Allow returning Result from functions

This commit adds support for exporting a function defined in Rust that returns a
`Result`, translating the `Ok` variant to the actual return value and the `Err`
variant to an exception that's thrown in JS.

The support for return types and descriptors was rejiggered a bit to be a bit
more abstract and more well suited for this purpose. We no longer distinguish
between functions with a return value and those without a return value.
Additionally a new trait, `ReturnWasmAbi`, is used for converting return values.
This trait is an internal implementation detail, however, and shouldn't surface
itself to users much (if at all).

Closes #841

crates/backend/src/codegen.rs

@@ -418,39 +418,28 @@ impl TryToTokens for ast::Export {
             }
             converted_arguments.push(quote! { #ident });
         }
-        let ret_ty;
+        let syn_unit = syn::Type::Tuple(syn::TypeTuple {
-        let convert_ret;
+            elems: Default::default(),
-        match &self.function.ret {
+            paren_token: Default::default(),
-            Some(syn::Type::Reference(_)) => {
+        });
-                bail_span!(
+        let syn_ret = self.function.ret.as_ref().unwrap_or(&syn_unit);
-                    self.function.ret,
+        if let syn::Type::Reference(_) = syn_ret {
-                    "cannot return a borrowed ref with #[wasm_bindgen]",
+            bail_span!(
-                )
+                syn_ret,
-            }
+                "cannot return a borrowed ref with #[wasm_bindgen]",
-            Some(ty) => {
+            )
-                ret_ty = quote! {
-                    -> <#ty as ::wasm_bindgen::convert::IntoWasmAbi>::Abi
-                };
-                convert_ret = quote! {
-                    <#ty as ::wasm_bindgen::convert::IntoWasmAbi>
-                        ::into_abi(#ret, &mut unsafe {
-                            ::wasm_bindgen::convert::GlobalStack::new()
-                        })
-                };
-            }
-            None => {
-                ret_ty = quote!();
-                convert_ret = quote!();
-            }
         }
-        let describe_ret = match &self.function.ret {
+        let ret_ty = quote! {
-            Some(ty) => {
+            -> <#syn_ret as ::wasm_bindgen::convert::ReturnWasmAbi>::Abi
-                quote! {
+        };
-                    inform(1);
+        let convert_ret = quote! {
-                    <#ty as WasmDescribe>::describe();
+            <#syn_ret as ::wasm_bindgen::convert::ReturnWasmAbi>
-                }
+                ::return_abi(#ret, &mut unsafe {
-            }
+                    ::wasm_bindgen::convert::GlobalStack::new()
-            None => quote! { inform(0); },
+                })
+        };
+        let describe_ret = quote! {
+            <#syn_ret as WasmDescribe>::describe();
         };
         let nargs = self.function.arguments.len() as u32;
         let argtys = self.function.arguments.iter().map(|arg| &arg.ty);
@@ -464,6 +453,10 @@ impl TryToTokens for ast::Export {
             pub extern fn #generated_name(#(#args),*) #ret_ty {
                 // See definition of `link_mem_intrinsics` for what this is doing
                 ::wasm_bindgen::__rt::link_mem_intrinsics();
+
+                // Scope all local variables to be destroyed after we call the
+                // function to ensure that `#convert_ret`, if it panics, doesn't
+                // leak anything.
                 let #ret = {
                     let mut __stack = unsafe {
                         ::wasm_bindgen::convert::GlobalStack::new()
@@ -954,8 +947,8 @@ impl<'a> ToTokens for DescribeImport<'a> {
         let argtys = f.function.arguments.iter().map(|arg| &arg.ty);
         let nargs = f.function.arguments.len() as u32;
         let inform_ret = match &f.js_ret {
-            Some(ref t) => quote! { inform(1); <#t as WasmDescribe>::describe(); },
+            Some(ref t) => quote! { <#t as WasmDescribe>::describe(); },
-            None => quote! { inform(0); },
+            None => quote! { <() as WasmDescribe>::describe(); },
         };
 
         Descriptor(&f.shim, quote! {

crates/cli-support/src/descriptor.rs

@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@ tys! {
     RUST_STRUCT
     CHAR
     OPTIONAL
+    UNIT
 }
 
 #[derive(Debug)]
@@ -61,12 +62,13 @@ pub enum Descriptor {
     RustStruct(String),
     Char,
     Option(Box<Descriptor>),
+    Unit,
 }
 
 #[derive(Debug)]
 pub struct Function {
     pub arguments: Vec<Descriptor>,
-    pub ret: Option<Descriptor>,
+    pub ret: Descriptor,
 }
 
 #[derive(Debug)]
@@ -128,6 +130,7 @@ impl Descriptor {
                 Descriptor::RustStruct(name)
             }
             CHAR => Descriptor::Char,
+            UNIT => Descriptor::Unit,
             other => panic!("unknown descriptor: {}", other),
         }
     }
@@ -295,12 +298,10 @@ impl Function {
         let arguments = (0..get(data))
             .map(|_| Descriptor::_decode(data))
             .collect::<Vec<_>>();
-        let ret = if get(data) == 0 {
+        Function {
-            None
+            arguments,
-        } else {
+            ret: Descriptor::_decode(data),
-            Some(Descriptor::_decode(data))
+        }
-        };
-        Function { arguments, ret }
     }
 }
 

crates/cli-support/src/js/js2rust.rs

@@ -390,15 +390,12 @@ impl<'a, 'b> Js2Rust<'a, 'b> {
         Ok(self)
     }
 
-    pub fn ret(&mut self, ret: &Option<Descriptor>) -> Result<&mut Self, Error> {
+    pub fn ret(&mut self, ty: &Descriptor) -> Result<&mut Self, Error> {
-        let ty = match *ret {
+        if let Descriptor::Unit = ty {
-            Some(ref t) => t,
+            self.ret_ty = "void".to_string();
-            None => {
+            self.ret_expr = format!("return RET;");
-                self.ret_ty = "void".to_string();
+            return Ok(self);
-                self.ret_expr = format!("return RET;");
+        }
-                return Ok(self);
-            }
-        };
 
         let (ty, optional) = match ty {
             Descriptor::Option(t) => (&**t, true),

crates/cli-support/src/js/mod.rs

@@ -393,6 +393,11 @@ impl<'a> Context<'a> {
             ))
         })?;
 
+        self.bind("__wbindgen_rethrow", &|me| {
+            me.expose_take_object();
+            Ok(String::from("function(idx) { throw takeObject(idx); }"))
+        })?;
+
         self.create_memory_export();
         self.unexport_unused_internal_exports();
         closures::rewrite(self)?;
@@ -626,7 +631,9 @@ impl<'a> Context<'a> {
 
             let set = {
                 let mut cx = Js2Rust::new(&field.name, self);
-                cx.method(true, false).argument(&descriptor)?.ret(&None)?;
+                cx.method(true, false)
+                    .argument(&descriptor)?
+                    .ret(&Descriptor::Unit)?;
                 ts_dst.push_str(&format!(
                     "{}{}: {}\n",
                     if field.readonly { "readonly " } else { "" },
@@ -637,7 +644,7 @@ impl<'a> Context<'a> {
             };
             let (get, _ts, js_doc) = Js2Rust::new(&field.name, self)
                 .method(true, false)
-                .ret(&Some(descriptor))?
+                .ret(&descriptor)?
                 .finish("", &format!("wasm.{}", wasm_getter));
             if !dst.ends_with("\n") {
                 dst.push_str("\n");

crates/cli-support/src/js/rust2js.rs

@@ -285,14 +285,11 @@ impl<'a, 'b> Rust2Js<'a, 'b> {
         Ok(())
     }
 
-    fn ret(&mut self, ret: &Option<Descriptor>) -> Result<(), Error> {
+    fn ret(&mut self, ty: &Descriptor) -> Result<(), Error> {
-        let ty = match *ret {
+        if let Descriptor::Unit = ty {
-            Some(ref t) => t,
+            self.ret_expr = "JS;".to_string();
-            None => {
+            return Ok(());
-                self.ret_expr = "JS;".to_string();
+        }
-                return Ok(());
-            }
-        };
         let (ty, optional) = match ty {
             Descriptor::Option(t) => (&**t, true),
             _ => (ty, false),

crates/macro-support/src/parser.rs

@@ -726,13 +726,14 @@ impl<'a> MacroParse<(Option<BindgenAttrs>, &'a mut TokenStream)> for syn::Item {
                 }
                 let comments = extract_doc_comments(&f.attrs);
                 f.to_tokens(tokens);
+                let opts = opts.unwrap_or_default();
                 program.exports.push(ast::Export {
                     class: None,
                     method_self: None,
                     constructor: None,
                     comments,
                     rust_name: f.ident.clone(),
-                    function: f.convert(opts.unwrap_or_default())?,
+                    function: f.convert(opts)?,
                 });
             }
             syn::Item::Struct(mut s) => {

guide/src/SUMMARY.md

@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@
     - [`String`](./reference/types/string.md)
     - [Number Slices](./reference/types/number-slices.md)
     - [Boxed Number Slices](./reference/types/boxed-number-slices.md)
+    - [`Result<T, JsValue>`](./reference/types/result.md)
   - [`#[wasm_bindgen]` Attributes](./reference/attributes/index.md)
     - [On JavaScript Imports](./reference/attributes/on-js-imports/index.md)
       - [`catch`](./reference/attributes/on-js-imports/catch.md)

guide/src/reference/types/result.md

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+# `Result<T, JsValue>`
+
+| `T` parameter | `&T` parameter | `&mut T` parameter | `T` return value | `Option<T>` parameter | `Option<T>` return value | JavaScript representation |
+|:---:|:---:|:---:|:---:|:---:|:---:|:---:|
+| No | No | No | No | No | Yes | Same as `T`, or an exception |
+
+The `Result` type can be returned from functions exported to JS as well as
+closures in Rust. Only `Result<T, JsValue>` is supported where `T` can be
+converted to JS. Whenever `Ok(val)` is encountered it's converted to JS and
+handed off, and whenever `Err(error)` is encountered an exception is thrown in
+JS with `error`.
+
+You can use `Result` to enable handling of JS exceptions with `?` in Rust,
+naturally propagating it upwards to the wasm boundary. Furthermore you can also
+return custom types in Rust so long as they're all convertible to `JsValue`.
+
+Note that if you import a JS function with `Result` you need
+`#[wasm_bindgen(catch)]` to be annotated on the import (unlike exported
+functions, which require no extra annotation). This may not be necessary in the
+future though and it may work "as is"!.

src/closure.rs

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ use std::rc::Rc;
 use JsValue;
 use convert::*;
 use describe::*;
-use throw;
+use throw_str;
 
 /// A handle to both a closure in Rust as well as JS closure which will invoke
 /// the Rust closure.
@@ -304,41 +304,9 @@ macro_rules! doit {
     ($(
         ($($var:ident)*)
     )*) => ($(
-        // Fn with no return
-        unsafe impl<$($var),*> WasmClosure for Fn($($var),*)
-            where $($var: FromWasmAbi + 'static,)*
-        {
-            fn describe() {
-                <&Self>::describe();
-            }
-
-            fn invoke_fn() -> u32 {
-                #[allow(non_snake_case)]
-                unsafe extern fn invoke<$($var: FromWasmAbi,)*>(
-                    a: *const UnsafeCell<Box<Fn($($var),*)>>,
-                    $($var: <$var as FromWasmAbi>::Abi),*
-                ) {
-                    if a.is_null() {
-                        throw("closure invoked recursively or destroyed already");
-                    }
-                    let a = Rc::from_raw(a);
-                    let my_handle = a.clone();
-                    drop(Rc::into_raw(a));
-                    let f: &Fn($($var),*) = &**my_handle.get();
-                    let mut _stack = GlobalStack::new();
-                    $(
-                        let $var = <$var as FromWasmAbi>::from_abi($var, &mut _stack);
-                    )*
-                    f($($var),*)
-                }
-                invoke::<$($var,)*> as u32
-            }
-        }
-
-        // Fn with no return
         unsafe impl<$($var,)* R> WasmClosure for Fn($($var),*) -> R
             where $($var: FromWasmAbi + 'static,)*
-                  R: IntoWasmAbi + 'static,
+                  R: ReturnWasmAbi + 'static,
         {
             fn describe() {
                 <&Self>::describe();
@@ -346,61 +314,36 @@ macro_rules! doit {
 
             fn invoke_fn() -> u32 {
                 #[allow(non_snake_case)]
-                unsafe extern fn invoke<$($var: FromWasmAbi,)* R: IntoWasmAbi>(
+                unsafe extern fn invoke<$($var: FromWasmAbi,)* R: ReturnWasmAbi>(
                     a: *const UnsafeCell<Box<Fn($($var),*) -> R>>,
                     $($var: <$var as FromWasmAbi>::Abi),*
-                ) -> <R as IntoWasmAbi>::Abi {
+                ) -> <R as ReturnWasmAbi>::Abi {
                     if a.is_null() {
-                        throw("closure invoked recursively or destroyed already");
+                        throw_str("closure invoked recursively or destroyed already");
                     }
-                    let a = Rc::from_raw(a);
+                    // Make sure all stack variables are converted before we
-                    let my_handle = a.clone();
+                    // convert `ret` as it may throw (for `Result`, for
-                    drop(Rc::into_raw(a));
+                    // example)
-                    let f: &Fn($($var),*) -> R = &**my_handle.get();
+                    let ret = {
-                    let mut _stack = GlobalStack::new();
+                        let a = Rc::from_raw(a);
-                    $(
+                        let my_handle = a.clone();
-                        let $var = <$var as FromWasmAbi>::from_abi($var, &mut _stack);
+                        drop(Rc::into_raw(a));
-                    )*
+                        let f: &Fn($($var),*) -> R = &**my_handle.get();
-                    f($($var),*).into_abi(&mut GlobalStack::new())
+                        let mut _stack = GlobalStack::new();
+                        $(
+                            let $var = <$var as FromWasmAbi>::from_abi($var, &mut _stack);
+                        )*
+                        f($($var),*)
+                    };
+                    ret.return_abi(&mut GlobalStack::new())
                 }
                 invoke::<$($var,)* R> as u32
             }
         }
-        // FnMut with no return
-        unsafe impl<$($var),*> WasmClosure for FnMut($($var),*)
-            where $($var: FromWasmAbi + 'static,)*
-        {
-            fn describe() {
-                <&mut Self>::describe();
-            }
 
-            fn invoke_fn() -> u32 {
-                #[allow(non_snake_case)]
-                unsafe extern fn invoke<$($var: FromWasmAbi,)*>(
-                    a: *const UnsafeCell<Box<FnMut($($var),*)>>,
-                    $($var: <$var as FromWasmAbi>::Abi),*
-                ) {
-                    if a.is_null() {
-                        throw("closure invoked recursively or destroyed already");
-                    }
-                    let a = Rc::from_raw(a);
-                    let my_handle = a.clone();
-                    drop(Rc::into_raw(a));
-                    let f: &mut FnMut($($var),*) = &mut **my_handle.get();
-                    let mut _stack = GlobalStack::new();
-                    $(
-                        let $var = <$var as FromWasmAbi>::from_abi($var, &mut _stack);
-                    )*
-                    f($($var),*)
-                }
-                invoke::<$($var,)*> as u32
-            }
-        }
-
-        // Fn with no return
         unsafe impl<$($var,)* R> WasmClosure for FnMut($($var),*) -> R
             where $($var: FromWasmAbi + 'static,)*
-                  R: IntoWasmAbi + 'static,
+                  R: ReturnWasmAbi + 'static,
         {
             fn describe() {
                 <&mut Self>::describe();
@@ -408,22 +351,28 @@ macro_rules! doit {
 
             fn invoke_fn() -> u32 {
                 #[allow(non_snake_case)]
-                unsafe extern fn invoke<$($var: FromWasmAbi,)* R: IntoWasmAbi>(
+                unsafe extern fn invoke<$($var: FromWasmAbi,)* R: ReturnWasmAbi>(
                     a: *const UnsafeCell<Box<FnMut($($var),*) -> R>>,
                     $($var: <$var as FromWasmAbi>::Abi),*
-                ) -> <R as IntoWasmAbi>::Abi {
+                ) -> <R as ReturnWasmAbi>::Abi {
                     if a.is_null() {
-                        throw("closure invoked recursively or destroyed already");
+                        throw_str("closure invoked recursively or destroyed already");
                     }
-                    let a = Rc::from_raw(a);
+                    // Make sure all stack variables are converted before we
-                    let my_handle = a.clone();
+                    // convert `ret` as it may throw (for `Result`, for
-                    drop(Rc::into_raw(a));
+                    // example)
-                    let f: &mut FnMut($($var),*) -> R = &mut **my_handle.get();
+                    let ret = {
-                    let mut _stack = GlobalStack::new();
+                        let a = Rc::from_raw(a);
-                    $(
+                        let my_handle = a.clone();
-                        let $var = <$var as FromWasmAbi>::from_abi($var, &mut _stack);
+                        drop(Rc::into_raw(a));
-                    )*
+                        let f: &mut FnMut($($var),*) -> R = &mut **my_handle.get();
-                    f($($var),*).into_abi(&mut GlobalStack::new())
+                        let mut _stack = GlobalStack::new();
+                        $(
+                            let $var = <$var as FromWasmAbi>::from_abi($var, &mut _stack);
+                        )*
+                        f($($var),*)
+                    };
+                    ret.return_abi(&mut GlobalStack::new())
                 }
                 invoke::<$($var,)* R> as u32
             }

src/convert/closures.rs

@@ -1,34 +1,37 @@
-#![allow(const_err)] // FIXME(rust-lang/rust#52603)
-
 use core::mem;
 
-use convert::{FromWasmAbi, IntoWasmAbi, GlobalStack, Stack};
+use convert::{FromWasmAbi, IntoWasmAbi, GlobalStack, Stack, ReturnWasmAbi};
-use throw;
+use throw_str;
 
 macro_rules! stack_closures {
     ($( ($($var:ident)*) )*) => ($(
         impl<'a, 'b, $($var,)* R> IntoWasmAbi for &'a (Fn($($var),*) -> R + 'b)
             where $($var: FromWasmAbi,)*
-                  R: IntoWasmAbi
+                  R: ReturnWasmAbi
         {
             type Abi = u32;
 
             fn into_abi(self, extra: &mut Stack) -> u32 {
                 #[allow(non_snake_case)]
-                unsafe extern fn invoke<$($var: FromWasmAbi,)* R: IntoWasmAbi>(
+                unsafe extern fn invoke<$($var: FromWasmAbi,)* R: ReturnWasmAbi>(
                     a: usize,
                     b: usize,
                     $($var: <$var as FromWasmAbi>::Abi),*
-                ) -> <R as IntoWasmAbi>::Abi {
+                ) -> <R as ReturnWasmAbi>::Abi {
                     if a == 0 {
-                        throw("closure invoked recursively or destroyed already");
+                        throw_str("closure invoked recursively or destroyed already");
                     }
-                    let f: &Fn($($var),*) -> R = mem::transmute((a, b));
+                    // Scope all local variables before we call `return_abi` to
-                    let mut _stack = GlobalStack::new();
+                    // ensure they're all destroyed as `return_abi` may throw
-                    $(
+                    let ret = {
-                        let $var = <$var as FromWasmAbi>::from_abi($var, &mut _stack);
+                        let f: &Fn($($var),*) -> R = mem::transmute((a, b));
-                    )*
+                        let mut _stack = GlobalStack::new();
-                    f($($var),*).into_abi(&mut GlobalStack::new())
+                        $(
+                            let $var = <$var as FromWasmAbi>::from_abi($var, &mut _stack);
+                        )*
+                        f($($var),*)
+                    };
+                    ret.return_abi(&mut GlobalStack::new())
                 }
                 unsafe {
                     let (a, b): (usize, usize) = mem::transmute(self);
@@ -39,59 +42,33 @@ macro_rules! stack_closures {
             }
         }
 
-        impl<'a, 'b, $($var,)*> IntoWasmAbi for &'a (Fn($($var),*) + 'b)
-            where $($var: FromWasmAbi,)*
-        {
-            type Abi = u32;
-
-            fn into_abi(self, extra: &mut Stack) -> u32 {
-                #[allow(non_snake_case)]
-                unsafe extern fn invoke<$($var: FromWasmAbi,)* >(
-                    a: usize,
-                    b: usize,
-                    $($var: <$var as FromWasmAbi>::Abi),*
-                ) {
-                    if a == 0 {
-                        throw("closure invoked recursively or destroyed already");
-                    }
-                    let f: &Fn($($var),*) = mem::transmute((a, b));
-                    let mut _stack = GlobalStack::new();
-                    $(
-                        let $var = <$var as FromWasmAbi>::from_abi($var, &mut _stack);
-                    )*
-                    f($($var),*)
-                }
-                unsafe {
-                    let (a, b): (usize, usize) = mem::transmute(self);
-                    extra.push(a as u32);
-                    extra.push(b as u32);
-                    invoke::<$($var,)*> as u32
-                }
-            }
-        }
-
         impl<'a, 'b, $($var,)* R> IntoWasmAbi for &'a mut (FnMut($($var),*) -> R + 'b)
             where $($var: FromWasmAbi,)*
-                  R: IntoWasmAbi
+                  R: ReturnWasmAbi
         {
             type Abi = u32;
 
             fn into_abi(self, extra: &mut Stack) -> u32 {
                 #[allow(non_snake_case)]
-                unsafe extern fn invoke<$($var: FromWasmAbi,)* R: IntoWasmAbi>(
+                unsafe extern fn invoke<$($var: FromWasmAbi,)* R: ReturnWasmAbi>(
                     a: usize,
                     b: usize,
                     $($var: <$var as FromWasmAbi>::Abi),*
-                ) -> <R as IntoWasmAbi>::Abi {
+                ) -> <R as ReturnWasmAbi>::Abi {
                     if a == 0 {
-                        throw("closure invoked recursively or destroyed already");
+                        throw_str("closure invoked recursively or destroyed already");
                     }
-                    let f: &mut FnMut($($var),*) -> R = mem::transmute((a, b));
+                    // Scope all local variables before we call `return_abi` to
-                    let mut _stack = GlobalStack::new();
+                    // ensure they're all destroyed as `return_abi` may throw
-                    $(
+                    let ret = {
-                        let $var = <$var as FromWasmAbi>::from_abi($var, &mut _stack);
+                        let f: &mut FnMut($($var),*) -> R = mem::transmute((a, b));
-                    )*
+                        let mut _stack = GlobalStack::new();
-                    f($($var),*).into_abi(&mut GlobalStack::new())
+                        $(
+                            let $var = <$var as FromWasmAbi>::from_abi($var, &mut _stack);
+                        )*
+                        f($($var),*)
+                    };
+                    ret.return_abi(&mut GlobalStack::new())
                 }
                 unsafe {
                     let (a, b): (usize, usize) = mem::transmute(self);
@@ -101,37 +78,6 @@ macro_rules! stack_closures {
                 }
             }
         }
-
-        impl<'a, 'b, $($var,)*> IntoWasmAbi for &'a mut (FnMut($($var),*) + 'b)
-            where $($var: FromWasmAbi,)*
-        {
-            type Abi = u32;
-
-            fn into_abi(self, extra: &mut Stack) -> u32 {
-                #[allow(non_snake_case)]
-                unsafe extern fn invoke<$($var: FromWasmAbi,)* >(
-                    a: usize,
-                    b: usize,
-                    $($var: <$var as FromWasmAbi>::Abi),*
-                ) {
-                    if a == 0 {
-                        throw("closure invoked recursively or destroyed already");
-                    }
-                    let f: &mut FnMut($($var),*) = mem::transmute((a, b));
-                    let mut _stack = GlobalStack::new();
-                    $(
-                        let $var = <$var as FromWasmAbi>::from_abi($var, &mut _stack);
-                    )*
-                    f($($var),*)
-                }
-                unsafe {
-                    let (a, b): (usize, usize) = mem::transmute(self);
-                    extra.push(a as u32);
-                    extra.push(b as u32);
-                    invoke::<$($var,)*> as u32
-                }
-            }
-        }
     )*)
 }
 

src/convert/impls.rs

@@ -2,10 +2,12 @@ use core::char;
 use core::mem::{self, ManuallyDrop};
 
 use convert::{Stack, FromWasmAbi, IntoWasmAbi, RefFromWasmAbi};
-use convert::{OptionIntoWasmAbi, OptionFromWasmAbi};
+use convert::{OptionIntoWasmAbi, OptionFromWasmAbi, ReturnWasmAbi};
 use convert::traits::WasmAbi;
 use JsValue;
 
+unsafe impl WasmAbi for () {}
+
 #[repr(C)]
 pub struct WasmOptionalI32 {
     pub present: u32,
@@ -370,3 +372,22 @@ impl<T: OptionFromWasmAbi> FromWasmAbi for Option<T> {
         }
     }
 }
+
+impl IntoWasmAbi for () {
+    type Abi = ();
+
+    fn into_abi(self, _extra: &mut Stack) -> () {
+        self
+    }
+}
+
+impl<T: IntoWasmAbi> ReturnWasmAbi for Result<T, JsValue> {
+    type Abi = T::Abi;
+
+    fn return_abi(self, extra: &mut Stack) -> Self::Abi {
+        match self {
+            Ok(v) => v.into_abi(extra),
+            Err(e) => ::throw_val(e),
+        }
+    }
+}

src/convert/traits.rs

@@ -106,3 +106,26 @@ unsafe impl WasmAbi for u32 {}
 unsafe impl WasmAbi for i32 {}
 unsafe impl WasmAbi for f32 {}
 unsafe impl WasmAbi for f64 {}
+
+/// A trait representing how to interepret the return value of a function for
+/// the wasm ABI.
+///
+/// This is very similar to the `IntoWasmAbi` trait and in fact has a blanket
+/// implementation for all implementors of the `IntoWasmAbi`. The primary use
+/// case of this trait is to enable functions to return `Result`, interpreting
+/// an error as "rethrow this to JS"
+pub trait ReturnWasmAbi: WasmDescribe {
+    /// Same as `IntoWasmAbi::Abi`
+    type Abi: WasmAbi;
+
+    /// Same as `IntoWasmAbi::into_abi`, except that it may throw and never
+    /// return in the case of `Err`.
+    fn return_abi(self, extra: &mut Stack) -> Self::Abi;
+}
+
+impl<T: IntoWasmAbi> ReturnWasmAbi for T {
+    type Abi = T::Abi;
+    fn return_abi(self, extra: &mut Stack) -> Self::Abi {
+        self.into_abi(extra)
+    }
+}

src/describe.rs

@@ -39,6 +39,7 @@ tys! {
     RUST_STRUCT
     CHAR
     OPTIONAL
+    UNIT
 }
 
 #[inline(always)] // see `interpret.rs` in the the cli-support crate
@@ -152,22 +153,10 @@ macro_rules! doit {
                 inform(FUNCTION);
                 inform(cnt!($($var)*));
                 $(<$var as WasmDescribe>::describe();)*
-                inform(1);
                 <R as WasmDescribe>::describe();
             }
         }
 
-        impl<'a, $($var,)* > WasmDescribe for Fn($($var),*) + 'a
-            where $($var: WasmDescribe,)*
-        {
-            fn describe() {
-                inform(FUNCTION);
-                inform(cnt!($($var)*));
-                $(<$var as WasmDescribe>::describe();)*
-                inform(0);
-            }
-        }
-
         impl<'a, $($var,)* R> WasmDescribe for FnMut($($var),*) -> R + 'a
             where $($var: WasmDescribe,)*
                   R: WasmDescribe
@@ -176,21 +165,9 @@ macro_rules! doit {
                 inform(FUNCTION);
                 inform(cnt!($($var)*));
                 $(<$var as WasmDescribe>::describe();)*
-                inform(1);
                 <R as WasmDescribe>::describe();
             }
         }
-
-        impl<'a, $($var,)* > WasmDescribe for FnMut($($var),*) + 'a
-            where $($var: WasmDescribe,)*
-        {
-            fn describe() {
-                inform(FUNCTION);
-                inform(cnt!($($var)*));
-                $(<$var as WasmDescribe>::describe();)*
-                inform(0);
-            }
-        }
     )*)
 }
 
@@ -211,3 +188,17 @@ impl<T: WasmDescribe> WasmDescribe for Option<T> {
         T::describe();
     }
 }
+
+impl WasmDescribe for () {
+    fn describe() {
+        inform(UNIT)
+    }
+}
+
+// Note that this is only for `ReturnWasmAbi for Result<T, JsValue>`, which
+// throws the result, so we only need to inform about the `T`.
+impl<T: WasmDescribe> WasmDescribe for Result<T, JsValue> {
+    fn describe() {
+        T::describe()
+    }
+}

src/lib.rs

@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ extern crate wasm_bindgen_macro;
 
 use core::cell::UnsafeCell;
 use core::fmt;
+use core::mem;
 use core::ops::Deref;
 use core::ptr;
 
@@ -428,6 +429,7 @@ externs! {
     fn __wbindgen_is_string(idx: u32) -> u32;
     fn __wbindgen_string_get(idx: u32, len: *mut usize) -> *mut u8;
     fn __wbindgen_throw(a: *const u8, b: usize) -> !;
+    fn __wbindgen_rethrow(a: u32) -> !;
 
     fn __wbindgen_cb_drop(idx: u32) -> ();
     fn __wbindgen_cb_forget(idx: u32) -> ();
@@ -552,19 +554,53 @@ impl<T: FromWasmAbi + 'static> Deref for JsStatic<T> {
     }
 }
 
+#[cold]
+#[inline(never)]
+#[deprecated(note = "renamed to `throw_str`")]
+#[doc(hidden)]
+pub fn throw(s: &str) -> ! {
+    throw_str(s)
+}
+
+
 /// Throws a JS exception.
 ///
 /// This function will throw a JS exception with the message provided. The
 /// function will not return as the wasm stack will be popped when the exception
 /// is thrown.
+///
+/// Note that it is very easy to leak memory with this function because this
+/// function, unlike `panic!` on other platforms, **will not run destructors**.
+/// It's recommended to return a `Result` where possible to avoid the worry of
+/// leaks.
 #[cold]
 #[inline(never)]
-pub fn throw(s: &str) -> ! {
+pub fn throw_str(s: &str) -> ! {
     unsafe {
         __wbindgen_throw(s.as_ptr(), s.len());
     }
 }
 
+/// Rethrow a JS exception
+///
+/// This function will throw a JS exception with the JS value provided. This
+/// function will not return and the wasm stack will be popped until the point
+/// of entry of wasm itself.
+///
+/// Note that it is very easy to leak memory with this function because this
+/// function, unlike `panic!` on other platforms, **will not run destructors**.
+/// It's recommended to return a `Result` where possible to avoid the worry of
+/// leaks.
+#[cold]
+#[inline(never)]
+pub fn throw_val(s: JsValue) -> ! {
+    unsafe {
+        let idx = s.idx;
+        mem::forget(s);
+        __wbindgen_rethrow(idx);
+    }
+}
+
 /// Returns a handle to this wasm instance's `WebAssembly.Memory`
 pub fn memory() -> JsValue {
     unsafe {
@@ -604,7 +640,7 @@ pub mod __rt {
     #[cold]
     #[inline(never)]
     fn throw_null() -> ! {
-        super::throw("null pointer passed to rust");
+        super::throw_str("null pointer passed to rust");
     }
 
     /// A vendored version of `RefCell` from the standard library.
@@ -726,7 +762,7 @@ pub mod __rt {
     }
 
     fn borrow_fail() -> ! {
-        super::throw(
+        super::throw_str(
             "recursive use of an object detected which would lead to \
              unsafe aliasing in rust",
         );
@@ -748,7 +784,7 @@ pub mod __rt {
                 }
             }
 
-            super::throw("invalid malloc request");
+            super::throw_str("invalid malloc request");
         }
 
         #[no_mangle]

tests/wasm/main.rs

@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@ pub mod math;
 pub mod node;
 pub mod option;
 pub mod optional_primitives;
+pub mod rethrow;
 pub mod simple;
 pub mod slice;
 pub mod structural;

tests/wasm/rethrow.js

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+const wasm = require('wasm-bindgen-test.js');
+const assert = require('assert');
+
+exports.call_throw_one = function() {
+  try {
+    wasm.throw_one();
+  } catch (e) {
+    assert.strictEqual(e, 1);
+  }
+};
+
+exports.call_ok = function() {
+  wasm.nothrow();
+};

tests/wasm/rethrow.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+use wasm_bindgen_test::*;
+use wasm_bindgen::prelude::*;
+
+#[wasm_bindgen(module = "tests/wasm/rethrow.js")]
+extern {
+    fn call_throw_one();
+    fn call_ok();
+}
+
+#[wasm_bindgen_test]
+fn err_works() {
+    call_throw_one();
+}
+
+#[wasm_bindgen]
+pub fn throw_one() -> Result<u32, JsValue> {
+    Err(1.into())
+}
+
+#[wasm_bindgen_test]
+fn ok_works() {
+    call_ok();
+}
+
+#[wasm_bindgen]
+pub fn nothrow() -> Result<u32, JsValue> {
+    Ok(1)
+}