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Update cabal section
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sdiehl
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18
deploy.sh
18
deploy.sh
@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
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rsync css/style.css ec2:~
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ssh ec2 'sudo mv style.css /srv/http/hask/css/style.css'
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#rsync css/style.css ec2:~
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#ssh ec2 'sudo mv style.css /srv/http/hask/css/style.css'
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#
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#rsync css/layout.css ec2:~
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#ssh ec2 'sudo mv layout.css /srv/http/hask/css/layout.css'
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#
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#rsync js/nav.js ec2:~
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#ssh ec2 'sudo mv nav.js /srv/http/hask/nav.js'
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rsync css/layout.css ec2:~
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ssh ec2 'sudo mv layout.css /srv/http/hask/css/layout.css'
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rsync js/nav.js ec2:~
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ssh ec2 'sudo mv nav.js /srv/http/hask/nav.js'
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rsync tutorial.html ec2:~
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rsync --progress tutorial.html ec2:~
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ssh ec2 'sudo mv tutorial.html /srv/http/hask/index.html'
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281
tutorial.md
281
tutorial.md
@ -24,156 +24,15 @@ PDF Version
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**[PDF Version](http://dev.stephendiehl.com/hask/tutorial.pdf)**
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Changelog
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---------
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**2.4**
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* Alternate Preludes (Updated)
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* NumDecimals extension
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* utf8-string
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* foundation
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* base64-bytestring
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* safe-exceptions
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* recrusion-schemes (Updated)
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* Data types a la carte
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* Coercible
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* generics-sop
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* Z3
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* Time complexity for data structures
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* Fingertree
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* Vault
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* Cryptography section
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* cryptonite
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* entropy
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* memory
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* Compression section
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* lz4
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* zlib
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* Date & Time section
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* hourglass
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* Servant
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* Names for Free
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* Abstract Binding Trees
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* de Bruijn Indices
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* wl-pprint-text (Updated)
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* pretty-show
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* Adjunctions
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* Cartesian Closed Categories
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* Monoidal Categories
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* New langauge comparisons (Koitlin, Lua, etc)
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**2.3**
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* Stack
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* Stackage
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* ghcid
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* Nix (Removed)
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* Aeson (Updated)
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* Language Extensions (Updated)
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* Type Holes (Updated)
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* Partial Type Signatures
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* Pattern Synonyms (Updated)
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* Unboxed Types (Updated)
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* Vim Integration (Updated)
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* Emacs Integration (Updated)
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* Strict Language Extension
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* Injective Type Families
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* Custom Type Errors
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* Language Comparisons
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* Recursive Do
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* Applicative Do
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* LiquidHaskell
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* Cpp
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* Minimal Pragma
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* Typeclass Extensions
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* ExtendedDefaultRules
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* mmorph
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* integer-gmp
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* Static Pointers
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* spoon
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* monad-control
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* monad-base
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* postgresql-simple
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* hedis
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* happy/alex
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* configurator
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* string-conv
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* resource-pool
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* resourcet
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* optparse-applicative
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* hastache
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* silently
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* Mulitiline Strings
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* git-embed
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* Coercible
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* -fdefer-type-errors
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**2.2**
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Sections that have had been added or seen large changes:
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* Irrefutable Patterns
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* Hackage
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* Exhaustiveness
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* Stacktraces
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* Laziness
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* Skolem Capture
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* Foreign Function Pointers
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* Attoparsec Parser
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* Inline Cmm
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* PrimMonad
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* Specialization
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* unbound-generics
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* Editor Integration
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* EKG
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* Nix
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* Haddock
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* Corecursion
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* Category
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* Arrows
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* Bifunctors
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* ExceptT
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* hint / mueval
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* Roles
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* Higher Kinds
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* Kind Polymorphism
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* Numeric Tower
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* SAT Solvers
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* Graph
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* Sparks
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* Threadscope
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* Generic Parsers
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* GHC Block Diagram
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* GHC Debug Flags
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* Core
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* Inliner
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* Unboxed Types
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* Runtime Memory Representation
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* ghc-heapview
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* STG
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* Worker/Wrapper
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* Z-Encoding
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* Cmm
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* Runtime Optimizations
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* RTS Profiling
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* Algebraic Relations
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<hr/>
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Basics
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======
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Cabal
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-----
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<div class="alert alert-success">
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Historically Cabal had a component known as ``cabal-install`` that has largely been
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replaced by [Stack](#stack). The following use of Cabal sandboxes is left for
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historical reasons and can often be replaced by modern tools.
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</div>
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[Cabal](https://www.haskell.org/cabal/) is the build system for Haskell.
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[Cabal](https://www.haskell.org/cabal/) is the build system for Haskell. Cabal
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is also the standard build tool for Haskell source supported by GHC. Cabal can
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be used simultaneously with Stack or standalone with cabal new-build.
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For example, to install the [parsec](http://hackage.haskell.org/package/parsec)
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package to your system from [Hackage](#hackage), the upstream source of Haskell
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@ -211,34 +70,6 @@ $ cabal configure
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A ``.cabal`` file will be created with the configuration options for our new
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project.
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The latest feature of ``cabal`` is the addition of
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[Sandboxes](http://coldwa.st/e/blog/2013-08-20-Cabal-sandbox.html), ( in
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cabal > 1.18 ) which are self contained environments of Haskell packages
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separate from the global package index stored in the ``./.cabal-sandbox`` of our
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project's root. To create a new ``sandbox`` for our ``cabal`` project, run:
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```bash
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$ cabal sandbox init
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```
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Additionally, the ``sandbox`` can be torn down:
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```bash
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$ cabal sandbox delete
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```
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When in the working directory of a project with a ``sandbox`` that has a configuration
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already set up, invoking ``cabal`` commands alters the behaviour of cabal itself. For
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instance, the ``cabal install`` command will alter only the install to the local
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package index, not the global configuration.
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To install the dependencies from the ``.cabal`` file into the newly created
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``sandbox``, run:
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```bash
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$ cabal install --only-dependencies
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```
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Dependencies can also be built in parallel by passing ``-j<n>`` where ``n`` is
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the number of concurrent builds.
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@ -303,14 +134,14 @@ Test-Suite test
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mylibrary == 0.1
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```
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To run an "executable" for a project under the ``cabal`` ``sandbox``:
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To run an "executable" for a project under the ``cabal``.
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```bash
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$ cabal run
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$ cabal run <name> # when there are several executables in a project
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```
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To load the "library" into a [GHCi](#ghci) shell under ``cabal`` ``sandbox``:
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To load the "library" into a [GHCi](#ghci) shell under ``cabal``.
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```bash
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$ cabal repl
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@ -340,10 +171,9 @@ $ cabal test <name>
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```
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Moreover, arbitrary shell commands can be invoked with the
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[GHC](https://www.haskell.org/ghc/) environmental variables set up for the
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``sandbox``. Quite common is to invoke a new shell with this command such that
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the ``ghc`` and ``ghci`` commands use the ``sandbox``. ( They don't by default,
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which is a common source of frustration. ).
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[GHC](https://www.haskell.org/ghc/) environmental variables set up command.
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Quite common is to invoke a new shell with this command such that
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the ``ghc`` and ``ghci`` commands use the package environment.
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```bash
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$ cabal exec
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@ -390,44 +220,8 @@ constraints: mtl ==2.2.1,
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transformers ==0.4.1.0
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```
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Using the ``cabal repl`` and ``cabal run`` commands is preferable, but sometimes
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we'd like to manually perform their equivalents at the shell. Several useful
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aliases rely on shell directory expansion to find the package database in the
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current working directory and launch GHC with the appropriate flags:
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```bash
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alias ghc-sandbox="ghc -no-user-package-db -package-db .cabal-sandbox/*-packages.conf.d"
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alias ghci-sandbox="ghci -no-user-package-db -package-db .cabal-sandbox/*-packages.conf.d"
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alias runhaskell-sandbox="runhaskell -no-user-package-db -package-db .cabal-sandbox/*-packages.conf.d"
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```
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There is also a zsh script to show the sandbox status of the current working
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directory in our shell:
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```bash
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function cabal_sandbox_info() {
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cabal_files=(*.cabal(N))
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if [ $#cabal_files -gt 0 ]; then
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if [ -f cabal.sandbox.config ]; then
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echo "%{$fg[green]%}sandboxed%{$reset_color%}"
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else
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echo "%{$fg[red]%}not sandboxed%{$reset_color%}"
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fi
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fi
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}
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RPROMPT="\$(cabal_sandbox_info) $RPROMPT"
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```
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The ``cabal`` configuration is stored in ``$HOME/.cabal/config`` and contains
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various options including credential information for Hackage upload. One
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addition to configuration is to completely disallow the installation of packages
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outside of sandboxes to prevent accidental collisions.
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```perl
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-- Don't allow global install of packages.
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require-sandbox: True
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```
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various options including credential information for Hackage upload.
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A library can also be compiled with runtime profiling information enabled. More
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on this is discussed in the section on [Concurrency](#concurrency) and
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@ -451,21 +245,38 @@ libraries should be available at this local link:
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[/usr/share/doc/ghc-doc/html/libraries/index.html](file:///usr/share/doc/ghc-doc/html/libraries/index.html)
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See:
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* [An Introduction to Cabal Sandboxes](http://coldwa.st/e/blog/2013-08-20-Cabal-sandbox.html)
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* [Storage and Identification of Cabalized Packages](http://www.vex.net/~trebla/haskell/sicp.xhtml)
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* [Cabal User Guide](https://www.haskell.org/cabal/users-guide/)
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Cabal New-Build
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---------------
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```perl
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new-build Compile targets within the project.
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new-configure Add extra project configuration
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new-repl Open an interactive session for the given component.
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new-run Run an executable.
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new-test Run test-suites
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new-bench Run benchmarks
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new-freeze Freeze dependencies.
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new-haddock Build Haddock documentation
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new-exec Give a command access to the store.
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new-update Updates list of known packages.
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new-install Install packages.
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new-clean Clean the package store and remove temporary files.
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new-sdist Generate a source distribution file (.tar.gz).
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```
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Stack
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-----
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[Stack](http://docs.haskellstack.org/en/stable/README/) is a new approach to
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Haskell package structure that emerged in 2015. Instead of using a rolling
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build like ``cabal-install``, ``stack`` breaks up sets of packages into
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release blocks that guarantee internal compatibility between sets of packages.
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The package solver for ``stack`` uses a different, more robust strategy for
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resolving dependencies than ``cabal-install`` has historically used.
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Haskell package structure that emerged in 2015. Instead of using a rolling build
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like ``cabal-install``, ``stack`` breaks up sets of packages into release
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blocks that guarantee internal compatibility between sets of packages. The
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package solver for ``stack`` uses a different strategy for resolving
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dependencies than ``cabal-install`` has historically used.
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<div class="alert alert-success">
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Contrary to much misinformation, **Stack does not replace [Cabal](#cabal) as
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@ -479,12 +290,10 @@ resolution of their dependencies.
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#### Install
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To install ``stack`` on Ubuntu Linux, run:
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To install ``stack`` on Linux, run:
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```bash
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sudo apt-key adv --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys 575159689BEFB442 # get fp complete key
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echo 'deb http://download.fpcomplete.com/ubuntu trusty main'|sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/fpco.list # add appropriate source repo
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sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install stack -y
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curl -sSL https://get.haskellstack.org/ | sh
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```
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For other operating systems, see [the official install
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@ -8247,15 +8056,6 @@ See:
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* [cvc4](http://cvc4.cs.nyu.edu/web/)
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* [z3](http://z3.codeplex.com/)
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Z3
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--
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TODO
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See: [z3](https://hackage.haskell.org/package/z3)
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</hr>
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Data Structures
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===============
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@ -8564,15 +8364,6 @@ TODO
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See: [fingertree](https://hackage.haskell.org/package/fingertree)
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Vault
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-----
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TODO
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See: [vault](https://hackage.haskell.org/package/vault)
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<hr/>
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FFI
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===
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