1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
2<style xmlns="http://purl.org/net/xbiblio/csl" class="in-text" version="1.0" demote-non-dropping-particle="display-and-sort" page-range-format="chicago">
4 <title>Chicago Manual of Style 17th edition (author-date)</title>
5 <id>http://www.zotero.org/styles/chicago-author-date</id>
6 <link href="http://www.zotero.org/styles/chicago-author-date" rel="self"/>
7 <link href="http://www.chicagomanualofstyle.org/tools_citationguide.html" rel="documentation"/>
9 <name>Julian Onions</name>
10 <email>julian.onions@gmail.com</email>
13 <name>Sebastian Karcher</name>
16 <name>Richard Karnesky</name>
17 <email>karnesky+zotero@gmail.com</email>
18 <uri>http://arc.nucapt.northwestern.edu/Richard_Karnesky</uri>
21 <name>Andrew Dunning</name>
22 <email>andrew.dunning@utoronto.ca</email>
23 <uri>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0464-5036</uri>
26 <name>Matthew Roth</name>
27 <email>matthew.g.roth@yale.edu</email>
28 <uri> https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7902-6331</uri>
30 <category citation-format="author-date"/>
31 <category field="generic-base"/>
32 <summary>The author-date variant of the Chicago style</summary>
33 <updated>2018-01-24T12:00:00+00:00</updated>
34 <rights license="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/">This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 License</rights>
36 <locale xml:lang="en">
38 <term name="editor" form="verb-short">ed.</term>
39 <term name="container-author" form="verb">by</term>
40 <term name="translator" form="verb-short">trans.</term>
41 <term name="editortranslator" form="verb">edited and translated by</term>
42 <term name="translator" form="short">trans.</term>
45 <macro name="secondary-contributors">
47 <if type="chapter entry-dictionary entry-encyclopedia paper-conference" match="none">
48 <group delimiter=". ">
49 <names variable="editor translator" delimiter=". ">
50 <label form="verb" text-case="capitalize-first" suffix=" "/>
51 <name and="text" delimiter=", "/>
53 <names variable="director" delimiter=". ">
54 <label form="verb" text-case="capitalize-first" suffix=" "/>
55 <name and="text" delimiter=", "/>
61 <macro name="container-contributors">
63 <if type="chapter entry-dictionary entry-encyclopedia paper-conference" match="any">
64 <group prefix=", " delimiter=", ">
65 <names variable="container-author" delimiter=", ">
66 <label form="verb" suffix=" "/>
67 <name and="text" delimiter=", "/>
69 <names variable="editor translator" delimiter=", ">
70 <label form="verb" suffix=" "/>
71 <name and="text" delimiter=", "/>
78 <names variable="editor">
79 <name name-as-sort-order="first" and="text" sort-separator=", " delimiter=", " delimiter-precedes-last="always"/>
80 <label form="short" prefix=", "/>
83 <macro name="translator">
84 <names variable="translator">
85 <name name-as-sort-order="first" and="text" sort-separator=", " delimiter=", " delimiter-precedes-last="always"/>
86 <label form="short" prefix=", "/>
89 <macro name="recipient">
91 <if type="personal_communication">
94 <text variable="genre" text-case="capitalize-first"/>
97 <text term="letter" text-case="capitalize-first"/>
102 <names variable="recipient" delimiter=", ">
103 <label form="verb" prefix=" " text-case="lowercase" suffix=" "/>
104 <name and="text" delimiter=", "/>
107 <macro name="substitute-title">
109 <if type="article-magazine article-newspaper review review-book" match="any">
110 <text macro="container-title"/>
114 <macro name="contributors">
115 <group delimiter=". ">
116 <names variable="author">
117 <name and="text" name-as-sort-order="first" sort-separator=", " delimiter=", " delimiter-precedes-last="always"/>
118 <label form="short" prefix=", "/>
120 <names variable="editor"/>
121 <names variable="translator"/>
122 <names variable="director"/>
123 <text macro="substitute-title"/>
124 <text macro="title"/>
127 <text macro="recipient"/>
130 <macro name="contributors-short">
131 <names variable="author">
132 <name form="short" and="text" delimiter=", " initialize-with=". "/>
134 <names variable="editor"/>
135 <names variable="translator"/>
136 <names variable="director"/>
137 <text macro="substitute-title"/>
138 <text macro="title"/>
142 <macro name="interviewer">
143 <names variable="interviewer" delimiter=", ">
144 <label form="verb" prefix=" " text-case="capitalize-first" suffix=" "/>
145 <name and="text" delimiter=", "/>
148 <macro name="archive">
149 <group delimiter=". ">
150 <text variable="archive_location" text-case="capitalize-first"/>
151 <text variable="archive"/>
152 <text variable="archive-place"/>
155 <macro name="access">
156 <group delimiter=". ">
158 <if type="graphic report" match="any">
159 <text macro="archive"/>
161 <else-if type="article-journal bill book chapter legal_case legislation motion_picture paper-conference" match="none">
162 <text macro="archive"/>
166 <if type="webpage post-weblog" match="any">
167 <date variable="issued" form="text"/>
171 <if variable="issued" match="none">
172 <group delimiter=" ">
173 <text term="accessed" text-case="capitalize-first"/>
174 <date variable="accessed" form="text"/>
179 <if type="legal_case" match="none">
182 <text variable="DOI" prefix="https://doi.org/"/>
185 <text variable="URL"/>
194 <if variable="title" match="none">
196 <if type="personal_communication" match="none">
197 <text variable="genre" text-case="capitalize-first"/>
201 <else-if type="bill book graphic legislation motion_picture song" match="any">
202 <text variable="title" text-case="title" font-style="italic"/>
203 <group prefix=" (" suffix=")" delimiter=" ">
204 <text term="version"/>
205 <text variable="version"/>
208 <else-if variable="reviewed-author">
210 <if variable="reviewed-title">
211 <group delimiter=". ">
212 <text variable="title" text-case="title" quotes="true"/>
213 <group delimiter=", ">
214 <text variable="reviewed-title" text-case="title" font-style="italic" prefix="Review of "/>
215 <names variable="reviewed-author">
216 <label form="verb-short" text-case="lowercase" suffix=" "/>
217 <name and="text" delimiter=", "/>
223 <group delimiter=", ">
224 <text variable="title" text-case="title" font-style="italic" prefix="Review of "/>
225 <names variable="reviewed-author">
226 <label form="verb-short" text-case="lowercase" suffix=" "/>
227 <name and="text" delimiter=", "/>
233 <else-if type="legal_case interview patent" match="any">
234 <text variable="title"/>
237 <text variable="title" text-case="title" quotes="true"/>
241 <macro name="edition">
243 <if type="bill book graphic legal_case legislation motion_picture report song" match="any">
245 <if is-numeric="edition">
246 <group delimiter=" " prefix=". ">
247 <number variable="edition" form="ordinal"/>
248 <text term="edition" form="short" strip-periods="true"/>
252 <text variable="edition" text-case="capitalize-first" prefix=". "/>
256 <else-if type="chapter entry-dictionary entry-encyclopedia paper-conference" match="any">
258 <if is-numeric="edition">
259 <group delimiter=" " prefix=", ">
260 <number variable="edition" form="ordinal"/>
261 <text term="edition" form="short"/>
265 <text variable="edition" prefix=", "/>
271 <macro name="locators">
273 <if type="article-journal">
275 <if variable="volume">
276 <text variable="volume" prefix=" "/>
277 <group prefix=" (" suffix=")">
279 <if variable="issue">
280 <text variable="issue"/>
283 <date variable="issued">
284 <date-part name="month"/>
290 <else-if variable="issue">
291 <group delimiter=" " prefix=", ">
292 <text term="issue" form="short"/>
293 <text variable="issue"/>
294 <date variable="issued" prefix="(" suffix=")">
295 <date-part name="month"/>
300 <date variable="issued" prefix=", ">
301 <date-part name="month"/>
306 <else-if type="legal_case">
307 <text variable="volume" prefix=", "/>
308 <text variable="container-title" prefix=" "/>
309 <text variable="page" prefix=" "/>
311 <else-if type="bill book graphic legal_case legislation motion_picture report song" match="any">
312 <group prefix=". " delimiter=". ">
314 <text term="volume" form="short" text-case="capitalize-first" suffix=" "/>
315 <number variable="volume" form="numeric"/>
318 <number variable="number-of-volumes" form="numeric"/>
319 <text term="volume" form="short" prefix=" " plural="true"/>
323 <else-if type="chapter entry-dictionary entry-encyclopedia paper-conference" match="any">
325 <if variable="page" match="none">
327 <text term="volume" form="short" text-case="capitalize-first" suffix=" "/>
328 <number variable="volume" form="numeric"/>
335 <macro name="locators-chapter">
337 <if type="chapter entry-dictionary entry-encyclopedia paper-conference" match="any">
341 <text variable="volume" suffix=":"/>
342 <text variable="page"/>
349 <macro name="locators-article">
351 <if type="article-newspaper">
352 <group prefix=", " delimiter=", ">
353 <group delimiter=" ">
354 <text variable="edition"/>
355 <text term="edition"/>
358 <text term="section" form="short" suffix=" "/>
359 <text variable="section"/>
363 <else-if type="article-journal">
365 <if variable="volume issue" match="any">
366 <text variable="page" prefix=": "/>
369 <text variable="page" prefix=", "/>
375 <macro name="point-locators">
377 <if variable="locator">
379 <if locator="page" match="none">
381 <if type="bill book graphic legal_case legislation motion_picture report song" match="any">
383 <if variable="volume">
385 <text term="volume" form="short" suffix=" "/>
386 <number variable="volume" form="numeric"/>
387 <label variable="locator" form="short" prefix=", " suffix=" "/>
391 <label variable="locator" form="short" suffix=" "/>
396 <label variable="locator" form="short" suffix=" "/>
400 <else-if type="bill book graphic legal_case legislation motion_picture report song" match="any">
401 <number variable="volume" form="numeric" suffix=":"/>
404 <text variable="locator"/>
408 <macro name="container-prefix">
409 <text term="in" text-case="capitalize-first"/>
411 <macro name="container-title">
413 <if type="chapter entry-dictionary entry-encyclopedia paper-conference" match="any">
414 <text macro="container-prefix" suffix=" "/>
419 <text variable="container-title" text-case="title"/>
421 <else-if type="legal_case" match="none">
422 <group delimiter=" ">
423 <text variable="container-title" text-case="title" font-style="italic"/>
425 <if type="post-weblog">
426 <text value="(blog)"/>
433 <macro name="publisher">
434 <group delimiter=": ">
435 <text variable="publisher-place"/>
436 <text variable="publisher"/>
441 <if variable="issued">
442 <group delimiter=" ">
443 <date variable="original-date" form="text" date-parts="year" prefix="(" suffix=")"/>
444 <date variable="issued">
445 <date-part name="year"/>
449 <else-if variable="status">
450 <text variable="status" text-case="capitalize-first"/>
453 <text term="no date" form="short"/>
457 <macro name="date-in-text">
459 <if variable="issued">
460 <group delimiter=" ">
461 <date variable="original-date" form="text" date-parts="year" prefix="[" suffix="]"/>
462 <date variable="issued">
463 <date-part name="year"/>
467 <else-if variable="status">
468 <text variable="status"/>
471 <text term="no date" form="short"/>
475 <macro name="day-month">
476 <date variable="issued">
477 <date-part name="month"/>
478 <date-part name="day" prefix=" "/>
481 <macro name="collection-title">
483 <if match="none" type="article-journal">
485 <if match="none" is-numeric="collection-number">
486 <group delimiter=", ">
487 <text variable="collection-title" text-case="title"/>
488 <text variable="collection-number"/>
492 <group delimiter=" ">
493 <text variable="collection-title" text-case="title"/>
494 <text variable="collection-number"/>
501 <macro name="collection-title-journal">
503 <if type="article-journal">
504 <group delimiter=" ">
505 <text variable="collection-title"/>
506 <text variable="collection-number"/>
513 <text term="presented at" suffix=" "/>
514 <text variable="event"/>
517 <macro name="description">
519 <if type="interview">
520 <group delimiter=". ">
521 <text macro="interviewer"/>
522 <text variable="medium" text-case="capitalize-first"/>
525 <else-if type="patent">
526 <group delimiter=" " prefix=". ">
527 <text variable="authority"/>
528 <text variable="number"/>
532 <text variable="medium" text-case="capitalize-first" prefix=". "/>
536 <if variable="title" match="none"/>
537 <else-if type="thesis personal_communication speech" match="any"/>
539 <group delimiter=" " prefix=". ">
540 <text variable="genre" text-case="capitalize-first"/>
543 <text variable="number"/>
552 <if type="legal_case">
553 <text variable="authority" prefix=". "/>
555 <else-if type="speech">
556 <group prefix=". " delimiter=", ">
557 <group delimiter=" ">
558 <text variable="genre" text-case="capitalize-first"/>
559 <text macro="event"/>
561 <text variable="event-place"/>
562 <text macro="day-month"/>
565 <else-if type="article-newspaper article-magazine personal_communication" match="any">
566 <date variable="issued" form="text" prefix=", "/>
568 <else-if type="patent">
569 <group delimiter=", " prefix=", ">
570 <group delimiter=" ">
571 <!--Needs Localization-->
572 <text value="filed"/>
573 <date variable="submitted" form="text"/>
575 <group delimiter=" ">
577 <if variable="issued submitted" match="all">
581 <!--Needs Localization-->
582 <text value="issued"/>
583 <date variable="issued" form="text"/>
587 <else-if type="article-journal" match="any"/>
589 <group prefix=". " delimiter=", ">
592 <text variable="genre" text-case="capitalize-first"/>
595 <text macro="publisher"/>
600 <citation et-al-min="4" et-al-use-first="1" disambiguate-add-year-suffix="true" disambiguate-add-names="true" disambiguate-add-givenname="true" givenname-disambiguation-rule="primary-name" collapse="year" after-collapse-delimiter="; ">
601 <layout prefix="(" suffix=")" delimiter="; ">
602 <group delimiter=", ">
604 <if variable="issued accessed" match="any">
605 <group delimiter=" ">
606 <text macro="contributors-short"/>
607 <text macro="date-in-text"/>
610 <!---comma before forthcoming and n.d.-->
612 <group delimiter=", ">
613 <text macro="contributors-short"/>
614 <text macro="date-in-text"/>
618 <text macro="point-locators"/>
622 <bibliography hanging-indent="true" et-al-min="11" et-al-use-first="7" subsequent-author-substitute="———" entry-spacing="0">
624 <key macro="contributors"/>
625 <key variable="issued"/>
626 <key variable="title"/>
629 <group delimiter=". ">
630 <text macro="contributors"/>
632 <text macro="title"/>
634 <text macro="description"/>
635 <text macro="secondary-contributors" prefix=". "/>
636 <text macro="container-title" prefix=". "/>
637 <text macro="container-contributors"/>
638 <text macro="edition"/>
639 <text macro="locators-chapter"/>
640 <text macro="collection-title-journal" prefix=", " suffix=", "/>
641 <text macro="locators"/>
642 <text macro="collection-title" prefix=". "/>
643 <text macro="issue"/>
644 <text macro="locators-article"/>
645 <text macro="access" prefix=". "/>
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