@@ -0,0 +1,807 @@
1+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
3+-- Module : Language.PureScript.TypeChecker.Types
4+-- Copyright : (c) Phil Freeman 2013
7+-- Maintainer : Phil Freeman <paf31@cantab.net>
8+-- Stability : experimental
13+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
15+{-# OPTIONS_GHC -fno-warn-orphans #-}
16+{-# LANGUAGE DeriveDataTypeable, FlexibleContexts #-}
18+module Language.PureScript.TypeChecker.Types (
23+import Data.Maybe (maybeToList, isNothing, isJust, fromMaybe)
24+import qualified Data.Data as D
26+ (mkM, everywhereM, everything, mkT, something, everywhere, mkQ)
28+import Language.PureScript.Values
29+import Language.PureScript.Types
30+import Language.PureScript.Kinds
31+import Language.PureScript.Names
32+import Language.PureScript.TypeChecker.Monad
33+import Language.PureScript.TypeChecker.Kinds
34+import Language.PureScript.TypeChecker.Synonyms
35+import Language.PureScript.Pretty
36+import Language.PureScript.Unknown
38+import Control.Monad.State
39+import Control.Monad.Error
40+import Control.Monad.Reader
42+import Control.Applicative
43+import Control.Arrow (Arrow(..))
45+import qualified Data.Map as M
46+import Data.Function (on)
48+instance Unifiable Type where
50+ isUnknown (TUnknown u) = Just u
51+ isUnknown _ = Nothing
53+ apply s (TUnknown u) = runSubstitution s u
54+ apply s (SaturatedTypeSynonym name tys) = SaturatedTypeSynonym name $ map (apply s) tys
55+ apply s (ForAll idents ty) = ForAll idents $ apply s ty
56+ apply s (Array t) = Array (apply s t)
57+ apply s (Object r) = Object (apply s r)
58+ apply s (Function args ret) = Function (map (apply s) args) (apply s ret)
59+ apply s (TypeApp t1 t2) = TypeApp (apply s t1) (apply s t2)
60+ apply s (RCons name ty r) = RCons name (apply s ty) (apply s r)
62+ unknowns (TUnknown (Unknown u)) = [u]
63+ unknowns (SaturatedTypeSynonym _ tys) = concatMap unknowns tys
64+ unknowns (ForAll _ ty) = unknowns ty
65+ unknowns (Array t) = unknowns t
66+ unknowns (Object r) = unknowns r
67+ unknowns (Function args ret) = concatMap unknowns args ++ unknowns ret
68+ unknowns (TypeApp t1 t2) = unknowns t1 ++ unknowns t2
69+ unknowns (RCons _ ty r) = unknowns ty ++ unknowns r
72+unifyTypes :: Type -> Type -> Subst ()
73+unifyTypes t1 t2 = rethrow (\e -> "Error unifying type " ++ prettyPrintType t1 ++ " with type " ++ prettyPrintType t2 ++ ":\n" ++ e) $ do
76+ unifyTypes' (TUnknown u1) (TUnknown u2) | u1 == u2 = return ()
77+ unifyTypes' (TUnknown u) t = replace u t
78+ unifyTypes' t (TUnknown u) = replace u t
79+ unifyTypes' (SaturatedTypeSynonym name args) ty = do
80+ ty1 <- expandTypeSynonym name args
82+ unifyTypes' ty s@(SaturatedTypeSynonym _ _) = s `unifyTypes` ty
83+ unifyTypes' (ForAll ident1 ty1) (ForAll ident2 ty2) = do
84+ sk <- skolemize ident1 ty1
85+ replaced <- replaceVarWithUnknown ident2 ty2
86+ sk `unifyTypes` replaced
87+ unifyTypes' (ForAll ident ty1) ty2 = do
88+ sk <- skolemize ident ty1
90+ unifyTypes' ty f@(ForAll _ _) = f `unifyTypes` ty
91+ unifyTypes' Number Number = return ()
92+ unifyTypes' String String = return ()
93+ unifyTypes' Boolean Boolean = return ()
94+ unifyTypes' (Array s) (Array t) = s `unifyTypes` t
95+ unifyTypes' (Object row1) (Object row2) = row1 ~~ row2
96+ unifyTypes' (Function args1 ret1) (Function args2 ret2) = do
97+ guardWith "Function applied to incorrect number of args" $ length args1 == length args2
98+ zipWithM_ unifyTypes args1 args2
99+ ret1 `unifyTypes` ret2
100+ unifyTypes' (TypeVar v1) (TypeVar v2) | v1 == v2 = return ()
101+ unifyTypes' (TypeConstructor c1) (TypeConstructor c2) = do
103+ moduleName <- substCurrentModule `fmap` ask
104+ guardWith ("Cannot unify " ++ show c1 ++ " with " ++ show c2 ++ ".") (typeConstructorsAreEqual env moduleName c1 c2)
105+ unifyTypes' (TypeApp t3 t4) (TypeApp t5 t6) = do
108+ unifyTypes' (Skolem s1) (Skolem s2) | s1 == s2 = return ()
109+ unifyTypes' r1@(RCons _ _ _) r2 = unifyRows r1 r2
110+ unifyTypes' r1 r2@(RCons _ _ _) = unifyRows r1 r2
111+ unifyTypes' r1@REmpty r2 = unifyRows r1 r2
112+ unifyTypes' r1 r2@REmpty = unifyRows r1 r2
113+ unifyTypes' t3 t4 = throwError $ "Cannot unify " ++ prettyPrintType t3 ++ " with " ++ prettyPrintType t4 ++ "."
115+unifyRows :: Type -> Type -> Subst ()
118+ (s1, r1') = rowToList r1
119+ (s2, r2') = rowToList r2
120+ int = [ (t1, t2) | (name, t1) <- s1, (name', t2) <- s2, name == name' ]
121+ sd1 = [ (name, t1) | (name, t1) <- s1, name `notElem` map fst s2 ]
122+ sd2 = [ (name, t2) | (name, t2) <- s2, name `notElem` map fst s1 ]
124+ forM_ int (uncurry (~~))
125+ unifyRows' sd1 r1' sd2 r2'
127+ unifyRows' :: [(String, Type)] -> Type -> [(String, Type)] -> Type -> Subst ()
128+ unifyRows' [] (TUnknown u) sd r = replace u (rowFromList (sd, r))
129+ unifyRows' sd r [] (TUnknown u) = replace u (rowFromList (sd, r))
130+ unifyRows' ((name, ty):row) r others u@(TUnknown un) = do
132+ forM_ row $ \(_, t) -> occursCheck un t
134+ u ~~ RCons name ty u'
135+ unifyRows' row r others u'
136+ unifyRows' [] REmpty [] REmpty = return ()
137+ unifyRows' [] (TypeVar v1) [] (TypeVar v2) | v1 == v2 = return ()
138+ unifyRows' [] (Skolem s1) [] (Skolem s2) | s1 == s2 = return ()
139+ unifyRows' sd3 r3 sd4 r4 = throwError $ "Cannot unify " ++ prettyPrintRow (rowFromList (sd3, r3)) ++ " with " ++ prettyPrintRow (rowFromList (sd4, r4)) ++ "."
141+typeConstructorsAreEqual :: Environment -> ModuleName -> Qualified ProperName -> Qualified ProperName -> Bool
142+typeConstructorsAreEqual env moduleName = (==) `on` canonicalizeType moduleName env
144+typesOf :: ModuleName -> [(Ident, Value)] -> Check [(Ident, (Value, Type))]
145+typesOf moduleName vals = do
146+ tys <- fmap (\(tys, s) -> map (\(ident, (val, ty)) -> (ident, (overTypes (apply s) val, apply s ty))) tys)
147+ . runSubst (SubstContext moduleName) $ do
148+ let es = map isTyped vals
149+ typed = filter (isJust . snd . snd) es
150+ untyped = filter (isNothing . snd . snd) es
151+ typedDict = map (\(ident, (_, Just ty)) -> (ident, ty)) typed
152+ untypedNames <- replicateM (length untyped) fresh
153+ let untypedDict = zip (map fst untyped) untypedNames
154+ dict = M.fromList (map (\(ident, ty) -> ((moduleName, ident), (ty, LocalVariable))) $ (map (id *** fst) typedDict) ++ untypedDict)
156+ triple@(_, (val, ty)) <- case e of
157+ (ident, (val, Just (ty, checkType))) -> do
158+ kind <- liftCheck $ kindOf moduleName ty
159+ guardWith ("Expected type of kind *, was " ++ prettyPrintKind kind) $ kind == Star
160+ ty' <- replaceAllTypeSynonyms ty
161+ val' <- bindNames dict $ if checkType then check val ty' else return val
162+ return (ident, (val', ty'))
163+ (ident, (val, Nothing)) -> do
164+ TypedValue _ val' ty <- bindNames dict $ infer val
165+ ty ~~ fromMaybe (error "name not found in dictionary") (lookup ident untypedDict)
166+ return (ident, (val', ty))
167+ when (moduleName == ModuleName (ProperName "Main") && fst e == Ident "main") $ do
168+ [eff, a] <- replicateM 2 fresh
169+ ty ~~ TypeApp (TypeApp (TypeConstructor (Qualified (Just (ModuleName (ProperName "Eff"))) (ProperName "Eff"))) eff) a
172+ forM_ tys $ skolemEscapeCheck . snd . snd
173+ forM tys $ \(ident, (val, ty)) -> do
174+ val' <- replaceTypeClassDictionaries moduleName val
175+ return (ident, (overTypes (desaturateAllTypeSynonyms . setifyAll) $ val'
176+ , varIfUnknown . desaturateAllTypeSynonyms . setifyAll $ ty))
178+isTyped :: (Ident, Value) -> (Ident, (Value, Maybe (Type, Bool)))
179+isTyped (name, TypedValue checkType value ty) = (name, (value, Just (ty, checkType)))
180+isTyped (name, value) = (name, (value, Nothing))
182+overTypes :: (Type -> Type) -> Value -> Value
183+overTypes f = everywhere (mkT f)
185+replaceTypeClassDictionaries :: ModuleName -> Value -> Check Value
186+replaceTypeClassDictionaries mn = everywhereM (mkM go)
188+ go (TypeClassDictionary constraint dicts) = entails mn dicts constraint
189+ go other = return other
191+entails :: ModuleName -> [TypeClassDictionaryInScope] -> (Qualified ProperName, Type) -> Check Value
192+entails moduleName context goal@(className, ty) = do
195+ [] -> throwError $ "No " ++ show className ++ " instance found for " ++ prettyPrintType ty
196+ (dict : _) -> return dict
198+ go env (className', ty') =
199+ [ mkDictionary (tcdName tcd) args
201+ , qualify moduleName className' == qualify moduleName (tcdClassName tcd)
202+ , subst <- maybeToList $ typeHeadsAreEqual moduleName env ty' (tcdInstanceType tcd)
203+ , args <- solveSubgoals env subst (tcdDependencies tcd) ]
204+ solveSubgoals _ _ Nothing = return Nothing
205+ solveSubgoals env subst (Just subgoals) = do
206+ dict <- mapM (go env) (replaceAllTypeVars subst subgoals)
208+ mkDictionary fnName Nothing = Var (Qualified Nothing fnName)
209+ mkDictionary fnName (Just args) = App (Var (Qualified Nothing fnName)) args
211+typeHeadsAreEqual :: ModuleName -> Environment -> Type -> Type -> Maybe [(String, Type)]
212+typeHeadsAreEqual _ _ String String = Just []
213+typeHeadsAreEqual _ _ Number Number = Just []
214+typeHeadsAreEqual _ _ Boolean Boolean = Just []
215+typeHeadsAreEqual _ _ (Skolem s1) (Skolem s2) | s1 == s2 = Just []
216+typeHeadsAreEqual _ _ (Array (TypeVar v)) (Array ty) = Just [(v, ty)]
217+typeHeadsAreEqual _ _ (Array ty) (Array (TypeVar v)) = Just [(v, ty)]
218+typeHeadsAreEqual m e (Array ty1) (Array ty2) = typeHeadsAreEqual m e ty1 ty2
219+typeHeadsAreEqual m e (TypeConstructor c1) (TypeConstructor c2) | typeConstructorsAreEqual e m c1 c2 = Just []
220+typeHeadsAreEqual m e (TypeApp h1 (TypeVar v)) (TypeApp h2 arg) = (:) (v, arg) <$> typeHeadsAreEqual m e h1 h2
221+typeHeadsAreEqual m e t1@(TypeApp _ _) t2@(TypeApp _ (TypeVar _)) = typeHeadsAreEqual m e t2 t1
222+typeHeadsAreEqual _ _ _ _ = Nothing
224+escapeCheck :: Value -> Type -> Subst ()
225+escapeCheck value ty = do
226+ subst <- substSubst <$> getSubstState
227+ let visibleUnknowns = nub $ unknowns $ apply subst ty
228+ let allUnknowns = findAllTypes value
229+ forM_ allUnknowns $ \t -> do
230+ let unsolvedUnknowns = nub . unknowns $ apply subst t
231+ guardWith "Escape check fails" $ null $ unsolvedUnknowns \\ visibleUnknowns
233+findAllTypes :: Value -> [Type]
234+findAllTypes = everything (++) (mkQ [] go)
236+ go (TypedValue _ _ ty) = [ty]
239+skolemEscapeCheck :: Type -> Check ()
240+skolemEscapeCheck ty =
241+ case something (mkQ Nothing findSkolems) ty of
242+ Nothing -> return ()
243+ Just _ -> throwError $ "Skolem variables cannot escape. Consider adding a type signature." ++ show ty
245+ findSkolems (Skolem _) = return ()
246+ findSkolems _ = mzero
248+setify :: Type -> Type
249+setify = rowFromList . first (M.toList . M.fromList) . rowToList
251+setifyAll :: (D.Data d) => d -> d
252+setifyAll = everywhere (mkT setify)
254+varIfUnknown :: Type -> Type
256+ let unks = nub $ unknowns ty
257+ toName = (:) 't' . show
258+ ty' = everywhere (mkT typeToVar) $ ty
259+ typeToVar :: Type -> Type
260+ typeToVar (TUnknown (Unknown u)) = TypeVar (toName u)
262+ in mkForAll (sort . map toName $ unks) ty'
264+replaceAllTypeVars :: (D.Data d) => [(String, Type)] -> d -> d
265+replaceAllTypeVars = foldl' (\f (name, ty) -> replaceTypeVars name ty . f) id
267+replaceAllVarsWithUnknowns :: Type -> Subst Type
268+replaceAllVarsWithUnknowns (ForAll ident ty) = replaceVarWithUnknown ident ty >>= replaceAllVarsWithUnknowns
269+replaceAllVarsWithUnknowns ty = return ty
271+replaceVarWithUnknown :: String -> Type -> Subst Type
272+replaceVarWithUnknown ident ty = do
274+ return $ replaceTypeVars ident tu $ ty
276+replaceAllTypeSynonyms :: (Functor m, MonadState CheckState m, MonadReader SubstContext m, MonadError String m) => (D.Data d) => d -> m d
277+replaceAllTypeSynonyms d = do
279+ moduleName <- substCurrentModule <$> ask
280+ let syns = map (\((path, name), (args, _)) -> ((path, name), length args)) . M.toList $ typeSynonyms env
281+ either throwError return $ saturateAllTypeSynonyms env moduleName syns d
283+desaturateAllTypeSynonyms :: (D.Data d) => d -> d
284+desaturateAllTypeSynonyms = everywhere (mkT replaceSaturatedTypeSynonym)
286+ replaceSaturatedTypeSynonym (SaturatedTypeSynonym name args) = foldl TypeApp (TypeConstructor name) args
287+ replaceSaturatedTypeSynonym t = t
289+expandTypeSynonym :: Qualified ProperName -> [Type] -> Subst Type
290+expandTypeSynonym name args = do
292+ moduleName <- substCurrentModule `fmap` ask
293+ case M.lookup (canonicalizeType moduleName env name) (typeSynonyms env) of
294+ Just (synArgs, body) -> return $ replaceAllTypeVars (zip synArgs args) body
295+ Nothing -> error "Type synonym was not defined"
297+ensureNoDuplicateProperties :: (MonadError String m) => [(String, Value)] -> m ()
298+ensureNoDuplicateProperties ps = guardWith "Duplicate property names" $ length (nub . map fst $ ps) == length ps
300+infer :: Value -> Subst Value
301+infer val = rethrow (\e -> "Error inferring type of term " ++ prettyPrintValue val ++ ":\n" ++ e) $ infer' val
303+infer' :: Value -> Subst Value
304+infer' v@(NumericLiteral _) = return $ TypedValue True v Number
305+infer' v@(StringLiteral _) = return $ TypedValue True v String
306+infer' v@(BooleanLiteral _) = return $ TypedValue True v Boolean
307+infer' (ArrayLiteral vals) = do
308+ ts <- mapM infer vals
310+ forM_ ts $ \(TypedValue _ _ t) -> els ~~ Array t
311+ return $ TypedValue True (ArrayLiteral ts) els
312+infer' (Unary op val) = do
315+infer' (Binary op left right) = do
318+ inferBinary op v1 v2
319+infer' (ObjectLiteral ps) = do
320+ ensureNoDuplicateProperties ps
321+ ts <- mapM (infer . snd) ps
322+ let fields = zipWith (\name (TypedValue _ _ t) -> (name, t)) (map fst ps) ts
323+ ty = Object $ rowFromList (fields, REmpty)
324+ return $ TypedValue True (ObjectLiteral (zip (map fst ps) ts)) ty
325+infer' (ObjectUpdate o ps) = do
326+ ensureNoDuplicateProperties ps
328+ newVals <- zipWith (\(name, _) t -> (name, t)) ps <$> mapM (infer . snd) ps
329+ let newTys = map (\(name, TypedValue _ _ ty) -> (name, ty)) newVals
330+ oldTys <- zip (map fst ps) <$> replicateM (length ps) fresh
331+ o' <- check o $ Object $ rowFromList (oldTys, row)
332+ return $ TypedValue True (ObjectUpdate o' newVals) $ Object $ rowFromList (newTys, row)
333+infer' (Indexer index val) = do
335+ index' <- check index Number
336+ val' <- check val (Array el)
337+ return $ TypedValue True (Indexer (TypedValue True index' Number) (TypedValue True val' (Array el))) el
338+infer' (Accessor prop val) = do
339+ typed@(TypedValue _ _ objTy) <- infer val
340+ propTy <- inferProperty objTy prop
345+ objTy `subsumes` Object (RCons prop field rest)
346+ return $ TypedValue True (Accessor prop typed) field
347+ Just ty -> return $ TypedValue True (Accessor prop typed) ty
348+infer' (Abs args ret) = do
349+ ts <- replicateM (length args) fresh
350+ moduleName <- substCurrentModule <$> ask
351+ bindLocalVariables moduleName (zip args ts) $ do
352+ body@(TypedValue _ _ bodyTy) <- infer' ret
353+ return $ TypedValue True (Abs args body) $ Function ts bodyTy
354+infer' (App f args) = do
355+ f'@(TypedValue _ _ ft) <- infer f
357+ app <- checkFunctionApplication f' ft args ret
358+ return $ TypedValue True app ret
359+infer' (Var var) = do
360+ moduleName <- substCurrentModule <$> ask
361+ ty <- lookupVariable moduleName var
362+ ty' <- replaceAllTypeSynonyms ty
364+ ConstrainedType constraints _ -> do
366+ dicts <- getTypeClassDictionaries
367+ return $ TypedValue True (App (Var var) (map (flip TypeClassDictionary dicts) (qualifyAllUnqualifiedNames moduleName env constraints))) ty'
368+ _ -> return $ TypedValue True (Var var) ty'
369+infer' (Block ss) = do
371+ (allCodePathsReturn, _, ss') <- checkBlock M.empty ret ss
372+ guardWith "Block is missing a return statement" allCodePathsReturn
373+ return $ TypedValue True (Block ss') ret
374+infer' v@(Constructor c) = do
376+ moduleName <- substCurrentModule `fmap` ask
377+ case M.lookup (qualify moduleName c) (dataConstructors env) of
378+ Nothing -> throwError $ "Constructor " ++ show c ++ " is undefined"
379+ Just (ty, _) -> do ty' <- replaceAllTypeSynonyms ty
380+ return $ TypedValue True v ty'
381+infer' (Case vals binders) = do
382+ ts <- mapM infer vals
384+ binders' <- checkBinders (map (\(TypedValue _ _ t) -> t) ts) ret binders
385+ return $ TypedValue True (Case ts binders') ret
386+infer' (IfThenElse cond th el) = do
387+ cond' <- check cond Boolean
388+ v2@(TypedValue _ _ t2) <- infer th
389+ v3@(TypedValue _ _ t3) <- infer el
391+ return $ TypedValue True (IfThenElse cond' v2 v3) t2
392+infer' (TypedValue checkType val ty) = do
393+ moduleName <- substCurrentModule <$> ask
394+ kind <- liftCheck $ kindOf moduleName ty
395+ guardWith ("Expected type of kind *, was " ++ prettyPrintKind kind) $ kind == Star
396+ ty' <- replaceAllTypeSynonyms ty
397+ val' <- if checkType then check val ty' else return val
398+ return $ TypedValue True val' ty
399+infer' _ = error "Invalid argument to infer"
401+inferProperty :: Type -> String -> Subst (Maybe Type)
402+inferProperty (Object row) prop = do
403+ let (props, _) = rowToList row
404+ return $ lookup prop props
405+inferProperty (SaturatedTypeSynonym name args) prop = do
406+ replaced <- expandTypeSynonym name args
407+ inferProperty replaced prop
408+inferProperty (ForAll ident ty) prop = do
409+ replaced <- replaceVarWithUnknown ident ty
410+ inferProperty replaced prop
411+inferProperty _ _ = return Nothing
413+inferUnary :: UnaryOperator -> Value -> Subst Value
414+inferUnary op (TypedValue _ val valTy) =
415+ case fromMaybe (error "Invalid operator") $ lookup op unaryOps of
416+ (valTy', resTy) -> do
418+ return $ TypedValue True (Unary op val) resTy
419+inferUnary _ _ = error "Invalid arguments to inferUnary"
421+checkUnary :: UnaryOperator -> Value -> Type -> Subst Value
422+checkUnary op val res =
423+ case fromMaybe (error "Invalid operator") $ lookup op unaryOps of
424+ (valTy, resTy) -> do
426+ val' <- check val valTy
427+ return $ Unary op val'
429+unaryOps :: [(UnaryOperator, (Type, Type))]
430+unaryOps = [ (Negate, (Number, Number))
431+ , (Not, (Boolean, Boolean))
432+ , (BitwiseNot, (Number, Number))
435+inferBinary :: BinaryOperator -> Value -> Value -> Subst Value
436+inferBinary op left@(TypedValue _ _ leftTy) right@(TypedValue _ _ rightTy) | isEqualityTest op = do
438+ return $ TypedValue True (Binary op left right) Boolean
439+inferBinary op left@(TypedValue _ _ leftTy) right@(TypedValue _ _ rightTy) =
440+ case fromMaybe (error "Invalid operator") $ lookup op binaryOps of
441+ (valTy, resTy) -> do
444+ return $ TypedValue True (Binary op left right) resTy
445+inferBinary _ _ _ = error "Invalid arguments to inferBinary"
447+checkBinary :: BinaryOperator -> Value -> Value -> Type -> Subst Value
448+checkBinary op left right res | isEqualityTest op = do
450+ left'@(TypedValue _ _ t1) <- infer left
451+ right'@(TypedValue _ _ t2) <- infer right
453+ return $ Binary op left' right'
454+checkBinary op left right res =
455+ case fromMaybe (error "Invalid operator") $ lookup op binaryOps of
456+ (valTy, resTy) -> do
458+ left' <- check left valTy
459+ right' <- check right valTy
460+ return $ Binary op left' right'
462+isEqualityTest :: BinaryOperator -> Bool
463+isEqualityTest EqualTo = True
464+isEqualityTest NotEqualTo = True
465+isEqualityTest _ = False
467+binaryOps :: [(BinaryOperator, (Type, Type))]
468+binaryOps = [ (Add, (Number, Number))
469+ , (Subtract, (Number, Number))
470+ , (Multiply, (Number, Number))
471+ , (Divide, (Number, Number))
472+ , (Modulus, (Number, Number))
473+ , (BitwiseAnd, (Number, Number))
474+ , (BitwiseOr, (Number, Number))
475+ , (BitwiseXor, (Number, Number))
476+ , (ShiftRight, (Number, Number))
477+ , (ZeroFillShiftRight, (Number, Number))
478+ , (And, (Boolean, Boolean))
479+ , (Or, (Boolean, Boolean))
480+ , (Concat, (String, String))
481+ , (Modulus, (Number, Number))
482+ , (LessThan, (Number, Boolean))
483+ , (LessThanOrEqualTo, (Number, Boolean))
484+ , (GreaterThan, (Number, Boolean))
485+ , (GreaterThanOrEqualTo, (Number, Boolean))
488+inferBinder :: Type -> Binder -> Subst (M.Map Ident Type)
489+inferBinder _ NullBinder = return M.empty
490+inferBinder val (StringBinder _) = val ~~ String >> return M.empty
491+inferBinder val (NumberBinder _) = val ~~ Number >> return M.empty
492+inferBinder val (BooleanBinder _) = val ~~ Boolean >> return M.empty
493+inferBinder val (VarBinder name) = return $ M.singleton name val
494+inferBinder val (NullaryBinder ctor) = do
496+ moduleName <- substCurrentModule <$> ask
497+ case M.lookup (qualify moduleName ctor) (dataConstructors env) of
501+ _ -> throwError $ "Constructor " ++ show ctor ++ " is not defined"
502+inferBinder val (UnaryBinder ctor binder) = do
504+ moduleName <- substCurrentModule <$> ask
505+ case M.lookup (qualify moduleName ctor) (dataConstructors env) of
507+ fn <- replaceAllVarsWithUnknowns ty
509+ Function [obj] ret -> do
511+ inferBinder obj binder
512+ _ -> throwError $ "Constructor " ++ show ctor ++ " is not a unary constructor"
513+ _ -> throwError $ "Constructor " ++ show ctor ++ " is not defined"
514+inferBinder val (ObjectBinder props) = do
517+ m1 <- inferRowProperties row rest props
521+ inferRowProperties :: Type -> Type -> [(String, Binder)] -> Subst (M.Map Ident Type)
522+ inferRowProperties nrow row [] = nrow ~~ row >> return M.empty
523+ inferRowProperties nrow row ((name, binder):binders) = do
525+ m1 <- inferBinder propTy binder
526+ m2 <- inferRowProperties nrow (RCons name propTy row) binders
527+ return $ m1 `M.union` m2
528+inferBinder val (ArrayBinder binders) = do
530+ m1 <- M.unions <$> mapM (inferBinder el) binders
533+inferBinder val (ConsBinder headBinder tailBinder) = do
535+ m1 <- inferBinder el headBinder
536+ m2 <- inferBinder val tailBinder
538+ return $ m1 `M.union` m2
539+inferBinder val (NamedBinder name binder) = do
540+ m <- inferBinder val binder
541+ return $ M.insert name val m
543+checkBinders :: [Type] -> Type -> [([Binder], Maybe Guard, Value)] -> Subst [([Binder], Maybe Guard, Value)]
544+checkBinders _ _ [] = return []
545+checkBinders nvals ret ((binders, grd, val):bs) = do
546+ moduleName <- substCurrentModule <$> ask
547+ m1 <- M.unions <$> zipWithM inferBinder nvals binders
548+ r <- bindLocalVariables moduleName (M.toList m1) $ do
549+ val' <- check val ret
551+ Nothing -> return (binders, Nothing, val')
553+ g' <- check g Boolean
554+ return (binders, Just g', val')
555+ rs <- checkBinders nvals ret bs
558+assignVariable :: Ident -> Subst ()
559+assignVariable name = do
560+ env <- checkEnv <$> get
561+ moduleName <- substCurrentModule <$> ask
562+ case M.lookup (moduleName, name) (names env) of
563+ Just (_, LocalVariable) -> throwError $ "Variable with name " ++ show name ++ " already exists."
566+checkStatement :: M.Map Ident Type -> Type -> Statement -> Subst (Bool, M.Map Ident Type, Statement)
567+checkStatement mass _ (VariableIntroduction name val) = do
569+ val'@(TypedValue _ _ t) <- infer val
570+ return (False, M.insert name t mass, VariableIntroduction name val')
571+checkStatement mass _ (Assignment ident val) = do
572+ val'@(TypedValue _ _ t) <- infer val
573+ case M.lookup ident mass of
574+ Nothing -> throwError $ "No local variable with name " ++ show ident
575+ Just ty -> do t ~~ ty
576+ return (False, mass, Assignment ident val')
577+checkStatement mass ret (While val inner) = do
578+ val' <- check val Boolean
579+ (allCodePathsReturn, _, inner') <- checkBlock mass ret inner
580+ return (allCodePathsReturn, mass, While val' inner')
581+checkStatement mass ret (If ifst) = do
582+ (allCodePathsReturn, ifst') <- checkIfStatement mass ret ifst
583+ return (allCodePathsReturn, mass, If ifst')
584+checkStatement mass ret (For ident start end inner) = do
585+ moduleName <- substCurrentModule <$> ask
586+ assignVariable ident
587+ start' <- check start Number
588+ end' <- check end Number
589+ (allCodePathsReturn, _, inner') <- bindLocalVariables moduleName [(ident, Number)] $ checkBlock mass ret inner
590+ return (allCodePathsReturn, mass, For ident start' end' inner')
591+checkStatement mass ret (Return val) = do
592+ val' <- check val ret
593+ return (True, mass, Return val')
595+checkIfStatement :: M.Map Ident Type -> Type -> IfStatement -> Subst (Bool, IfStatement)
596+checkIfStatement mass ret (IfStatement val thens Nothing) = do
597+ val' <- check val Boolean
598+ (_, _, thens') <- checkBlock mass ret thens
599+ return (False, IfStatement val' thens' Nothing)
600+checkIfStatement mass ret (IfStatement val thens (Just elses)) = do
601+ val' <- check val Boolean
602+ (allCodePathsReturn1, _, thens') <- checkBlock mass ret thens
603+ (allCodePathsReturn2, elses') <- checkElseStatement mass ret elses
604+ return (allCodePathsReturn1 && allCodePathsReturn2, IfStatement val' thens' (Just elses'))
606+checkElseStatement :: M.Map Ident Type -> Type -> ElseStatement -> Subst (Bool, ElseStatement)
607+checkElseStatement mass ret (Else elses) = do
608+ (allCodePathsReturn, _, elses') <- checkBlock mass ret elses
609+ return (allCodePathsReturn, Else elses')
610+checkElseStatement mass ret (ElseIf ifst) = (id *** ElseIf) <$> checkIfStatement mass ret ifst
612+checkBlock :: M.Map Ident Type -> Type -> [Statement] -> Subst (Bool, M.Map Ident Type, [Statement])
613+checkBlock mass _ [] = return (False, mass, [])
614+checkBlock mass ret (s:ss) = do
615+ moduleName <- substCurrentModule <$> ask
616+ (b1, mass1, s') <- checkStatement mass ret s
617+ bindLocalVariables moduleName (M.toList mass1) $ case (b1, ss) of
618+ (True, []) -> return (True, mass1, [s'])
619+ (True, _) -> throwError "Unreachable code"
621+ (b, m, ss'') <- checkBlock mass1 ret ss'
622+ return (b, m, s':ss'')
624+skolemize :: String -> Type -> Subst Type
625+skolemize ident ty = do
626+ tsk <- Skolem <$> fresh'
627+ return $ replaceTypeVars ident tsk ty
629+check :: Value -> Type -> Subst Value
630+check val ty = rethrow errorMessage $ check' val ty
633+ "Error checking type of term " ++
634+ prettyPrintValue val ++
636+ prettyPrintType ty ++
640+check' :: Value -> Type -> Subst Value
641+check' val (ForAll idents ty) = do
642+ sk <- skolemize idents ty
644+check' val (ConstrainedType constraints ty) = do
646+ moduleName <- substCurrentModule <$> ask
647+ dictNames <- flip mapM constraints $ \(Qualified _ (ProperName className), _) -> do
648+ n <- liftCheck freshDictionaryName
649+ return $ Ident $ "__dict_" ++ className ++ "_" ++ show n
650+ val' <- withTypeClassDictionaries (zipWith (\name (className, instanceTy) -> TypeClassDictionaryInScope name className instanceTy Nothing) dictNames (qualifyAllUnqualifiedNames moduleName env constraints)) $ check val ty
651+ return $ Abs dictNames val'
652+check' val u@(TUnknown _) = do
653+ val'@(TypedValue _ _ ty) <- infer val
654+ -- Don't unify an unknown with an inferred polytype
655+ ty' <- replaceAllVarsWithUnknowns ty
658+check' v@(NumericLiteral _) Number = return v
659+check' v@(StringLiteral _) String = return v
660+check' v@(BooleanLiteral _) Boolean = return v
661+check' (Unary op val) ty = checkUnary op val ty
662+check' (Binary op left right) ty = checkBinary op left right ty
663+check' (ArrayLiteral vals) (Array ty) = ArrayLiteral <$> forM vals (\val -> check val ty)
664+check' (Indexer index vals) ty = do
665+ index' <- check index Number
666+ vals' <- check vals (Array ty)
667+ return $ Indexer index' vals'
668+check' (Abs args ret) (Function argTys retTy) = do
669+ moduleName <- substCurrentModule <$> ask
670+ guardWith "Incorrect number of function arguments" (length args == length argTys)
671+ ret' <- bindLocalVariables moduleName (zip args argTys) $ check ret retTy
672+ return $ Abs args ret'
673+check' (App f args) ret = do
674+ f'@(TypedValue _ _ ft) <- infer f
675+ app <- checkFunctionApplication f' ft args ret
677+check' (Var var) ty = do
678+ moduleName <- substCurrentModule <$> ask
679+ ty1 <- lookupVariable moduleName var
680+ repl <- replaceAllTypeSynonyms ty1
683+check' (TypedValue checkType val ty1) ty2 = do
684+ moduleName <- substCurrentModule <$> ask
685+ kind <- liftCheck $ kindOf moduleName ty1
686+ guardWith ("Expected type of kind *, was " ++ prettyPrintKind kind) $ kind == Star
688+ val' <- if checkType then check val ty1 else return val
689+ return $ TypedValue True val' ty1
690+check' (Case vals binders) ret = do
691+ vals' <- mapM infer vals
692+ let ts = map (\(TypedValue _ _ t) -> t) vals'
693+ binders' <- checkBinders ts ret binders
694+ return $ Case vals' binders'
695+check' (IfThenElse cond th el) ty = do
696+ cond' <- check cond Boolean
699+ return $ IfThenElse cond' th' el'
700+check' (ObjectLiteral ps) (Object row) = do
701+ ensureNoDuplicateProperties ps
702+ ps' <- checkProperties ps row False
703+ return $ ObjectLiteral ps'
704+check' (ObjectUpdate obj ps) (Object row) = do
705+ ensureNoDuplicateProperties ps
706+ us <- zip (map fst ps) <$> replicateM (length ps) fresh
707+ let (propsToCheck, rest) = rowToList row
708+ propsToRemove = map fst ps
709+ remainingProps = filter (\(p, _) -> p `notElem` propsToRemove) propsToCheck
710+ obj' <- check obj (Object (rowFromList (us ++ remainingProps, rest)))
711+ ps' <- checkProperties ps row True
712+ return $ ObjectUpdate obj' ps'
713+check' (Accessor prop val) ty = do
715+ val' <- check val (Object (RCons prop ty rest))
716+ return $ Accessor prop val'
717+check' (Block ss) ret = do
718+ (allCodePathsReturn, _, ss') <- checkBlock M.empty ret ss
719+ guardWith "Block is missing a return statement" allCodePathsReturn
721+check' (Constructor c) ty = do
723+ moduleName <- substCurrentModule <$> ask
724+ case M.lookup (qualify moduleName c) (dataConstructors env) of
725+ Nothing -> throwError $ "Constructor " ++ show c ++ " is undefined"
727+ repl <- replaceAllTypeSynonyms ty1
729+ return $ Constructor c
730+check' val (SaturatedTypeSynonym name args) = do
731+ ty <- expandTypeSynonym name args
733+check' val ty = throwError $ prettyPrintValue val ++ " does not have type " ++ prettyPrintType ty
735+checkProperties :: [(String, Value)] -> Type -> Bool -> Subst [(String, Value)]
736+checkProperties ps row lax = let (ts, r') = rowToList row in go ps ts r' where
737+ go [] [] REmpty = return []
738+ go [] [] u@(TUnknown _) = do u ~~ REmpty
740+ go [] [] (Skolem _) | lax = return []
741+ go [] ((p, _): _) _ | lax = return []
742+ | otherwise = throwError $ prettyPrintValue (ObjectLiteral ps) ++ " does not have property " ++ p
743+ go ((p,_):_) [] REmpty = throwError $ "Property " ++ p ++ " is not present in closed object type " ++ prettyPrintRow row
744+ go ((p,v):ps') [] u@(TUnknown _) = do
745+ v'@(TypedValue _ _ ty) <- infer v
747+ u ~~ RCons p ty rest
748+ ps'' <- go ps' [] rest
749+ return $ (p, v') : ps''
750+ go ((p,v):ps') ts r =
753+ v'@(TypedValue _ _ ty) <- infer v
755+ r ~~ RCons p ty rest
756+ ps'' <- go ps' ts rest
757+ return $ (p, v') : ps''
760+ ps'' <- go ps' (delete (p, ty) ts) r
761+ return $ (p, v') : ps''
762+ go _ _ _ = throwError $ prettyPrintValue (ObjectLiteral ps) ++ " does not have type " ++ prettyPrintType (Object row)
764+checkFunctionApplication :: Value -> Type -> [Value] -> Type -> Subst Value
765+checkFunctionApplication fn fnTy args ret = rethrow errorMessage $ checkFunctionApplication' fn fnTy args ret
767+ errorMessage msg = "Error applying function of type "
768+ ++ prettyPrintType fnTy
769+ ++ " to arguments " ++ intercalate ", " (map prettyPrintValue args)
772+checkFunctionApplication' :: Value -> Type -> [Value] -> Type -> Subst Value
773+checkFunctionApplication' fn (Function argTys retTy) args ret = do
774+ guardWith "Incorrect number of function arguments" (length args == length argTys)
775+ args' <- zipWithM check args argTys
776+ retTy `subsumes` ret
777+ return $ App fn args'
778+checkFunctionApplication' fn (ForAll ident ty) args ret = do
779+ replaced <- replaceVarWithUnknown ident ty
780+ checkFunctionApplication fn replaced args ret
781+checkFunctionApplication' fn u@(TUnknown _) args ret = do
782+ args' <- mapM (\arg -> infer arg >>= \(TypedValue _ v t) -> TypedValue True v <$> replaceAllVarsWithUnknowns t) args
783+ let tys = map (\(TypedValue _ _ t) -> t) args'
784+ u ~~ Function tys ret
785+ return $ App fn args'
786+checkFunctionApplication' fn (SaturatedTypeSynonym name tyArgs) args ret = do
787+ ty <- expandTypeSynonym name tyArgs
788+ checkFunctionApplication fn ty args ret
789+checkFunctionApplication' fn (ConstrainedType constraints fnTy) args ret = do
791+ dicts <- getTypeClassDictionaries
792+ moduleName <- substCurrentModule <$> ask
793+ checkFunctionApplication' (App fn (map (flip TypeClassDictionary dicts) (qualifyAllUnqualifiedNames moduleName env constraints))) fnTy args ret
794+checkFunctionApplication' _ fnTy args ret = throwError $ "Applying a function of type "
795+ ++ prettyPrintType fnTy
796+ ++ " to argument(s) " ++ intercalate ", " (map prettyPrintValue args)
797+ ++ " does not yield a value of type " ++ prettyPrintType ret ++ "."
799+subsumes :: Type -> Type -> Subst ()
800+subsumes (ForAll ident ty1) ty2 = do
801+ replaced <- replaceVarWithUnknown ident ty1
802+ replaced `subsumes` ty2
803+subsumes (Function args1 ret1) (Function args2 ret2) = do
804+ zipWithM_ subsumes args2 args1
805+ ret1 `subsumes` ret2
806+subsumes ty1 ty2 = ty1 ~~ ty2