wasm-bindgen/src/closure.rs
2018-12-30 10:14:07 +01:00

418 lines
15 KiB
Rust

//! Support for long-lived closures in `wasm-bindgen`
//!
//! This module defines the `Closure` type which is used to pass "owned
//! closures" from Rust to JS. Some more details can be found on the `Closure`
//! type itself.
#[cfg(feature = "nightly")]
use std::marker::Unsize;
use std::mem::{self, ManuallyDrop};
use std::prelude::v1::*;
use JsValue;
use convert::*;
use describe::*;
use throw_str;
/// A handle to both a closure in Rust as well as JS closure which will invoke
/// the Rust closure.
///
/// A `Closure` is the primary way that a `'static` lifetime closure is
/// transferred from Rust to JS. `Closure` currently requires that the closures
/// it's created with have the `'static` lifetime in Rust for soundness reasons.
///
/// This type is a "handle" in the sense that whenever it is dropped it will
/// invalidate the JS closure that it refers to. Any usage of the closure in JS
/// after the `Closure` has been dropped will raise an exception. It's then up
/// to you to arrange for `Closure` to be properly deallocate at an appropriate
/// location in your program.
///
/// The type parameter on `Closure` is the type of closure that this represents.
/// Currently this can only be the `Fn` and `FnMut` traits with up to 7
/// arguments (and an optional return value). The arguments/return value of the
/// trait must be numbers like `u32` for now, although this restriction may be
/// lifted in the future!
///
/// # Example
///
/// Sample usage of `Closure` to invoke the `setTimeout` API.
///
/// ```rust,no_run
/// #[wasm_bindgen]
/// extern "C" {
/// fn setTimeout(closure: &Closure<FnMut()>, time: u32);
///
/// #[wasm_bindgen(js_namespace = console)]
/// fn log(s: &str);
/// }
///
/// #[wasm_bindgen]
/// pub struct ClosureHandle(Closure<FnMut()>);
///
/// #[wasm_bindgen]
/// pub fn run() -> ClosureHandle {
/// // First up we use `Closure::wrap` to wrap up a Rust closure and create
/// // a JS closure.
/// let cb = Closure::wrap(Box::new(move || {
/// log("timeout elapsed!");
/// }) as Box<FnMut()>);
///
/// // Next we pass this via reference to the `setTimeout` function, and
/// // `setTimeout` gets a handle to the corresponding JS closure.
/// setTimeout(&cb, 1_000);
///
/// // If we were to drop `cb` here it would cause an exception to be raised
/// // when the timeout elapses. Instead we *return* our handle back to JS
/// // so JS can tell us later when it would like to deallocate this handle.
/// ClosureHandle(cb)
/// }
/// ```
///
/// Sample usage of the same example as above except using `web_sys` instead
///
/// ```rust,no_run
/// extern crate wasm_bindgen;
/// extern crate web_sys;
///
/// use wasm_bindgen::JsCast;
///
/// #[wasm_bindgen]
/// pub struct ClosureHandle(Closure<FnMut()>);
///
/// #[wasm_bindgen]
/// pub fn run() -> ClosureHandle {
/// let cb = Closure::wrap(Box::new(move || {
/// web_sys::console::log_1(&"timeout elapsed!".into());
/// }) as Box<FnMut()>);
///
/// let window = web_sys::window().unwrap();
/// window.set_timeout_with_callback_and_timeout_and_arguments_0(
/// // Note this method call, which uses `as_ref()` to get a `JsValue`
/// // from our `Closure` which is then converted to a `&Function`
/// // using the `JsCast::unchecked_ref` function.
/// cb.as_ref().unchecked_ref(),
/// 1_000,
/// );
///
/// // same as above
/// ClosureHandle(cb)
/// }
/// ```
pub struct Closure<T: ?Sized> {
js: ManuallyDrop<JsValue>,
data: ManuallyDrop<Box<T>>,
}
union FatPtr<T: ?Sized> {
ptr: *mut T,
fields: (usize, usize),
}
impl<T> Closure<T>
where T: ?Sized + WasmClosure,
{
/// Creates a new instance of `Closure` from the provided Rust closure.
///
/// Note that the closure provided here, `F`, has a few requirements
/// associated with it:
///
/// * It must implement `Fn` or `FnMut`
/// * It must be `'static`, aka no stack references (use the `move` keyword)
/// * It can have at most 7 arguments
/// * Its arguments and return values are all wasm types like u32/f64.
///
/// This is unfortunately pretty restrictive for now but hopefully some of
/// these restrictions can be lifted in the future!
///
/// *This method requires the `nightly` feature of the `wasm-bindgen` crate
/// to be enabled, meaning this is a nightly-only API. Users on stable
/// should use `Closure::wrap`.*
#[cfg(feature = "nightly")]
pub fn new<F>(t: F) -> Closure<T>
where F: Unsize<T> + 'static
{
Closure::wrap(Box::new(t) as Box<T>)
}
/// A mostly internal function to wrap a boxed closure inside a `Closure`
/// type.
///
/// This is the function where the JS closure is manufactured.
pub fn wrap(mut data: Box<T>) -> Closure<T> {
assert_eq!(mem::size_of::<*const T>(), mem::size_of::<FatPtr<T>>());
let (a, b) = unsafe {
FatPtr { ptr: &mut *data as *mut T }.fields
};
// Here we need to create a `JsValue` with the data and `T::invoke()`
// function pointer. To do that we... take a few unconventional turns.
// In essence what happens here is this:
//
// 1. First up, below we call a function, `breaks_if_inlined`. This
// function, as the name implies, does not work if it's inlined.
// More on that in a moment.
// 2. This function internally calls a special import recognized by the
// `wasm-bindgen` CLI tool, `__wbindgen_describe_closure`. This
// imported symbol is similar to `__wbindgen_describe` in that it's
// not intended to show up in the final binary but it's an
// intermediate state for a `wasm-bindgen` binary.
// 3. The `__wbindgen_describe_closure` import is namely passed a
// descriptor function, monomorphized for each invocation.
//
// Most of this doesn't actually make sense to happen at runtime! The
// real magic happens when `wasm-bindgen` comes along and updates our
// generated code. When `wasm-bindgen` runs it performs a few tasks:
//
// * First, it finds all functions that call
// `__wbindgen_describe_closure`. These are all `breaks_if_inlined`
// defined below as the symbol isn't called anywhere else.
// * Next, `wasm-bindgen` executes the `breaks_if_inlined`
// monomorphized functions, passing it dummy arguments. This will
// execute the function just enough to invoke the special import,
// namely telling us about the function pointer that is the describe
// shim.
// * This knowledge is then used to actually find the descriptor in the
// function table which is then executed to figure out the signature
// of the closure.
// * Finally, and probably most heinously, the call to
// `breaks_if_inlined` is rewritten to call an otherwise globally
// imported function. This globally imported function will generate
// the `JsValue` for this closure specialized for the signature in
// question.
//
// Later on `wasm-gc` will clean up all the dead code and ensure that
// we don't actually call `__wbindgen_describe_closure` at runtime. This
// means we will end up not actually calling `breaks_if_inlined` in the
// final binary, all calls to that function should be pruned.
//
// See crates/cli-support/src/js/closures.rs for a more information
// about what's going on here.
extern "C" fn describe<T: WasmClosure + ?Sized>() {
inform(CLOSURE);
T::describe()
}
#[inline(never)]
unsafe fn breaks_if_inlined<T: WasmClosure + ?Sized>(
a: usize,
b: usize,
) -> u32 {
super::__wbindgen_describe_closure(
a as u32,
b as u32,
describe::<T> as u32,
)
}
let idx = unsafe {
breaks_if_inlined::<T>(a, b)
};
Closure {
js: ManuallyDrop::new(JsValue::_new(idx)),
data: ManuallyDrop::new(data),
}
}
/// Leaks this `Closure` to ensure it remains valid for the duration of the
/// entire program.
///
/// > **Note**: this function will leak memory. It should be used sparingly
/// > to ensure the memory leak doesn't affect the program too much.
///
/// When a `Closure` is dropped it will invalidate the associated JS
/// closure, but this isn't always desired. Some callbacks are alive for
/// the entire duration of the program, so this can be used to conveniently
/// leak this instance of `Closure` while performing as much internal
/// cleanup as it can.
pub fn forget(self) {
unsafe {
super::__wbindgen_cb_forget(self.js.idx);
mem::forget(self);
}
}
}
impl<T: ?Sized> AsRef<JsValue> for Closure<T> {
fn as_ref(&self) -> &JsValue {
&self.js
}
}
impl<T> WasmDescribe for Closure<T>
where T: WasmClosure + ?Sized,
{
fn describe() {
inform(ANYREF);
}
}
// `Closure` can only be passed by reference to imports.
impl<'a, T> IntoWasmAbi for &'a Closure<T>
where T: WasmClosure + ?Sized,
{
type Abi = u32;
fn into_abi(self, extra: &mut Stack) -> u32 {
(&*self.js).into_abi(extra)
}
}
fn _check() {
fn _assert<T: IntoWasmAbi>() {}
_assert::<&Closure<Fn()>>();
_assert::<&Closure<Fn(String)>>();
_assert::<&Closure<Fn() -> String>>();
_assert::<&Closure<FnMut()>>();
_assert::<&Closure<FnMut(String)>>();
_assert::<&Closure<FnMut() -> String>>();
}
impl<T> Drop for Closure<T>
where T: ?Sized,
{
fn drop(&mut self) {
unsafe {
// this will implicitly drop our strong reference in addition to
// invalidating all future invocations of the closure
if super::__wbindgen_cb_drop(self.js.idx) != 0 {
ManuallyDrop::drop(&mut self.data);
}
}
}
}
/// An internal trait for the `Closure` type.
///
/// This trait is not stable and it's not recommended to use this in bounds or
/// implement yourself.
#[doc(hidden)]
pub unsafe trait WasmClosure: 'static {
fn describe();
}
// The memory safety here in these implementations below is a bit tricky. We
// want to be able to drop the `Closure` object from within the invocation of a
// `Closure` for cases like promises. That means that while it's running we
// might drop the `Closure`, but that shouldn't invalidate the environment yet.
//
// Instead what we do is to wrap closures in `Rc` variables. The main `Closure`
// has a strong reference count which keeps the trait object alive. Each
// invocation of a closure then *also* clones this and gets a new reference
// count. When the closure returns it will release the reference count.
//
// This means that if the main `Closure` is dropped while it's being invoked
// then destruction is deferred until execution returns. Otherwise it'll
// deallocate data immediately.
macro_rules! doit {
($(
($($var:ident)*)
)*) => ($(
unsafe impl<$($var,)* R> WasmClosure for Fn($($var),*) -> R
where $($var: FromWasmAbi + 'static,)*
R: ReturnWasmAbi + 'static,
{
fn describe() {
#[allow(non_snake_case)]
unsafe extern "C" fn invoke<$($var: FromWasmAbi,)* R: ReturnWasmAbi>(
a: usize,
b: usize,
$($var: <$var as FromWasmAbi>::Abi),*
) -> <R as ReturnWasmAbi>::Abi {
if a == 0 {
throw_str("closure invoked recursively or destroyed already");
}
// Make sure all stack variables are converted before we
// convert `ret` as it may throw (for `Result`, for
// example)
let ret = {
let f: *const Fn($($var),*) -> R =
FatPtr { fields: (a, b) }.ptr;
let mut _stack = GlobalStack::new();
$(
let $var = <$var as FromWasmAbi>::from_abi($var, &mut _stack);
)*
(*f)($($var),*)
};
ret.return_abi(&mut GlobalStack::new())
}
inform(invoke::<$($var,)* R> as u32);
unsafe extern fn destroy<$($var: FromWasmAbi,)* R: ReturnWasmAbi>(
a: usize,
b: usize,
) {
debug_assert!(a != 0);
drop(Box::from_raw(FatPtr::<Fn($($var,)*) -> R> {
fields: (a, b)
}.ptr));
}
inform(destroy::<$($var,)* R> as u32);
<&Self>::describe();
}
}
unsafe impl<$($var,)* R> WasmClosure for FnMut($($var),*) -> R
where $($var: FromWasmAbi + 'static,)*
R: ReturnWasmAbi + 'static,
{
fn describe() {
#[allow(non_snake_case)]
unsafe extern "C" fn invoke<$($var: FromWasmAbi,)* R: ReturnWasmAbi>(
a: usize,
b: usize,
$($var: <$var as FromWasmAbi>::Abi),*
) -> <R as ReturnWasmAbi>::Abi {
if a == 0 {
throw_str("closure invoked recursively or destroyed already");
}
// Make sure all stack variables are converted before we
// convert `ret` as it may throw (for `Result`, for
// example)
let ret = {
let f: *const FnMut($($var),*) -> R =
FatPtr { fields: (a, b) }.ptr;
let f = f as *mut FnMut($($var),*) -> R;
let mut _stack = GlobalStack::new();
$(
let $var = <$var as FromWasmAbi>::from_abi($var, &mut _stack);
)*
(*f)($($var),*)
};
ret.return_abi(&mut GlobalStack::new())
}
inform(invoke::<$($var,)* R> as u32);
unsafe extern fn destroy<$($var: FromWasmAbi,)* R: ReturnWasmAbi>(
a: usize,
b: usize,
) {
debug_assert!(a != 0);
drop(Box::from_raw(FatPtr::<FnMut($($var,)*) -> R> {
fields: (a, b)
}.ptr));
}
inform(destroy::<$($var,)* R> as u32);
<&mut Self>::describe();
}
}
)*)
}
doit! {
()
(A)
(A B)
(A B C)
(A B C D)
(A B C D E)
(A B C D E F)
(A B C D E F G)
}