hledger/hledger-lib/Hledger/Data/Transaction.hs

{-|

A 'Transaction' represents a movement of some commodity(ies) between two
or more accounts. It consists of multiple account 'Posting's which balance
to zero, a date, and optional extras like description, cleared status, and
tags.

-}

module Hledger.Data.Transaction (
  -- * Transaction
  nullsourcepos,
  nulltransaction,
  txnTieKnot,
  -- settxn,
  -- * operations
  showAccountName,
  hasRealPostings,
  realPostings,
  virtualPostings,
  balancedVirtualPostings,
  transactionsPostings,
  isTransactionBalanced,
  -- nonzerobalanceerror,
  -- * date operations
  transactionDate2,
  -- * arithmetic
  transactionPostingBalances,
  balanceTransaction,
  -- * rendering
  showTransaction,
  showTransactionUnelided,
  -- * misc.
  tests_Hledger_Data_Transaction
)
where
import Data.List
import Data.Maybe
import Data.Time.Calendar
import Test.HUnit
import Text.Printf
import qualified Data.Map as Map
import Text.Parsec.Pos

import Hledger.Utils
import Hledger.Data.Types
import Hledger.Data.Dates
import Hledger.Data.Posting
import Hledger.Data.Amount

instance Show Transaction where show = showTransactionUnelided

instance Show ModifierTransaction where
    show t = "= " ++ mtvalueexpr t ++ "\n" ++ unlines (map show (mtpostings t))

instance Show PeriodicTransaction where
    show t = "~ " ++ ptperiodicexpr t ++ "\n" ++ unlines (map show (ptpostings t))

nullsourcepos :: SourcePos
nullsourcepos = initialPos ""

nulltransaction :: Transaction
nulltransaction = Transaction {
                    tsourcepos=nullsourcepos,
                    tdate=nulldate,
                    tdate2=Nothing,
                    tstatus=Uncleared,
                    tcode="",
                    tdescription="",
                    tcomment="",
                    ttags=[],
                    tpostings=[],
                    tpreceding_comment_lines=""
                  }

{-|
Show a journal transaction, formatted for the print command. ledger 2.x's
standard format looks like this:

@
yyyy/mm/dd[ *][ CODE] description.........          [  ; comment...............]
    account name 1.....................  ...$amount1[  ; comment...............]
    account name 2.....................  ..$-amount1[  ; comment...............]

pcodewidth    = no limit -- 10          -- mimicking ledger layout.
pdescwidth    = no limit -- 20          -- I don't remember what these mean,
pacctwidth    = 35 minimum, no maximum  -- they were important at the time.
pamtwidth     = 11
pcommentwidth = no limit -- 22
@
-}
showTransaction :: Transaction -> String
showTransaction = showTransaction' True

showTransactionUnelided :: Transaction -> String
showTransactionUnelided = showTransaction' False

tests_showTransactionUnelided = [
   "showTransactionUnelided" ~: do
    let t `gives` s = assertEqual "" s (showTransactionUnelided t)
    nulltransaction `gives` "0000/01/01\n\n"
    nulltransaction{
      tdate=parsedate "2012/05/14",
      tdate2=Just $ parsedate "2012/05/15",
      tstatus=Uncleared,
      tcode="code",
      tdescription="desc",
      tcomment="tcomment1\ntcomment2\n",
      ttags=[("ttag1","val1")],
      tpostings=[
        nullposting{
          pstatus=Cleared,
          paccount="a",
          pamount=Mixed [usd 1, hrs 2],
          pcomment="\npcomment2\n",
          ptype=RegularPosting,
          ptags=[("ptag1","val1"),("ptag2","val2")]
          }
       ]
      }
      `gives` unlines [
      "2012/05/14=2012/05/15 (code) desc    ; tcomment1",
      "    ; tcomment2",
      "                $1.00",
      "    * a         2.00h",
      "    ; pcomment2",
      ""
      ]
 ]

-- cf showPosting
showTransaction' :: Bool -> Transaction -> String
showTransaction' elide t =
    unlines $ [descriptionline]
              ++ newlinecomments
              ++ (postingsAsLines elide t (tpostings t))
              ++ [""]
    where
      descriptionline = rstrip $ concat [date, status, code, desc, samelinecomment]
      date = showdate (tdate t) ++ maybe "" showedate (tdate2 t)
      showdate = printf "%-10s" . showDate
      showedate = printf "=%s" . showdate
      status | tstatus t == Cleared = " *"
             | tstatus t == Pending = " !"
             | otherwise            = ""
      code = if length (tcode t) > 0 then printf " (%s)" $ tcode t else ""
      desc = if null d then "" else " " ++ d where d = tdescription t
      (samelinecomment, newlinecomments) =
        case renderCommentLines (tcomment t) of []   -> ("",[])
                                                c:cs -> (c,cs)

-- Render a transaction or posting's comment as indented, semicolon-prefixed comment lines.
renderCommentLines :: String -> [String]
renderCommentLines s  = case lines s of ("":ls) -> "":map commentprefix ls
                                        ls      -> map commentprefix ls
    where
      commentprefix = indent . ("; "++)

-- -- Render a transaction or posting's comment as semicolon-prefixed comment lines -
-- -- an inline (same-line) comment if it's a single line, otherwise multiple indented lines.
-- commentLines' :: String -> (String, [String])
-- commentLines' s
--     | null s = ("", [])
--     | length ls == 1 = (prefix $ head ls, [])
--     | otherwise = ("", (prefix $ head ls):(map prefix $ tail ls))
--     where
--       ls = lines s
--       prefix = indent . (";"++)

postingsAsLines :: Bool -> Transaction -> [Posting] -> [String]
postingsAsLines elide t ps
    | elide && length ps > 1 && isTransactionBalanced Nothing t -- imprecise balanced check
       = (concatMap (postingAsLines False ps) $ init ps) ++ postingAsLines True ps (last ps)
    | otherwise = concatMap (postingAsLines False ps) ps

postingAsLines :: Bool -> [Posting] -> Posting -> [String]
postingAsLines elideamount ps p =
    postinglines
    ++ newlinecomments
  where
    postinglines = map rstrip $ lines $ concatTopPadded [showacct p, "  ", amount, samelinecomment]
    amount = if elideamount then "" else showamt (pamount p)
    (samelinecomment, newlinecomments) =
      case renderCommentLines (pcomment p) of []   -> ("",[])
                                              c:cs -> (c,cs)
    showacct p =
      indent $ showstatus p ++ printf (printf "%%-%ds" w) (showAccountName Nothing (ptype p) (paccount p))
        where
          showstatus p = if pstatus p == Cleared then "* " else ""
          w = maximum $ map (length . paccount) ps
    showamt =
        padleft 12 . showMixedAmount

tests_postingAsLines = [
   "postingAsLines" ~: do
    let p `gives` ls = assertEqual "" ls (postingAsLines False [p] p)
    posting `gives` ["                 0"]
    posting{
      pstatus=Cleared,
      paccount="a",
      pamount=Mixed [usd 1, hrs 2],
      pcomment="pcomment1\npcomment2\n  tag3: val3  \n",
      ptype=RegularPosting,
      ptags=[("ptag1","val1"),("ptag2","val2")]
      }
     `gives` [
      "                $1.00",
      "    * a         2.00h    ; pcomment1",
      "    ; pcomment2",
      "    ;   tag3: val3  "
      ]
 ]

indent :: String -> String
indent = ("    "++)

-- | Show an account name, clipped to the given width if any, and
-- appropriately bracketed/parenthesised for the given posting type.
showAccountName :: Maybe Int -> PostingType -> AccountName -> String
showAccountName w = fmt
    where
      fmt RegularPosting = take w'
      fmt VirtualPosting = parenthesise . reverse . take (w'-2) . reverse
      fmt BalancedVirtualPosting = bracket . reverse . take (w'-2) . reverse
      w' = fromMaybe 999999 w
      parenthesise s = "("++s++")"
      bracket s = "["++s++"]"

hasRealPostings :: Transaction -> Bool
hasRealPostings = not . null . realPostings

realPostings :: Transaction -> [Posting]
realPostings = filter isReal . tpostings

virtualPostings :: Transaction -> [Posting]
virtualPostings = filter isVirtual . tpostings

balancedVirtualPostings :: Transaction -> [Posting]
balancedVirtualPostings = filter isBalancedVirtual . tpostings

transactionsPostings :: [Transaction] -> [Posting]
transactionsPostings = concat . map tpostings

-- | Get the sums of a transaction's real, virtual, and balanced virtual postings.
transactionPostingBalances :: Transaction -> (MixedAmount,MixedAmount,MixedAmount)
transactionPostingBalances t = (sumPostings $ realPostings t
                               ,sumPostings $ virtualPostings t
                               ,sumPostings $ balancedVirtualPostings t)

-- | Is this transaction balanced ? A balanced transaction's real
-- (non-virtual) postings sum to 0, and any balanced virtual postings
-- also sum to 0.
isTransactionBalanced :: Maybe (Map.Map Commodity AmountStyle) -> Transaction -> Bool
isTransactionBalanced styles t =
    -- isReallyZeroMixedAmountCost rsum && isReallyZeroMixedAmountCost bvsum
    isZeroMixedAmount rsum' && isZeroMixedAmount bvsum'
    where
      (rsum, _, bvsum) = transactionPostingBalances t
      rsum'  = canonicalise $ costOfMixedAmount rsum
      bvsum' = canonicalise $ costOfMixedAmount bvsum
      canonicalise = maybe id canonicaliseMixedAmount styles

-- XXX refactor
-- | Ensure this transaction is balanced, possibly inferring a missing
-- amount or conversion price, or return an error message.
--
-- Balancing is affected by commodity display precisions, so those may
-- be provided.
--
-- We can infer a missing real amount when there are multiple real
-- postings and exactly one of them is amountless (likewise for
-- balanced virtual postings). Inferred amounts are converted to cost
-- basis when possible.
--
-- We can infer a conversion price when all real amounts are specified
-- and the sum of real postings' amounts is exactly two
-- non-explicitly-priced amounts in different commodities (likewise
-- for balanced virtual postings).
balanceTransaction :: Maybe (Map.Map Commodity AmountStyle) -> Transaction -> Either String Transaction
balanceTransaction styles t@Transaction{tpostings=ps}
    | length rwithoutamounts > 1 || length bvwithoutamounts > 1
        = Left $ printerr "could not balance this transaction (can't have more than one missing amount; remember to put 2 or more spaces before amounts)"
    | not $ isTransactionBalanced styles t''' = Left $ printerr $ nonzerobalanceerror t'''
    | otherwise = Right t''''
    where
      -- maybe infer missing amounts
      (rwithamounts, rwithoutamounts)   = partition hasAmount $ realPostings t
      (bvwithamounts, bvwithoutamounts) = partition hasAmount $ balancedVirtualPostings t
      ramounts  = map pamount rwithamounts
      bvamounts = map pamount bvwithamounts
      t' = t{tpostings=map inferamount ps}
          where
            inferamount p | not (hasAmount p) && isReal p            = p{pamount = costOfMixedAmount (- sum ramounts)}
                          | not (hasAmount p) && isBalancedVirtual p = p{pamount = costOfMixedAmount (- sum bvamounts)}
                          | otherwise                             = p

      -- maybe infer conversion prices, for real postings
      rmixedamountsinorder = map pamount $ realPostings t'
      ramountsinorder = concatMap amounts rmixedamountsinorder
      rcommoditiesinorder  = map acommodity ramountsinorder
      rsumamounts  = amounts $ sum rmixedamountsinorder
      -- as it says above, we can infer a conversion price when
      t'' = if t'==t  --  all real amounts were explicit (we didn't have to infer any)
               && length rsumamounts == 2  -- and the sum of real amounts has exactly two commodities (assumption: summing mixed amounts normalises to one simple amount per commodity)
               && all ((==NoPrice).aprice) rsumamounts  -- and none of the amounts had explicit prices
             then t'{tpostings=map inferprice ps}
             else t'
          where
            inferprice p@Posting{pamount=Mixed [a@Amount{acommodity=c,aprice=NoPrice}], ptype=RegularPosting} -- assumption: a posting's mixed amount contains one simple amount
                = p{pamount=Mixed [a{aprice=conversionprice c}]}
                where
                  conversionprice c | c == unpricedcommodity

                                        -- calculate a price that makes the postings balance, and give it "just enough"
                                        -- display precision that a manual calculation with the displayed numbers
                                        -- shows the transaction balancing.
                                        = if length ramountsinunpricedcommodity == 1

                                           -- when there is only one posting in the target commodity,
                                           -- show a total price (@@) for more exact output. In this
                                           -- case show all available decimal digits, it shouldn't be too many.
                                           then TotalPrice $ abs targetcommodityamount `withPrecision` maxprecision

                                           -- otherwise, calculate the average unit conversion price across all postings.
                                           -- Set the precision to the sum of the precisions of the commodities involved,
                                           -- which should be enough to make calculation look right while also preventing
                                           -- irrational numbers from printing excessive digits.
                                           else UnitPrice $ abs unitprice `withPrecision` sumofprecisions

                                    | otherwise = NoPrice
                      where
                        unpricedcommodity     = head $ filter (`elem` (map acommodity rsumamounts)) rcommoditiesinorder
                        unpricedamount        = head $ filter ((==unpricedcommodity).acommodity) rsumamounts
                        targetcommodityamount = head $ filter ((/=unpricedcommodity).acommodity) rsumamounts
                        ramountsinunpricedcommodity = filter ((==unpricedcommodity).acommodity) ramountsinorder
                        unitprice             = targetcommodityamount `divideAmount` (aquantity unpricedamount)
                        sumofprecisions       = (asprecision $ astyle $ targetcommodityamount) + (asprecision $ astyle $ unpricedamount)
            inferprice p = p

      -- maybe infer prices for balanced virtual postings. Duplicates the above. XXX
      bvmixedamountsinorder = map pamount $ balancedVirtualPostings t''
      bvamountsinorder = concatMap amounts bvmixedamountsinorder
      bvcommoditiesinorder  = map acommodity bvamountsinorder
      bvsumamounts  = amounts $ sum bvmixedamountsinorder
      t''' = if length bvsumamounts == 2 && all ((==NoPrice).aprice) bvsumamounts && t'==t -- XXX could check specifically for bv amount inferring
             then t''{tpostings=map inferprice ps}
             else t''
          where
            inferprice p@Posting{pamount=Mixed [a@Amount{acommodity=c,aprice=NoPrice}], ptype=BalancedVirtualPosting}
                = p{pamount=Mixed [a{aprice=conversionprice c}]}
                where
                  conversionprice c | c == unpricedcommodity
                                        = if length bvamountsinunpricedcommodity == 1
                                           then TotalPrice $ abs targetcommodityamount `withPrecision` maxprecision
                                           else UnitPrice  $ abs unitprice             `withPrecision` sumofprecisions
                                    | otherwise = NoPrice
                      where
                        unpricedcommodity     = head $ filter (`elem` (map acommodity bvsumamounts)) bvcommoditiesinorder
                        unpricedamount        = head $ filter ((==unpricedcommodity).acommodity) bvsumamounts
                        targetcommodityamount = head $ filter ((/=unpricedcommodity).acommodity) bvsumamounts
                        bvamountsinunpricedcommodity = filter ((==unpricedcommodity).acommodity) bvamountsinorder
                        unitprice             = targetcommodityamount `divideAmount` (aquantity unpricedamount)
                        sumofprecisions       = (asprecision $ astyle $ targetcommodityamount) + (asprecision $ astyle $ unpricedamount)
            inferprice p = p

      -- tie the knot so eg relatedPostings works right
      t'''' = txnTieKnot t'''

      printerr s = intercalate "\n" [s, showTransactionUnelided t]

nonzerobalanceerror :: Transaction -> String
nonzerobalanceerror t = printf "could not balance this transaction (%s%s%s)" rmsg sep bvmsg
    where
      (rsum, _, bvsum) = transactionPostingBalances t
      rmsg | isReallyZeroMixedAmountCost rsum = ""
           | otherwise = "real postings are off by " ++ showMixedAmount (costOfMixedAmount rsum)
      bvmsg | isReallyZeroMixedAmountCost bvsum = ""
            | otherwise = "balanced virtual postings are off by " ++ showMixedAmount (costOfMixedAmount bvsum)
      sep = if not (null rmsg) && not (null bvmsg) then "; " else "" :: String

-- Get a transaction's secondary date, defaulting to the primary date.
transactionDate2 :: Transaction -> Day
transactionDate2 t = fromMaybe (tdate t) $ tdate2 t

-- | Ensure a transaction's postings refer back to it.
txnTieKnot :: Transaction -> Transaction
txnTieKnot t@Transaction{tpostings=ps} = t{tpostings=map (settxn t) ps}

-- | Set a posting's parent transaction.
settxn :: Transaction -> Posting -> Posting
settxn t p = p{ptransaction=Just t}

tests_Hledger_Data_Transaction = TestList $ concat [
  tests_postingAsLines,
  tests_showTransactionUnelided,
  [
  "showTransaction" ~: do
     assertEqual "show a balanced transaction, eliding last amount"
       (unlines
        ["2007/01/28 coopportunity"
        ,"    expenses:food:groceries        $47.18"
        ,"    assets:checking"
        ,""
        ])
       (let t = Transaction nullsourcepos (parsedate "2007/01/28") Nothing Uncleared "" "coopportunity" "" []
                [posting{paccount="expenses:food:groceries", pamount=Mixed [usd 47.18], ptransaction=Just t}
                ,posting{paccount="assets:checking", pamount=Mixed [usd (-47.18)], ptransaction=Just t}
                ] ""
        in showTransaction t)

  ,"showTransaction" ~: do
     assertEqual "show a balanced transaction, no eliding"
       (unlines
        ["2007/01/28 coopportunity"
        ,"    expenses:food:groceries        $47.18"
        ,"    assets:checking               $-47.18"
        ,""
        ])
       (let t = Transaction nullsourcepos (parsedate "2007/01/28") Nothing Uncleared "" "coopportunity" "" []
                [posting{paccount="expenses:food:groceries", pamount=Mixed [usd 47.18], ptransaction=Just t}
                ,posting{paccount="assets:checking", pamount=Mixed [usd (-47.18)], ptransaction=Just t}
                ] ""
        in showTransactionUnelided t)

     -- document some cases that arise in debug/testing:
  ,"showTransaction" ~: do
     assertEqual "show an unbalanced transaction, should not elide"
       (unlines
        ["2007/01/28 coopportunity"
        ,"    expenses:food:groceries        $47.18"
        ,"    assets:checking               $-47.19"
        ,""
        ])
       (showTransaction
        (txnTieKnot $ Transaction nullsourcepos (parsedate "2007/01/28") Nothing Uncleared "" "coopportunity" "" []
         [posting{paccount="expenses:food:groceries", pamount=Mixed [usd 47.18]}
         ,posting{paccount="assets:checking", pamount=Mixed [usd (-47.19)]}
         ] ""))

  ,"showTransaction" ~: do
     assertEqual "show an unbalanced transaction with one posting, should not elide"
       (unlines
        ["2007/01/28 coopportunity"
        ,"    expenses:food:groceries        $47.18"
        ,""
        ])
       (showTransaction
        (txnTieKnot $ Transaction nullsourcepos (parsedate "2007/01/28") Nothing Uncleared "" "coopportunity" "" []
         [posting{paccount="expenses:food:groceries", pamount=Mixed [usd 47.18]}
         ] ""))

  ,"showTransaction" ~: do
     assertEqual "show a transaction with one posting and a missing amount"
       (unlines
        ["2007/01/28 coopportunity"
        ,"    expenses:food:groceries"
        ,""
        ])
       (showTransaction
        (txnTieKnot $ Transaction nullsourcepos (parsedate "2007/01/28") Nothing Uncleared "" "coopportunity" "" []
         [posting{paccount="expenses:food:groceries", pamount=missingmixedamt}
         ] ""))

  ,"showTransaction" ~: do
     assertEqual "show a transaction with a priced commodityless amount"
       (unlines
        ["2010/01/01 x"
        ,"    a        1 @ $2"
        ,"    b"
        ,""
        ])
       (showTransaction
        (txnTieKnot $ Transaction nullsourcepos (parsedate "2010/01/01") Nothing Uncleared "" "x" "" []
         [posting{paccount="a", pamount=Mixed [num 1 `at` (usd 2 `withPrecision` 0)]}
         ,posting{paccount="b", pamount= missingmixedamt}
         ] ""))

  ,"balanceTransaction" ~: do
     assertBool "detect unbalanced entry, sign error"
                    (isLeft $ balanceTransaction Nothing
                           (Transaction nullsourcepos (parsedate "2007/01/28") Nothing Uncleared "" "test" "" []
                            [posting{paccount="a", pamount=Mixed [usd 1]}
                            ,posting{paccount="b", pamount=Mixed [usd 1]}
                            ] ""))

     assertBool "detect unbalanced entry, multiple missing amounts"
                    (isLeft $ balanceTransaction Nothing
                           (Transaction nullsourcepos (parsedate "2007/01/28") Nothing Uncleared "" "test" "" []
                            [posting{paccount="a", pamount=missingmixedamt}
                            ,posting{paccount="b", pamount=missingmixedamt}
                            ] ""))

     let e = balanceTransaction Nothing (Transaction nullsourcepos (parsedate "2007/01/28") Nothing Uncleared "" "" "" []
                           [posting{paccount="a", pamount=Mixed [usd 1]}
                           ,posting{paccount="b", pamount=missingmixedamt}
                           ] "")
     assertBool "balanceTransaction allows one missing amount" (isRight e)
     assertEqual "balancing amount is inferred"
                     (Mixed [usd (-1)])
                     (case e of
                        Right e' -> (pamount $ last $ tpostings e')
                        Left _ -> error' "should not happen")

     let e = balanceTransaction Nothing (Transaction nullsourcepos (parsedate "2011/01/01") Nothing Uncleared "" "" "" []
                           [posting{paccount="a", pamount=Mixed [usd 1.35]}
                           ,posting{paccount="b", pamount=Mixed [eur (-1)]}
                           ] "")
     assertBool "balanceTransaction can infer conversion price" (isRight e)
     assertEqual "balancing conversion price is inferred"
                     (Mixed [usd 1.35 @@ (eur 1 `withPrecision` maxprecision)])
                     (case e of
                        Right e' -> (pamount $ head $ tpostings e')
                        Left _ -> error' "should not happen")

     assertBool "balanceTransaction balances based on cost if there are unit prices" (isRight $
       balanceTransaction Nothing (Transaction nullsourcepos (parsedate "2011/01/01") Nothing Uncleared "" "" "" []
                           [posting{paccount="a", pamount=Mixed [usd 1 `at` eur 2]}
                           ,posting{paccount="a", pamount=Mixed [usd (-2) `at` eur 1]}
                           ] ""))

     assertBool "balanceTransaction balances based on cost if there are total prices" (isRight $
       balanceTransaction Nothing (Transaction nullsourcepos (parsedate "2011/01/01") Nothing Uncleared "" "" "" []
                           [posting{paccount="a", pamount=Mixed [usd 1    @@ eur 1]}
                           ,posting{paccount="a", pamount=Mixed [usd (-2) @@ eur 1]}
                           ] ""))

  ,"isTransactionBalanced" ~: do
     let t = Transaction nullsourcepos (parsedate "2009/01/01") Nothing Uncleared "" "a" "" []
             [posting{paccount="b", pamount=Mixed [usd 1.00], ptransaction=Just t}
             ,posting{paccount="c", pamount=Mixed [usd (-1.00)], ptransaction=Just t}
             ] ""
     assertBool "detect balanced" (isTransactionBalanced Nothing t)
     let t = Transaction nullsourcepos (parsedate "2009/01/01") Nothing Uncleared "" "a" "" []
             [posting{paccount="b", pamount=Mixed [usd 1.00], ptransaction=Just t}
             ,posting{paccount="c", pamount=Mixed [usd (-1.01)], ptransaction=Just t}
             ] ""
     assertBool "detect unbalanced" (not $ isTransactionBalanced Nothing t)
     let t = Transaction nullsourcepos (parsedate "2009/01/01") Nothing Uncleared "" "a" "" []
             [posting{paccount="b", pamount=Mixed [usd 1.00], ptransaction=Just t}
             ] ""
     assertBool "detect unbalanced, one posting" (not $ isTransactionBalanced Nothing t)
     let t = Transaction nullsourcepos (parsedate "2009/01/01") Nothing Uncleared "" "a" "" []
             [posting{paccount="b", pamount=Mixed [usd 0], ptransaction=Just t}
             ] ""
     assertBool "one zero posting is considered balanced for now" (isTransactionBalanced Nothing t)
     let t = Transaction nullsourcepos (parsedate "2009/01/01") Nothing Uncleared "" "a" "" []
             [posting{paccount="b", pamount=Mixed [usd 1.00], ptransaction=Just t}
             ,posting{paccount="c", pamount=Mixed [usd (-1.00)], ptransaction=Just t}
             ,posting{paccount="d", pamount=Mixed [usd 100], ptype=VirtualPosting, ptransaction=Just t}
             ] ""
     assertBool "virtual postings don't need to balance" (isTransactionBalanced Nothing t)
     let t = Transaction nullsourcepos (parsedate "2009/01/01") Nothing Uncleared "" "a" "" []
             [posting{paccount="b", pamount=Mixed [usd 1.00], ptransaction=Just t}
             ,posting{paccount="c", pamount=Mixed [usd (-1.00)], ptransaction=Just t}
             ,posting{paccount="d", pamount=Mixed [usd 100], ptype=BalancedVirtualPosting, ptransaction=Just t}
             ] ""
     assertBool "balanced virtual postings need to balance among themselves" (not $ isTransactionBalanced Nothing t)
     let t = Transaction nullsourcepos (parsedate "2009/01/01") Nothing Uncleared "" "a" "" []
             [posting{paccount="b", pamount=Mixed [usd 1.00], ptransaction=Just t}
             ,posting{paccount="c", pamount=Mixed [usd (-1.00)], ptransaction=Just t}
             ,posting{paccount="d", pamount=Mixed [usd 100], ptype=BalancedVirtualPosting, ptransaction=Just t}
             ,posting{paccount="3", pamount=Mixed [usd (-100)], ptype=BalancedVirtualPosting, ptransaction=Just t}
             ] ""
     assertBool "balanced virtual postings need to balance among themselves (2)" (isTransactionBalanced Nothing t)

  ]]