty
526+ return (False, mass)
527+checkStatement mass ret (While val inner) = do
528+ check val Boolean
529+ (allCodePathsReturn, _) <- checkBlock mass ret inner
530+ return (allCodePathsReturn, mass)
531+checkStatement mass ret (If ifst) = do
532+ allCodePathsReturn <- checkIfStatement mass ret ifst
533+ return (allCodePathsReturn, mass)
534+checkStatement mass ret (For ident start end inner) = do
535+ moduleName <- substCurrentModule <$> ask
536+ assignVariable ident
537+ check start Number
538+ check end Number
539+ (allCodePathsReturn, _) <- bindLocalVariables moduleName [(ident, Number)] $ checkBlock mass ret inner
540+ return (allCodePathsReturn, mass)
541+checkStatement mass ret (Return val) = do
542+ check val ret
543+ return (True, mass)
544+
545+checkIfStatement :: M.Map Ident Type -> Type -> IfStatement -> Subst Bool
546+checkIfStatement mass ret (IfStatement val thens Nothing) = do
547+ check val Boolean
548+ _ <- checkBlock mass ret thens
549+ return False
550+checkIfStatement mass ret (IfStatement val thens (Just elses)) = do
551+ check val Boolean
552+ (allCodePathsReturn1, _) <- checkBlock mass ret thens
553+ allCodePathsReturn2 <- checkElseStatement mass ret elses
554+ return $ allCodePathsReturn1 && allCodePathsReturn2
555+
556+checkElseStatement :: M.Map Ident Type -> Type -> ElseStatement -> Subst Bool
557+checkElseStatement mass ret (Else elses) = fst <$> checkBlock mass ret elses
558+checkElseStatement mass ret (ElseIf ifst) = checkIfStatement mass ret ifst
559+
560+checkBlock :: M.Map Ident Type -> Type -> [Statement] -> Subst (Bool, M.Map Ident Type)
561+checkBlock mass _ [] = return (False, mass)
562+checkBlock mass ret (s:ss) = do
563+ moduleName <- substCurrentModule <$> ask
564+ (b1, mass1) <- checkStatement mass ret s
565+ bindLocalVariables moduleName (M.toList mass1) $ case (b1, ss) of
566+ (True, []) -> return (True, mass1)
567+ (True, _) -> throwError "Unreachable code"
568+ (False, ss') -> checkBlock mass1 ret ss'
569+
570+skolemize :: String -> Type -> Subst Type
571+skolemize ident ty = do
572+ tsk <- Skolem <$> fresh'
573+ return $ replaceTypeVars ident tsk ty
574+
575+check :: Value -> Type -> Subst ()
576+check val ty = rethrow errorMessage $ check' val ty
577+ where
578+ errorMessage msg =
579+ "Error checking type of term " ++
580+ prettyPrintValue val ++
581+ " against type " ++
582+ prettyPrintType ty ++
583+ ":\n" ++
584+ msg
585+
586+check' :: Value -> Type -> Subst ()
587+check' val (ForAll idents ty) = do
588+ sk <- skolemize idents ty
589+ check val sk
590+check' val u@(TUnknown _) = do
591+ ty <- infer val
592+ -- Don't unify an unknown with an inferred polytype
593+ ty' <- replaceAllVarsWithUnknowns ty
594+ ty' ~~ u
595+check' (NumericLiteral _) Number = return ()
596+check' (StringLiteral _) String = return ()
597+check' (BooleanLiteral _) Boolean = return ()
598+check' (Unary op val) ty = checkUnary op val ty
599+check' (Binary op left right) ty = checkBinary op left right ty
600+check' (ArrayLiteral vals) (Array ty) = forM_ vals (\val -> check val ty)
601+check' (Indexer index vals) ty = check index Number >> check vals (Array ty)
602+check' (Abs args ret) (Function argTys retTy) = do
603+ moduleName <- substCurrentModule <$> ask
604+ guardWith "Incorrect number of function arguments" (length args == length argTys)
605+ bindLocalVariables moduleName (zip args argTys) $ check ret retTy
606+check' app@(App _ _) ret = do
607+ let (f, argss) = unfoldApplication app
608+ ft <- infer f
609+ checkFunctionApplications ft argss ret
610+check' (Var var) ty = do
611+ moduleName <- substCurrentModule <$> ask
612+ ty1 <- lookupVariable moduleName var
613+ repl <- replaceAllTypeSynonyms ty1
614+ repl `subsumes` ty
615+check' (TypedValue val ty1) ty2 = do
616+ moduleName <- substCurrentModule <$> ask
617+ kind <- liftCheck $ kindOf moduleName ty1
618+ guardWith ("Expected type of kind *, was " ++ prettyPrintKind kind) $ kind == Star
619+ ty1 `subsumes` ty2
620+ check val ty1
621+check' (Case vals binders) ret = do
622+ ts <- mapM infer vals
623+ checkBinders ts ret binders
624+check' (IfThenElse cond th el) ty = do
625+ check cond Boolean
626+ check th ty
627+ check el ty
628+check' (ObjectLiteral ps) (Object row) = do
629+ ensureNoDuplicateProperties ps
630+ checkProperties ps row False
631+check' (ObjectUpdate obj ps) (Object row) = do
632+ ensureNoDuplicateProperties ps
633+ us <- zip (map fst ps) <$> replicateM (length ps) fresh
634+ let (propsToCheck, rest) = rowToList row
635+ propsToRemove = map fst ps
636+ remainingProps = filter (\(p, _) -> p `notElem` propsToRemove) propsToCheck
637+ check obj (Object (rowFromList (us ++ remainingProps, rest)))
638+ checkProperties ps row True
639+check' (Accessor prop val) ty = do
640+ rest <- fresh
641+ check val (Object (RCons prop ty rest))
642+check' (Block ss) ret = do
643+ (allCodePathsReturn, _) <- checkBlock M.empty ret ss
644+ guardWith "Block is missing a return statement" allCodePathsReturn
645+check' (Constructor c) ty = do
646+ env <- getEnv
647+ moduleName <- substCurrentModule <$> ask
648+ case M.lookup (qualify moduleName c) (dataConstructors env) of
649+ Nothing -> throwError $ "Constructor " ++ show c ++ " is undefined"
650+ Just (ty1, _) -> do
651+ repl <- replaceAllTypeSynonyms ty1
652+ repl `subsumes` ty
653+check' val (SaturatedTypeSynonym name args) = do
654+ ty <- expandTypeSynonym name args
655+ check val ty
656+check' val ty = throwError $ prettyPrintValue val ++ " does not have type " ++ prettyPrintType ty
657+
658+checkProperties :: [(String, Value)] -> Type -> Bool -> Subst ()
659+checkProperties ps row lax = let (ts, r') = rowToList row in go ps ts r' where
660+ go [] [] REmpty = return ()
661+ go [] [] u@(TUnknown _) = u ~~ REmpty
662+ go [] [] (Skolem _) | lax = return ()
663+ go [] ((p, _): _) _ | lax = return ()
664+ | otherwise = throwError $ prettyPrintValue (ObjectLiteral ps) ++ " does not have property " ++ p
665+ go ((p,_):_) [] REmpty = throwError $ "Property " ++ p ++ " is not present in closed object type " ++ prettyPrintRow row
666+ go ((p,v):ps') [] u@(TUnknown _) = do
667+ ty <- infer v
668+ rest <- fresh
669+ u ~~ RCons p ty rest
670+ go ps' [] rest
671+ go ((p,v):ps') ts r =
672+ case lookup p ts of
673+ Nothing -> do
674+ ty <- infer v
675+ rest <- fresh
676+ r ~~ RCons p ty rest
677+ go ps' ts rest
678+ Just ty -> do
679+ check v ty
680+ go ps' (delete (p, ty) ts) r
681+ go _ _ _ = throwError $ prettyPrintValue (ObjectLiteral ps) ++ " does not have type " ++ prettyPrintType (Object row)
682+
683+unfoldApplication :: Value -> (Value, [[Value]])
684+unfoldApplication = go []
685+ where
686+ go argss (App f args) = go (args:argss) f
687+ go argss f = (f, argss)
688+
689+checkFunctionApplications :: Type -> [[Value]] -> Type -> Subst ()
690+checkFunctionApplications _ [] _ = error "Nullary function application"
691+checkFunctionApplications fnTy [args] ret = checkFunctionApplication fnTy args ret
692+checkFunctionApplications fnTy (args:argss) ret = do
693+ argTys <- mapM (infer) args
694+ f <- inferFunctionApplication fnTy argTys
695+ checkFunctionApplications f argss ret
696+
697+checkFunctionApplication :: Type -> [Value] -> Type -> Subst ()
698+checkFunctionApplication fnTy args ret = rethrow errorMessage $ checkFunctionApplication' fnTy args ret
699+ where
700+ errorMessage msg = "Error applying function of type "
701+ ++ prettyPrintType fnTy
702+ ++ " to arguments " ++ intercalate ", " (map prettyPrintValue args)
703+ ++ ", expecting value of type "
704+ ++ prettyPrintType ret ++ ":\n" ++ msg
705+
706+inferFunctionApplication :: Type -> [Type] -> Subst Type
707+inferFunctionApplication (Function argTys retTy) args = do
708+ guardWith "Incorrect number of function arguments" (length args == length argTys)
709+ zipWithM subsumes args argTys
710+ return retTy
711+inferFunctionApplication (ForAll ident ty) args = do
712+ replaced <- replaceVarWithUnknown ident ty
713+ inferFunctionApplication replaced args
714+inferFunctionApplication u@(TUnknown _) args = do
715+
716+ ret <- fresh
717+ args' <- mapM replaceAllVarsWithUnknowns args
718+ u ~~ Function args' ret
719+ return ret
720+inferFunctionApplication (SaturatedTypeSynonym name tyArgs) args = do
721+ ty <- expandTypeSynonym name tyArgs
722+ inferFunctionApplication ty args
723+inferFunctionApplication fnTy args = throwError $ "Cannot apply function of type "
724+ ++ prettyPrintType fnTy
725+ ++ " to argument(s) of type(s) " ++ intercalate ", " (map prettyPrintType args)
726+
727+checkFunctionApplication' :: Type -> [Value] -> Type -> Subst ()
728+checkFunctionApplication' (Function argTys retTy) args ret = do
729+ guardWith "Incorrect number of function arguments" (length args == length argTys)
730+ zipWithM (check) args argTys
731+ retTy `subsumes` ret
732+checkFunctionApplication' (ForAll ident ty) args ret = do
733+ replaced <- replaceVarWithUnknown ident ty
734+ checkFunctionApplication replaced args ret
735+checkFunctionApplication' u@(TUnknown _) args ret = do
736+ tyArgs <- mapM (\arg -> infer arg >>= replaceAllVarsWithUnknowns) args
737+ u ~~ Function tyArgs ret
738+checkFunctionApplication' (SaturatedTypeSynonym name tyArgs) args ret = do
739+ ty <- expandTypeSynonym name tyArgs
740+ checkFunctionApplication' ty args ret
741+checkFunctionApplication' fnTy args ret = throwError $ "Applying a function of type "
742+ ++ prettyPrintType fnTy
743+ ++ " to argument(s) " ++ intercalate ", " (map prettyPrintValue args)
744+ ++ " does not yield a value of type " ++ prettyPrintType ret ++ "."
745+
746+subsumes :: Type -> Type -> Subst ()
747+subsumes (ForAll ident ty1) ty2 = do
748+ replaced <- replaceVarWithUnknown ident ty1
749+ replaced `subsumes` ty2
750+subsumes (Function args1 ret1) (Function args2 ret2) = do
751+ zipWithM subsumes args2 args1
752+ ret1 `subsumes` ret2
753+subsumes ty1 ty2 = ty1 ~~ ty2
754+