hledger/hledger-lib/Hledger/Utils/Regex.hs
Jonathan Dowland 549c47bca8 ;dev: add Utils.Regex.regexMatchTextGroups
A matcher function which returns the list of match-groups, which may
be empty.

Signed-off-by: Jonathan Dowland <jon@dow.land>
2023-11-08 13:49:39 -08:00

279 lines
12 KiB
Haskell

{-# LANGUAGE FlexibleInstances #-}
{-# LANGUAGE MultiParamTypeClasses #-}
{-# LANGUAGE OverloadedStrings #-}
{-# LANGUAGE ScopedTypeVariables #-}
{-|
Easy regular expression helpers, currently based on regex-tdfa. These should:
- be cross-platform, not requiring C libraries
- support unicode
- support extended regular expressions
- support replacement, with backreferences etc.
- support splitting
- have mnemonic names
- have simple monomorphic types
- work with simple strings
Regex strings are automatically compiled into regular expressions the first
time they are seen, and these are cached. If you use a huge number of unique
regular expressions this might lead to increased memory usage. Several
functions have memoised variants (*Memo), which also trade space for time.
Currently two APIs are provided:
- The old partial one (with ' suffixes') which will call error on any problem
(eg with malformed regexps). This comes from hledger's origin as a
command-line tool.
- The new total one which will return an error message. This is better for
long-running apps like hledger-web.
Current limitations:
- (?i) and similar are not supported
-}
module Hledger.Utils.Regex (
-- * Regexp type and constructors
Regexp(reString)
,toRegex
,toRegexCI
,toRegex'
,toRegexCI'
-- * type aliases
,Replacement
,RegexError
-- * total regex operations
,regexMatch
,regexMatchText
,regexMatchTextGroups
,regexReplace
,regexReplaceUnmemo
,regexReplaceAllBy
)
where
import Control.Monad (foldM)
import Data.Aeson (ToJSON(..), Value(String))
import Data.Array ((!), elems, indices)
import Data.Char (isDigit)
import Data.List (foldl')
import Data.MemoUgly (memo)
import Data.Text (Text)
import qualified Data.Text as T
import Text.Regex.TDFA (
Regex, CompOption(..), defaultCompOpt, defaultExecOpt,
makeRegexOptsM, AllMatches(getAllMatches), match, MatchText,
RegexLike(..), RegexMaker(..), RegexOptions(..), RegexContext(..),
(=~)
)
-- | Regular expression. Extended regular expression-ish syntax ? But does not support eg (?i) syntax.
data Regexp
= Regexp { reString :: Text, reCompiled :: Regex }
| RegexpCI { reString :: Text, reCompiled :: Regex }
instance Eq Regexp where
Regexp s1 _ == Regexp s2 _ = s1 == s2
RegexpCI s1 _ == RegexpCI s2 _ = s1 == s2
_ == _ = False
instance Ord Regexp where
Regexp s1 _ `compare` Regexp s2 _ = s1 `compare` s2
RegexpCI s1 _ `compare` RegexpCI s2 _ = s1 `compare` s2
Regexp _ _ `compare` RegexpCI _ _ = LT
RegexpCI _ _ `compare` Regexp _ _ = GT
instance Show Regexp where
showsPrec d r = showParen (d > app_prec) $ reCons . showsPrec (app_prec+1) (T.unpack $ reString r)
where app_prec = 10
reCons = case r of Regexp _ _ -> showString "Regexp "
RegexpCI _ _ -> showString "RegexpCI "
instance Read Regexp where
readsPrec d r = readParen (d > app_prec) (\r' -> [(toRegexCI' m,t) |
("RegexCI",s) <- lex r',
(m,t) <- readsPrec (app_prec+1) s]) r
++ readParen (d > app_prec) (\r' -> [(toRegex' m, t) |
("Regex",s) <- lex r',
(m,t) <- readsPrec (app_prec+1) s]) r
where app_prec = 10
instance ToJSON Regexp where
toJSON (Regexp s _) = String $ "Regexp " <> s
toJSON (RegexpCI s _) = String $ "RegexpCI " <> s
instance RegexLike Regexp String where
matchOnce = matchOnce . reCompiled
matchAll = matchAll . reCompiled
matchCount = matchCount . reCompiled
matchTest = matchTest . reCompiled
matchAllText = matchAllText . reCompiled
matchOnceText = matchOnceText . reCompiled
instance RegexContext Regexp String String where
match = match . reCompiled
matchM = matchM . reCompiled
-- Convert a Regexp string to a compiled Regex, or return an error message.
toRegex :: Text -> Either RegexError Regexp
toRegex = memo $ \s -> mkRegexErr s (Regexp s <$> makeRegexM (T.unpack s)) -- Have to unpack here because Text instance in regex-tdfa only appears in 1.3.1
-- Like toRegex, but make a case-insensitive Regex.
toRegexCI :: Text -> Either RegexError Regexp
toRegexCI = memo $ \s -> mkRegexErr s (RegexpCI s <$> makeRegexOptsM defaultCompOpt{caseSensitive=False} defaultExecOpt (T.unpack s)) -- Have to unpack here because Text instance in regex-tdfa only appears in 1.3.1
-- | Make a nice error message for a regexp error.
mkRegexErr :: Text -> Maybe a -> Either RegexError a
mkRegexErr s = maybe (Left errmsg) Right
where errmsg = T.unpack $ "This regular expression is malformed, please correct it:\n" <> s
-- Convert a Regexp string to a compiled Regex, throw an error
toRegex' :: Text -> Regexp
toRegex' = either errorWithoutStackTrace id . toRegex
-- Like toRegex', but make a case-insensitive Regex.
toRegexCI' :: Text -> Regexp
toRegexCI' = either errorWithoutStackTrace id . toRegexCI
-- | A replacement pattern. May include numeric backreferences (\N).
type Replacement = String
-- | An error message arising during a regular expression operation.
-- Eg: trying to compile a malformed regular expression, or
-- trying to apply a malformed replacement pattern.
type RegexError = String
-- helpers
-- | Test whether a Regexp matches a String. This is an alias for `matchTest` for consistent
-- naming.
regexMatch :: Regexp -> String -> Bool
regexMatch = matchTest
-- | Tests whether a Regexp matches a Text.
--
-- This currently unpacks the Text to a String an works on that. This is due to
-- a performance bug in regex-tdfa (#9), which may or may not be relevant here.
regexMatchText :: Regexp -> Text -> Bool
regexMatchText r = matchTest r . T.unpack
-- | Return a (possibly empty) list of match groups derived by applying the
-- Regex to a Text.
regexMatchTextGroups :: Regexp -> Text -> [Text]
regexMatchTextGroups r txt = let
pat = reString r
(_,_,_,matches) = txt =~ pat :: (Text,Text,Text,[Text])
in matches
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- new total functions
-- | A memoising version of regexReplace. Caches the result for each
-- search pattern, replacement pattern, target string tuple.
-- This won't generate a regular expression parsing error since that
-- is pre-compiled nowadays, but there can still be a runtime error
-- from the replacement pattern, eg with a backreference referring
-- to a nonexistent match group.
regexReplace :: Regexp -> Replacement -> String -> Either RegexError String
regexReplace re repl = memo $ regexReplaceUnmemo re repl
-- helpers:
-- Replace this regular expression with this replacement pattern in this
-- string, or return an error message. (There should be no regexp
-- parsing errors these days since Regexp's compiled form is used,
-- but there can still be a runtime error from the replacement
-- pattern, eg a backreference referring to a nonexistent match group.)
regexReplaceUnmemo :: Regexp -> Replacement -> String -> Either RegexError String
regexReplaceUnmemo re repl str = foldM (replaceMatch repl) str (reverse $ match (reCompiled re) str :: [MatchText String])
where
-- Replace one match within the string with the replacement text
-- appropriate for this match. Or return an error message.
replaceMatch :: Replacement -> String -> MatchText String -> Either RegexError String
replaceMatch replpat s matchgroups =
case elems matchgroups of
[] -> Right s
((_,(off,len)):_) -> -- groups should have 0-based indexes, and there should always be at least one, since this is a match
erpl >>= \rpl -> Right $ pre ++ rpl ++ post
where
(pre, post') = splitAt off s
post = drop len post'
-- The replacement text: the replacement pattern with all
-- numeric backreferences replaced by the appropriate groups
-- from this match. Or an error message.
erpl = regexReplaceAllByM backrefRegex (lookupMatchGroup matchgroups) replpat
where
-- Given some match groups and a numeric backreference,
-- return the referenced group text, or an error message.
lookupMatchGroup :: MatchText String -> String -> Either RegexError String
lookupMatchGroup grps ('\\':s2@(_:_)) | all isDigit s2 =
case read s2 of n | n `elem` indices grps -> Right $ fst (grps ! n) -- PARTIAL: should not fail, all digits
_ -> Left $ "no match group exists for backreference \"\\"++s++"\""
lookupMatchGroup _ s2 = Left $ "lookupMatchGroup called on non-numeric-backreference \""++s2++"\", shouldn't happen"
backrefRegex = toRegex' "\\\\[0-9]+" -- PARTIAL: should not fail
-- regexReplace' :: Regexp -> Replacement -> String -> String
-- regexReplace' re repl s =
-- foldl (replaceMatch repl) s (reverse $ match (reCompiled re) s :: [MatchText String])
-- where
-- replaceMatch :: Replacement -> String -> MatchText String -> String
-- replaceMatch replpat s matchgroups = pre ++ repl ++ post
-- where
-- ((_,(off,len)):_) = elems matchgroups -- groups should have 0-based indexes, and there should always be at least one, since this is a match
-- (pre, post') = splitAt off s
-- post = drop len post'
-- repl = regexReplaceAllBy backrefRegex (lookupMatchGroup matchgroups) replpat
-- where
-- lookupMatchGroup :: MatchText String -> String -> String
-- lookupMatchGroup grps ('\\':s@(_:_)) | all isDigit s =
-- case read s of n | n `elem` indices grps -> fst (grps ! n)
-- -- PARTIAL:
-- _ -> error' $ "no match group exists for backreference \"\\"++s++"\""
-- lookupMatchGroup _ s = error' $ "lookupMatchGroup called on non-numeric-backreference \""++s++"\", shouldn't happen"
-- backrefRegex = toRegex' "\\\\[0-9]+" -- PARTIAL: should not fail
-- helpers
-- adapted from http://stackoverflow.com/questions/9071682/replacement-substition-with-haskell-regex-libraries:
-- Replace all occurrences of a regexp in a string, transforming each match
-- with the given pure function.
regexReplaceAllBy :: Regexp -> (String -> String) -> String -> String
regexReplaceAllBy re transform s = prependdone rest
where
(_, rest, prependdone) = foldl' go (0, s, id) matches
where
matches = getAllMatches $ match (reCompiled re) s :: [(Int, Int)] -- offset and length
go :: (Int,String,String->String) -> (Int,Int) -> (Int,String,String->String)
go (pos,todo,prepend) (off,len) =
let (prematch, matchandrest) = splitAt (off - pos) todo
(matched, rest2) = splitAt len matchandrest
in (off + len, rest2, prepend . (prematch++) . (transform matched ++))
-- Replace all occurrences of a regexp in a string, transforming each match
-- with the given monadic function. Eg if the monad is Either, a Left result
-- from the transform function short-circuits and is returned as the overall
-- result.
regexReplaceAllByM :: forall m. Monad m => Regexp -> (String -> m String) -> String -> m String
regexReplaceAllByM re transform s =
foldM go (0, s, id) matches >>= \(_, rest, prependdone) -> pure $ prependdone rest
where
matches = getAllMatches $ match (reCompiled re) s :: [(Int, Int)] -- offset and length
go :: (Int,String,String->String) -> (Int,Int) -> m (Int,String,String->String)
go (pos,todo,prepend) (off,len) =
let (prematch, matchandrest) = splitAt (off - pos) todo
(matched, rest) = splitAt len matchandrest
in transform matched >>= \matched' -> pure (off + len, rest, prepend . (prematch++) . (matched' ++))