hledger/hledger-web/hledger-web.1

.TH "hledger-web" "1" "June 2020" "hledger-web 1.17.99" "hledger User Manuals"



.SH NAME
.PP
hledger-web - web interface for the hledger accounting tool
.SH SYNOPSIS
.PP
\f[C]hledger-web [OPTIONS]\f[R]
.PD 0
.P
.PD
\f[C]hledger web -- [OPTIONS]\f[R]
.SH DESCRIPTION
.PP
hledger is a reliable, cross-platform set of programs for tracking
money, time, or any other commodity, using double-entry accounting and a
simple, editable file format.
hledger is inspired by and largely compatible with ledger(1).
.PP
hledger-web is hledger\[aq]s web interface.
It starts a simple web application for browsing and adding transactions,
and optionally opens it in a web browser window if possible.
It provides a more user-friendly UI than the hledger CLI or hledger-ui
interface, showing more at once (accounts, the current account register,
balance charts) and allowing history-aware data entry, interactive
searching, and bookmarking.
.PP
hledger-web also lets you share a ledger with multiple users, or even
the public web.
There is no access control, so if you need that you should put it behind
a suitable web proxy.
As a small protection against data loss when running an unprotected
instance, it writes a numbered backup of the main journal file (only ?)
on every edit.
.PP
Like hledger, it reads data from one or more files in hledger journal,
timeclock, timedot, or CSV format specified with \f[C]-f\f[R], or
\f[C]$LEDGER_FILE\f[R], or \f[C]$HOME/.hledger.journal\f[R] (on windows,
perhaps \f[C]C:/Users/USER/.hledger.journal\f[R]).
For more about this see hledger(1), hledger_journal(5) etc.
.SH OPTIONS
.PP
Command-line options and arguments may be used to set an initial filter
on the data.
These filter options are not shown in the web UI, but it will be applied
in addition to any search query entered there.
.PP
Note: if invoking hledger-web as a hledger subcommand, write
\f[C]--\f[R] before options, as shown in the synopsis above.
.TP
\f[B]\f[CB]--serve\f[B]\f[R]
serve and log requests, don\[aq]t browse or auto-exit
.TP
\f[B]\f[CB]--serve-api\f[B]\f[R]
like --serve, but serve only the JSON web API, without the server-side
web UI
.TP
\f[B]\f[CB]--host=IPADDR\f[B]\f[R]
listen on this IP address (default: 127.0.0.1)
.TP
\f[B]\f[CB]--port=PORT\f[B]\f[R]
listen on this TCP port (default: 5000)
.TP
\f[B]\f[CB]--socket=SOCKETFILE\f[B]\f[R]
use a unix domain socket file to listen for requests instead of a TCP
socket.
Implies \f[C]--serve\f[R].
It can only be used if the operating system can provide this type of
socket.
.TP
\f[B]\f[CB]--base-url=URL\f[B]\f[R]
set the base url (default: http://IPADDR:PORT).
You would change this when sharing over the network, or integrating
within a larger website.
.TP
\f[B]\f[CB]--file-url=URL\f[B]\f[R]
set the static files url (default: BASEURL/static).
hledger-web normally serves static files itself, but if you wanted to
serve them from another server for efficiency, you would set the url
with this.
.TP
\f[B]\f[CB]--capabilities=CAP[,CAP..]\f[B]\f[R]
enable the view, add, and/or manage capabilities (default: view,add)
.TP
\f[B]\f[CB]--capabilities-header=HTTPHEADER\f[B]\f[R]
read capabilities to enable from a HTTP header, like
X-Sandstorm-Permissions (default: disabled)
.PP
hledger input options:
.TP
\f[B]\f[CB]-f FILE --file=FILE\f[B]\f[R]
use a different input file.
For stdin, use - (default: \f[C]$LEDGER_FILE\f[R] or
\f[C]$HOME/.hledger.journal\f[R])
.TP
\f[B]\f[CB]--rules-file=RULESFILE\f[B]\f[R]
Conversion rules file to use when reading CSV (default: FILE.rules)
.TP
\f[B]\f[CB]--separator=CHAR\f[B]\f[R]
Field separator to expect when reading CSV (default: \[aq],\[aq])
.TP
\f[B]\f[CB]--alias=OLD=NEW\f[B]\f[R]
rename accounts named OLD to NEW
.TP
\f[B]\f[CB]--anon\f[B]\f[R]
anonymize accounts and payees
.TP
\f[B]\f[CB]--pivot FIELDNAME\f[B]\f[R]
use some other field or tag for the account name
.TP
\f[B]\f[CB]-I --ignore-assertions\f[B]\f[R]
disable balance assertion checks (note: does not disable balance
assignments)
.PP
hledger reporting options:
.TP
\f[B]\f[CB]-b --begin=DATE\f[B]\f[R]
include postings/txns on or after this date
.TP
\f[B]\f[CB]-e --end=DATE\f[B]\f[R]
include postings/txns before this date
.TP
\f[B]\f[CB]-D --daily\f[B]\f[R]
multiperiod/multicolumn report by day
.TP
\f[B]\f[CB]-W --weekly\f[B]\f[R]
multiperiod/multicolumn report by week
.TP
\f[B]\f[CB]-M --monthly\f[B]\f[R]
multiperiod/multicolumn report by month
.TP
\f[B]\f[CB]-Q --quarterly\f[B]\f[R]
multiperiod/multicolumn report by quarter
.TP
\f[B]\f[CB]-Y --yearly\f[B]\f[R]
multiperiod/multicolumn report by year
.TP
\f[B]\f[CB]-p --period=PERIODEXP\f[B]\f[R]
set start date, end date, and/or reporting interval all at once using
period expressions syntax
.TP
\f[B]\f[CB]--date2\f[B]\f[R]
match the secondary date instead (see command help for other effects)
.TP
\f[B]\f[CB]-U --unmarked\f[B]\f[R]
include only unmarked postings/txns (can combine with -P or -C)
.TP
\f[B]\f[CB]-P --pending\f[B]\f[R]
include only pending postings/txns
.TP
\f[B]\f[CB]-C --cleared\f[B]\f[R]
include only cleared postings/txns
.TP
\f[B]\f[CB]-R --real\f[B]\f[R]
include only non-virtual postings
.TP
\f[B]\f[CB]-NUM --depth=NUM\f[B]\f[R]
hide/aggregate accounts or postings more than NUM levels deep
.TP
\f[B]\f[CB]-E --empty\f[B]\f[R]
show items with zero amount, normally hidden (and vice-versa in
hledger-ui/hledger-web)
.TP
\f[B]\f[CB]-B --cost\f[B]\f[R]
convert amounts to their cost at transaction time (using the transaction
price, if any)
.TP
\f[B]\f[CB]-V --value\f[B]\f[R]
convert amounts to their market value on the report end date (using the
most recent applicable market price, if any)
.TP
\f[B]\f[CB]--auto\f[B]\f[R]
apply automated posting rules to modify transactions.
.TP
\f[B]\f[CB]--forecast\f[B]\f[R]
generate future transactions from periodic transaction rules, for the
next 6 months or till report end date.
In hledger-ui, also make ordinary future transactions visible.
.PP
When a reporting option appears more than once in the command line, the
last one takes precedence.
.PP
Some reporting options can also be written as query arguments.
.PP
hledger help options:
.TP
\f[B]\f[CB]-h --help\f[B]\f[R]
show general usage (or after COMMAND, command usage)
.TP
\f[B]\f[CB]--version\f[B]\f[R]
show version
.TP
\f[B]\f[CB]--debug[=N]\f[B]\f[R]
show debug output (levels 1-9, default: 1)
.PP
A \[at]FILE argument will be expanded to the contents of FILE, which
should contain one command line option/argument per line.
(To prevent this, insert a \f[C]--\f[R] argument before.)
.PP
By default, hledger-web starts the web app in \[dq]transient mode\[dq]
and also opens it in your default web browser if possible.
In this mode the web app will keep running for as long as you have it
open in a browser window, and will exit after two minutes of inactivity
(no requests and no browser windows viewing it).
With \f[C]--serve\f[R], it just runs the web app without exiting, and
logs requests to the console.
With \f[C]--serve-api\f[R], only the JSON web api (see below) is served,
with the usual HTML server-side web UI disabled.
.PP
By default the server listens on IP address 127.0.0.1, accessible only
to local requests.
You can use \f[C]--host\f[R] to change this, eg \f[C]--host 0.0.0.0\f[R]
to listen on all configured addresses.
.PP
Similarly, use \f[C]--port\f[R] to set a TCP port other than 5000, eg if
you are running multiple hledger-web instances.
.PP
Both of these options are ignored when \f[C]--socket\f[R] is used.
In this case, it creates an \f[C]AF_UNIX\f[R] socket file at the
supplied path and uses that for communication.
This is an alternative way of running multiple hledger-web instances
behind a reverse proxy that handles authentication for different users.
The path can be derived in a predictable way, eg by using the username
within the path.
As an example, \f[C]nginx\f[R] as reverse proxy can use the variabel
\f[C]$remote_user\f[R] to derive a path from the username used in a HTTP
basic authentication.
The following \f[C]proxy_pass\f[R] directive allows access to all
\f[C]hledger-web\f[R] instances that created a socket in
\f[C]/tmp/hledger/\f[R]:
.IP
.nf
\f[C]
  proxy_pass http://unix:/tmp/hledger/${remote_user}.socket;
\f[R]
.fi
.PP
You can use \f[C]--base-url\f[R] to change the protocol, hostname, port
and path that appear in hyperlinks, useful eg for integrating
hledger-web within a larger website.
The default is \f[C]http://HOST:PORT/\f[R] using the server\[aq]s
configured host address and TCP port (or \f[C]http://HOST\f[R] if PORT
is 80).
.PP
With \f[C]--file-url\f[R] you can set a different base url for static
files, eg for better caching or cookie-less serving on high performance
websites.
.SH PERMISSIONS
.PP
By default, hledger-web allows anyone who can reach it to view the
journal and to add new transactions, but not to change existing data.
.PP
You can restrict who can reach it by
.IP \[bu] 2
setting the IP address it listens on (see \f[C]--host\f[R] above).
By default it listens on 127.0.0.1, accessible to all users on the local
machine.
.IP \[bu] 2
putting it behind an authenticating proxy, using eg apache or nginx
.IP \[bu] 2
custom firewall rules
.PP
You can restrict what the users who reach it can do, by
.IP \[bu] 2
using the \f[C]--capabilities=CAP[,CAP..]\f[R] flag when you start it,
enabling one or more of the following capabilities.
The default value is \f[C]view,add\f[R]:
.RS 2
.IP \[bu] 2
\f[C]view\f[R] - allows viewing the journal file and all included files
.IP \[bu] 2
\f[C]add\f[R] - allows adding new transactions to the main journal file
.IP \[bu] 2
\f[C]manage\f[R] - allows editing, uploading or downloading the main or
included files
.RE
.IP \[bu] 2
using the \f[C]--capabilities-header=HTTPHEADER\f[R] flag to specify a
HTTP header from which it will read capabilities to enable.
hledger-web on Sandstorm uses the X-Sandstorm-Permissions header to
integrate with Sandstorm\[aq]s permissions.
This is disabled by default.
.SH EDITING, UPLOADING, DOWNLOADING
.PP
If you enable the \f[C]manage\f[R] capability mentioned above,
you\[aq]ll see a new \[dq]spanner\[dq] button to the right of the search
form.
Clicking this will let you edit, upload, or download the journal file or
any files it includes.
.PP
Note, unlike any other hledger command, in this mode you (or any
visitor) can alter or wipe the data files.
.PP
Normally whenever a file is changed in this way, hledger-web saves a
numbered backup (assuming file permissions allow it, the disk is not
full, etc.) hledger-web is not aware of version control systems,
currently; if you use one, you\[aq]ll have to arrange to commit the
changes yourself (eg with a cron job or a file watcher like entr).
.PP
Changes which would leave the journal file(s) unparseable or non-valid
(eg with failing balance assertions) are prevented.
(Probably.
This needs re-testing.)
.SH RELOADING
.PP
hledger-web detects changes made to the files by other means (eg if you
edit it directly, outside of hledger-web), and it will show the new data
when you reload the page or navigate to a new page.
If a change makes a file unparseable, hledger-web will display an error
message until the file has been fixed.
.PP
(Note: if you are viewing files mounted from another machine, make sure
that both machine clocks are roughly in step.)
.SH JSON API
.PP
In addition to the web UI, hledger-web also serves a JSON API that can
be used to get data or add new transactions.
If you want the JSON API only, you can use the \f[C]--serve-api\f[R]
flag.
Eg:
.IP
.nf
\f[C]
$ hledger-web -f examples/sample.journal --serve-api
\&...
\f[R]
.fi
.PP
You can get JSON data from these routes:
.IP
.nf
\f[C]
/accountnames
/transactions
/prices
/commodities
/accounts
/accounttransactions/ACCOUNTNAME
\f[R]
.fi
.PP
Eg, all account names in the journal (similar to the accounts command):
.IP
.nf
\f[C]
$ curl -s http://127.0.0.1:5000/accountnames | python -m json.tool
[
    \[dq]assets\[dq],
    \[dq]assets:bank\[dq],
    \[dq]assets:bank:checking\[dq],
    \[dq]assets:bank:saving\[dq],
    \[dq]assets:cash\[dq],
    \[dq]expenses\[dq],
    \[dq]expenses:food\[dq],
    \[dq]expenses:supplies\[dq],
    \[dq]income\[dq],
    \[dq]income:gifts\[dq],
    \[dq]income:salary\[dq],
    \[dq]liabilities\[dq],
    \[dq]liabilities:debts\[dq]
]
\f[R]
.fi
.PP
Or all transactions:
.IP
.nf
\f[C]
$ curl -s http://127.0.0.1:5000/transactions | python -m json.tool
[
    {
        \[dq]tcode\[dq]: \[dq]\[dq],
        \[dq]tcomment\[dq]: \[dq]\[dq],
        \[dq]tdate\[dq]: \[dq]2008-01-01\[dq],
        \[dq]tdate2\[dq]: null,
        \[dq]tdescription\[dq]: \[dq]income\[dq],
        \[dq]tindex\[dq]: 1,
        \[dq]tpostings\[dq]: [
            {
                \[dq]paccount\[dq]: \[dq]assets:bank:checking\[dq],
                \[dq]pamount\[dq]: [
                    {
                        \[dq]acommodity\[dq]: \[dq]$\[dq],
                        \[dq]aismultiplier\[dq]: false,
                        \[dq]aprice\[dq]: null,
\&...
\f[R]
.fi
.PP
Most of the JSON corresponds to hledger\[aq]s data types; for details of
what the fields mean, see the Hledger.Data.Json haddock docs and click
on the various data types, eg Transaction.
And for a higher level understanding, see the journal manual.
.PP
In some cases there is outer JSON corresponding to a \[dq]Report\[dq]
type.
To understand that, go to the Hledger.Web.Handler.MiscR haddock and look
at the source for the appropriate handler to see what it returns.
Eg for \f[C]/accounttransactions\f[R] it\[aq]s getAccounttransactionsR,
returning a \[dq]\f[C]accountTransactionsReport ...\f[R]\[dq].
Looking up the haddock for that we can see that /accounttransactions
returns an AccountTransactionsReport, which consists of a report title
and a list of AccountTransactionsReportItem (etc).
.PP
You can add a new transaction to the journal with a PUT request to
\f[C]/add\f[R], if hledger-web was started with the \f[C]add\f[R]
capability (enabled by default).
The payload must be the full, exact JSON representation of a hledger
transaction (partial data won\[aq]t do).
You can get sample JSON from \f[C]/transactions\f[R] or
\f[C]/accounttransactions\f[R], or you can export it with
hledger-lib\[aq]s \f[C]writeJsonFile\f[R] helper, like so:
.IP
.nf
\f[C]
$ make ghci-web
>>> import Hledger
>>> writeJsonFile \[dq]txn.json\[dq] (head $ jtxns samplejournal)  -- export samplejournal\[aq]s first txn
>>> :q
\f[R]
.fi
.PP
If you like, reformat the json to make it human-readable:
.IP
.nf
\f[C]
$ python -m json.tool txn.json >pretty
$ mv pretty txn.json
\f[R]
.fi
.PP
Here\[aq]s how it looks as of hledger-1.17 (remember, this JSON
corresponds to hledger\[aq]s Transaction and related data types):
.IP
.nf
\f[C]
{
    \[dq]tcode\[dq]: \[dq]\[dq],
    \[dq]tcomment\[dq]: \[dq]\[dq],
    \[dq]tdate\[dq]: \[dq]2008-01-01\[dq],
    \[dq]tdate2\[dq]: null,
    \[dq]tdescription\[dq]: \[dq]income\[dq],
    \[dq]tindex\[dq]: 1,
    \[dq]tpostings\[dq]: [
        {
            \[dq]paccount\[dq]: \[dq]assets:bank:checking\[dq],
            \[dq]pamount\[dq]: [
                {
                    \[dq]acommodity\[dq]: \[dq]$\[dq],
                    \[dq]aismultiplier\[dq]: false,
                    \[dq]aprice\[dq]: null,
                    \[dq]aquantity\[dq]: {
                        \[dq]decimalMantissa\[dq]: 10000000000,
                        \[dq]decimalPlaces\[dq]: 10,
                        \[dq]floatingPoint\[dq]: 1
                    },
                    \[dq]astyle\[dq]: {
                        \[dq]ascommodityside\[dq]: \[dq]L\[dq],
                        \[dq]ascommodityspaced\[dq]: false,
                        \[dq]asdecimalpoint\[dq]: \[dq].\[dq],
                        \[dq]asdigitgroups\[dq]: null,
                        \[dq]asprecision\[dq]: 2
                    }
                }
            ],
            \[dq]pbalanceassertion\[dq]: null,
            \[dq]pcomment\[dq]: \[dq]\[dq],
            \[dq]pdate\[dq]: null,
            \[dq]pdate2\[dq]: null,
            \[dq]poriginal\[dq]: null,
            \[dq]pstatus\[dq]: \[dq]Unmarked\[dq],
            \[dq]ptags\[dq]: [],
            \[dq]ptransaction_\[dq]: \[dq]1\[dq],
            \[dq]ptype\[dq]: \[dq]RegularPosting\[dq]
        },
        {
            \[dq]paccount\[dq]: \[dq]income:salary\[dq],
            \[dq]pamount\[dq]: [
                {
                    \[dq]acommodity\[dq]: \[dq]$\[dq],
                    \[dq]aismultiplier\[dq]: false,
                    \[dq]aprice\[dq]: null,
                    \[dq]aquantity\[dq]: {
                        \[dq]decimalMantissa\[dq]: -10000000000,
                        \[dq]decimalPlaces\[dq]: 10,
                        \[dq]floatingPoint\[dq]: -1
                    },
                    \[dq]astyle\[dq]: {
                        \[dq]ascommodityside\[dq]: \[dq]L\[dq],
                        \[dq]ascommodityspaced\[dq]: false,
                        \[dq]asdecimalpoint\[dq]: \[dq].\[dq],
                        \[dq]asdigitgroups\[dq]: null,
                        \[dq]asprecision\[dq]: 2
                    }
                }
            ],
            \[dq]pbalanceassertion\[dq]: null,
            \[dq]pcomment\[dq]: \[dq]\[dq],
            \[dq]pdate\[dq]: null,
            \[dq]pdate2\[dq]: null,
            \[dq]poriginal\[dq]: null,
            \[dq]pstatus\[dq]: \[dq]Unmarked\[dq],
            \[dq]ptags\[dq]: [],
            \[dq]ptransaction_\[dq]: \[dq]1\[dq],
            \[dq]ptype\[dq]: \[dq]RegularPosting\[dq]
        }
    ],
    \[dq]tprecedingcomment\[dq]: \[dq]\[dq],
    \[dq]tsourcepos\[dq]: {
        \[dq]contents\[dq]: [
            \[dq]\[dq],
            [
                1,
                1
            ]
        ],
        \[dq]tag\[dq]: \[dq]JournalSourcePos\[dq]
    },
    \[dq]tstatus\[dq]: \[dq]Unmarked\[dq],
    \[dq]ttags\[dq]: []
}
\f[R]
.fi
.PP
And here\[aq]s how to test adding it with curl.
This should add a new entry to your journal:
.IP
.nf
\f[C]
$ curl http://127.0.0.1:5000/add -X PUT -H \[aq]Content-Type: application/json\[aq] --data-binary \[at]txn.json
\f[R]
.fi
.SH ENVIRONMENT
.PP
\f[B]LEDGER_FILE\f[R] The journal file path when not specified with
\f[C]-f\f[R].
Default: \f[C]\[ti]/.hledger.journal\f[R] (on windows, perhaps
\f[C]C:/Users/USER/.hledger.journal\f[R]).
.PP
A typical value is \f[C]\[ti]/DIR/YYYY.journal\f[R], where DIR is a
version-controlled finance directory and YYYY is the current year.
Or \f[C]\[ti]/DIR/current.journal\f[R], where current.journal is a
symbolic link to YYYY.journal.
.PP
On Mac computers, you can set this and other environment variables in a
more thorough way that also affects applications started from the GUI
(say, an Emacs dock icon).
Eg on MacOS Catalina I have a \f[C]\[ti]/.MacOSX/environment.plist\f[R]
file containing
.IP
.nf
\f[C]
{
  \[dq]LEDGER_FILE\[dq] : \[dq]\[ti]/finance/current.journal\[dq]
}
\f[R]
.fi
.PP
To see the effect you may need to \f[C]killall Dock\f[R], or reboot.
.SH FILES
.PP
Reads data from one or more files in hledger journal, timeclock,
timedot, or CSV format specified with \f[C]-f\f[R], or
\f[C]$LEDGER_FILE\f[R], or \f[C]$HOME/.hledger.journal\f[R] (on windows,
perhaps \f[C]C:/Users/USER/.hledger.journal\f[R]).
.SH BUGS
.PP
The need to precede options with \f[C]--\f[R] when invoked from hledger
is awkward.
.PP
\f[C]-f-\f[R] doesn\[aq]t work (hledger-web can\[aq]t read from stdin).
.PP
Query arguments and some hledger options are ignored.
.PP
Does not work in text-mode browsers.
.PP
Does not work well on small screens.


.SH "REPORTING BUGS"
Report bugs at http://bugs.hledger.org
(or on the #hledger IRC channel or hledger mail list)

.SH AUTHORS
Simon Michael <simon@joyful.com> and contributors

.SH COPYRIGHT

Copyright (C) 2007-2019 Simon Michael.
.br
Released under GNU GPL v3 or later.

.SH SEE ALSO
hledger(1), hledger\-ui(1), hledger\-web(1), hledger\-api(1),
hledger_csv(5), hledger_journal(5), hledger_timeclock(5), hledger_timedot(5),
ledger(1)

http://hledger.org