diff --git a/packages/common/infra/src/modules/workspace/entities/engine.ts b/packages/common/infra/src/modules/workspace/entities/engine.ts
index d13ec6356c..39e5d94bc5 100644
--- a/packages/common/infra/src/modules/workspace/entities/engine.ts
+++ b/packages/common/infra/src/modules/workspace/entities/engine.ts
@@ -70,5 +70,7 @@ export class WorkspaceEngine extends Entity<{
 
   override dispose(): void {
     this.forceStop();
+    this.doc.dispose();
+    this.awareness.dispose();
   }
 }
diff --git a/packages/common/infra/src/modules/workspace/services/engine.ts b/packages/common/infra/src/modules/workspace/services/engine.ts
index 8dcf8ec6dd..93eba3e04a 100644
--- a/packages/common/infra/src/modules/workspace/services/engine.ts
+++ b/packages/common/infra/src/modules/workspace/services/engine.ts
@@ -16,4 +16,10 @@ export class WorkspaceEngineService extends Service {
   constructor(private readonly workspaceScope: WorkspaceScope) {
     super();
   }
+
+  override dispose(): void {
+    this._engine?.dispose();
+    this._engine = null;
+    super.dispose();
+  }
 }
diff --git a/packages/common/infra/src/sync/awareness.ts b/packages/common/infra/src/sync/awareness.ts
index c1a2d946c5..395de22ea8 100644
--- a/packages/common/infra/src/sync/awareness.ts
+++ b/packages/common/infra/src/sync/awareness.ts
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ import type { Awareness } from 'y-protocols/awareness.js';
 export interface AwarenessConnection {
   connect(awareness: Awareness): void;
   disconnect(): void;
+  dispose?(): void;
 }
 
 export class AwarenessEngine {
@@ -15,4 +16,8 @@ export class AwarenessEngine {
   disconnect() {
     this.connections.forEach(connection => connection.disconnect());
   }
+
+  dispose() {
+    this.connections.forEach(connection => connection.dispose?.());
+  }
 }
diff --git a/packages/common/infra/src/sync/doc/index.ts b/packages/common/infra/src/sync/doc/index.ts
index 3737d2e7a1..3e1530a2be 100644
--- a/packages/common/infra/src/sync/doc/index.ts
+++ b/packages/common/infra/src/sync/doc/index.ts
@@ -219,4 +219,9 @@ export class DocEngine {
         });
     });
   }
+
+  dispose() {
+    this.stop();
+    this.server?.dispose?.();
+  }
 }
diff --git a/packages/common/infra/src/sync/doc/server.ts b/packages/common/infra/src/sync/doc/server.ts
index fb73fdf6fd..9fdade3e77 100644
--- a/packages/common/infra/src/sync/doc/server.ts
+++ b/packages/common/infra/src/sync/doc/server.ts
@@ -23,4 +23,6 @@ export interface DocServer {
   waitForConnectingServer(signal: AbortSignal): Promise<void>;
   disconnectServer(): void;
   onInterrupted(cb: (reason: string) => void): void;
+
+  dispose?(): void;
 }
diff --git a/packages/frontend/core/src/modules/cloud/index.ts b/packages/frontend/core/src/modules/cloud/index.ts
index 8360ef699e..b0225dc0fc 100644
--- a/packages/frontend/core/src/modules/cloud/index.ts
+++ b/packages/frontend/core/src/modules/cloud/index.ts
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ export function configureCloudModule(framework: Framework) {
   framework
     .service(FetchService)
     .service(GraphQLService, [FetchService])
-    .service(WebSocketService)
+    .service(WebSocketService, [AuthService])
     .service(ServerConfigService)
     .entity(ServerConfig, [ServerConfigStore])
     .store(ServerConfigStore, [GraphQLService])
diff --git a/packages/frontend/core/src/modules/cloud/services/websocket.ts b/packages/frontend/core/src/modules/cloud/services/websocket.ts
index 7c9bb1515e..7fa87b5d91 100644
--- a/packages/frontend/core/src/modules/cloud/services/websocket.ts
+++ b/packages/frontend/core/src/modules/cloud/services/websocket.ts
@@ -1,37 +1,47 @@
-import { OnEvent, Service } from '@toeverything/infra';
-import type { Socket } from 'socket.io-client';
+import { ApplicationStarted, OnEvent, Service } from '@toeverything/infra';
 import { Manager } from 'socket.io-client';
 
 import { getAffineCloudBaseUrl } from '../services/fetch';
+import type { AuthService } from './auth';
 import { AccountChanged } from './auth';
 
-@OnEvent(AccountChanged, e => e.reconnect)
+@OnEvent(AccountChanged, e => e.update)
+@OnEvent(ApplicationStarted, e => e.update)
 export class WebSocketService extends Service {
   ioManager: Manager = new Manager(`${getAffineCloudBaseUrl()}/`, {
     autoConnect: false,
     transports: ['websocket'],
     secure: location.protocol === 'https:',
   });
-  sockets: Set<Socket> = new Set();
+  socket = this.ioManager.socket('/');
+  refCount = 0;
 
-  constructor() {
+  constructor(private readonly authService: AuthService) {
     super();
   }
 
-  newSocket(): Socket {
-    const socket = this.ioManager.socket('/');
-    this.sockets.add(socket);
-
-    return socket;
+  /**
+   * Connect socket, with automatic connect and reconnect logic.
+   * External code should not call `socket.connect()` or `socket.disconnect()` manually.
+   * When socket is no longer needed, call `dispose()` to clean up resources.
+   */
+  connect() {
+    this.refCount++;
+    this.update();
+    return {
+      socket: this.socket,
+      dispose: () => {
+        this.refCount--;
+        this.update();
+      },
+    };
   }
 
-  reconnect(): void {
-    for (const socket of this.sockets) {
-      socket.disconnect();
-    }
-
-    for (const socket of this.sockets) {
-      socket.connect();
+  update(): void {
+    if (this.authService.session.account$.value && this.refCount > 0) {
+      this.socket.connect();
+    } else {
+      this.socket.disconnect();
     }
   }
 }
diff --git a/packages/frontend/core/src/modules/userspace/entities/user-db-engine.ts b/packages/frontend/core/src/modules/userspace/entities/user-db-engine.ts
index 0023761273..eb927ccd64 100644
--- a/packages/frontend/core/src/modules/userspace/entities/user-db-engine.ts
+++ b/packages/frontend/core/src/modules/userspace/entities/user-db-engine.ts
@@ -8,10 +8,9 @@ export class UserDBEngine extends Entity<{
   userId: string;
 }> {
   private readonly userId = this.props.userId;
-  private readonly socket = this.websocketService.newSocket();
   readonly docEngine = new DocEngine(
     this.userspaceStorageProvider.getDocStorage('affine-cloud:' + this.userId),
-    new UserDBDocServer(this.userId, this.socket)
+    new UserDBDocServer(this.userId, this.websocketService)
   );
 
   canGracefulStop() {
@@ -29,6 +28,5 @@ export class UserDBEngine extends Entity<{
 
   override dispose() {
     this.docEngine.stop();
-    this.socket.close();
   }
 }
diff --git a/packages/frontend/core/src/modules/userspace/impls/user-db-doc-server.ts b/packages/frontend/core/src/modules/userspace/impls/user-db-doc-server.ts
index 18fa89bd75..766cc193ef 100644
--- a/packages/frontend/core/src/modules/userspace/impls/user-db-doc-server.ts
+++ b/packages/frontend/core/src/modules/userspace/impls/user-db-doc-server.ts
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ import {
 import { type DocServer, throwIfAborted } from '@toeverything/infra';
 import type { Socket } from 'socket.io-client';
 
+import type { WebSocketService } from '../../cloud';
 import {
   base64ToUint8Array,
   uint8ArrayToBase64,
@@ -19,10 +20,17 @@ export class UserDBDocServer implements DocServer {
   interruptCb: ((reason: string) => void) | null = null;
   SEND_TIMEOUT = 30000;
 
+  socket: Socket;
+  disposeSocket: () => void;
+
   constructor(
     private readonly userId: string,
-    private readonly socket: Socket
-  ) {}
+    webSocketService: WebSocketService
+  ) {
+    const { socket, dispose } = webSocketService.connect();
+    this.socket = socket;
+    this.disposeSocket = dispose;
+  }
 
   private async clientHandShake() {
     await this.socket.emitWithAck('space:join', {
@@ -154,7 +162,6 @@ export class UserDBDocServer implements DocServer {
     if (this.socket.connected) {
       await this.clientHandShake();
     } else {
-      this.socket.connect();
       await new Promise<void>((resolve, reject) => {
         this.socket.on('connect', () => {
           resolve();
@@ -168,17 +175,12 @@ export class UserDBDocServer implements DocServer {
     }
   }
   disconnectServer(): void {
-    if (!this.socket) {
-      return;
-    }
-
     this.socket.emit('space:leave', {
       spaceType: 'userspace',
       spaceId: this.userId,
     });
     this.socket.off('server-version-rejected', this.handleVersionRejected);
     this.socket.off('disconnect', this.handleDisconnect);
-    this.socket.disconnect();
   }
   onInterrupted = (cb: (reason: string) => void) => {
     this.interruptCb = cb;
@@ -192,4 +194,9 @@ export class UserDBDocServer implements DocServer {
   handleVersionRejected = () => {
     this.interruptCb?.('Client version rejected');
   };
+
+  dispose(): void {
+    this.disconnectServer();
+    this.disposeSocket();
+  }
 }
diff --git a/packages/frontend/core/src/modules/workspace-engine/impls/cloud.ts b/packages/frontend/core/src/modules/workspace-engine/impls/cloud.ts
index f04ce6c665..e66672aad8 100644
--- a/packages/frontend/core/src/modules/workspace-engine/impls/cloud.ts
+++ b/packages/frontend/core/src/modules/workspace-engine/impls/cloud.ts
@@ -243,17 +243,11 @@ export class CloudWorkspaceFlavourProviderService
       getAwarenessConnections: () => {
         return [
           new BroadcastChannelAwarenessConnection(workspaceId),
-          new CloudAwarenessConnection(
-            workspaceId,
-            this.webSocketService.newSocket()
-          ),
+          new CloudAwarenessConnection(workspaceId, this.webSocketService),
         ];
       },
       getDocServer: () => {
-        return new CloudDocEngineServer(
-          workspaceId,
-          this.webSocketService.newSocket()
-        );
+        return new CloudDocEngineServer(workspaceId, this.webSocketService);
       },
       getDocStorage: () => {
         return this.storageProvider.getDocStorage(workspaceId);
diff --git a/packages/frontend/core/src/modules/workspace-engine/impls/engine/awareness-cloud.ts b/packages/frontend/core/src/modules/workspace-engine/impls/engine/awareness-cloud.ts
index 90de4599ef..824ad84a34 100644
--- a/packages/frontend/core/src/modules/workspace-engine/impls/engine/awareness-cloud.ts
+++ b/packages/frontend/core/src/modules/workspace-engine/impls/engine/awareness-cloud.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import type { WebSocketService } from '@affine/core/modules/cloud';
 import { DebugLogger } from '@affine/debug';
 import type { AwarenessConnection } from '@toeverything/infra';
 import type { Socket } from 'socket.io-client';
@@ -17,10 +18,17 @@ type AwarenessChanges = Record<'added' | 'updated' | 'removed', number[]>;
 export class CloudAwarenessConnection implements AwarenessConnection {
   awareness: Awareness | null = null;
 
+  socket: Socket;
+  disposeSocket: () => void;
+
   constructor(
     private readonly workspaceId: string,
-    private readonly socket: Socket
-  ) {}
+    webSocketService: WebSocketService
+  ) {
+    const { socket, dispose } = webSocketService.connect();
+    this.socket = socket;
+    this.disposeSocket = dispose;
+  }
 
   connect(awareness: Awareness): void {
     this.socket.on('space:broadcast-awareness-update', this.awarenessBroadcast);
@@ -38,8 +46,6 @@ export class CloudAwarenessConnection implements AwarenessConnection {
 
     if (this.socket.connected) {
       this.handleConnect();
-    } else {
-      this.socket.connect();
     }
   }
 
@@ -181,7 +187,10 @@ export class CloudAwarenessConnection implements AwarenessConnection {
 
   handleReject = () => {
     this.socket.off('server-version-rejected', this.handleReject);
-    this.disconnect();
-    this.socket.disconnect();
   };
+
+  dispose() {
+    this.disconnect();
+    this.disposeSocket();
+  }
 }
diff --git a/packages/frontend/core/src/modules/workspace-engine/impls/engine/doc-cloud.ts b/packages/frontend/core/src/modules/workspace-engine/impls/engine/doc-cloud.ts
index 0dadc2f847..5773164db8 100644
--- a/packages/frontend/core/src/modules/workspace-engine/impls/engine/doc-cloud.ts
+++ b/packages/frontend/core/src/modules/workspace-engine/impls/engine/doc-cloud.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import type { WebSocketService } from '@affine/core/modules/cloud';
 import { DebugLogger } from '@affine/debug';
 import {
   ErrorNames,
@@ -20,10 +21,17 @@ export class CloudDocEngineServer implements DocServer {
   interruptCb: ((reason: string) => void) | null = null;
   SEND_TIMEOUT = 30000;
 
+  socket: Socket;
+  disposeSocket: () => void;
+
   constructor(
     private readonly workspaceId: string,
-    private readonly socket: Socket
-  ) {}
+    webSocketService: WebSocketService
+  ) {
+    const { socket, dispose } = webSocketService.connect();
+    this.socket = socket;
+    this.disposeSocket = dispose;
+  }
 
   private async clientHandShake() {
     await this.socket.emitWithAck('space:join', {
@@ -169,17 +177,12 @@ export class CloudDocEngineServer implements DocServer {
     }
   }
   disconnectServer(): void {
-    if (!this.socket) {
-      return;
-    }
-
     this.socket.emit('space:leave', {
       spaceType: 'workspace',
       spaceId: this.workspaceId,
     });
     this.socket.off('server-version-rejected', this.handleVersionRejected);
     this.socket.off('disconnect', this.handleDisconnect);
-    this.socket.disconnect();
   }
   onInterrupted = (cb: (reason: string) => void) => {
     this.interruptCb = cb;
@@ -193,4 +196,9 @@ export class CloudDocEngineServer implements DocServer {
   handleVersionRejected = () => {
     this.interruptCb?.('Client version rejected');
   };
+
+  dispose(): void {
+    this.disconnectServer();
+    this.disposeSocket();
+  }
 }