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csv: doc: clarify amount, balance tips (#1000)

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Simon Michael 2019-04-03 13:14:59 -07:00
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hledger-lib/hledger_csv.m4.md
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@ -35,10 +35,9 @@ You can override this with the `--rules-file` option.
If the rules file does not exist, hledger will auto-create one with
some example rules, which you'll need to adjust.
At minimum, the rules file must identify the date (`date`) and
amount (`amount`, or `amount-in` and `amount-out`, or one of `balance`/`balance1`/`balance2`)
fields.
It may also be necessary to specify the date format, and the number of header lines to skip. Eg:
At minimum, the rules file must identify the date and amount fields.
It's often necessary to specify the date format, and the number of header lines to skip, also.
Eg:
```
fields date, _, _, amount
date-format %d/%m/%Y
@ -234,25 +233,39 @@ It's conventional and recommended to use `account1` for the account whose CSV we
## CSV amounts
The `amount` field sets the [amount](/journal.html#amounts) of the `account1` posting.
An amount must be set, in one of these ways:
If the CSV has debit/credit amounts in separate fields, assign to the `amount-in` and `amount-out` pseudo fields instead.
(Whichever one has a value will be used, with appropriate sign. If both contain a value, it may not work so well.)
- with an `amount` field assignment, which sets the first posting's [amount](/journal.html#amounts)
If an amount value is parenthesised, it will be de-parenthesised and sign-flipped.
- (If the CSV has debit and credit amounts in separate fields:) with
field assignments for the `amount-in` and `amount-out` pseudo fields
instead (both of them). Whichever one has a value will be used, with
appropriate sign. (If both contain a value, it might not work so well.)
If an amount value begins with a double minus sign, those will cancel out and be removed.
- or implicitly by means of a [balance assignment](/journal.html#balance-assignments) (see below).
If the CSV has the currency symbol in a separate field,
assign that to the `currency` pseudo field to have it prepended to the amount.
Or, you can use a [field assignment](#field-assignment) to `amount` that interpolates both CSV fields
(giving more control, eg to put the currency symbol on the right).
There is some special handling for sign in amounts:
## CSV balance assertions
- If an amount value is parenthesised, it will be de-parenthesised and sign-flipped.
- If an amount value begins with a double minus sign, those will cancel out and be removed.
If the CSV includes a running balance, you can assign that to the pseudo fields `balance`, `balance1` and/or `balance2`, with `balance` being synonym for `balance1`;
whenever the running balance value is non-empty,
it will be [asserted](/journal.html#balance-assertions) as the balance after the `account1` or `account2` posting accordingly.
If the currency/commodity symbol is provided as a separate CSV field,
assign it to the `currency` pseudo field; the symbol will be prepended
to the amount (<s>when there is an amount</s> TODO).
Or, you can use an `amount` [field assignment](#field-assignment) more control, eg:
```
fields date,description,currency,amount
amount %amount %currency
```
## CSV balance assertions/assignments
If the CSV includes a running balance, you can assign that to one of the pseudo fields
`balance` (or `balance1`) or `balance2`.
This will generate a [balance assertion](/journal.html#balance-assertions)
(or if the amount is left empty, a [balance assignment](/journal.html#balance-assignments))
on the first or second posting,
whenever the running balance field is non-empty.
## Reading multiple CSV files