@@ -1,14 +1,14 @@
1−% Pandoc User's Guide
2−% John MacFarlane
3−% November 25, 2018
1+---
2+title: Pandoc User's Guide
3+author: John MacFarlane
4+date: June 20, 2021
5+---
46
5−Synopsis
6−========
7+# Synopsis
78
89`pandoc` [*options*] [*input-file*]...
910
10−Description
11−===========
11+# Description
1212
1313Pandoc is a [Haskell] library for converting from one markup format to
1414another, and a command-line tool that uses this library.
@@ -40,8 +40,7 @@ model. While conversions from pandoc's Markdown to all formats aspire
4040to be perfect, conversions from formats more expressive than pandoc's
4141Markdown can be expected to be lossy.
4242
43−Using pandoc
44−------------
43+## Using pandoc
4544
4645If no *input-files* are specified, input is read from *stdin*.
4746Output goes to *stdout* by default. For output to a file,
@@ -62,8 +61,7 @@ If multiple input files are given, `pandoc` will concatenate them all (with
6261blank lines between them) before parsing. (Use `--file-scope` to parse files
6362individually.)
6463
65−Specifying formats
66−------------------
64+## Specifying formats
6765
6866The format of the input and output can be specified explicitly using
6967command-line options. The input format can be specified using the
@@ -95,8 +93,7 @@ If no input file is specified (so that input comes from *stdin*), or
9593if the input files' extensions are unknown, the input format will
9694be assumed to be Markdown.
9795
98−Character encoding
99−------------------
96+## Character encoding
10097
10198Pandoc uses the UTF-8 character encoding for both input and output.
10299If your local character encoding is not UTF-8, you
@@ -109,10 +106,9 @@ RTF, OPML, DocBook, and Texinfo), information about
109106the character encoding is included in the document header, which
110107will only be included if you use the `-s/--standalone` option.
111108
112−[`iconv`]: http://www.gnu.org/software/libiconv/
109+[`iconv`]: https://www.gnu.org/software/libiconv/
113110
114−Creating a PDF
115−--------------
111+## Creating a PDF
116112
117113To produce a PDF, specify an output file with a `.pdf` extension:
118114
@@ -120,20 +116,18 @@ To produce a PDF, specify an output file with a `.pdf` extension:
120116
121117By default, pandoc will use LaTeX to create the PDF, which requires
122118that a LaTeX engine be installed (see `--pdf-engine` below).
123−
124−Alternatively, pandoc can use [ConTeXt], `pdfroff`, or any of the
125−following HTML/CSS-to-PDF-engines, to create a PDF: [`wkhtmltopdf`],
126−[`weasyprint`] or [`prince`].
127−To do this, specify an output file with a `.pdf` extension, as before,
128−but add the `--pdf-engine` option or `-t context`, `-t html`, or `-t ms`
129−to the command line (`-t html` defaults to `--pdf-engine=wkhtmltopdf`).
130−
131−PDF output can be controlled using [variables for LaTeX] (if
132−LaTeX is used) and [variables for ConTeXt] (if ConTeXt is used).
133−When using an HTML/CSS-to-PDF-engine, `--css` affects the output.
134−If `wkhtmltopdf` is used, then the variables `margin-left`,
135−`margin-right`, `margin-top`, `margin-bottom`, `footer-html`,
136−`header-html` and `papersize` will affect the output.
119+Alternatively, pandoc can use ConTeXt, roff ms, or HTML as an
120+intermediate format. To do this, specify an output file with a
121+`.pdf` extension, as before, but add the `--pdf-engine` option
122+or `-t context`, `-t html`, or `-t ms` to the command line.
123+The tool used to generate the PDF from the intermediate format
124+may be specified using `--pdf-engine`.
125+
126+You can control the PDF style using variables, depending on
127+the intermediate format used: see [variables for LaTeX],
128+[variables for ConTeXt], [variables for `wkhtmltopdf`],
129+[variables for ms]. When HTML is used as an intermediate
130+format, the output can be styled using `--css`.
137131
138132To debug the PDF creation, it can be useful to look at the intermediate
139133representation: instead of `-o test.pdf`, use for example `-s -o test.tex`
@@ -142,102 +136,105 @@ to output the generated LaTeX. You can then test it with `pdflatex test.tex`.
142136When using LaTeX, the following packages need to be available
143137(they are included with all recent versions of [TeX Live]):
144138[`amsfonts`], [`amsmath`], [`lm`], [`unicode-math`],
145−[`ifxetex`], [`ifluatex`], [`listings`] (if the
139+[`iftex`], [`listings`] (if the
146140`--listings` option is used), [`fancyvrb`], [`longtable`],
147−[`booktabs`], [`graphicx`] and [`grffile`] (if the document
148−contains images), [`hyperref`], [`xcolor`] (with `colorlinks`),
141+[`booktabs`], [`graphicx`] (if the document
142+contains images), [`hyperref`], [`xcolor`],
149143[`ulem`], [`geometry`] (with the `geometry` variable set),
150144[`setspace`] (with `linestretch`), and
151145[`babel`] (with `lang`). The use of `xelatex` or `lualatex` as
152−the LaTeX engine requires [`fontspec`]. `xelatex` uses
153−[`polyglossia`] (with `lang`), [`xecjk`], and [`bidi`] (with the
154−`dir` variable set). If the `mathspec` variable is set,
155−`xelatex` will use [`mathspec`] instead of [`unicode-math`].
156−The [`upquote`] and [`microtype`] packages are used if
157−available, and [`csquotes`] will be used for [typography]
158−if `\usepackage{csquotes}` is present in the template or
159−included via `/H/--include-in-header`. The [`natbib`],
160−[`biblatex`], [`bibtex`], and [`biber`] packages can optionally
161−be used for [citation rendering]. The following packages
162−will be used to improve output quality if present, but
163−pandoc does not require them to be present:
164−[`upquote`] (for straight quotes in verbatim environments),
165−[`microtype`] (for better spacing adjustments),
166−[`parskip`] (for better inter-paragraph spaces),
167−[`xurl`] (for better line breaks in URLs),
168−[`bookmark`] (for better PDF bookmarks),
169−[`footnote`] (to fix footnotes in tables).
170−
146+the PDF engine requires [`fontspec`]. `lualatex` uses
147+[`selnolig`]. `xelatex` uses [`polyglossia`] (with `lang`),
148+[`xecjk`], and [`bidi`] (with the `dir` variable set). If the
149+`mathspec` variable is set, `xelatex` will use [`mathspec`]
150+instead of [`unicode-math`]. The [`upquote`] and [`microtype`]
151+packages are used if available, and [`csquotes`] will be used
152+for [typography] if the `csquotes` variable or metadata field is
153+set to a true value. The [`natbib`], [`biblatex`], [`bibtex`],
154+and [`biber`] packages can optionally be used for [citation
155+rendering]. The following packages will be used to improve
156+output quality if present, but pandoc does not require them to
157+be present: [`upquote`] (for straight quotes in verbatim
158+environments), [`microtype`] (for better spacing adjustments),
159+[`parskip`] (for better inter-paragraph spaces), [`xurl`] (for
160+better line breaks in URLs), [`bookmark`] (for better PDF
161+bookmarks), and [`footnotehyper`] or [`footnote`] (to allow
162+footnotes in tables).
163+
164+[TeX Live]: https://www.tug.org/texlive/
171165[`amsfonts`]: https://ctan.org/pkg/amsfonts
172166[`amsmath`]: https://ctan.org/pkg/amsmath
173−[`lm`]: https://ctan.org/pkg/lm
174−[`ifxetex`]: https://ctan.org/pkg/ifxetex
175−[`ifluatex`]: https://ctan.org/pkg/ifluatex
176−[`listings`]: https://ctan.org/pkg/listings
177−[`fancyvrb`]: https://ctan.org/pkg/fancyvrb
178−[`longtable`]: https://ctan.org/pkg/longtable
167+[`babel`]: https://ctan.org/pkg/babel
168+[`biber`]: https://ctan.org/pkg/biber
169+[`biblatex`]: https://ctan.org/pkg/biblatex
170+[`bibtex`]: https://ctan.org/pkg/bibtex
171+[`bidi`]: https://ctan.org/pkg/bidi
172+[`bookmark`]: https://ctan.org/pkg/bookmark
179173[`booktabs`]: https://ctan.org/pkg/booktabs
174+[`csquotes`]: https://ctan.org/pkg/csquotes
175+[`fancyvrb`]: https://ctan.org/pkg/fancyvrb
176+[`fontspec`]: https://ctan.org/pkg/fontspec
177+[`footnote`]: https://ctan.org/pkg/footnote
178+[`footnotehyper`]: https://ctan.org/pkg/footnotehyper
179+[`geometry`]: https://ctan.org/pkg/geometry
180180[`graphicx`]: https://ctan.org/pkg/graphicx
181181[`grffile`]: https://ctan.org/pkg/grffile
182−[`geometry`]: https://ctan.org/pkg/geometry
183−[`setspace`]: https://ctan.org/pkg/setspace
184−[`xecjk`]: https://ctan.org/pkg/xecjk
185182[`hyperref`]: https://ctan.org/pkg/hyperref
186−[`ulem`]: https://ctan.org/pkg/ulem
187−[`babel`]: https://ctan.org/pkg/babel
188−[`bidi`]: https://ctan.org/pkg/bidi
183+[`iftex`]: https://ctan.org/pkg/iftex
184+[`listings`]: https://ctan.org/pkg/listings
185+[`lm`]: https://ctan.org/pkg/lm
186+[`longtable`]: https://ctan.org/pkg/longtable
189187[`mathspec`]: https://ctan.org/pkg/mathspec
190−[`unicode-math`]: https://ctan.org/pkg/unicode-math
191−[`polyglossia`]: https://ctan.org/pkg/polyglossia
192−[`fontspec`]: https://ctan.org/pkg/fontspec
193−[`upquote`]: https://ctan.org/pkg/upquote
194188[`microtype`]: https://ctan.org/pkg/microtype
195−[`csquotes`]: https://ctan.org/pkg/csquotes
196189[`natbib`]: https://ctan.org/pkg/natbib
197−[`biblatex`]: https://ctan.org/pkg/biblatex
198−[`bibtex`]: https://ctan.org/pkg/bibtex
199−[`biber`]: https://ctan.org/pkg/biber
200−[TeX Live]: http://www.tug.org/texlive/
201−[`wkhtmltopdf`]: https://wkhtmltopdf.org
202−[`weasyprint`]: http://weasyprint.org
190+[`parskip`]: https://ctan.org/pkg/parskip
191+[`polyglossia`]: https://ctan.org/pkg/polyglossia
203192[`prince`]: https://www.princexml.com/
193+[`setspace`]: https://ctan.org/pkg/setspace
194+[`ulem`]: https://ctan.org/pkg/ulem
195+[`unicode-math`]: https://ctan.org/pkg/unicode-math
204196[`upquote`]: https://ctan.org/pkg/upquote
205−[`microtype`]: https://ctan.org/pkg/microtype
206−[`parskip`]: https://ctan.org/pkg/parskip
197+[`weasyprint`]: https://weasyprint.org
198+[`wkhtmltopdf`]: https://wkhtmltopdf.org
199+[`xcolor`]: https://ctan.org/pkg/xcolor
200+[`xecjk`]: https://ctan.org/pkg/xecjk
207201[`xurl`]: https://ctan.org/pkg/xurl
208−[`bookmark`]: https://ctan.org/pkg/bookmark
209−[`footnote`]: https://ctan.org/pkg/footnote
202+[`selnolig`]: https://ctan.org/pkg/selnolig
210203
211204
212−Reading from the Web
213−--------------------
214205
215−Instead of an input file, an absolute URI may be given. In this case
206+## Reading from the Web
207+
208+Instead of an input file, an absolute URI may be given. In this case
216209pandoc will fetch the content using HTTP:
217210
218− pandoc -f html -t markdown http://www.fsf.org
211+ pandoc -f html -t markdown https://www.fsf.org
219212
220213It is possible to supply a custom User-Agent string or other
221214header when requesting a document from a URL:
222215
223216 pandoc -f html -t markdown --request-header User-Agent:"Mozilla/5.0" \
224− http://www.fsf.org
217+ https://www.fsf.org
225218
226−Options
227−=======
219+# Options
228220
229−General options {.options}
230−---------------
221+## General options {.options}
231222
232223`-f` *FORMAT*, `-r` *FORMAT*, `--from=`*FORMAT*, `--read=`*FORMAT*
233224
234225: Specify input format. *FORMAT* can be:
235226
236227 ::: {#input-formats}
228+ - `bibtex` ([BibTeX] bibliography)
229+ - `biblatex` ([BibLaTeX] bibliography)
237230 - `commonmark` ([CommonMark] Markdown)
231+ - `commonmark_x` ([CommonMark] Markdown with extensions)
238232 - `creole` ([Creole 1.0])
233+ - `csljson` ([CSL JSON] bibliography)
234+ - `csv` ([CSV] table)
239235 - `docbook` ([DocBook])
240236 - `docx` ([Word docx])
237+ - `dokuwiki` ([DokuWiki markup])
241238 - `epub` ([EPUB])
242239 - `fb2` ([FictionBook2] e-book)
243240 - `gfm` ([GitHub-Flavored Markdown]),
@@ -246,7 +243,9 @@ General options {.options}
246243 if you need extensions not supported in [`gfm`](#markdown-variants).
247244 - `haddock` ([Haddock markup])
248245 - `html` ([HTML])
246+ - `ipynb` ([Jupyter notebook])
249247 - `jats` ([JATS] XML)
248+ - `jira` ([Jira]/Confluence wiki markup)
250249 - `json` (JSON version of native AST)
251250 - `latex` ([LaTeX])
252251 - `markdown` ([Pandoc's Markdown])
@@ -279,10 +278,14 @@ General options {.options}
279278: Specify output format. *FORMAT* can be:
280279
281280 ::: {#output-formats}
282− - `asciidoc` ([AsciiDoc])
281+ - `asciidoc` ([AsciiDoc]) or `asciidoctor` ([AsciiDoctor])
283282 - `beamer` ([LaTeX beamer][`beamer`] slide show)
283+ - `bibtex` ([BibTeX] bibliography)
284+ - `biblatex` ([BibLaTeX] bibliography)
284285 - `commonmark` ([CommonMark] Markdown)
286+ - `commonmark_x` ([CommonMark] Markdown with extensions)
285287 - `context` ([ConTeXt])
288+ - `csljson` ([CSL JSON] bibliography)
286289 - `docbook` or `docbook4` ([DocBook] 4)
287290 - `docbook5` (DocBook 5)
288291 - `docx` ([Word docx])
@@ -298,7 +301,12 @@ General options {.options}
298301 - `html` or `html5` ([HTML], i.e. [HTML5]/XHTML [polyglot markup])
299302 - `html4` ([XHTML] 1.0 Transitional)
300303 - `icml` ([InDesign ICML])
301− - `jats` ([JATS] XML)
304+ - `ipynb` ([Jupyter notebook])
305+ - `jats_archiving` ([JATS] XML, Archiving and Interchange Tag Set)
306+ - `jats_articleauthoring` ([JATS] XML, Article Authoring Tag Set)
307+ - `jats_publishing` ([JATS] XML, Journal Publishing Tag Set)
308+ - `jats` (alias for `jats_archiving`)
309+ - `jira` ([Jira]/Confluence wiki markup)
302310 - `json` (JSON version of native AST)
303311 - `latex` ([LaTeX])
304312 - `man` ([roff man])
@@ -314,6 +322,7 @@ General options {.options}
314322 - `opml` ([OPML])
315323 - `opendocument` ([OpenDocument])
316324 - `org` ([Emacs Org mode])
325+ - `pdf` ([PDF])
317326 - `plain` (plain text),
318327 - `pptx` ([PowerPoint] slide show)
319328 - `rst` ([reStructuredText])
@@ -326,11 +335,12 @@ General options {.options}
326335 - `revealjs` ([reveal.js] HTML5 + JavaScript slide show)
327336 - `s5` ([S5] HTML and JavaScript slide show)
328337 - `tei` ([TEI Simple])
338+ - `xwiki` ([XWiki markup])
329339 - `zimwiki` ([ZimWiki markup])
330− - the path of a custom lua writer, see [Custom writers] below
340+ - the path of a custom Lua writer, see [Custom writers] below
331341 :::
332342
333− Note that `odt`, `docx`, and `epub` output will not be directed
343+ Note that `odt`, `docx`, `epub`, and `pdf` output will not be directed
334344 to *stdout* unless forced with `-o -`.
335345
336346 Extensions can be individually enabled or
@@ -348,23 +358,32 @@ General options {.options}
348358
349359: Specify the user data directory to search for pandoc data files.
350360 If this option is not specified, the default user data directory
351− will be used. This is, in UNIX:
352−
353− $HOME/.pandoc
354−
355− in Windows XP:
356−
357− C:\Documents And Settings\USERNAME\Application Data\pandoc
358−
359− and in Windows Vista or later:
360−
361− C:\Users\USERNAME\AppData\Roaming\pandoc
362−
361+ will be used. On \*nix and macOS systems this will be the `pandoc`
362+ subdirectory of the XDG data directory (by default,
363+ `$HOME/.local/share`, overridable by setting the `XDG_DATA_HOME`
364+ environment variable). If that directory does not exist and
365+ `$HOME/.pandoc` exists, it will be used (for backwards compatibility).
366+ On Windows the default user data directory is
367+ `C:\Users\USERNAME\AppData\Roaming\pandoc`.
363368 You can find the default user data directory on your system by
364369 looking at the output of `pandoc --version`.
365− A `reference.odt`, `reference.docx`, `epub.css`, `templates`,
366− `slidy`, `slideous`, or `s5` directory
367− placed in this directory will override pandoc's normal defaults.
370+ Data files placed in this directory (for example, `reference.odt`,
371+ `reference.docx`, `epub.css`, `templates`) will override
372+ pandoc's normal defaults.
373+
374+`-d` *FILE*, `--defaults=`*FILE*
375+
376+: Specify a set of default option settings. *FILE* is a YAML
377+ file whose fields correspond to command-line option
378+ settings. All options for document conversion, including input
379+ and output files, can be set using a defaults file. The file will
380+ be searched for first in the working directory, and then in
381+ the `defaults` subdirectory of the user data directory
382+ (see `--data-dir`). The `.yaml` extension may be omitted.
383+ See the section [Default files] for more information on the
384+ file format. Settings from the defaults file may be
385+ overridden or extended by subsequent options on the command
386+ line.
368387
369388`--bash-completion`
370389
@@ -375,8 +394,7 @@ General options {.options}
375394
376395`--verbose`
377396
378−: Give verbose debugging output. Currently this only has an effect
379− with PDF output.
397+: Give verbose debugging output.
380398
381399`--quiet`
382400
@@ -402,7 +420,7 @@ General options {.options}
402420
403421`--list-extensions`[`=`*FORMAT*]
404422
405−: List supported extensions, one per line, preceded
423+: List supported extensions for *FORMAT*, one per line, preceded
406424 by a `+` or `-` indicating whether it is enabled by default
407425 in *FORMAT*. If *FORMAT* is not specified, defaults for
408426 pandoc's Markdown are given.
@@ -425,62 +443,88 @@ General options {.options}
425443
426444: Show usage message.
427445
428−[Markdown]: http://daringfireball.net/projects/markdown/
429−[CommonMark]: http://commonmark.org
446+[Markdown]: https://daringfireball.net/projects/markdown/
447+[CommonMark]: https://commonmark.org
430448[PHP Markdown Extra]: https://michelf.ca/projects/php-markdown/extra/
431449[GitHub-Flavored Markdown]: https://help.github.com/articles/github-flavored-markdown/
432−[MultiMarkdown]: http://fletcherpenney.net/multimarkdown/
433−[reStructuredText]: http://docutils.sourceforge.net/docs/ref/rst/introduction.html
434−[S5]: http://meyerweb.com/eric/tools/s5/
435−[Slidy]: http://www.w3.org/Talks/Tools/Slidy/
436−[Slideous]: http://goessner.net/articles/slideous/
437−[HTML]: http://www.w3.org/html/
438−[HTML5]: http://www.w3.org/TR/html5/
450+[MultiMarkdown]: https://fletcherpenney.net/multimarkdown/
451+[reStructuredText]: https://docutils.sourceforge.io/docs/ref/rst/introduction.html
452+[S5]: https://meyerweb.com/eric/tools/s5/
453+[Slidy]: https://www.w3.org/Talks/Tools/Slidy2/
454+[Slideous]: https://goessner.net/articles/slideous/
455+[HTML]: https://www.w3.org/html/
456+[HTML5]: https://html.spec.whatwg.org/
439457[polyglot markup]: https://www.w3.org/TR/html-polyglot/
440−[XHTML]: http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/
441−[LaTeX]: http://latex-project.org
458+[XHTML]: https://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/
459+[LaTeX]: https://www.latex-project.org/
442460[`beamer`]: https://ctan.org/pkg/beamer
443−[Beamer User's Guide]: http://ctan.math.utah.edu/ctan/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/beamer/doc/beameruserguide.pdf
444−[ConTeXt]: http://www.contextgarden.net/
445−[Rich Text Format]: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rich_Text_Format
446−[DocBook]: http://docbook.org
461+[Beamer User's Guide]: http://mirrors.ctan.org/macros/latex/contrib/beamer/doc/beameruserguide.pdf
462+[ConTeXt]: https://www.contextgarden.net/
463+[Rich Text Format]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rich_Text_Format
464+[DocBook]: https://docbook.org
447465[JATS]: https://jats.nlm.nih.gov
448−[txt2tags]: http://txt2tags.org
466+[Jira]: https://jira.atlassian.com/secure/WikiRendererHelpAction.jspa?section=all
467+[txt2tags]: https://txt2tags.org
449468[EPUB]: http://idpf.org/epub
450469[OPML]: http://dev.opml.org/spec2.html
451470[OpenDocument]: http://opendocument.xml.org
452−[ODT]: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenDocument
453−[Textile]: http://redcloth.org/textile
471+[ODT]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenDocument
472+[Textile]: https://www.promptworks.com/textile
454473[MediaWiki markup]: https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Help:Formatting
455474[DokuWiki markup]: https://www.dokuwiki.org/dokuwiki
456−[ZimWiki markup]: http://zim-wiki.org/manual/Help/Wiki_Syntax.html
457−[TWiki markup]: http://twiki.org/cgi-bin/view/TWiki/TextFormattingRules
475+[ZimWiki markup]: https://zim-wiki.org/manual/Help/Wiki_Syntax.html
476+[XWiki markup]: https://www.xwiki.org/xwiki/bin/view/Documentation/UserGuide/Features/XWikiSyntax/
477+[TWiki markup]: https://twiki.org/cgi-bin/view/TWiki/TextFormattingRules
458478[TikiWiki markup]: https://doc.tiki.org/Wiki-Syntax-Text#The_Markup_Language_Wiki-Syntax
459479[Haddock markup]: https://www.haskell.org/haddock/doc/html/ch03s08.html
460480[Creole 1.0]: http://www.wikicreole.org/wiki/Creole1.0
461−[roff man]: http://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man7/groff_man.7.html
462−[roff ms]: http://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man7/groff_ms.7.html
481+[CSV]: https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4180
482+[roff man]: https://man.cx/groff_man(7)
483+[roff ms]: https://man.cx/groff_ms(7)
463484[Haskell]: https://www.haskell.org
464−[GNU Texinfo]: http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/
465−[Emacs Org mode]: http://orgmode.org
466−[AsciiDoc]: http://www.methods.co.nz/asciidoc/
467−[DZSlides]: http://paulrouget.com/dzslides/
485+[GNU Texinfo]: https://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/
486+[Emacs Org mode]: https://orgmode.org
487+[AsciiDoc]: https://www.methods.co.nz/asciidoc/
488+[AsciiDoctor]: https://asciidoctor.org/
489+[DZSlides]: https://paulrouget.com/dzslides/
468490[Word docx]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Office_Open_XML
469491[PDF]: https://www.adobe.com/pdf/
470−[reveal.js]: http://lab.hakim.se/reveal-js/
492+[reveal.js]: https://revealjs.com/
471493[FictionBook2]: http://www.fictionbook.org/index.php/Eng:XML_Schema_Fictionbook_2.1
472−[InDesign ICML]: http://wwwimages.adobe.com/www.adobe.com/content/dam/acom/en/devnet/indesign/sdk/cs6/idml/idml-cookbook.pdf
494+[Jupyter notebook]: https://nbformat.readthedocs.io/en/latest/
495+[InDesign ICML]: https://wwwimages.adobe.com/www.adobe.com/content/dam/acom/en/devnet/indesign/sdk/cs6/idml/idml-cookbook.pdf
473496[TEI Simple]: https://github.com/TEIC/TEI-Simple
474497[Muse]: https://amusewiki.org/library/manual
475498[PowerPoint]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_PowerPoint
476499[Vimwiki]: https://vimwiki.github.io
477−
478−Reader options {.options}
479−--------------
500+[CSL JSON]: https://citeproc-js.readthedocs.io/en/latest/csl-json/markup.html
501+[BibTeX]: https://ctan.org/pkg/bibtex
502+[BibLaTeX]: https://ctan.org/pkg/biblatex
503+
504+## Reader options {.options}
505+
506+`--shift-heading-level-by=`*NUMBER*
507+
508+: Shift heading levels by a positive or negative integer.
509+ For example, with `--shift-heading-level-by=-1`, level 2
510+ headings become level 1 headings, and level 3 headings
511+ become level 2 headings. Headings cannot have a level
512+ less than 1, so a heading that would be shifted below level 1
513+ becomes a regular paragraph. Exception: with a shift of -N,
514+ a level-N heading at the beginning of the document
515+ replaces the metadata title. `--shift-heading-level-by=-1`
516+ is a good choice when converting HTML or Markdown documents that
517+ use an initial level-1 heading for the document title and
518+ level-2+ headings for sections. `--shift-heading-level-by=1`
519+ may be a good choice for converting Markdown documents that
520+ use level-1 headings for sections to HTML, since pandoc uses
521+ a level-1 heading to render the document title.
480522
481523`--base-header-level=`*NUMBER*
482524
483−: Specify the base level for headers (defaults to 1).
525+: *Deprecated. Use `--shift-heading-level-by`=X instead,
526+ where X = NUMBER - 1.* Specify the base level for headings
527+ (defaults to 1).
484528
485529`--strip-empty-paragraphs`
486530
@@ -545,41 +589,32 @@ Reader options {.options}
545589
546590 3. `$PATH` (executable only)
547591
548− Filters and lua-filters are applied in the order specified
549− on the command line.
592+ Filters, Lua-filters, and citeproc processing are applied in
593+ the order specified on the command line.
550594
551−`--lua-filter=`*SCRIPT*
595+`-L` *SCRIPT*, `--lua-filter=`*SCRIPT*
552596
553597: Transform the document in a similar fashion as JSON filters (see
554− `--filter`), but use pandoc's build-in lua filtering system. The given
555− lua script is expected to return a list of lua filters which will be
556− applied in order. Each lua filter must contain element-transforming
598+ `--filter`), but use pandoc's built-in Lua filtering system. The given
599+ Lua script is expected to return a list of Lua filters which will be
600+ applied in order. Each Lua filter must contain element-transforming
557601 functions indexed by the name of the AST element on which the filter
558602 function should be applied.
559603
560− The `pandoc` lua module provides helper functions for element
561− creation. It is always loaded into the script's lua environment.
604+ The `pandoc` Lua module provides helper functions for element
605+ creation. It is always loaded into the script's Lua environment.
562606
563− The following is an example lua script for macro-expansion:
607+ See the [Lua filters documentation] for further details.
564608
565− function expand_hello_world(inline)
566− if inline.c == '{{helloworld}}' then
567− return pandoc.Emph{ pandoc.Str "Hello, World" }
568− else
569− return inline
570− end
571− end
609+ In order of preference, pandoc will look for Lua filters in
572610
573− return {{Str = expand_hello_world}}
611+ 1. a specified full or relative path
574612
575− In order of preference, pandoc will look for lua filters in
576−
577− 1. a specified full or relative path (executable or
578− non-executable)
613+ 2. `$DATADIR/filters` where `$DATADIR` is the user data
614+ directory (see `--data-dir`, above).
579615
580− 2. `$DATADIR/filters` (executable or non-executable)
581− where `$DATADIR` is the user data directory (see
582− `--data-dir`, above).
616+ Filters, Lua filters, and citeproc processing are applied in
617+ the order specified on the command line.
583618
584619`-M` *KEY*[`=`*VAL*], `--metadata=`*KEY*[`:`*VAL*]
585620
@@ -596,19 +631,23 @@ Reader options {.options}
596631
597632`--metadata-file=`*FILE*
598633
599−: Read metadata from the supplied YAML (or JSON) file.
600− This option can be used with every input format, but string
601− scalars in the YAML file will always be parsed as Markdown.
602− Generally, the input will be handled the same as in
603− [YAML metadata blocks][Extension: `yaml_metadata_block`].
604− Metadata values specified inside the document, or by using `-M`,
605− overwrite values specified with this option.
634+: Read metadata from the supplied YAML (or JSON) file. This
635+ option can be used with every input format, but string scalars
636+ in the YAML file will always be parsed as Markdown. Generally,
637+ the input will be handled the same as in [YAML metadata
638+ blocks][Extension: `yaml_metadata_block`]. This option can be
639+ used repeatedly to include multiple metadata files; values in
640+ files specified later on the command line will be preferred
641+ over those specified in earlier files. Metadata values
642+ specified inside the document, or by using `-M`, overwrite
643+ values specified with this option.
606644
607645`-p`, `--preserve-tabs`
608646
609−: Preserve tabs instead of converting them to spaces (the default).
610− Note that this will only affect tabs in literal code spans and code
611− blocks; tabs in regular text will be treated as spaces.
647+: Preserve tabs instead of converting them to spaces. (By default, pandoc
648+ converts tabs to spaces before parsing its input.) Note that this will
649+ only affect tabs in literal code spans and code blocks. Tabs in regular
650+ text are always treated as spaces.
612651
613652`--tab-stop=`*NUMBER*
614653
@@ -618,30 +657,30 @@ Reader options {.options}
618657
619658: Specifies what to do with insertions, deletions, and comments
620659 produced by the MS Word "Track Changes" feature. `accept` (the
621− default), inserts all insertions, and ignores all
622− deletions. `reject` inserts all deletions and ignores
623− insertions. Both `accept` and `reject` ignore comments. `all` puts
624− in insertions, deletions, and comments, wrapped in spans with
625− `insertion`, `deletion`, `comment-start`, and `comment-end`
626− classes, respectively. The author and time of change is
627− included. `all` is useful for scripting: only accepting changes
628− from a certain reviewer, say, or before a certain date. If a
629− paragraph is inserted or deleted, `track-changes=all` produces a
630− span with the class `paragraph-insertion`/`paragraph-deletion`
631− before the affected paragraph break. This option only affects the
632− docx reader.
660+ default) processes all the insertions and deletions.
661+ `reject` ignores them. Both `accept` and `reject` ignore comments.
662+ `all` includes all insertions, deletions, and comments, wrapped
663+ in spans with `insertion`, `deletion`, `comment-start`, and
664+ `comment-end` classes, respectively. The author and time of
665+ change is included. `all` is useful for scripting: only
666+ accepting changes from a certain reviewer, say, or before a
667+ certain date. If a paragraph is inserted or deleted,
668+ `track-changes=all` produces a span with the class
669+ `paragraph-insertion`/`paragraph-deletion` before the
670+ affected paragraph break. This option only affects the docx
671+ reader.
633672
634673`--extract-media=`*DIR*
635674
636675: Extract images and other media contained in or linked from
637676 the source document to the path *DIR*, creating it if
638677 necessary, and adjust the images references in the document
639− so they point to the extracted files. If the source format is
640− a binary container (docx, epub, or odt), the media is
641− extracted from the container and the original
642− filenames are used. Otherwise the media is read from the
643− file system or downloaded, and new filenames are constructed
644− based on SHA1 hashes of the contents.
678+ so they point to the extracted files. Media are downloaded,
679+ read from the file system, or extracted from a binary
680+ container (e.g. docx), as needed. The original file paths
681+ are used if they are relative paths not containing `..`.
682+ Otherwise filenames are constructed from the SHA1 hash of
683+ the contents.
645684
646685`--abbreviations=`*FILE*
647686
@@ -652,17 +691,17 @@ Reader options {.options}
652691 system default, use
653692 `pandoc --print-default-data-file=abbreviations`. The only
654693 use pandoc makes of this list is in the Markdown reader.
655− Strings ending in a period that are found in this list will
656− be followed by a nonbreaking space, so that the period will
657− not produce sentence-ending space in formats like LaTeX.
694+ Strings found in this list will be followed by a nonbreaking
695+ space, and the period will not produce sentence-ending space
696+ in formats like LaTeX. The strings may not contain spaces.
658697
659698[`pandocfilters`]: https://github.com/jgm/pandocfilters
660699[PHP]: https://github.com/vinai/pandocfilters-php
661700[perl]: https://metacpan.org/pod/Pandoc::Filter
662701[JavaScript/node.js]: https://github.com/mvhenderson/pandoc-filter-node
702+[Lua filters documentation]: https://pandoc.org/lua-filters.html
663703
664−General writer options {.options}
665−----------------------
704+## General writer options {.options}
666705
667706`-s`, `--standalone`
668707
@@ -687,22 +726,29 @@ General writer options {.options}
687726`-V` *KEY*[`=`*VAL*], `--variable=`*KEY*[`:`*VAL*]
688727
689728: Set the template variable *KEY* to the value *VAL* when rendering the
690− document in standalone mode. This is generally only useful when the
691− `--template` option is used to specify a custom template, since
692− pandoc automatically sets the variables used in the default
693− templates. If no *VAL* is specified, the key will be given the
694− value `true`.
729+ document in standalone mode. If no *VAL* is specified, the
730+ key will be given the value `true`.
695731
696732`-D` *FORMAT*, `--print-default-template=`*FORMAT*
697733
698734: Print the system default template for an output *FORMAT*. (See `-t`
699735 for a list of possible *FORMAT*s.) Templates in the user data
700− directory are ignored.
736+ directory are ignored. This option may be used with
737+ `-o`/`--output` to redirect output to a file, but
738+ `-o`/`--output` must come before `--print-default-template`
739+ on the command line.
740+
741+ Note that some of the default templates use partials, for
742+ example `styles.html`. To print the partials, use
743+ `--print-default-data-file`: for example,
744+ `--print-default-data-file=templates/styles.html`.
701745
702746`--print-default-data-file=`*FILE*
703747
704748: Print a system default data file. Files in the user data directory
705− are ignored.
749+ are ignored. This option may be used with `-o`/`--output` to
750+ redirect output to a file, but `-o`/`--output` must come before
751+ `--print-default-data-file` on the command line.
706752
707753`--eol=crlf`|`lf`|`native`
708754
@@ -713,9 +759,12 @@ General writer options {.options}
713759
714760`--dpi`=*NUMBER*
715761
716−: Specify the dpi (dots per inch) value for conversion from pixels
717− to inch/centimeters and vice versa. The default is 96dpi.
718− Technically, the correct term would be ppi (pixels per inch).
762+: Specify the default dpi (dots per inch) value for conversion
763+ from pixels to inch/centimeters and vice versa. (Technically,
764+ the correct term would be ppi: pixels per inch.) The default
765+ is 96dpi. When images contain information about dpi
766+ internally, the encoded value is used instead of the default
767+ specified by this option.
719768
720769`--wrap=auto`|`none`|`preserve`
721770
@@ -728,6 +777,8 @@ General writer options {.options}
728777 where there are nonsemantic newlines in the source, there
729778 will be nonsemantic newlines in the output as well).
730779 Automatic wrapping does not currently work in HTML output.
780+ In `ipynb` output, this option affects wrapping of the
781+ contents of markdown cells.
731782
732783`--columns=`*NUMBER*
733784
@@ -744,11 +795,17 @@ General writer options {.options}
744795 unless `-s/--standalone` is used, and it has no effect
745796 on `man`, `docbook4`, `docbook5`, or `jats` output.
746797
798+ Note that if you are producing a PDF via `ms`, the table
799+ of contents will appear at the beginning of the
800+ document, before the title. If you would prefer it to
801+ be at the end of the document, use the option
802+ `--pdf-engine-opt=--no-toc-relocation`.
803+
747804`--toc-depth=`*NUMBER*
748805
749806: Specify the number of section levels to include in the table
750− of contents. The default is 3 (which means that level 1, 2, and 3
751− headers will be listed in the contents).
807+ of contents. The default is 3 (which means that level-1, 2, and 3
808+ headings will be listed in the contents).
752809
753810`--strip-comments`
754811
@@ -784,7 +841,10 @@ General writer options {.options}
784841
785842: Prints a JSON version of a highlighting style, which can
786843 be modified, saved with a `.theme` extension, and used
787− with `--highlight-style`.
844+ with `--highlight-style`. This option may be used with
845+ `-o`/`--output` to redirect output to a file, but
846+ `-o`/`--output` must come before `--print-highlight-style`
847+ on the command line.
788848
789849`--syntax-definition=`*FILE*
790850
@@ -792,9 +852,10 @@ General writer options {.options}
792852 which will be used for syntax highlighting of appropriately
793853 marked code blocks. This can be used to add support for
794854 new languages or to use altered syntax definitions for
795− existing languages.
855+ existing languages. This option may be repeated to add
856+ multiple syntax definitions.
796857
797−`-H` *FILE*, `--include-in-header=`*FILE*
858+`-H` *FILE*, `--include-in-header=`*FILE*|*URL*
798859
799860: Include contents of *FILE*, verbatim, at the end of the header.
800861 This can be used, for example, to include special
@@ -802,7 +863,7 @@ General writer options {.options}
802863 repeatedly to include multiple files in the header. They will be
803864 included in the order specified. Implies `--standalone`.
804865
805−`-B` *FILE*, `--include-before-body=`*FILE*
866+`-B` *FILE*, `--include-before-body=`*FILE*|*URL*
806867
807868: Include contents of *FILE*, verbatim, at the beginning of the
808869 document body (e.g. after the `<body>` tag in HTML, or the
@@ -811,7 +872,7 @@ General writer options {.options}
811872 used repeatedly to include multiple files. They will be included in
812873 the order specified. Implies `--standalone`.
813874
814−`-A` *FILE*, `--include-after-body=`*FILE*
875+`-A` *FILE*, `--include-after-body=`*FILE*|*URL*
815876
816877: Include contents of *FILE*, verbatim, at the end of the document
817878 body (before the `</body>` tag in HTML, or the
@@ -830,11 +891,11 @@ General writer options {.options}
830891 will not be searched. For example:
831892 `--resource-path=.:test` will search the working directory
832893 and the `test` subdirectory, in that order.
833−
834− `--resource-path` only has an effect if (a) the output
835− format embeds images (for example, `docx`, `pdf`, or `html`
836− with `--self-contained`) or (b) it is used together with
837− `--extract-media`.
894+ This option can be used repeatedly. Search path components
895+ that come later on the command line will be searched before
896+ those that come earlier, so
897+ `--resource-path foo:bar --resource-path baz:bim` is
898+ equivalent to `--resource-path baz:bim:foo:bar`.
838899
839900`--request-header=`*NAME*`:`*VAL*
840901
@@ -844,8 +905,13 @@ General writer options {.options}
844905 downloaded). If you're behind a proxy, you also need to set
845906 the environment variable `http_proxy` to `http://...`.
846907
847−Options affecting specific writers {.options}
848−----------------------------------
908+`--no-check-certificate`
909+
910+: Disable the certificate verification to allow access to
911+ unsecure HTTP resources (for example when the certificate
912+ is no longer valid or self signed).
913+
914+## Options affecting specific writers {.options}
849915
850916`--self-contained`
851917
@@ -870,7 +936,9 @@ Options affecting specific writers {.options}
870936
871937`--html-q-tags`
872938
873−: Use `<q>` tags for quotes in HTML.
939+: Use `<q>` tags for quotes in HTML. (This option only has an
940+ effect if the `smart` extension is enabled for the input
941+ format used.)
874942
875943`--ascii`
876944
@@ -888,36 +956,45 @@ Options affecting specific writers {.options}
888956 placement of link references is affected by the
889957 `--reference-location` option.
890958
891−`--reference-location = block`|`section`|`document`
959+`--reference-location=block`|`section`|`document`
892960
893961: Specify whether footnotes (and references, if `reference-links` is
894962 set) are placed at the end of the current (top-level) block, the
895963 current section, or the document. The default is
896964 `document`. Currently only affects the markdown writer.
897965
966+`--markdown-headings=setext`|`atx`
967+
968+: Specify whether to use ATX-style (`#`-prefixed) or
969+ Setext-style (underlined) headings for level 1 and 2
970+ headings in Markdown output. (The default is `atx`.)
971+ ATX-style headings are always used for levels 3+.
972+ This option also affects Markdown cells in `ipynb` output.
973+
898974`--atx-headers`
899975
900−: Use ATX-style headers in Markdown output. The default is
901− to use setext-style headers for levels 1-2, and then ATX headers.
902− (Note: for `gfm` output, ATX headers are always used.)
976+: *Deprecated synonym for `--markdown-headings=atx`.*
903977
904−`--top-level-division=[default|section|chapter|part]`
978+`--top-level-division=default`|`section`|`chapter`|`part`
905979
906−: Treat top-level headers as the given division type in LaTeX, ConTeXt,
907− DocBook, and TEI output. The hierarchy order is part, chapter, then section;
908− all headers are shifted such that the top-level header becomes the specified
909− type. The default behavior is to determine the best division type via
910− heuristics: unless other conditions apply, `section` is chosen. When the
911− LaTeX document class is set to `report`, `book`, or `memoir` (unless the
912− `article` option is specified), `chapter` is implied as the setting for this
913− option. If `beamer` is the output format, specifying either `chapter` or
914− `part` will cause top-level headers to become `\part{..}`, while
915− second-level headers remain as their default type.
980+: Treat top-level headings as the given division type in
981+ LaTeX, ConTeXt, DocBook, and TEI output. The hierarchy
982+ order is part, chapter, then section; all headings are
983+ shifted such that the top-level heading becomes the
984+ specified type. The default behavior is to determine the
985+ best division type via heuristics: unless other conditions
986+ apply, `section` is chosen. When the `documentclass`
987+ variable is set to `report`, `book`, or `memoir` (unless the
988+ `article` option is specified), `chapter` is implied as the
989+ setting for this option. If `beamer` is the output format,
990+ specifying either `chapter` or `part` will cause top-level
991+ headings to become `\part{..}`, while second-level headings
992+ remain as their default type.
916993
917994`-N`, `--number-sections`
918995
919−: Number section headings in LaTeX, ConTeXt, HTML, or EPUB output.
920− By default, sections are not numbered. Sections with class
996+: Number section headings in LaTeX, ConTeXt, HTML, Docx, ms, or EPUB
997+ output. By default, sections are not numbered. Sections with class
921998 `unnumbered` will never be numbered, even if `--number-sections`
922999 is specified.
9231000
@@ -925,10 +1002,10 @@ Options affecting specific writers {.options}
9251002
9261003: Offset for section headings in HTML output (ignored in other
9271004 output formats). The first number is added to the section number for
928− top-level headers, the second for second-level headers, and so on.
929− So, for example, if you want the first top-level header in your
1005+ top-level headings, the second for second-level headings, and so on.
1006+ So, for example, if you want the first top-level heading in your
9301007 document to be numbered "6", specify `--number-offset=5`.
931− If your document starts with a level-2 header which you want to
1008+ If your document starts with a level-2 heading which you want to
9321009 be numbered "1.5", specify `--number-offset=1,4`.
9331010 Offsets are 0 by default. Implies `--number-sections`.
9341011
@@ -936,7 +1013,7 @@ Options affecting specific writers {.options}
9361013
9371014: Use the [`listings`] package for LaTeX code blocks. The package
9381015 does not support multi-byte encoding for source code. To handle UTF-8
939− you would need to use a custom template. This issue is fully
1016+ you would need to use a custom template. This issue is fully
9401017 documented here: [Encoding issue with the listings package].
9411018
9421019`-i`, `--incremental`
@@ -946,12 +1023,12 @@ Options affecting specific writers {.options}
9461023
9471024`--slide-level=`*NUMBER*
9481025
949−: Specifies that headers with the specified level create
950− slides (for `beamer`, `s5`, `slidy`, `slideous`, `dzslides`). Headers
1026+: Specifies that headings with the specified level create
1027+ slides (for `beamer`, `s5`, `slidy`, `slideous`, `dzslides`). Headings
9511028 above this level in the hierarchy are used to divide the
952− slide show into sections; headers below this level create
1029+ slide show into sections; headings below this level create
9531030 subheads within a slide. Note that content that is
954− not contained under slide-level headers will not appear in
1031+ not contained under slide-level headings will not appear in
9551032 the slide show. The default is to set the slide level based
9561033 on the contents of the document; see [Structuring the slide
9571034 show].
@@ -960,8 +1037,8 @@ Options affecting specific writers {.options}
9601037
9611038: Wrap sections in `<section>` tags (or `<div>` tags for `html4`),
9621039 and attach identifiers to the enclosing `<section>` (or `<div>`)
963− rather than the header itself. See
964− [Header identifiers], below.
1040+ rather than the heading itself. See
1041+ [Heading identifiers], below.
9651042
9661043`--email-obfuscation=none`|`javascript`|`references`
9671044
@@ -982,8 +1059,7 @@ Options affecting specific writers {.options}
9821059
9831060: Specify *STRING* as a prefix at the beginning of the title
9841061 that appears in the HTML header (but not in the title as it
985− appears at the beginning of the HTML body). Implies
986− `--standalone`.
1062+ appears at the beginning of the HTML body). Implies `--standalone`.
9871063
9881064`-c` *URL*, `--css=`*URL*
9891065
@@ -1015,20 +1091,56 @@ Options affecting specific writers {.options}
10151091
10161092 To produce a custom `reference.docx`, first get a copy of
10171093 the default `reference.docx`: `pandoc
1018− --print-default-data-file reference.docx >
1019− custom-reference.docx`. Then open `custom-reference.docx`
1020− in Word, modify the styles as you wish, and save the file.
1021− For best results, do not make changes to this file other
1022− than modifying the styles used by pandoc: [paragraph]
1023− Normal, Body Text, First Paragraph, Compact, Title,
1024− Subtitle, Author, Date, Abstract, Bibliography, Heading 1,
1025− Heading 2, Heading 3, Heading 4, Heading 5, Heading 6,
1026− Heading 7, Heading 8, Heading 9, Block Text, Footnote Text,
1027− Definition Term, Definition, Caption, Table Caption,
1028− Image Caption, Figure, Captioned Figure, TOC Heading;
1029− [character] Default Paragraph Font, Body Text Char,
1030− Verbatim Char, Footnote Reference, Hyperlink; [table]
1031− Table.
1094+ -o custom-reference.docx --print-default-data-file reference.docx`.
1095+ Then open `custom-reference.docx` in Word, modify the
1096+ styles as you wish, and save the file. For best
1097+ results, do not make changes to this file other than
1098+ modifying the styles used by pandoc:
1099+
1100+ Paragraph styles:
1101+
1102+ - Normal
1103+ - Body Text
1104+ - First Paragraph
1105+ - Compact
1106+ - Title
1107+ - Subtitle
1108+ - Author
1109+ - Date
1110+ - Abstract
1111+ - Bibliography
1112+ - Heading 1
1113+ - Heading 2
1114+ - Heading 3
1115+ - Heading 4
1116+ - Heading 5
1117+ - Heading 6
1118+ - Heading 7
1119+ - Heading 8
1120+ - Heading 9
1121+ - Block Text
1122+ - Footnote Text
1123+ - Definition Term
1124+ - Definition
1125+ - Caption
1126+ - Table Caption
1127+ - Image Caption
1128+ - Figure
1129+ - Captioned Figure
1130+ - TOC Heading
1131+
1132+ Character styles:
1133+
1134+ - Default Paragraph Font
1135+ - Body Text Char
1136+ - Verbatim Char
1137+ - Footnote Reference
1138+ - Hyperlink
1139+ - Section Number
1140+
1141+ Table style:
1142+
1143+ - Table
10321144
10331145 ODT
10341146
@@ -1042,19 +1154,18 @@ Options affecting specific writers {.options}
10421154
10431155 To produce a custom `reference.odt`, first get a copy of
10441156 the default `reference.odt`: `pandoc
1045− --print-default-data-file reference.odt >
1046− custom-reference.odt`. Then open `custom-reference.odt` in
1047− LibreOffice, modify the styles as you wish, and save the
1048− file.
1157+ -o custom-reference.odt --print-default-data-file reference.odt`.
1158+ Then open `custom-reference.odt` in LibreOffice, modify
1159+ the styles as you wish, and save the file.
10491160
10501161 PowerPoint
10511162
1052− : Any template included with a recent install of Microsoft
1053− PowerPoint (either with `.pptx` or `.potx` extension) should
1054− work, as will most templates derived from these.
1163+ : Templates included with Microsoft PowerPoint 2013 (either with
1164+ `.pptx` or `.potx` extension) are known to work, as are most
1165+ templates derived from these.
10551166
1056− The specific requirement is that the template should contain
1057− the following four layouts as its first four layouts:
1167+ The specific requirement is that the template should begin with
1168+ the following first four layouts:
10581169
10591170 1. Title Slide
10601171 2. Title and Content
@@ -1066,10 +1177,10 @@ Options affecting specific writers {.options}
10661177 `Home` menu to check.)
10671178
10681179 You can also modify the default `reference.pptx`: first run
1069− `pandoc --print-default-data-file reference.pptx >
1070− custom-reference.pptx`, and then modify
1071− `custom-reference.pptx` in MS PowerPoint (pandoc will use the
1072− first four layout slides, as mentioned above).
1180+ `pandoc -o custom-reference.pptx --print-default-data-file
1181+ reference.pptx`, and then modify `custom-reference.pptx`
1182+ in MS PowerPoint (pandoc will use the first four layout
1183+ slides, as mentioned above).
10731184
10741185`--epub-cover-image=`*FILE*
10751186
@@ -1137,12 +1248,12 @@ Options affecting specific writers {.options}
11371248
11381249`--epub-chapter-level=`*NUMBER*
11391250
1140−: Specify the header level at which to split the EPUB into separate
1141− "chapter" files. The default is to split into chapters at level 1
1142− headers. This option only affects the internal composition of the
1251+: Specify the heading level at which to split the EPUB into separate
1252+ "chapter" files. The default is to split into chapters at level-1
1253+ headings. This option only affects the internal composition of the
11431254 EPUB, not the way chapters and sections are displayed to users. Some
11441255 readers may be slow if the chapter files are too large, so for large
1145− documents with few level 1 headers, one might want to use a chapter
1256+ documents with few level-1 headings, one might want to use a chapter
11461257 level of 2 or 3.
11471258
11481259`--epub-subdirectory=`*DIRNAME*
@@ -1151,71 +1262,118 @@ Options affecting specific writers {.options}
11511262 the EPUB-specific contents. The default is `EPUB`. To put
11521263 the EPUB contents in the top level, use an empty string.
11531264
1154−`--pdf-engine=pdflatex`|`lualatex`|`xelatex`|`wkhtmltopdf`|`weasyprint`|`prince`|`context`|`pdfroff`
1265+`--ipynb-output=all|none|best`
1266+
1267+: Determines how ipynb output cells are treated. `all` means
1268+ that all of the data formats included in the original are
1269+ preserved. `none` means that the contents of data cells
1270+ are omitted. `best` causes pandoc to try to pick the
1271+ richest data block in each output cell that is compatible
1272+ with the output format. The default is `best`.
1273+
1274+`--pdf-engine=`*PROGRAM*
11551275
11561276: Use the specified engine when producing PDF output.
1157− The default is `pdflatex`. If the engine is not in your PATH,
1158− the full path of the engine may be specified here.
1277+ Valid values are `pdflatex`, `lualatex`, `xelatex`, `latexmk`,
1278+ `tectonic`, `wkhtmltopdf`, `weasyprint`, `prince`, `context`,
1279+ and `pdfroff`. If the engine is not in your PATH, the full
1280+ path of the engine may be specified here. If this option
1281+ is not specified, pandoc uses the following defaults
1282+ depending on the output format specified using `-t/--to`:
1283+
1284+ - `-t latex` or none: `pdflatex` (other options: `xelatex`, `lualatex`,
1285+ `tectonic`, `latexmk`)
1286+ - `-t context`: `context`
1287+ - `-t html`: `wkhtmltopdf` (other options: `prince`, `weasyprint`;
1288+ see [print-css.rocks](https://print-css.rocks) for a good
1289+ introduction to PDF generation from HTML/CSS.)
1290+ - `-t ms`: `pdfroff`
11591291
11601292`--pdf-engine-opt=`*STRING*
11611293
11621294: Use the given string as a command-line argument to the `pdf-engine`.
1163− If used multiple times, the arguments are provided with spaces between
1164− them. Note that no check for duplicate options is done.
1295+ For example, to use a persistent directory `foo` for `latexmk`'s
1296+ auxiliary files, use `--pdf-engine-opt=-outdir=foo`.
1297+ Note that no check for duplicate options is done.
11651298
1166−[Dublin Core elements]: http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/
1167−[ISO 8601 format]: http://www.w3.org/TR/NOTE-datetime
1299+[Dublin Core elements]: https://www.dublincore.org/specifications/dublin-core/dces/
1300+[ISO 8601 format]: https://www.w3.org/TR/NOTE-datetime
11681301[Encoding issue with the listings package]:
11691302 https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/LaTeX/Source_Code_Listings#Encoding_issue
11701303
1171−Citation rendering {.options}
1172−------------------
1304+## Citation rendering {.options}
1305+
1306+`-C`, `--citeproc`
1307+
1308+: Process the citations in the file, replacing them with
1309+ rendered citations and adding a bibliography.
1310+ Citation processing will not take place unless bibliographic
1311+ data is supplied, either through an external file specified
1312+ using the `--bibliography` option or the `bibliography`
1313+ field in metadata, or via a `references` section in metadata
1314+ containing a list of citations in CSL YAML format with
1315+ Markdown formatting. The style is controlled by a [CSL]
1316+ stylesheet specified using the `--csl` option or the `csl`
1317+ field in metadata. (If no stylesheet is specified,
1318+ the `chicago-author-date` style will be used by default.)
1319+ The citation processing transformation may be applied before
1320+ or after filters or Lua filters (see `--filter`,
1321+ `--lua-filter`): these transformations are applied in the
1322+ order they appear on the command line. For more
1323+ information, see the section on [Citations].
11731324
11741325`--bibliography=`*FILE*
11751326
11761327: Set the `bibliography` field in the document's metadata to *FILE*,
1177− overriding any value set in the metadata, and process citations
1178− using `pandoc-citeproc`. (This is equivalent to
1179− `--metadata bibliography=FILE --filter pandoc-citeproc`.)
1180− If `--natbib` or `--biblatex` is also supplied, `pandoc-citeproc` is not
1181− used, making this equivalent to `--metadata bibliography=FILE`.
1182− If you supply this argument multiple times, each *FILE* will be added
1183− to bibliography.
1328+ overriding any value set in the metadata. If you supply
1329+ this argument multiple times, each *FILE* will be added to
1330+ bibliography. If *FILE* is a URL, it will be fetched
1331+ via HTTP. If *FILE* is not found relative to the
1332+ working directory, it will be sought in the resource path
1333+ (see `--resource-path`).
11841334
11851335`--csl=`*FILE*
11861336
11871337: Set the `csl` field in the document's metadata to *FILE*,
11881338 overriding any value set in the metadata. (This is equivalent to
1189− `--metadata csl=FILE`.)
1190− This option is only relevant with `pandoc-citeproc`.
1339+ `--metadata csl=FILE`.) If *FILE* is a URL, it will be
1340+ fetched via HTTP. If *FILE* is not found relative to the
1341+ working directory, it will be sought in the resource path
1342+ (see `--resource-path`) and finally in the `csl`
1343+ subdirectory of the pandoc user data directory.
11911344
11921345`--citation-abbreviations=`*FILE*
11931346
11941347: Set the `citation-abbreviations` field in the document's metadata to
11951348 *FILE*, overriding any value set in the metadata. (This is equivalent to
11961349 `--metadata citation-abbreviations=FILE`.)
1197− This option is only relevant with `pandoc-citeproc`.
1350+ If *FILE* is a URL, it will be fetched via HTTP. If *FILE* is not
1351+ found relative to the working directory, it will be sought
1352+ in the resource path (see `--resource-path`) and finally in
1353+ the `csl` subdirectory of the pandoc user data directory.
11981354
11991355`--natbib`
12001356
1201−: Use [`natbib`] for citations in LaTeX output. This option is not for use
1202− with the `pandoc-citeproc` filter or with PDF output. It is intended for
1203− use in producing a LaTeX file that can be processed with [`bibtex`].
1357+: Use [`natbib`] for citations in LaTeX output. This option
1358+ is not for use with the `--citeproc` option or with PDF
1359+ output. It is intended for use in producing a LaTeX file
1360+ that can be processed with [`bibtex`].
12041361
12051362`--biblatex`
12061363
1207−: Use [`biblatex`] for citations in LaTeX output. This option is not for use
1208− with the `pandoc-citeproc` filter or with PDF output. It is intended for
1209− use in producing a LaTeX file that can be processed with [`bibtex`] or [`biber`].
1364+: Use [`biblatex`] for citations in LaTeX output. This option
1365+ is not for use with the `--citeproc` option or with PDF
1366+ output. It is intended for use in producing a LaTeX file
1367+ that can be processed with [`bibtex`] or [`biber`].
12101368
1211−Math rendering in HTML {.options}
1212−----------------------
1369+## Math rendering in HTML {.options}
12131370
1214−The default is to render TeX math as far as possible using Unicode characters.
1215−Formulas are put inside a `span` with `class="math"`, so that they may be styled
1216−differently from the surrounding text if needed. However, this gives acceptable
1217−results only for basic math, usually you will want to use `--mathjax` or another
1218−of the following options.
1371+The default is to render TeX math as far as possible using
1372+Unicode characters. Formulas are put inside a `span` with
1373+`class="math"`, so that they may be styled differently from the
1374+surrounding text if needed. However, this gives acceptable
1375+results only for basic math, usually you will want to use
1376+`--mathjax` or another of the following options.
12191377
12201378`--mathjax`[`=`*URL*]
12211379
@@ -1229,10 +1387,11 @@ of the following options.
12291387
12301388`--mathml`
12311389
1232−: Convert TeX math to [MathML] (in `epub3`, `docbook4`, `docbook5`, `jats`,
1233− `html4` and `html5`). This is the default in `odt` output. Note that
1234− currently only Firefox and Safari (and select e-book readers) natively
1235− support MathML.
1390+: Convert TeX math to [MathML] (in `epub3`, `docbook4`,
1391+ `docbook5`, `jats`, `html4` and `html5`). This is the
1392+ default in `odt` output. Note that currently only Firefox
1393+ and Safari (and select e-book readers) natively support
1394+ MathML.
12361395
12371396`--webtex`[`=`*URL*]
12381397
@@ -1256,21 +1415,19 @@ of the following options.
12561415`--gladtex`
12571416
12581417: Enclose TeX math in `<eq>` tags in HTML output. The resulting HTML
1259− can then be processed by [GladTeX] to produce images of the typeset
1260− formulas and an HTML file with links to these images.
1261− So, the procedure is:
1418+ can then be processed by [GladTeX] to produce SVG images of the typeset
1419+ formulas and an HTML file with these images embedded.
12621420
12631421 pandoc -s --gladtex input.md -o myfile.htex
1264− gladtex -d myfile-images myfile.htex
1265− # produces myfile.html and images in myfile-images
1422+ gladtex -d image_dir myfile.htex
1423+ # produces myfile.html and images in image_dir
12661424
1267−[MathML]: http://www.w3.org/Math/
1425+[MathML]: https://www.w3.org/Math/
12681426[MathJax]: https://www.mathjax.org
12691427[KaTeX]: https://github.com/Khan/KaTeX
1270−[GladTeX]: http://humenda.github.io/GladTeX/
1428+[GladTeX]: https://humenda.github.io/GladTeX/
12711429
1272−Options for wrapper scripts {.options}
1273−---------------------------
1430+## Options for wrapper scripts {.options}
12741431
12751432`--dump-args`
12761433
@@ -1294,8 +1451,277 @@ Options for wrapper scripts {.options}
12941451
12951452 pandoc -o foo.html -s
12961453
1297−Templates
1298−=========
1454+# Exit codes
1455+
1456+If pandoc completes successfully, it will return exit code 0.
1457+Nonzero exit codes have the following meanings:
1458+
1459+ Code Error
1460+----- ------------------------------------
1461+ 3 PandocFailOnWarningError
1462+ 4 PandocAppError
1463+ 5 PandocTemplateError
1464+ 6 PandocOptionError
1465+ 21 PandocUnknownReaderError
1466+ 22 PandocUnknownWriterError
1467+ 23 PandocUnsupportedExtensionError
1468+ 24 PandocCiteprocError
1469+ 31 PandocEpubSubdirectoryError
1470+ 43 PandocPDFError
1471+ 44 PandocXMLError
1472+ 47 PandocPDFProgramNotFoundError
1473+ 61 PandocHttpError
1474+ 62 PandocShouldNeverHappenError
1475+ 63 PandocSomeError
1476+ 64 PandocParseError
1477+ 65 PandocParsecError
1478+ 66 PandocMakePDFError
1479+ 67 PandocSyntaxMapError
1480+ 83 PandocFilterError
1481+ 91 PandocMacroLoop
1482+ 92 PandocUTF8DecodingError
1483+ 93 PandocIpynbDecodingError
1484+ 94 PandocUnsupportedCharsetError
1485+ 97 PandocCouldNotFindDataFileError
1486+ 99 PandocResourceNotFound
1487+----- ------------------------------------
1488+
1489+# Default files
1490+
1491+The `--defaults` option may be used to specify a package
1492+of options. Here is a sample defaults file demonstrating all of
1493+the fields that may be used:
1494+
1495+``` yaml
1496+from: markdown+emoji
1497+# reader: may be used instead of from:
1498+to: html5
1499+# writer: may be used instead of to:
1500+
1501+# leave blank for output to stdout:
1502+output-file:
1503+# leave blank for input from stdin, use [] for no input:
1504+input-files:
1505+- preface.md
1506+- content.md
1507+# or you may use input-file: with a single value
1508+
1509+# Include options from the specified defaults files.
1510+# The files will be searched for first in the working directory
1511+# and then in the defaults subdirectory of the user data directory.
1512+# The files are included in the same order in which they appear in
1513+# the list. Options specified in this defaults file always have
1514+# priority over the included ones.
1515+defaults:
1516+- defsA
1517+- defsB
1518+
1519+template: letter
1520+standalone: true
1521+self-contained: false
1522+
1523+# note that structured variables may be specified:
1524+variables:
1525+ documentclass: book
1526+ classoption:
1527+ - twosides
1528+ - draft
1529+
1530+# metadata values specified here are parsed as literal
1531+# string text, not markdown:
1532+metadata:
1533+ author:
1534+ - Sam Smith
1535+ - Julie Liu
1536+metadata-files:
1537+- boilerplate.yaml
1538+# or you may use metadata-file: with a single value
1539+
1540+# Note that these take files, not their contents:
1541+include-before-body: []
1542+include-after-body: []
1543+include-in-header: []
1544+resource-path: ["."]
1545+
1546+# turn on built-in citation processing. Note that if you need
1547+# control over when the citeproc processing is done relative
1548+# to other filters, you should instead use `citeproc` in the
1549+# list of `filters` (see below).
1550+citeproc: true
1551+csl: ieee
1552+bibliography:
1553+- foobar.bib
1554+- barbaz.json
1555+citation-abbreviations: abbrevs.json
1556+
1557+# Filters will be assumed to be Lua filters if they have
1558+# the .lua extension, and json filters otherwise. But
1559+# the filter type can also be specified explicitly, as shown.
1560+# Filters are run in the order specified.
1561+# To include the built-in citeproc filter, use either `citeproc`
1562+# or `{type: citeproc}`.
1563+filters:
1564+- wordcount.lua
1565+- type: json
1566+ path: foo.lua
1567+
1568+file-scope: false
1569+
1570+data-dir:
1571+
1572+# ERROR, WARNING, or INFO
1573+verbosity: INFO
1574+log-file: log.json
1575+
1576+# citeproc, natbib, or biblatex. This only affects LaTeX
1577+# output. If you want to use citeproc to format citations,
1578+# you should also set 'citeproc: true' (see above).
1579+cite-method: citeproc
1580+
1581+# part, chapter, section, or default:
1582+top-level-division: chapter
1583+abbreviations:
1584+
1585+pdf-engine: pdflatex
1586+pdf-engine-opts:
1587+- "-shell-escape"
1588+# you may also use pdf-engine-opt: with a single option
1589+# pdf-engine-opt: "-shell-escape"
1590+
1591+# auto, preserve, or none
1592+wrap: auto
1593+columns: 78
1594+dpi: 72
1595+
1596+extract-media: mediadir
1597+
1598+table-of-contents: true
1599+toc-depth: 2
1600+number-sections: false
1601+# a list of offsets at each heading level
1602+number-offset: [0,0,0,0,0,0]
1603+# toc: may also be used instead of table-of-contents:
1604+shift-heading-level-by: 1
1605+section-divs: true
1606+identifier-prefix: foo
1607+title-prefix: ""
1608+strip-empty-paragraphs: true
1609+# lf, crlf, or native
1610+eol: lf
1611+strip-comments: false
1612+indented-code-classes: []
1613+ascii: true
1614+default-image-extension: ".jpg"
1615+
1616+# either a style name of a style definition file:
1617+highlight-style: pygments
1618+syntax-definitions:
1619+- c.xml
1620+# or you may use syntax-definition: with a single value
1621+listings: false
1622+
1623+reference-doc: myref.docx
1624+
1625+# method is plain, webtex, gladtex, mathml, mathjax, katex
1626+# you may specify a url with webtex, mathjax, katex
1627+html-math-method:
1628+ method: mathjax
1629+ url: "https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/mathjax@3/es5/tex-mml-chtml.js"
1630+# none, references, or javascript
1631+email-obfuscation: javascript
1632+
1633+tab-stop: 8
1634+preserve-tabs: true
1635+
1636+incremental: false
1637+slide-level: 2
1638+
1639+epub-subdirectory: EPUB
1640+epub-metadata: meta.xml
1641+epub-fonts:
1642+- foobar.otf
1643+epub-chapter-level: 1
1644+epub-cover-image: cover.jpg
1645+
1646+reference-links: true
1647+# block, section, or document
1648+reference-location: block
1649+markdown-headings: setext
1650+
1651+# accept, reject, or all
1652+track-changes: accept
1653+
1654+html-q-tags: false
1655+css:
1656+- site.css
1657+
1658+# none, all, or best
1659+ipynb-output: best
1660+
1661+# A list of two-element lists
1662+request-headers:
1663+- ["User-Agent", "Mozilla/5.0"]
1664+
1665+fail-if-warnings: false
1666+dump-args: false
1667+ignore-args: false
1668+trace: false
1669+```
1670+
1671+Fields that are omitted will just have their regular
1672+default values. So a defaults file can be as simple as
1673+one line:
1674+
1675+``` yaml
1676+verbosity: INFO
1677+```
1678+
1679+In fields that expect a file path (or list of file paths), the
1680+following syntax may be used to interpolate environment variables:
1681+
1682+``` yaml
1683+csl: ${HOME}/mycsldir/special.csl
1684+```
1685+
1686+`${USERDATA}` may also be used; this will always resolve to the
1687+user data directory that is current when the defaults file is
1688+parsed, regardless of the setting of the environment
1689+variable `USERDATA`.
1690+
1691+`${.}` will resolve to the directory containing the default
1692+file itself. This allows you to refer to resources contained
1693+in that directory:
1694+
1695+``` yaml
1696+epub-cover-image: ${.}/cover.jpg
1697+epub-metadata: ${.}/meta.xml
1698+resource-path:
1699+- . # the working directory from which pandoc is run
1700+- ${.}/images # the images subdirectory of the directory
1701+ # containing this defaults file
1702+```
1703+
1704+This environment variable interpolation syntax *only* works in
1705+fields that expect file paths.
1706+
1707+Default files can be placed in the `defaults` subdirectory of
1708+the user data directory and used from any directory. For
1709+example, one could create a file specifying defaults for writing
1710+letters, save it as `letter.yaml` in the `defaults` subdirectory
1711+of the user data directory, and then invoke these defaults
1712+from any directory using `pandoc --defaults letter`
1713+or `pandoc -dletter`.
1714+
1715+When multiple defaults are used, their contents will be combined.
1716+
1717+Note that, where command-line arguments may be repeated
1718+(`--metadata-file`, `--css`, `--include-in-header`,
1719+`--include-before-body`, `--include-after-body`, `--variable`,
1720+`--metadata`, `--syntax-definition`), the values specified on
1721+the command line will combine with values specified in the
1722+defaults file, rather than replacing them.
1723+
1724+# Templates
12991725
13001726When the `-s/--standalone` option is used, pandoc uses a template to
13011727add header and footer material that is needed for a self-standing
@@ -1315,374 +1741,935 @@ directory (see `--data-dir`, above). *Exceptions:*
13151741 (or the `default.context` template, if you use `-t context`,
13161742 or the `default.ms` template, if you use `-t ms`, or the
13171743 `default.html` template, if you use `-t html`).
1318−- `docx` has no template (however, you can use
1744+- `docx` and `pptx` have no template (however, you can use
13191745 `--reference-doc` to customize the output).
13201746
13211747Templates contain *variables*, which allow for the inclusion of
13221748arbitrary information at any point in the file. They may be set at the
13231749command line using the `-V/--variable` option. If a variable is not set,
1324−pandoc will look for the key in the document's metadata – which can be set
1750+pandoc will look for the key in the document's metadata, which can be set
13251751using either [YAML metadata blocks][Extension: `yaml_metadata_block`]
1326−or with the `--metadata` option.
1752+or with the `-M/--metadata` option. In addition, some variables
1753+are given default values by pandoc. See [Variables] below for
1754+a list of variables used in pandoc's default templates.
13271755
1328−Variables set by pandoc
1329−-----------------------
1756+If you use custom templates, you may need to revise them as pandoc
1757+changes. We recommend tracking the changes in the default templates,
1758+and modifying your custom templates accordingly. An easy way to do this
1759+is to fork the [pandoc-templates] repository and merge in
1760+changes after each pandoc release.
13301761
1331−Some variables are set automatically by pandoc. These vary somewhat
1332−depending on the output format, but include the following:
1762+ [pandoc-templates]: https://github.com/jgm/pandoc-templates
13331763
1334−`sourcefile`, `outputfile`
1335−: source and destination filenames, as given on the command line.
1336− `sourcefile` can also be a list if input comes from multiple files, or empty
1337− if input is from stdin. You can use the following snippet in your template
1338− to distinguish them:
1764+## Template syntax
13391765
1340− $if(sourcefile)$
1341− $for(sourcefile)$
1342− $sourcefile$
1343− $endfor$
1344− $else$
1345− (stdin)
1346− $endif$
1766+### Comments
13471767
1348− Similarly, `outputfile` can be `-` if output goes to the terminal.
1768+Anything between the sequence `$--` and the end of the
1769+line will be treated as a comment and omitted from the output.
13491770
1350−`title`, `author`, `date`
1351−: allow identification of basic aspects of the document. Included
1352− in PDF metadata through LaTeX and ConTeXt. These can be set
1353− through a [pandoc title block][Extension: `pandoc_title_block`],
1354− which allows for multiple authors, or through a YAML metadata block:
1771+### Delimiters
13551772
1356− ---
1357− author:
1358− - Aristotle
1359− - Peter Abelard
1360− ...
1773+To mark variables and control structures in the template,
1774+either `$`...`$` or `${`...`}` may be used as delimiters.
1775+The styles may also be mixed in the same template, but the
1776+opening and closing delimiter must match in each case. The
1777+opening delimiter may be followed by one or more spaces
1778+or tabs, which will be ignored. The closing delimiter may
1779+be followed by one or more spaces or tabs, which will be
1780+ignored.
13611781
1362−`subtitle`
1363−: document subtitle, included in HTML, EPUB, LaTeX, ConTeXt, and Word docx;
1364− renders in LaTeX only when using a document class that supports
1365− `\subtitle`, such as `beamer` or the [KOMA-Script] series (`scrartcl`,
1366− `scrreprt`, `scrbook`).[^subtitle]
1782+To include a literal `$` in the document, use `$$`.
13671783
1368−`institute`
1369−: author affiliations (in LaTeX and Beamer only). Can be a
1370− list, when there are multiple authors.
1784+### Interpolated variables
13711785
1372−`abstract`
1373−: document summary, included in LaTeX, ConTeXt, AsciiDoc, and Word docx
1786+A slot for an interpolated variable is a variable name surrounded
1787+by matched delimiters. Variable names must begin with a letter
1788+and can contain letters, numbers, `_`, `-`, and `.`. The
1789+keywords `it`, `if`, `else`, `endif`, `for`, `sep`, and `endfor` may
1790+not be used as variable names. Examples:
13741791
1375−`keywords`
1376−: list of keywords to be included in HTML, PDF, and AsciiDoc metadata;
1377− may be repeated as for `author`, above
1792+```
1793+$foo$
1794+$foo.bar.baz$
1795+$foo_bar.baz-bim$
1796+$ foo $
1797+${foo}
1798+${foo.bar.baz}
1799+${foo_bar.baz-bim}
1800+${ foo }
1801+```
13781802
1379−`header-includes`
1380−: contents specified by `-H/--include-in-header` (may have multiple
1381− values)
1803+Variable names with periods are used to get at structured
1804+variable values. So, for example, `employee.salary` will return the
1805+value of the `salary` field of the object that is the value of
1806+the `employee` field.
13821807
1383−`toc`
1384−: non-null value if `--toc/--table-of-contents` was specified
1808+- If the value of the variable is simple value, it will be
1809+ rendered verbatim. (Note that no escaping is done;
1810+ the assumption is that the calling program will escape
1811+ the strings appropriately for the output format.)
1812+- If the value is a list, the values will be concatenated.
1813+- If the value is a map, the string `true` will be rendered.
1814+- Every other value will be rendered as the empty string.
13851815
1386−`toc-title`
1387−: title of table of contents (works only with EPUB,
1388− opendocument, odt, docx, pptx, beamer, LaTeX)
1816+### Conditionals
13891817
1390−`include-before`
1391−: contents specified by `-B/--include-before-body` (may have
1392− multiple values)
1818+A conditional begins with `if(variable)` (enclosed in
1819+matched delimiters) and ends with `endif` (enclosed in matched
1820+delimiters). It may optionally contain an `else` (enclosed in
1821+matched delimiters). The `if` section is used if
1822+`variable` has a non-empty value, otherwise the `else`
1823+section is used (if present). Examples:
13931824
1394−`include-after`
1395−: contents specified by `-A/--include-after-body` (may have
1396− multiple values)
1825+```
1826+$if(foo)$bar$endif$
13971827
1398−`body`
1399−: body of document
1828+$if(foo)$
1829+ $foo$
1830+$endif$
14001831
1401−`meta-json`
1402−: JSON representation of all of the document's metadata. Field
1403− values are transformed to the selected output format.
1832+$if(foo)$
1833+part one
1834+$else$
1835+part two
1836+$endif$
14041837
1405−[^subtitle]: To make `subtitle` work with other LaTeX
1406− document classes, you can add the following to `header-includes`:
1838+${if(foo)}bar${endif}
14071839
1408− \providecommand{\subtitle}[1]{%
1409− \usepackage{titling}
1410− \posttitle{%
1411− \par\large#1\end{center}}
1412− }
1840+${if(foo)}
1841+ ${foo}
1842+${endif}
14131843
1414−Language variables
1415−------------------
1844+${if(foo)}
1845+${ foo.bar }
1846+${else}
1847+no foo!
1848+${endif}
1849+```
14161850
1417−`lang`
1418−: identifies the main language of the document,
1419− using a code according to [BCP 47] (e.g. `en` or `en-GB`).
1420− For some output formats, pandoc will convert it to an appropriate
1421− format stored in the additional variables `babel-lang`,
1422− `polyglossia-lang` (LaTeX) and `context-lang` (ConTeXt).
1423−
1424− Native pandoc Spans and Divs with the lang attribute
1425− (value in BCP 47) can be used to switch the language in
1426− that range. In LaTeX output, `babel-otherlangs` and
1427− `polyglossia-otherlangs` variables will be generated
1428− automatically based on the `lang` attributes of Spans
1429− and Divs in the document.
1851+The keyword `elseif` may be used to simplify complex nested
1852+conditionals:
14301853
1431−`dir`
1432−: the base direction of the document, either `rtl` (right-to-left)
1433− or `ltr` (left-to-right).
1854+```
1855+$if(foo)$
1856+XXX
1857+$elseif(bar)$
1858+YYY
1859+$else$
1860+ZZZ
1861+$endif$
1862+```
14341863
1435− For bidirectional documents, native pandoc `span`s and `div`s
1436− with the `dir` attribute (value `rtl` or `ltr`) can be used to
1437− override the base direction in some output formats.
1438− This may not always be necessary if the final renderer
1439− (e.g. the browser, when generating HTML) supports the
1440− [Unicode Bidirectional Algorithm].
1864+### For loops
14411865
1442− When using LaTeX for bidirectional documents, only the `xelatex` engine
1443− is fully supported (use `--pdf-engine=xelatex`).
1866+A for loop begins with `for(variable)` (enclosed in
1867+matched delimiters) and ends with `endfor` (enclosed in matched
1868+delimiters.
14441869
1445−[BCP 47]: https://tools.ietf.org/html/bcp47
1446−[Unicode Bidirectional Algorithm]: http://www.w3.org/International/articles/inline-bidi-markup/uba-basics
1870+- If `variable` is an array, the material inside the loop will
1871+ be evaluated repeatedly, with `variable` being set to each
1872+ value of the array in turn, and concatenated.
1873+- If `variable` is a map, the material inside will be set to
1874+ the map.
1875+- If the value of the associated variable is not an array or
1876+ a map, a single iteration will be performed on its value.
14471877
1448−Variables for slides
1449−--------------------
1878+Examples:
14501879
1451−Variables are available for [producing slide shows with pandoc],
1452−including all [reveal.js configuration options].
1880+```
1881+$for(foo)$$foo$$sep$, $endfor$
14531882
1454−`titlegraphic`
1455−: title graphic for Beamer documents
1883+$for(foo)$
1884+ - $foo.last$, $foo.first$
1885+$endfor$
14561886
1457−`logo`
1458−: logo for Beamer documents
1887+${ for(foo.bar) }
1888+ - ${ foo.bar.last }, ${ foo.bar.first }
1889+${ endfor }
14591890
1460−`slidy-url`
1461−: base URL for Slidy documents (defaults to
1462− `https://www.w3.org/Talks/Tools/Slidy2`)
1891+$for(mymap)$
1892+$it.name$: $it.office$
1893+$endfor$
1894+```
14631895
1464−`slideous-url`
1465−: base URL for Slideous documents (defaults to `slideous`)
1896+You may optionally specify a separator between consecutive
1897+values using `sep` (enclosed in matched delimiters). The
1898+material between `sep` and the `endfor` is the separator.
14661899
1467−`s5-url`
1468−: base URL for S5 documents (defaults to `s5/default`)
1900+```
1901+${ for(foo) }${ foo }${ sep }, ${ endfor }
1902+```
14691903
1470−`revealjs-url`
1471−: base URL for reveal.js documents (defaults to `reveal.js`)
1904+Instead of using `variable` inside the loop, the special
1905+anaphoric keyword `it` may be used.
14721906
1473−`theme`, `colortheme`, `fonttheme`, `innertheme`, `outertheme`
1474−: themes for LaTeX [`beamer`] documents
1907+```
1908+${ for(foo.bar) }
1909+ - ${ it.last }, ${ it.first }
1910+${ endfor }
1911+```
14751912
1476−`themeoptions`
1477−: options for LaTeX beamer themes (a list).
1913+### Partials
14781914
1479−`navigation`
1480−: controls navigation symbols in `beamer` documents
1481− (default is `empty` for no navigation symbols; other valid values
1482− are `frame`, `vertical`, and `horizontal`).
1915+Partials (subtemplates stored in different files) may be
1916+included by using the name of the partial, followed
1917+by `()`, for example:
14831918
1484−`section-titles`
1485−: enables on "title pages" for new sections in `beamer`
1486− documents (default = true).
1919+```
1920+${ styles() }
1921+```
14871922
1488−`beamerarticle`
1489−: when true, the `beamerarticle` package is loaded (for
1490− producing an article from beamer slides).
1923+Partials will be sought in the directory containing
1924+the main template. The file name will be assumed to
1925+have the same extension as the main template if it
1926+lacks an extension. When calling the partial, the
1927+full name including file extension can also be used:
14911928
1492−`aspectratio`
1493−: aspect ratio of slides (for beamer only, `1610` for 16:10, `169` for 16:9,
1494− `149` for 14:9, `141` for 1.41:1, `54` for 5:4, `43` for 4:3 which is the
1495− default, and `32` for 3:2).
1929+```
1930+${ styles.html() }
1931+```
14961932
1497−[reveal.js configuration options]: https://github.com/hakimel/reveal.js#configuration
1933+(If a partial is not found in the directory of the
1934+template and the template path is given as a relative
1935+path, it will also be sought in the `templates`
1936+subdirectory of the user data directory.)
14981937
1499−Variables for LaTeX
1500−-------------------
1938+Partials may optionally be applied to variables using
1939+a colon:
15011940
1502−LaTeX variables are used when [creating a PDF].
1941+```
1942+${ date:fancy() }
15031943
1504−`papersize`
1505−: paper size, e.g. `letter`, `a4`
1944+${ articles:bibentry() }
1945+```
15061946
1507−`fontsize`
1508−: font size for body text (e.g. `10pt`, `12pt`)
1947+If `articles` is an array, this will iterate over its
1948+values, applying the partial `bibentry()` to each one. So the
1949+second example above is equivalent to
15091950
1510−`documentclass`
1511−: document class, e.g. [`article`], [`report`], [`book`], [`memoir`]
1951+```
1952+${ for(articles) }
1953+${ it:bibentry() }
1954+${ endfor }
1955+```
15121956
1513−`classoption`
1514−: option for document class, e.g. `oneside`; may be repeated
1515− for multiple options
1957+Note that the anaphoric keyword `it` must be used when
1958+iterating over partials. In the above examples,
1959+the `bibentry` partial should contain `it.title`
1960+(and so on) instead of `articles.title`.
15161961
1517−`beameroption`
1518−: In beamer, add extra beamer option with `\setbeameroption{}`
1962+Final newlines are omitted from included partials.
15191963
1520−`geometry`
1521−: option for [`geometry`] package, e.g. `margin=1in`;
1522− may be repeated for multiple options
1964+Partials may include other partials.
15231965
1524−`margin-left`, `margin-right`, `margin-top`, `margin-bottom`
1525−: sets margins, if `geometry` is not used (otherwise `geometry`
1526− overrides these)
1966+A separator between values of an array may be specified
1967+in square brackets, immediately after the variable name
1968+or partial:
15271969
1528−`linestretch`
1529−: adjusts line spacing using the [`setspace`]
1530− package, e.g. `1.25`, `1.5`
1970+```
1971+${months[, ]}$
15311972
1532−`fontfamily`
1533−: font package for use with `pdflatex`:
1534− [TeX Live] includes many options, documented in the [LaTeX Font Catalogue].
1535− The default is [Latin Modern][`lm`].
1973+${articles:bibentry()[; ]$
1974+```
15361975
1537−`fontfamilyoptions`
1538−: options for package used as `fontfamily`: e.g. `osf,sc` with
1539− `fontfamily` set to [`mathpazo`] provides Palatino with old-style
1540− figures and true small caps; may be repeated for multiple options
1976+The separator in this case is literal and (unlike with `sep`
1977+in an explicit `for` loop) cannot contain interpolated
1978+variables or other template directives.
15411979
1542−`mainfont`, `romanfont`, `sansfont`, `monofont`, `mathfont`, `CJKmainfont`
1543−: font families for use with `xelatex` or
1544− `lualatex`: take the name of any system font, using the
1545− [`fontspec`] package. Note that if `CJKmainfont` is used,
1546− the [`xecjk`] package must be available.
1980+### Nesting
15471981
1548−`mainfontoptions`, `romanfontoptions`, `sansfontoptions`, `monofontoptions`, `mathfontoptions`, `CJKoptions`
1549−: options to use with `mainfont`, `sansfont`, `monofont`, `mathfont`,
1550− `CJKmainfont` in `xelatex` and `lualatex`. Allow for any choices
1551− available through [`fontspec`], such as the OpenType features
1552− `Numbers=OldStyle,Numbers=Proportional`. May be repeated for multiple options.
1982+To ensure that content is "nested," that is, subsequent lines
1983+indented, use the `^` directive:
15531984
1554−`fontenc`
1555−: allows font encoding to be specified through `fontenc` package (with `pdflatex`);
1556− default is `T1` (see guide to [LaTeX font encodings])
1985+```
1986+$item.number$ $^$$item.description$ ($item.price$)
1987+```
15571988
1558−`microtypeoptions`
1559−: options to pass to the microtype package
1989+In this example, if `item.description` has multiple lines,
1990+they will all be indented to line up with the first line:
15601991
1561−`colorlinks`
1562−: add color to link text; automatically enabled if any of
1563− `linkcolor`, `filecolor`, `citecolor`, `urlcolor`, or `toccolor` are set
1992+```
1993+00123 A fine bottle of 18-year old
1994+ Oban whiskey. ($148)
1995+```
15641996
1565−`linkcolor`, `filecolor`, `citecolor`, `urlcolor`, `toccolor`
1566−: color for internal links, external links, citation links, linked
1567− URLs, and links in table of contents, respectively: uses options
1568− allowed by [`xcolor`], including the `dvipsnames`, `svgnames`, and
1569− `x11names` lists
1997+To nest multiple lines to the same level, align them
1998+with the `^` directive in the template. For example:
15701999
1571−`links-as-notes`
1572−: causes links to be printed as footnotes
2000+```
2001+$item.number$ $^$$item.description$ ($item.price$)
2002+ (Available til $item.sellby$.)
2003+```
15732004
1574−`indent`
1575−: uses document class settings for indentation (the default LaTeX template
1576− otherwise removes indentation and adds space between paragraphs)
2005+will produce
15772006
1578−`subparagraph`
1579−: disables default behavior of LaTeX template that redefines (sub)paragraphs
1580− as sections, changing the appearance of nested headings in some classes
2007+```
2008+00123 A fine bottle of 18-year old
2009+ Oban whiskey. ($148)
2010+ (Available til March 30, 2020.)
2011+```
15812012
1582−`thanks`
1583−: specifies contents of acknowledgments footnote after document title.
2013+If a variable occurs by itself on a line, preceded by whitespace
2014+and not followed by further text or directives on the same line,
2015+and the variable's value contains multiple lines, it will be
2016+nested automatically.
15842017
1585−`toc`
1586−: include table of contents (can also be set using `--toc/--table-of-contents`)
2018+### Breakable spaces
15872019
1588−`toc-depth`
1589−: level of section to include in table of contents
2020+Normally, spaces in the template itself (as opposed to values of
2021+the interpolated variables) are not breakable, but they can be
2022+made breakable in part of the template by using the `~` keyword
2023+(ended with another `~`).
15902024
1591−`secnumdepth`
1592−: numbering depth for sections, if sections are numbered
2025+```
2026+$~$This long line may break if the document is rendered
2027+with a short line length.$~$
2028+```
15932029
1594−`lof`, `lot`
1595−: include list of figures, list of tables
2030+### Pipes
15962031
1597−`bibliography`
1598−: bibliography to use for resolving references
2032+A pipe transforms the value of a variable or partial. Pipes are
2033+specified using a slash (`/`) between the variable name (or partial)
2034+and the pipe name. Example:
15992035
1600−`biblio-style`
1601−: bibliography style, when used with `--natbib` and `--biblatex`.
2036+```
2037+$for(name)$
2038+$name/uppercase$
2039+$endfor$
16022040
1603−`biblio-title`
1604−: bibliography title, when used with `--natbib` and `--biblatex`.
2041+$for(metadata/pairs)$
2042+- $it.key$: $it.value$
2043+$endfor$
16052044
1606−`biblatexoptions`
1607−: list of options for biblatex.
2045+$employee:name()/uppercase$
2046+```
16082047
1609−`natbiboptions`
1610−: list of options for natbib.
2048+Pipes may be chained:
16112049
1612−`pagestyle`
1613−: An option for LaTeX's `\pagestyle{}`. The default article class
1614− supports 'plain' (default), 'empty', and 'headings'; headings puts
1615− section titles in the header.
2050+```
2051+$for(employees/pairs)$
2052+$it.key/alpha/uppercase$. $it.name$
2053+$endfor$
2054+```
16162055
1617−[`article`]: https://ctan.org/pkg/article
1618−[`report`]: https://ctan.org/pkg/report
1619−[`book`]: https://ctan.org/pkg/book
1620−[KOMA-Script]: https://ctan.org/pkg/koma-script
1621−[`memoir`]: https://ctan.org/pkg/memoir
1622−[`xcolor`]: https://ctan.org/pkg/xcolor
1623−[LaTeX Font Catalogue]: http://www.tug.dk/FontCatalogue/
1624−[`mathpazo`]: https://ctan.org/pkg/mathpazo
1625−[LaTeX font encodings]: https://ctan.org/pkg/encguide
2056+Some pipes take parameters:
16262057
1627−Variables for ConTeXt
1628−---------------------
2058+```
2059+|----------------------|------------|
2060+$for(employee)$
2061+$it.name.first/uppercase/left 20 "| "$$it.name.salary/right 10 " | " " |"$
2062+$endfor$
2063+|----------------------|------------|
2064+```
16292065
1630−`papersize`
1631−: paper size, e.g. `letter`, `A4`, `landscape` (see [ConTeXt Paper Setup]);
1632− may be repeated for multiple options
2066+Currently the following pipes are predefined:
16332067
1634−`layout`
1635−: options for page margins and text arrangement (see [ConTeXt Layout]);
1636− may be repeated for multiple options
2068+- `pairs`: Converts a map or array to an array of maps,
2069+ each with `key` and `value` fields. If the original
2070+ value was an array, the `key` will be the array index,
2071+ starting with 1.
2072+
2073+- `uppercase`: Converts text to uppercase.
2074+
2075+- `lowercase`: Converts text to lowercase.
2076+
2077+- `length`: Returns the length of the value: number
2078+ of characters for a textual value, number of elements
2079+ for a map or array.
2080+
2081+- `reverse`: Reverses a textual value or array,
2082+ and has no effect on other values.
2083+
2084+- `first`: Returns the first value of an array, if
2085+ applied to a non-empty array; otherwise returns
2086+ the original value.
2087+
2088+- `last`: Returns the last value of an array, if
2089+ applied to a non-empty array; otherwise returns
2090+ the original value.
2091+
2092+- `rest`: Returns all but the first value of an array, if
2093+ applied to a non-empty array; otherwise returns
2094+ the original value.
2095+
2096+- `allbutlast`: Returns all but the last value of an array, if
2097+ applied to a non-empty array; otherwise returns
2098+ the original value.
2099+
2100+- `chomp`: Removes trailing newlines (and breakable space).
2101+
2102+- `nowrap`: Disables line wrapping on breakable spaces.
2103+
2104+- `alpha`: Converts textual values that can be
2105+ read as an integer into lowercase alphabetic
2106+ characters `a..z` (mod 26). This can be used to get lettered
2107+ enumeration from array indices. To get uppercase
2108+ letters, chain with `uppercase`.
2109+
2110+- `roman`: Converts textual values that can be
2111+ read as an integer into lowercase roman numerials.
2112+ This can be used to get lettered enumeration from array indices.
2113+ To get uppercase roman, chain with `uppercase`.
2114+
2115+- `left n "leftborder" "rightborder"`: Renders a textual value
2116+ in a block of width `n`, aligned to the left, with an optional
2117+ left and right border. Has no effect on other values. This
2118+ can be used to align material in tables. Widths are positive
2119+ integers indicating the number of characters. Borders
2120+ are strings inside double quotes; literal `"` and `\` characters
2121+ must be backslash-escaped.
2122+
2123+- `right n "leftborder" "rightborder"`: Renders a textual value
2124+ in a block of width `n`, aligned to the right, and has no
2125+ effect on other values.
2126+
2127+- `center n "leftborder" "rightborder"`: Renders a textual
2128+ value in a block of width `n`, aligned to the center, and has
2129+ no effect on other values.
2130+
2131+
2132+## Variables
2133+
2134+### Metadata variables
2135+
2136+`title`, `author`, `date`
2137+: allow identification of basic aspects of the document. Included
2138+ in PDF metadata through LaTeX and ConTeXt. These can be set
2139+ through a [pandoc title block][Extension: `pandoc_title_block`],
2140+ which allows for multiple authors, or through a
2141+ [YAML metadata block][Extension: `yaml_metadata_block`]:
2142+
2143+ ---
2144+ author:
2145+ - Aristotle
2146+ - Peter Abelard
2147+ ...
2148+
2149+ Note that if you just want to set PDF or HTML metadata, without
2150+ including a title block in the document itself, you can
2151+ set the `title-meta`, `author-meta`, and `date-meta`
2152+ variables. (By default these are set automatically, based
2153+ on `title`, `author`, and `date`.) The page title in HTML
2154+ is set by `pagetitle`, which is equal to `title` by default.
2155+
2156+`subtitle`
2157+: document subtitle, included in HTML, EPUB, LaTeX, ConTeXt, and docx
2158+ documents
2159+
2160+`abstract`
2161+: document summary, included in LaTeX, ConTeXt, AsciiDoc, and docx
2162+ documents
2163+
2164+`keywords`
2165+: list of keywords to be included in HTML, PDF, ODT, pptx, docx
2166+ and AsciiDoc metadata; repeat as for `author`, above
2167+
2168+`subject`
2169+: document subject, included in ODT, PDF, docx and pptx metadata
2170+
2171+`description`
2172+: document description, included in ODT, docx and pptx metadata. Some
2173+ applications show this as `Comments` metadata.
2174+
2175+`category`
2176+: document category, included in docx and pptx metadata
2177+
2178+Additionally,
2179+any root-level string metadata, not included in ODT, docx
2180+or pptx metadata is added as a *custom property*.
2181+The following [YAML] metadata block for instance:
2182+
2183+ ---
2184+ title: 'This is the title'
2185+ subtitle: "This is the subtitle"
2186+ author:
2187+ - Author One
2188+ - Author Two
2189+ description: |
2190+ This is a long
2191+ description.
2192+
2193+ It consists of two paragraphs
2194+ ...
2195+
2196+will include `title`, `author` and `description` as standard document
2197+properties and `subtitle` as a custom property when converting to docx,
2198+ODT or pptx.
2199+
2200+### Language variables
2201+
2202+`lang`
2203+: identifies the main language of the document using IETF language
2204+ tags (following the [BCP 47] standard), such as `en` or `en-GB`.
2205+ The [Language subtag lookup] tool can look up or verify these tags.
2206+ This affects most formats, and controls hyphenation in PDF output
2207+ when using LaTeX (through [`babel`] and [`polyglossia`]) or ConTeXt.
2208+
2209+ Use native pandoc [Divs and Spans] with the `lang` attribute to
2210+ switch the language:
2211+
2212+ ---
2213+ lang: en-GB
2214+ ...
2215+
2216+ Text in the main document language (British English).
2217+
2218+ ::: {lang=fr-CA}
2219+ > Cette citation est écrite en français canadien.
2220+ :::
2221+
2222+ More text in English. ['Zitat auf Deutsch.']{lang=de}
2223+
2224+`dir`
2225+: the base script direction, either `rtl` (right-to-left)
2226+ or `ltr` (left-to-right).
2227+
2228+ For bidirectional documents, native pandoc `span`s and
2229+ `div`s with the `dir` attribute (value `rtl` or `ltr`) can
2230+ be used to override the base direction in some output
2231+ formats. This may not always be necessary if the final
2232+ renderer (e.g. the browser, when generating HTML) supports
2233+ the [Unicode Bidirectional Algorithm].
2234+
2235+ When using LaTeX for bidirectional documents, only the
2236+ `xelatex` engine is fully supported (use
2237+ `--pdf-engine=xelatex`).
2238+
2239+[BCP 47]: https://tools.ietf.org/html/bcp47
2240+[Unicode Bidirectional Algorithm]: https://www.w3.org/International/articles/inline-bidi-markup/uba-basics
2241+[Language subtag lookup]: https://r12a.github.io/app-subtags/
2242+
2243+### Variables for HTML
2244+
2245+`document-css`
2246+: Enables inclusion of most of the [CSS] in the `styles.html`
2247+ [partial](#partials) (have a look with
2248+ `pandoc --print-default-data-file=templates/styles.html`).
2249+ Unless you use [`--css`](#option--css), this variable
2250+ is set to `true` by default. You can disable it with
2251+ e.g. `pandoc -M document-css=false`.
2252+
2253+`mainfont`
2254+: sets the CSS `font-family` property on the `html` element.
2255+
2256+`fontsize`
2257+: sets the base CSS `font-size`, which you'd usually set
2258+ to e.g. `20px`, but it also accepts `pt`
2259+ (12pt = 16px in most browsers).
2260+
2261+`fontcolor`
2262+: sets the CSS `color` property on the `html` element.
2263+
2264+`linkcolor`
2265+: sets the CSS `color` property on all links.
2266+
2267+`monofont`
2268+: sets the CSS `font-family` property on `code` elements.
2269+
2270+`monobackgroundcolor`
2271+: sets the CSS `background-color` property on `code` elements
2272+ and adds extra padding.
2273+
2274+`linestretch`
2275+: sets the CSS `line-height` property on the `html` element,
2276+ which is preferred to be unitless.
2277+
2278+`backgroundcolor`
2279+: sets the CSS `background-color` property on the `html` element.
16372280
16382281`margin-left`, `margin-right`, `margin-top`, `margin-bottom`
1639−: sets margins, if `layout` is not used (otherwise `layout`
2282+: sets the corresponding CSS `padding` properties on the `body` element.
2283+
2284+To override or extend some [CSS] for just one document, include for example:
2285+
2286+ ---
2287+ header-includes: |
2288+ <style>
2289+ blockquote {
2290+ font-style: italic;
2291+ }
2292+ tr.even {
2293+ background-color: #f0f0f0;
2294+ }
2295+ td, th {
2296+ padding: 0.5em 2em 0.5em 0.5em;
2297+ }
2298+ tbody {
2299+ border-bottom: none;
2300+ }
2301+ </style>
2302+ ---
2303+
2304+[CSS]: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn/CSS
2305+
2306+### Variables for HTML math
2307+
2308+`classoption`
2309+: when using [KaTeX](#option--katex), you can render display
2310+math equations flush left using [YAML metadata](#layout) or with
2311+`-M classoption=fleqn`.
2312+
2313+### Variables for HTML slides
2314+
2315+These affect HTML output when [producing slide shows with pandoc].
2316+
2317+`institute`
2318+: author affiliations: can be a list when there are multiple authors
2319+
2320+`revealjs-url`
2321+: base URL for reveal.js documents (defaults to
2322+ `https://unpkg.com/reveal.js@^4/`)
2323+
2324+`s5-url`
2325+: base URL for S5 documents (defaults to `s5/default`)
2326+
2327+`slidy-url`
2328+: base URL for Slidy documents (defaults to
2329+ `https://www.w3.org/Talks/Tools/Slidy2`)
2330+
2331+`slideous-url`
2332+: base URL for Slideous documents (defaults to `slideous`)
2333+
2334+`title-slide-attributes`
2335+: additional attributes for the title slide of reveal.js slide shows.
2336+ See [background in reveal.js and beamer] for an example.
2337+
2338+All [reveal.js configuration options] are available as variables.
2339+To turn off boolean flags that default to true in reveal.js, use `0`.
2340+
2341+[reveal.js configuration options]: https://revealjs.com/config/
2342+
2343+### Variables for Beamer slides
2344+
2345+These variables change the appearance of PDF slides using [`beamer`].
2346+
2347+`aspectratio`
2348+: slide aspect ratio (`43` for 4:3 [default], `169` for 16:9,
2349+ `1610` for 16:10, `149` for 14:9, `141` for 1.41:1, `54` for 5:4,
2350+ `32` for 3:2)
2351+
2352+`beamerarticle`
2353+: produce an article from Beamer slides
2354+
2355+`beameroption`
2356+: add extra beamer option with `\setbeameroption{}`
2357+
2358+`institute`
2359+: author affiliations: can be a list when there are multiple authors
2360+
2361+`logo`
2362+: logo image for slides
2363+
2364+`navigation`
2365+: controls navigation symbols (default is `empty` for no navigation
2366+ symbols; other valid values are `frame`, `vertical`, and `horizontal`)
2367+
2368+`section-titles`
2369+: enables "title pages" for new sections (default is true)
2370+
2371+`theme`, `colortheme`, `fonttheme`, `innertheme`, `outertheme`
2372+: beamer themes
2373+
2374+`themeoptions`
2375+: options for LaTeX beamer themes (a list).
2376+
2377+`titlegraphic`
2378+: image for title slide
2379+
2380+### Variables for PowerPoint
2381+
2382+These variables control the visual aspects of a slide show that
2383+are not easily controlled via templates.
2384+
2385+`monofont`
2386+: font to use for code.
2387+
2388+### Variables for LaTeX
2389+
2390+Pandoc uses these variables when [creating a PDF] with a LaTeX engine.
2391+
2392+#### Layout
2393+
2394+`block-headings`
2395+: make `\paragraph` and `\subparagraph` (fourth- and
2396+ fifth-level headings, or fifth- and sixth-level with book
2397+ classes) free-standing rather than run-in; requires further
2398+ formatting to distinguish from `\subsubsection` (third- or
2399+ fourth-level headings). Instead of using this option,
2400+ [KOMA-Script] can adjust headings more extensively:
2401+
2402+ ---
2403+ documentclass: scrartcl
2404+ header-includes: |
2405+ \RedeclareSectionCommand[
2406+ beforeskip=-10pt plus -2pt minus -1pt,
2407+ afterskip=1sp plus -1sp minus 1sp,
2408+ font=\normalfont\itshape]{paragraph}
2409+ \RedeclareSectionCommand[
2410+ beforeskip=-10pt plus -2pt minus -1pt,
2411+ afterskip=1sp plus -1sp minus 1sp,
2412+ font=\normalfont\scshape,
2413+ indent=0pt]{subparagraph}
2414+ ...
2415+
2416+`classoption`
2417+: option for document class, e.g. `oneside`; repeat for multiple options:
2418+
2419+ ---
2420+ classoption:
2421+ - twocolumn
2422+ - landscape
2423+ ...
2424+
2425+`documentclass`
2426+: document class: usually one of the standard classes,
2427+ [`article`], [`book`], and [`report`]; the [KOMA-Script]
2428+ equivalents, `scrartcl`, `scrbook`, and `scrreprt`, which
2429+ default to smaller margins; or [`memoir`]
2430+
2431+`geometry`
2432+: option for [`geometry`] package, e.g. `margin=1in`;
2433+ repeat for multiple options:
2434+
2435+ ---
2436+ geometry:
2437+ - top=30mm
2438+ - left=20mm
2439+ - heightrounded
2440+ ...
2441+
2442+`hyperrefoptions`
2443+: option for [`hyperref`] package, e.g. `linktoc=all`;
2444+ repeat for multiple options:
2445+
2446+ ---
2447+ hyperrefoptions:
2448+ - linktoc=all
2449+ - pdfwindowui
2450+ - pdfpagemode=FullScreen
2451+ ...
2452+
2453+`indent`
2454+: if true, pandoc will use document class settings for
2455+ indentation (the default LaTeX template otherwise removes
2456+ indentation and adds space between paragraphs)
2457+
2458+`linestretch`
2459+: adjusts line spacing using the [`setspace`]
2460+ package, e.g. `1.25`, `1.5`
2461+
2462+`margin-left`, `margin-right`, `margin-top`, `margin-bottom`
2463+: sets margins if `geometry` is not used (otherwise `geometry`
16402464 overrides these)
16412465
2466+`pagestyle`
2467+: control `\pagestyle{}`: the default article class
2468+ supports `plain` (default), `empty` (no running heads or page numbers),
2469+ and `headings` (section titles in running heads)
2470+
2471+`papersize`
2472+: paper size, e.g. `letter`, `a4`
2473+
2474+`secnumdepth`
2475+: numbering depth for sections (with `--number-sections` option
2476+ or `numbersections` variable)
2477+
2478+#### Fonts
2479+
2480+`fontenc`
2481+: allows font encoding to be specified through `fontenc` package (with
2482+ `pdflatex`); default is `T1` (see [LaTeX font encodings guide])
2483+
2484+`fontfamily`
2485+: font package for use with `pdflatex`:
2486+ [TeX Live] includes many options, documented in the [LaTeX Font Catalogue].
2487+ The default is [Latin Modern][`lm`].
2488+
2489+`fontfamilyoptions`
2490+: options for package used as `fontfamily`; repeat for multiple options.
2491+ For example, to use the Libertine font with proportional lowercase
2492+ (old-style) figures through the [`libertinus`] package:
2493+
2494+ ---
2495+ fontfamily: libertinus
2496+ fontfamilyoptions:
2497+ - osf
2498+ - p
2499+ ...
2500+
16422501`fontsize`
1643−: font size for body text (e.g. `10pt`, `12pt`)
2502+: font size for body text. The standard classes allow 10pt, 11pt, and
2503+ 12pt. To use another size, set `documentclass` to one of
2504+ the [KOMA-Script] classes, such as `scrartcl` or `scrbook`.
16442505
1645−`mainfont`, `sansfont`, `monofont`, `mathfont`
1646−: font families: take the name of any system font (see [ConTeXt Font Switching])
2506+`mainfont`, `sansfont`, `monofont`, `mathfont`, `CJKmainfont`
2507+: font families for use with `xelatex` or
2508+ `lualatex`: take the name of any system font, using the
2509+ [`fontspec`] package. `CJKmainfont` uses the [`xecjk`] package.
16472510
1648−`linkcolor`, `contrastcolor`
1649−: color for links outside and inside a page, e.g. `red`, `blue` (see [ConTeXt Color])
2511+`mainfontoptions`, `sansfontoptions`, `monofontoptions`, `mathfontoptions`, `CJKoptions`
2512+: options to use with `mainfont`, `sansfont`, `monofont`, `mathfont`,
2513+ `CJKmainfont` in `xelatex` and `lualatex`. Allow for any
2514+ choices available through [`fontspec`]; repeat for multiple
2515+ options. For example, to use the [TeX Gyre] version of
2516+ Palatino with lowercase figures:
16502517
1651−`linkstyle`
1652−: typeface style for links, e.g. `normal`, `bold`, `slanted`, `boldslanted`, `type`, `cap`, `small`
2518+ ---
2519+ mainfont: TeX Gyre Pagella
2520+ mainfontoptions:
2521+ - Numbers=Lowercase
2522+ - Numbers=Proportional
2523+ ...
16532524
1654−`indenting`
1655−: controls indentation of paragraphs, e.g. `yes,small,next` (see [ConTeXt Indentation]);
1656− may be repeated for multiple options
2525+`microtypeoptions`
2526+: options to pass to the microtype package
16572527
1658−`whitespace`
1659−: spacing between paragraphs, e.g. `none`, `small` (using [`setupwhitespace`])
2528+#### Links
2529+
2530+`colorlinks`
2531+: add color to link text; automatically enabled if any of
2532+ `linkcolor`, `filecolor`, `citecolor`, `urlcolor`, or `toccolor` are set
2533+
2534+`linkcolor`, `filecolor`, `citecolor`, `urlcolor`, `toccolor`
2535+: color for internal links, external links, citation links, linked
2536+ URLs, and links in table of contents, respectively: uses options
2537+ allowed by [`xcolor`], including the `dvipsnames`, `svgnames`, and
2538+ `x11names` lists
2539+
2540+`links-as-notes`
2541+: causes links to be printed as footnotes
2542+
2543+#### Front matter
2544+
2545+`lof`, `lot`
2546+: include list of figures, list of tables
2547+
2548+`thanks`
2549+: contents of acknowledgments footnote after document title
2550+
2551+`toc`
2552+: include table of contents (can also be set using
2553+ `--toc/--table-of-contents`)
2554+
2555+`toc-depth`
2556+: level of section to include in table of contents
2557+
2558+#### BibLaTeX Bibliographies
2559+
2560+These variables function when using BibLaTeX for [citation rendering].
2561+
2562+`biblatexoptions`
2563+: list of options for biblatex
2564+
2565+`biblio-style`
2566+: bibliography style, when used with `--natbib` and `--biblatex`.
2567+
2568+`biblio-title`
2569+: bibliography title, when used with `--natbib` and `--biblatex`.
2570+
2571+`bibliography`
2572+: bibliography to use for resolving references
2573+
2574+`natbiboptions`
2575+: list of options for natbib
2576+
2577+[KOMA-Script]: https://ctan.org/pkg/koma-script
2578+[LaTeX Font Catalogue]: https://tug.org/FontCatalogue/
2579+[LaTeX font encodings guide]: https://ctan.org/pkg/encguide
2580+[TeX Gyre]: http://www.gust.org.pl/projects/e-foundry/tex-gyre
2581+[`article`]: https://ctan.org/pkg/article
2582+[`book`]: https://ctan.org/pkg/book
2583+[`libertinus`]: https://ctan.org/pkg/libertinus
2584+[`memoir`]: https://ctan.org/pkg/memoir
2585+[`report`]: https://ctan.org/pkg/report
2586+
2587+### Variables for ConTeXt
2588+
2589+Pandoc uses these variables when [creating a PDF] with ConTeXt.
2590+
2591+`fontsize`
2592+: font size for body text (e.g. `10pt`, `12pt`)
2593+
2594+`headertext`, `footertext`
2595+: text to be placed in running header or footer (see [ConTeXt Headers and
2596+ Footers]); repeat up to four times for different placement
2597+
2598+`indenting`
2599+: controls indentation of paragraphs, e.g. `yes,small,next` (see
2600+ [ConTeXt Indentation]); repeat for multiple options
16602601
16612602`interlinespace`
16622603: adjusts line spacing, e.g. `4ex` (using [`setupinterlinespace`]);
1663− may be repeated for multiple options
2604+ repeat for multiple options
16642605
1665−`headertext`, `footertext`
1666−: text to be placed in running header or footer (see [ConTeXt Headers and Footers]);
1667− may be repeated up to four times for different placement
2606+`layout`
2607+: options for page margins and text arrangement (see [ConTeXt Layout]);
2608+ repeat for multiple options
16682609
1669−`pagenumbering`
1670−: page number style and location (using [`setuppagenumbering`]);
1671− may be repeated for multiple options
2610+`linkcolor`, `contrastcolor`
2611+: color for links outside and inside a page, e.g. `red`, `blue` (see
2612+ [ConTeXt Color])
16722613
1673−`toc`
1674−: include table of contents (can also be set using `--toc/--table-of-contents`)
2614+`linkstyle`
2615+: typeface style for links, e.g. `normal`, `bold`, `slanted`, `boldslanted`,
2616+ `type`, `cap`, `small`
16752617
16762618`lof`, `lot`
16772619: include list of figures, list of tables
16782620
2621+`mainfont`, `sansfont`, `monofont`, `mathfont`
2622+: font families: take the name of any system font (see
2623+ [ConTeXt Font Switching])
2624+
2625+`margin-left`, `margin-right`, `margin-top`, `margin-bottom`
2626+: sets margins, if `layout` is not used (otherwise `layout`
2627+ overrides these)
2628+
2629+`pagenumbering`
2630+: page number style and location (using [`setuppagenumbering`]);
2631+ repeat for multiple options
2632+
2633+`papersize`
2634+: paper size, e.g. `letter`, `A4`, `landscape` (see [ConTeXt Paper Setup]);
2635+ repeat for multiple options
2636+
16792637`pdfa`
1680−: adds to the preamble the setup necessary to generate PDF/A-1b:2005.
1681− To successfully generate PDF/A the required ICC color profiles have to
1682− be available and the content and all included files (such as images)
1683− have to be standard conforming. The ICC profiles can be obtained
1684− from [ConTeXt ICC Profiles]. See also [ConTeXt PDFA] for more
1685− details.
2638+: adds to the preamble the setup necessary to generate PDF/A
2639+ of the type specified, e.g. `1a:2005`, `2a`. If no type is
2640+ specified (i.e. the value is set to True, by e.g.
2641+ `--metadata=pdfa` or `pdfa: true` in a YAML metadata block),
2642+ `1b:2005` will be used as default, for reasons of backwards
2643+ compatibility. Using `--variable=pdfa` without specified value
2644+ is not supported. To successfully generate PDF/A the required
2645+ ICC color profiles have to be available and the content and all
2646+ included files (such as images) have to be standard conforming.
2647+ The ICC profiles and output intent may be specified using the
2648+ variables `pdfaiccprofile` and `pdfaintent`. See also [ConTeXt
2649+ PDFA] for more details.
2650+
2651+`pdfaiccprofile`
2652+: when used in conjunction with `pdfa`, specifies the ICC profile to use
2653+ in the PDF, e.g. `default.cmyk`. If left unspecified, `sRGB.icc` is
2654+ used as default. May be repeated to include multiple profiles. Note that
2655+ the profiles have to be available on the system. They can be obtained
2656+ from [ConTeXt ICC Profiles].
2657+
2658+`pdfaintent`
2659+: when used in conjunction with `pdfa`, specifies the output intent for
2660+ the colors, e.g. `ISO coated v2 300\letterpercent\space (ECI)`
2661+ If left unspecified, `sRGB IEC61966-2.1` is used as default.
2662+
2663+`toc`
2664+: include table of contents (can also be set using
2665+ `--toc/--table-of-contents`)
2666+
2667+`whitespace`
2668+: spacing between paragraphs, e.g. `none`, `small` (using
2669+ [`setupwhitespace`])
2670+
2671+`includesource`
2672+: include all source documents as file attachments in the PDF file
16862673
16872674[ConTeXt Paper Setup]: https://wiki.contextgarden.net/PaperSetup
16882675[ConTeXt Layout]: https://wiki.contextgarden.net/Layout
@@ -1696,33 +2683,39 @@ Variables for ConTeXt
16962683[`setupinterlinespace`]: https://wiki.contextgarden.net/Command/setupinterlinespace
16972684[`setuppagenumbering`]: https://wiki.contextgarden.net/Command/setuppagenumbering
16982685
1699−Variables for man pages
1700−-----------------------
2686+### Variables for `wkhtmltopdf`
17012687
1702−`section`
1703−: section number in man pages
2688+Pandoc uses these variables when [creating a PDF] with [`wkhtmltopdf`].
2689+The `--css` option also affects the output.
17042690
1705−`header`
1706−: header in man pages
2691+`footer-html`, `header-html`
2692+: add information to the header and footer
17072693
1708−`footer`
1709−: footer in man pages
2694+`margin-left`, `margin-right`, `margin-top`, `margin-bottom`
2695+: set the page margins
2696+
2697+`papersize`
2698+: sets the PDF paper size
2699+
2700+### Variables for man pages
17102701
17112702`adjusting`
17122703: adjusts text to left (`l`), right (`r`), center (`c`),
17132704 or both (`b`) margins
17142705
2706+`footer`
2707+: footer in man pages
2708+
2709+`header`
2710+: header in man pages
2711+
17152712`hyphenate`
17162713: if `true` (the default), hyphenation will be used
17172714
1718−Variables for ms
1719−----------------
2715+`section`
2716+: section number in man pages
17202717
1721−`pointsize`
1722−: point size (e.g. `10p`)
1723−
1724−`lineheight`
1725−: line height (e.g. `12p`)
2718+### Variables for ms
17262719
17272720`fontfamily`
17282721: font family (e.g. `T` or `P`)
@@ -1730,75 +2723,81 @@ Variables for ms
17302723`indent`
17312724: paragraph indent (e.g. `2m`)
17322725
1733−Using variables in templates
1734−----------------------------
2726+`lineheight`
2727+: line height (e.g. `12p`)
17352728
1736−Variable names are sequences of alphanumerics, `-`, and `_`,
1737−starting with a letter. A variable name surrounded by `$` signs
1738−will be replaced by its value. For example, the string `$title$` in
2729+`pointsize`
2730+: point size (e.g. `10p`)
17392731
1740− <title>$title$</title>
2732+### Variables set automatically
17412733
1742−will be replaced by the document title.
2734+Pandoc sets these variables automatically in response to [options] or
2735+document contents; users can also modify them. These vary depending
2736+on the output format, and include the following:
17432737
1744−To write a literal `$` in a template, use `$$`.
2738+`body`
2739+: body of document
17452740
1746−Templates may contain conditionals. The syntax is as follows:
2741+`date-meta`
2742+: the `date` variable converted to ISO 8601 YYYY-MM-DD,
2743+ included in all HTML based formats (dzslides, epub,
2744+ html, html4, html5, revealjs, s5, slideous, slidy).
2745+ The recognized formats for `date` are: `mm/dd/yyyy`,
2746+ `mm/dd/yy`, `yyyy-mm-dd` (ISO 8601), `dd MM yyyy`
2747+ (e.g. either `02 Apr 2018` or `02 April 2018`),
2748+ `MM dd, yyyy` (e.g. `Apr. 02, 2018` or `April 02, 2018),
2749+ `yyyy[mm[dd]]]` (e.g. `20180402, `201804` or `2018`).
17472750
1748− $if(variable)$
1749− X
1750− $else$
1751− Y
1752− $endif$
2751+`header-includes`
2752+: contents specified by `-H/--include-in-header` (may have multiple
2753+ values)
17532754
1754−This will include `X` in the template if `variable` has a truthy
1755−value; otherwise it will include `Y`. Here a truthy value is any
1756−of the following:
2755+`include-before`
2756+: contents specified by `-B/--include-before-body` (may have
2757+ multiple values)
17572758
1758−- a string that is not entirely white space,
1759−- a non-empty array where the first value is truthy,
1760−- any number (including zero),
1761−- any object,
1762−- the boolean `true` (to specify the boolean `true`
1763− value using YAML metadata or the `--metadata` flag,
1764− use `true`, `True`, or `TRUE`; with the `--variable`
1765− flag, simply omit a value for the variable, e.g.
1766− `--variable draft`).
2759+`include-after`
2760+: contents specified by `-A/--include-after-body` (may have
2761+ multiple values)
17672762
1768−`X` and `Y` are placeholders for any valid template text,
1769−and may include interpolated variables or other conditionals.
1770−The `$else$` section may be omitted.
2763+`meta-json`
2764+: JSON representation of all of the document's metadata. Field
2765+ values are transformed to the selected output format.
17712766
1772−When variables can have multiple values (for example, `author` in
1773−a multi-author document), you can use the `$for$` keyword:
2767+`numbersections`
2768+: non-null value if `-N/--number-sections` was specified
17742769
1775− $for(author)$
1776− <meta name="author" content="$author$" />
1777− $endfor$
2770+`sourcefile`, `outputfile`
2771+: source and destination filenames, as given on the command line.
2772+ `sourcefile` can also be a list if input comes from multiple files,
2773+ or empty if input is from stdin. You can use the following snippet in
2774+ your template to distinguish them:
17782775
1779−You can optionally specify a separator to be used between
1780−consecutive items:
2776+ $if(sourcefile)$
2777+ $for(sourcefile)$
2778+ $sourcefile$
2779+ $endfor$
2780+ $else$
2781+ (stdin)
2782+ $endif$
17812783
1782− $for(author)$$author$$sep$, $endfor$
2784+ Similarly, `outputfile` can be `-` if output goes to the terminal.
17832785
1784−A dot can be used to select a field of a variable that takes
1785−an object as its value. So, for example:
2786+ If you need absolute paths, use e.g. `$curdir$/$sourcefile$`.
17862787
1787− $author.name$ ($author.affiliation$)
2788+`curdir`
2789+: working directory from which pandoc is run.
17882790
1789−If you use custom templates, you may need to revise them as pandoc
1790−changes. We recommend tracking the changes in the default templates,
1791−and modifying your custom templates accordingly. An easy way to do this
1792−is to fork the [pandoc-templates] repository and merge in changes after each
1793−pandoc release.
2791+`toc`
2792+: non-null value if `--toc/--table-of-contents` was specified
17942793
1795−Templates may contain comments: anything on a line after `$--`
1796−will be treated as a comment and ignored.
2794+`toc-title`
2795+: title of table of contents (works only with EPUB,
2796+ HTML, opendocument, odt, docx, pptx, beamer, LaTeX)
17972797
17982798[pandoc-templates]: https://github.com/jgm/pandoc-templates
17992799
1800−Extensions
1801−==========
2800+# Extensions
18022801
18032802The behavior of some of the readers and writers can be adjusted by
18042803enabling or disabling various extensions.
@@ -1815,8 +2814,11 @@ section [Pandoc's Markdown] below (See [Markdown variants] for
18152814`commonmark` and `gfm`.) In the following, extensions that also work
18162815for other formats are covered.
18172816
1818−Typography
1819−----------
2817+Note that markdown extensions added to the `ipynb` format
2818+affect Markdown cells in Jupyter notebooks (as do command-line
2819+options like `--atx-headers`).
2820+
2821+## Typography
18202822
18212823#### Extension: `smart` ####
18222824
@@ -1848,13 +2850,12 @@ literally. In writing LaTeX, enabling `smart` tells pandoc
18482850to use the ligatures when possible; if `smart` is disabled
18492851pandoc will use unicode quotation mark and dash characters.
18502852
1851−Headers and sections
1852−--------------------
2853+## Headings and sections
18532854
18542855#### Extension: `auto_identifiers` ####
18552856
1856−A header without an explicitly specified identifier will be
1857−automatically assigned a unique identifier based on the header text.
2857+A heading without an explicitly specified identifier will be
2858+automatically assigned a unique identifier based on the heading text.
18582859
18592860This extension can be enabled/disabled for the following formats:
18602861
@@ -1868,11 +2869,12 @@ enabled by default in
18682869: `markdown`, `muse`
18692870
18702871The default algorithm used to derive the identifier from the
1871−header text is:
2872+heading text is:
18722873
18732874 - Remove all formatting, links, etc.
18742875 - Remove all footnotes.
1875− - Remove all punctuation, except underscores, hyphens, and periods.
2876+ - Remove all non-alphanumeric characters,
2877+ except underscores, hyphens, and periods.
18762878 - Replace all spaces and newlines with hyphens.
18772879 - Convert all alphabetic characters to lowercase.
18782880 - Remove everything up to the first letter (identifiers may
@@ -1881,16 +2883,17 @@ header text is:
18812883
18822884Thus, for example,
18832885
1884− Header Identifier
2886+ Heading Identifier
18852887 ------------------------------- ----------------------------
1886− `Header identifiers in HTML` `header-identifiers-in-html`
2888+ `Heading identifiers in HTML` `heading-identifiers-in-html`
2889+ `Maître d'hôtel` `maître-dhôtel`
18872890 `*Dogs*?--in *my* house?` `dogs--in-my-house`
18882891 `[HTML], [S5], or [RTF]?` `html-s5-or-rtf`
18892892 `3. Applications` `applications`
18902893 `33` `section`
18912894
18922895These rules should, in most cases, allow one to determine the identifier
1893−from the header text. The exception is when several headers have the
2896+from the heading text. The exception is when several headings have the
18942897same text; in this case, the first will get an identifier as described
18952898above; the second will get the same identifier with `-1` appended; the
18962899third with `-2`; and so on.
@@ -1904,7 +2907,7 @@ also make it easy to provide links from one section of a document to
19042907another. A link to this section, for example, might look like this:
19052908
19062909 See the section on
1907− [header identifiers](#header-identifiers-in-html-latex-and-context).
2910+ [heading identifiers](#heading-identifiers-in-html-latex-and-context).
19082911
19092912Note, however, that this method of providing links to sections works
19102913only in HTML, LaTeX, and ConTeXt formats.
@@ -1912,7 +2915,7 @@ only in HTML, LaTeX, and ConTeXt formats.
19122915If the `--section-divs` option is specified, then each section will
19132916be wrapped in a `section` (or a `div`, if `html4` was specified),
19142917and the identifier will be attached to the enclosing `<section>`
1915−(or `<div>`) tag rather than the header itself. This allows entire
2918+(or `<div>`) tag rather than the heading itself. This allows entire
19162919sections to be manipulated using JavaScript or treated differently in
19172920CSS.
19182921
@@ -1928,9 +2931,9 @@ Changes the algorithm used by `auto_identifiers` to conform to
19282931GitHub's method. Spaces are converted to dashes (`-`),
19292932uppercase characters to lowercase characters, and punctuation
19302933characters other than `-` and `_` are removed.
2934+Emojis are replaced by their names.
19312935
1932−Math Input
1933−----------
2936+## Math Input
19342937
19352938The extensions [`tex_math_dollars`](#extension-tex_math_dollars),
19362939[`tex_math_single_backslash`](#extension-tex_math_single_backslash), and
@@ -1940,51 +2943,47 @@ are described in the section about Pandoc's Markdown.
19402943However, they can also be used with HTML input. This is handy for
19412944reading web pages formatted using MathJax, for example.
19422945
1943−Raw HTML/TeX
1944−------------
1945−
1946−The following extensions (especially how they affect Markdown
1947−input/output) are also described in more detail in their respective
1948−sections of [Pandoc's Markdown].
2946+## Raw HTML/TeX
19492947
1950−#### Extension: `raw_html` {#raw_html}
2948+The following extensions are described in more detail in
2949+their respective sections of [Pandoc's Markdown]:
19512950
1952−When converting from HTML, parse elements to raw HTML which are not
1953−representable in pandoc's AST.
1954−By default, this is disabled for HTML input.
2951+- [`raw_html`](#extension-raw_html) allows HTML elements which
2952+ are not representable in pandoc's AST to be parsed as raw HTML.
2953+ By default, this is disabled for HTML input.
19552954
1956−#### Extension: `raw_tex` {#raw_tex}
2955+- [`raw_tex`](#extension-raw_tex) allows raw LaTeX, TeX, and ConTeXt
2956+ to be included in a document. This extension can be enabled/disabled
2957+ for the following formats (in addition to `markdown`):
19572958
1958−Allows raw LaTeX, TeX, and ConTeXt to be included in a document.
2959+ input formats
2960+ : `latex`, `textile`, `html` (environments, `\ref`, and
2961+ `\eqref` only), `ipynb`
19592962
1960−This extension can be enabled/disabled for the following formats
1961−(in addition to `markdown`):
2963+ output formats
2964+ : `textile`, `commonmark`
19622965
1963−input formats
1964−: `latex`, `org`, `textile`, `html` (environments, `\ref`, and
1965− `\eqref` only)
1966−
1967−output formats
1968−: `textile`, `commonmark`
1969−
1970−#### Extension: `native_divs` {#native_divs}
1971−
1972−This extension is enabled by default for HTML input. This means that
1973−`div`s are parsed to pandoc native elements. (Alternatively, you
1974−can parse them to raw HTML using `-f html-native_divs+raw_html`.)
1975−
1976−When converting HTML to Markdown, for example, you may want to drop all
1977−`div`s and `span`s:
1978−
1979− pandoc -f html-native_divs-native_spans -t markdown
2966+ Note: as applied to `ipynb`, `raw_html` and `raw_tex` affect not
2967+ only raw TeX in markdown cells, but data with mime type
2968+ `text/html` in output cells. Since the `ipynb` reader attempts
2969+ to preserve the richest possible outputs when several options
2970+ are given, you will get best results if you disable `raw_html`
2971+ and `raw_tex` when converting to formats like `docx` which don't
2972+ allow raw `html` or `tex`.
19802973
1981−#### Extension: `native_spans` {#native_spans}
2974+- [`native_divs`](#extension-native_divs) causes HTML `div`
2975+ elements to be parsed as native pandoc Div blocks.
2976+ If you want them to be parsed as raw HTML, use
2977+ `-f html-native_divs+raw_html`.
19822978
1983−Analogous to `native_divs` above.
2979+- [`native_spans`](#extension-native_spans) causes HTML `span`
2980+ elements to be parsed as native pandoc Span inlines.
2981+ If you want them to be parsed as raw HTML, use
2982+ `-f html-native_spans+raw_html`. If you want to drop all
2983+ `div`s and `span`s when converting HTML to Markdown, you
2984+ can use `pandoc -f html-native_divs-native_spans -t markdown`.
19842985
1985−
1986−Literate Haskell support
1987−------------------------
2986+## Literate Haskell support
19882987
19892988#### Extension: `literate_haskell` ####
19902989
@@ -2005,12 +3004,12 @@ This means that
20053004 - In Markdown input, "bird track" sections will be parsed as Haskell
20063005 code rather than block quotations. Text between `\begin{code}`
20073006 and `\end{code}` will also be treated as Haskell code. For
2008− ATX-style headers the character '=' will be used instead of '#'.
3007+ ATX-style headings the character '=' will be used instead of '#'.
20093008
20103009 - In Markdown output, code blocks with classes `haskell` and `literate`
20113010 will be rendered using bird tracks, and block quotations will be
20123011 indented one space, so they will not be treated as Haskell code.
2013− In addition, headers will be rendered setext-style (with underlines)
3012+ In addition, headings will be rendered setext-style (with underlines)
20143013 rather than ATX-style (with '#' characters). (This is because ghc
20153014 treats '#' characters in column 1 as introducing line numbers.)
20163015
@@ -2045,8 +3044,7 @@ Note that GHC expects the bird tracks in the first column, so indented
20453044literate code blocks (e.g. inside an itemized environment) will not be
20463045picked up by the Haskell compiler.
20473046
2048−Other extensions
2049−----------------
3047+## Other extensions
20503048
20513049#### Extension: `empty_paragraphs` ####
20523050
@@ -2061,12 +3059,60 @@ input formats
20613059output formats
20623060: `docx`, `odt`, `opendocument`, `html`
20633061
3062+#### Extension: `native_numbering` ####
3063+
3064+Enables native numbering of figures and tables. Enumeration
3065+starts at 1.
3066+
3067+This extension can be enabled/disabled for the following formats:
3068+
3069+output formats
3070+: `odt`, `opendocument`
3071+
3072+#### Extension: `xrefs_name` ####
3073+
3074+Links to headings, figures and tables inside the document are
3075+substituted with cross-references that will use the name or caption
3076+of the referenced item. The original link text is replaced once
3077+the generated document is refreshed. This extension can be combined
3078+with `xrefs_number` in which case numbers will appear before the
3079+name.
3080+
3081+Text in cross-references is only made consistent with the referenced
3082+item once the document has been refreshed.
3083+
3084+This extension can be enabled/disabled for the following formats:
3085+
3086+output formats
3087+: `odt`, `opendocument`
3088+
3089+#### Extension: `xrefs_number` ####
3090+
3091+Links to headings, figures and tables inside the document are
3092+substituted with cross-references that will use the number
3093+of the referenced item. The original link text is discarded.
3094+This extension can be combined with `xrefs_name` in which case
3095+the name or caption numbers will appear after the number.
3096+
3097+For the `xrefs_number` to be useful heading numbers must be enabled
3098+in the generated document, also table and figure captions must be enabled
3099+using for example the `native_numbering` extension.
3100+
3101+Numbers in cross-references are only visible in the final document once
3102+it has been refreshed.
3103+
3104+This extension can be enabled/disabled for the following formats:
3105+
3106+output formats
3107+: `odt`, `opendocument`
3108+
20643109#### Extension: `styles` #### {#ext-styles}
20653110
2066−Read all docx styles as divs (for paragraph styles) and spans (for
2067−character styles) regardless of whether pandoc understands the meaning
2068−of these styles. This can be used with [docx custom
2069−styles](#custom-styles). Disabled by default.
3111+When converting from docx, read all docx styles as divs (for
3112+paragraph styles) and spans (for character styles) regardless
3113+of whether pandoc understands the meaning of these styles.
3114+This can be used with [docx custom styles](#custom-styles).
3115+Disabled by default.
20703116
20713117input formats
20723118: `docx`
@@ -2076,22 +3122,36 @@ input formats
20763122In the `muse` input format, this enables Text::Amuse
20773123extensions to Emacs Muse markup.
20783124
3125+#### Extension: `raw_markdown` ####
3126+
3127+In the `ipynb` input format, this causes Markdown cells
3128+to be included as raw Markdown blocks (allowing lossless
3129+round-tripping) rather than being parsed. Use this only
3130+when you are targeting `ipynb` or a markdown-based
3131+output format.
3132+
20793133#### Extension: `citations` {#org-citations}
20803134
2081−Some aspects of [Pandoc's Markdown citation syntax](#citations) are also accepted
2082−in `org` input.
3135+Some aspects of [Pandoc's Markdown citation syntax](#citations)
3136+are also accepted in `org` input.
3137+
3138+#### Extension: `element_citations` ####
3139+
3140+In the `jats` output formats, this causes reference items to
3141+be replaced with `<element-citation>` elements. These
3142+elements are not influenced by CSL styles, but all information
3143+on the item is included in tags.
20833144
20843145#### Extension: `ntb` ####
20853146
20863147In the `context` output format this enables the use of [Natural Tables
2087−(TABLE)](http://wiki.contextgarden.net/TABLE) instead of the default
2088−[Extreme Tables (xtables)](http://wiki.contextgarden.net/xtables).
3148+(TABLE)](https://wiki.contextgarden.net/TABLE) instead of the default
3149+[Extreme Tables (xtables)](https://wiki.contextgarden.net/xtables).
20893150Natural tables allow more fine-grained global customization but come
20903151at a performance penalty compared to extreme tables.
20913152
20923153
2093−Pandoc's Markdown
2094−=================
3154+# Pandoc's Markdown
20953155
20963156Pandoc understands an extended and slightly revised version of
20973157John Gruber's [Markdown] syntax. This document explains the syntax,
@@ -2101,8 +3161,7 @@ of `markdown`. Extensions can be enabled or disabled to specify the
21013161behavior more granularly. They are described in the following. See also
21023162[Extensions] above, for extensions that work also on other formats.
21033163
2104−Philosophy
2105−----------
3164+## Philosophy
21063165
21073166Markdown is designed to be easy to write, and, even more importantly,
21083167easy to read:
@@ -2110,7 +3169,7 @@ easy to read:
21103169> A Markdown-formatted document should be publishable as-is, as plain
21113170> text, without looking like it's been marked up with tags or formatting
21123171> instructions.
2113−> -- [John Gruber](http://daringfireball.net/projects/markdown/syntax#philosophy)
3172+> -- [John Gruber](https://daringfireball.net/projects/markdown/syntax#philosophy)
21143173
21153174This principle has guided pandoc's decisions in finding syntax for
21163175tables, footnotes, and other extensions.
@@ -2123,8 +3182,7 @@ it discourages it, and provides other, non-HTMLish ways of representing
21233182important document elements like definition lists, tables, mathematics, and
21243183footnotes.
21253184
2126−Paragraphs
2127−----------
3185+## Paragraphs
21283186
21293187A paragraph is one or more lines of text followed by one or more blank lines.
21303188Newlines are treated as spaces, so you can reflow your paragraphs as you like.
@@ -2137,43 +3195,42 @@ Note: in multiline and grid table cells, this is the only way
21373195to create a hard line break, since trailing spaces in the cells
21383196are ignored.
21393197
2140−Headers
2141−-------
3198+## Headings
21423199
2143−There are two kinds of headers: Setext and ATX.
3200+There are two kinds of headings: Setext and ATX.
21443201
2145−### Setext-style headers ###
3202+### Setext-style headings ###
21463203
2147−A setext-style header is a line of text "underlined" with a row of `=` signs
2148−(for a level one header) or `-` signs (for a level two header):
3204+A setext-style heading is a line of text "underlined" with a row of `=` signs
3205+(for a level-one heading) or `-` signs (for a level-two heading):
21493206
2150− A level-one header
2151− ==================
3207+ A level-one heading
3208+ ===================
21523209
2153− A level-two header
2154− ------------------
3210+ A level-two heading
3211+ -------------------
21553212
2156−The header text can contain inline formatting, such as emphasis (see
3213+The heading text can contain inline formatting, such as emphasis (see
21573214[Inline formatting], below).
21583215
21593216
2160−### ATX-style headers ###
3217+### ATX-style headings ###
21613218
2162−An ATX-style header consists of one to six `#` signs and a line of
3219+An ATX-style heading consists of one to six `#` signs and a line of
21633220text, optionally followed by any number of `#` signs. The number of
2164−`#` signs at the beginning of the line is the header level:
3221+`#` signs at the beginning of the line is the heading level:
21653222
2166− ## A level-two header
3223+ ## A level-two heading
21673224
2168− ### A level-three header ###
3225+ ### A level-three heading ###
21693226
2170−As with setext-style headers, the header text can contain formatting:
3227+As with setext-style headings, the heading text can contain formatting:
21713228
2172− # A level-one header with a [link](/url) and *emphasis*
3229+ # A level-one heading with a [link](/url) and *emphasis*
21733230
21743231#### Extension: `blank_before_header` ####
21753232
2176−Standard Markdown syntax does not require a blank line before a header.
3233+Standard Markdown syntax does not require a blank line before a heading.
21773234Pandoc does require this (except, of course, at the beginning of the
21783235document). The reason for the requirement is that it is all too easy for a
21793236`#` to end up at the beginning of a line by accident (perhaps through line
@@ -2185,29 +3242,30 @@ wrapping). Consider, for example:
21853242#### Extension: `space_in_atx_header` ####
21863243
21873244Many Markdown implementations do not require a space between the
2188−opening `#`s of an ATX header and the header text, so that
2189−`#5 bolt` and `#hashtag` count as headers. With this extension,
3245+opening `#`s of an ATX heading and the heading text, so that
3246+`#5 bolt` and `#hashtag` count as headings. With this extension,
21903247pandoc does require the space.
21913248
2192−### Header identifiers ###
3249+### Heading identifiers ###
21933250
2194−See also the [`auto_identifiers` extension](#extension-auto_identifiers) above.
3251+See also the [`auto_identifiers`
3252+extension](#extension-auto_identifiers) above.
21953253
21963254#### Extension: `header_attributes` ####
21973255
2198−Headers can be assigned attributes using this syntax at the end
2199−of the line containing the header text:
3256+Headings can be assigned attributes using this syntax at the end
3257+of the line containing the heading text:
22003258
22013259 {#identifier .class .class key=value key=value}
22023260
2203−Thus, for example, the following headers will all be assigned the identifier
3261+Thus, for example, the following headings will all be assigned the identifier
22043262`foo`:
22053263
2206− # My header {#foo}
3264+ # My heading {#foo}
22073265
2208− ## My header ## {#foo}
3266+ ## My heading ## {#foo}
22093267
2210− My other header {#foo}
3268+ My other heading {#foo}
22113269 ---------------
22123270
22133271(This syntax is compatible with [PHP Markdown Extra].)
@@ -2216,51 +3274,56 @@ Note that although this syntax allows assignment of classes and key/value
22163274attributes, writers generally don't use all of this information. Identifiers,
22173275classes, and key/value attributes are used in HTML and HTML-based formats such
22183276as EPUB and slidy. Identifiers are used for labels and link anchors in the
2219−LaTeX, ConTeXt, Textile, and AsciiDoc writers.
3277+LaTeX, ConTeXt, Textile, Jira markup, and AsciiDoc writers.
22203278
2221−Headers with the class `unnumbered` will not be numbered, even if
3279+Headings with the class `unnumbered` will not be numbered, even if
22223280`--number-sections` is specified. A single hyphen (`-`) in an attribute
22233281context is equivalent to `.unnumbered`, and preferable in non-English
22243282documents. So,
22253283
2226− # My header {-}
3284+ # My heading {-}
22273285
22283286is just the same as
22293287
2230− # My header {.unnumbered}
3288+ # My heading {.unnumbered}
3289+
3290+If the `unlisted` class is present in addition to `unnumbered`,
3291+the heading will not be included in a table of contents.
3292+(Currently this feature is only implemented for certain
3293+formats: those based on LaTeX and HTML, PowerPoint, and RTF.)
22313294
22323295#### Extension: `implicit_header_references` ####
22333296
2234−Pandoc behaves as if reference links have been defined for each header.
2235−So, to link to a header
3297+Pandoc behaves as if reference links have been defined for each heading.
3298+So, to link to a heading
22363299
2237− # Header identifiers in HTML
3300+ # Heading identifiers in HTML
22383301
22393302you can simply write
22403303
2241− [Header identifiers in HTML]
3304+ [Heading identifiers in HTML]
22423305
22433306or
22443307
2245− [Header identifiers in HTML][]
3308+ [Heading identifiers in HTML][]
22463309
22473310or
22483311
2249− [the section on header identifiers][header identifiers in
3312+ [the section on heading identifiers][heading identifiers in
22503313 HTML]
22513314
22523315instead of giving the identifier explicitly:
22533316
2254− [Header identifiers in HTML](#header-identifiers-in-html)
3317+ [Heading identifiers in HTML](#heading-identifiers-in-html)
22553318
2256−If there are multiple headers with identical text, the corresponding
3319+If there are multiple headings with identical text, the corresponding
22573320reference will link to the first one only, and you will need to use explicit
22583321links to link to the others, as described above.
22593322
22603323Like regular reference links, these references are case-insensitive.
22613324
22623325Explicit link reference definitions always take priority over
2263−implicit header references. So, in the following example, the
3326+implicit heading references. So, in the following example, the
22643327link will point to `bar`, not to `#foo`:
22653328
22663329 # Foo
@@ -2269,12 +3332,11 @@ link will point to `bar`, not to `#foo`:
22693332
22703333 See [foo]
22713334
2272−Block quotations
2273−----------------
3335+## Block quotations
22743336
22753337Markdown uses email conventions for quoting blocks of text.
22763338A block quotation is one or more paragraphs or other block elements
2277−(such as lists or headers), with each line preceded by a `>` character
3339+(such as lists or headings), with each line preceded by a `>` character
22783340and an optional space. (The `>` need not start at the left margin, but
22793341it should not be indented more than three spaces.)
22803342
@@ -2309,19 +3371,19 @@ block in a block quote, you need five spaces after the `>`:
23093371
23103372#### Extension: `blank_before_blockquote` ####
23113373
2312−Standard Markdown syntax does not require a blank line before a block
2313−quote. Pandoc does require this (except, of course, at the beginning of the
2314−document). The reason for the requirement is that it is all too easy for a
2315−`>` to end up at the beginning of a line by accident (perhaps through line
2316−wrapping). So, unless the `markdown_strict` format is used, the following does
3374+Standard Markdown syntax does not require a blank line before a
3375+block quote. Pandoc does require this (except, of course, at
3376+the beginning of the document). The reason for the requirement
3377+is that it is all too easy for a `>` to end up at the beginning
3378+of a line by accident (perhaps through line wrapping). So,
3379+unless the `markdown_strict` format is used, the following does
23173380not produce a nested block quote in pandoc:
23183381
23193382 > This is a block quote.
23203383 >> Nested.
23213384
23223385
2323−Verbatim (code) blocks
2324−----------------------
3386+## Verbatim (code) blocks
23253387
23263388### Indented code blocks ###
23273389
@@ -2383,14 +3445,16 @@ this syntax:
23833445 qsort (filter (>= x) xs)
23843446 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
23853447
2386−Here `mycode` is an identifier, `haskell` and `numberLines` are classes, and
2387−`startFrom` is an attribute with value `100`. Some output formats can use this
2388−information to do syntax highlighting. Currently, the only output formats
2389−that uses this information are HTML, LaTeX, Docx, Ms, and PowerPoint. If
2390−highlighting is supported for your output format and language, then the code
2391−block above will appear highlighted, with numbered lines. (To see which
2392−languages are supported, type `pandoc --list-highlight-languages`.) Otherwise,
2393−the code block above will appear as follows:
3448+Here `mycode` is an identifier, `haskell` and `numberLines` are
3449+classes, and `startFrom` is an attribute with value `100`. Some
3450+output formats can use this information to do syntax
3451+highlighting. Currently, the only output formats that uses this
3452+information are HTML, LaTeX, Docx, Ms, and PowerPoint. If
3453+highlighting is supported for your output format and language,
3454+then the code block above will appear highlighted, with numbered
3455+lines. (To see which languages are supported, type `pandoc
3456+--list-highlight-languages`.) Otherwise, the code block above
3457+will appear as follows:
23943458
23953459 <pre id="mycode" class="haskell numberLines" startFrom="100">
23963460 <code>
@@ -2427,8 +3491,7 @@ To set the highlighting style, use `--highlight-style`.
24273491For more information on highlighting, see [Syntax highlighting],
24283492below.
24293493
2430−Line blocks
2431−-----------
3494+## Line blocks
24323495
24333496#### Extension: `line_blocks` ####
24343497
@@ -2454,10 +3517,12 @@ line must begin with a space.
24543517 | 200 Main St.
24553518 | Berkeley, CA 94718
24563519
3520+Inline formatting (such as emphasis) is allowed in the content,
3521+but not block-level formatting (such as block quotes or lists).
3522+
24573523This syntax is borrowed from [reStructuredText].
24583524
2459−Lists
2460−-----
3525+## Lists
24613526
24623527### Bullet lists ###
24633528
@@ -2658,11 +3723,12 @@ a blank line, and must be followed by one or more definitions.
26583723A definition begins with a colon or tilde, which may be indented one
26593724or two spaces.
26603725
2661−A term may have multiple definitions, and each definition may consist of one or
2662−more block elements (paragraph, code block, list, etc.), each indented four
2663−spaces or one tab stop. The body of the definition (including the first line,
2664−aside from the colon or tilde) should be indented four spaces. However,
2665−as with other Markdown lists, you can "lazily" omit indentation except
3726+A term may have multiple definitions, and each definition may
3727+consist of one or more block elements (paragraph, code block,
3728+list, etc.), each indented four spaces or one tab stop. The
3729+body of the definition (including the first line, aside from the
3730+colon or tilde) should be indented four spaces. However, as with
3731+other Markdown lists, you can "lazily" omit indentation except
26663732at the beginning of a paragraph or other block element:
26673733
26683734 Term 1
@@ -2688,9 +3754,10 @@ definition:
26883754Note that space between items in a definition list is required.
26893755(A variant that loosens this requirement, but disallows "lazy"
26903756hard wrapping, can be activated with `compact_definition_lists`: see
2691−[Non-pandoc extensions], below.)
3757+[Non-default extensions], below.)
26923758
2693−[^3]: I have been influenced by the suggestions of [David Wheeler](http://www.justatheory.com/computers/markup/modest-markdown-proposal.html).
3759+[^3]: I have been influenced by the suggestions of [David
3760+ Wheeler](https://justatheory.com/2009/02/modest-markdown-proposal/).
26943761
26953762### Numbered example lists ###
26963763
@@ -2726,30 +3793,6 @@ list marker. That is, example lists always behave as if the
27263793labels tend to be long, and indenting content to the
27273794first non-space character after the label would be awkward.
27283795
2729−### Compact and loose lists ###
2730−
2731−Pandoc behaves differently from `Markdown.pl` on some "edge
2732−cases" involving lists. Consider this source:
2733−
2734− + First
2735− + Second:
2736− - Fee
2737− - Fie
2738− - Foe
2739−
2740− + Third
2741−
2742−Pandoc transforms this into a "compact list" (with no `<p>` tags around
2743−"First", "Second", or "Third"), while Markdown puts `<p>` tags around
2744−"Second" and "Third" (but not "First"), because of the blank space
2745−around "Third". Pandoc follows a simple rule: if the text is followed by
2746−a blank line, it is treated as a paragraph. Since "Second" is followed
2747−by a list, and not a blank line, it isn't treated as a paragraph. The
2748−fact that the list is followed by a blank line is irrelevant. (Note:
2749−Pandoc works this way even when the `markdown_strict` format is specified. This
2750−behavior is consistent with the official Markdown syntax description,
2751−even though it is different from that of `Markdown.pl`.)
2752−
27533796
27543797### Ending a list ###
27553798
@@ -2788,8 +3831,7 @@ of one big list:
27883831 2. dos
27893832 3. tres
27903833
2791−Horizontal rules
2792−----------------
3834+## Horizontal rules
27933835
27943836A line containing a row of three or more `*`, `-`, or `_` characters
27953837(optionally separated by spaces) produces a horizontal rule:
@@ -2799,8 +3841,7 @@ A line containing a row of three or more `*`, `-`, or `_` characters
27993841 ---------------
28003842
28013843
2802−Tables
2803−------
3844+## Tables
28043845
28053846Four kinds of tables may be used. The first three kinds presuppose the use of
28063847a fixed-width font, such as Courier. The fourth kind can be used with
@@ -2825,7 +3866,7 @@ Simple tables look like this:
28253866
28263867 Table: Demonstration of simple table syntax.
28273868
2828−The headers and table rows must each fit on one line. Column
3869+The header and table rows must each fit on one line. Column
28293870alignments are determined by the position of the header text relative
28303871to the dashed line below it:[^4]
28313872
@@ -2844,7 +3885,7 @@ to the dashed line below it:[^4]
28443885The table must end with a blank line, or a line of dashes followed by
28453886a blank line.
28463887
2847−The column headers may be omitted, provided a dashed line is used
3888+The column header row may be omitted, provided a dashed line is used
28483889to end the table. For example:
28493890
28503891 ------- ------ ---------- -------
@@ -2853,13 +3894,13 @@ to end the table. For example:
28533894 1 1 1 1
28543895 ------- ------ ---------- -------
28553896
2856−When headers are omitted, column alignments are determined on the basis
3897+When the header row is omitted, column alignments are determined on the basis
28573898of the first line of the table body. So, in the tables above, the columns
28583899would be right, left, center, and right aligned, respectively.
28593900
28603901#### Extension: `multiline_tables` ####
28613902
2862−Multiline tables allow headers and table rows to span multiple lines
3903+Multiline tables allow header and table rows to span multiple lines
28633904of text (but cells that span multiple columns or rows of the table are
28643905not supported). Here is an example:
28653906
@@ -2881,7 +3922,7 @@ not supported). Here is an example:
28813922These work like simple tables, but with the following differences:
28823923
28833924 - They must begin with a row of dashes, before the header text
2884− (unless the headers are omitted).
3925+ (unless the header row is omitted).
28853926 - They must end with a row of dashes, then a blank line.
28863927 - The rows must be separated by blank lines.
28873928
@@ -2890,7 +3931,7 @@ the columns, and the writers try to reproduce these relative widths in
28903931the output. So, if you find that one of the columns is too narrow in the
28913932output, try widening it in the Markdown source.
28923933
2893−Headers may be omitted in multiline tables as well as simple tables:
3934+The header may be omitted in multiline tables as well as simple tables:
28943935
28953936 ----------- ------- --------------- -------------------------
28963937 First row 12.0 Example of a row that
@@ -2901,7 +3942,7 @@ Headers may be omitted in multiline tables as well as simple tables:
29013942 rows.
29023943 ----------- ------- --------------- -------------------------
29033944
2904− : Here's a multiline table without headers.
3945+ : Here's a multiline table without a header.
29053946
29063947It is possible for a multiline table to have just one row, but the row
29073948should be followed by a blank line (and then the row of dashes that ends
@@ -2927,9 +3968,8 @@ The row of `=`s separates the header from the table body, and can be
29273968omitted for a headerless table. The cells of grid tables may contain
29283969arbitrary block elements (multiple paragraphs, code blocks, lists,
29293970etc.). Cells that span multiple columns or rows are not
2930−supported. Grid tables can be created easily using [Emacs table mode].
2931−
2932−[Emacs table mode]: http://table.sourceforge.net/
3971+supported. Grid tables can be created easily using Emacs' table-mode
3972+(`M-x table-insert`).
29333973
29343974Alignments can be specified as with pipe tables, by putting
29353975colons at the boundaries of the separator line after the
@@ -2957,7 +3997,7 @@ and the same number of rows in each column. For example, the
29573997Docutils [sample grid tables] will not render as expected with
29583998Pandoc.
29593999
2960−[sample grid tables]: http://docutils.sourceforge.net/docs/ref/rst/restructuredtext.html#grid-tables
4000+[sample grid tables]: https://docutils.sourceforge.io/docs/ref/rst/restructuredtext.html#grid-tables
29614001
29624002
29634003#### Extension: `pipe_tables` ####
@@ -2990,7 +4030,7 @@ legal (though ugly) pipe table:
29904030
29914031The cells of pipe tables cannot contain block elements like paragraphs
29924032and lists, and cannot span multiple lines. If a pipe table contains a
2993−row whose printable content is wider than the column width (see
4033+row whose Markdown content is wider than the column width (see
29944034`--columns`), then the table will take up the full text width and
29954035the cell contents will wrap, with the relative cell widths determined
29964036by the number of dashes in the line separating the table header from
@@ -3014,8 +4054,7 @@ you'll need to add colons as above.
30144054
30154055[PHP Markdown Extra tables]: https://michelf.ca/projects/php-markdown/extra/#table
30164056
3017−Metadata blocks
3018−---------------
4057+## Metadata blocks
30194058
30204059#### Extension: `pandoc_title_block` ####
30214060
@@ -3031,30 +4070,42 @@ output.) The block may contain just a title, a title and an author,
30314070or all three elements. If you want to include an author but no
30324071title, or a title and a date but no author, you need a blank line:
30334072
3034− %
3035− % Author
4073+```
4074+%
4075+% Author
4076+```
30364077
3037− % My title
3038− %
3039− % June 15, 2006
4078+```
4079+% My title
4080+%
4081+% June 15, 2006
4082+```
30404083
30414084The title may occupy multiple lines, but continuation lines must
30424085begin with leading space, thus:
30434086
3044− % My title
3045− on multiple lines
4087+```
4088+% My title
4089+ on multiple lines
4090+```
30464091
30474092If a document has multiple authors, the authors may be put on
30484093separate lines with leading space, or separated by semicolons, or
30494094both. So, all of the following are equivalent:
30504095
3051− % Author One
3052− Author Two
4096+```
4097+% Author One
4098+ Author Two
4099+```
30534100
3054− % Author One; Author Two
4101+```
4102+% Author One; Author Two
4103+```
30554104
3056− % Author One;
3057− Author Two
4105+```
4106+% Author One;
4107+ Author Two
4108+```
30584109
30594110The date must fit on one line.
30604111
@@ -3095,7 +4146,7 @@ will also have "Version 4.0" in the header.
30954146
30964147#### Extension: `yaml_metadata_block` ####
30974148
3098−A YAML metadata block is a valid YAML object, delimited by a line of three
4149+A [YAML] metadata block is a valid YAML object, delimited by a line of three
30994150hyphens (`---`) at the top and a line of three hyphens (`---`) or three dots
31004151(`...`) at the bottom. A YAML metadata block may occur anywhere in the
31014152document, but if it is not at the beginning, it must be preceded by a blank
@@ -3118,20 +4169,22 @@ given a role by external processors.) Field names must not be
31184169interpretable as YAML numbers or boolean values (so, for
31194170example, `yes`, `True`, and `15` cannot be used as field names).
31204171
3121−A document may contain multiple metadata blocks. The metadata fields will
3122−be combined through a *left-biased union*: if two metadata blocks attempt
3123−to set the same field, the value from the first block will be taken.
4172+A document may contain multiple metadata blocks. If two
4173+metadata blocks attempt to set the same field, the value from
4174+the second block will be taken.
31244175
31254176When pandoc is used with `-t markdown` to create a Markdown document,
31264177a YAML metadata block will be produced only if the `-s/--standalone`
31274178option is used. All of the metadata will appear in a single block
31284179at the beginning of the document.
31294180
3130−Note that YAML escaping rules must be followed. Thus, for example,
3131−if a title contains a colon, it must be quoted. The pipe character
3132−(`|`) can be used to begin an indented block that will be interpreted
3133−literally, without need for escaping. This form is necessary
3134−when the field contains blank lines or block-level formatting:
4181+Note that [YAML] escaping rules must be followed. Thus, for example,
4182+if a title contains a colon, it must be quoted, and if it contains a
4183+backslash escape, then it must be ensured that it is not treated as a
4184+[YAML escape sequence]. The pipe character (`|`) can be used to begin
4185+an indented block that will be interpreted literally, without need for
4186+escaping. This form is necessary when the field contains blank lines
4187+or block-level formatting:
31354188
31364189 ---
31374190 title: 'This is the title: it contains a colon'
@@ -3145,6 +4198,12 @@ when the field contains blank lines or block-level formatting:
31454198 It consists of two paragraphs.
31464199 ...
31474200
4201+The literal block after the `|` must be indented relative to the
4202+line containing the `|`. If it is not, the YAML will be invalid
4203+and pandoc will not interpret it as metadata. For an overview
4204+of the complex rules governing YAML, see the [Wikipedia entry on
4205+YAML syntax].
4206+
31484207Template variables will be set automatically from the metadata. Thus, for
31494208example, in writing HTML, the variable `abstract` will be set to the HTML
31504209equivalent of the Markdown in the `abstract` field:
@@ -3191,8 +4250,25 @@ will be interpreted as markdown. For example:
31914250 \renewcommand{\section}[1]{\clearpage\oldsection{#1}}
31924251 ```
31934252
3194−Backslash escapes
3195−-----------------
4253+Note: the `yaml_metadata_block` extension works with
4254+`commonmark` as well as `markdown` (and it is enabled by default
4255+in `gfm` and `commonmark_x`). However, in these formats the
4256+following restrictions apply:
4257+
4258+- The YAML metadata block must occur at the beginning of the
4259+ document (and there can be only one). If multiple files are
4260+ given as arguments to pandoc, only the first can be a YAML
4261+ metadata block.
4262+
4263+- The leaf nodes of the YAML structure are parsed in isolation from
4264+ each other and from the rest of the document. So, for
4265+ example, you can't use a reference link in these contexts
4266+ if the link definition is somewhere else in the document.
4267+
4268+[YAML escape sequence]: https://yaml.org/spec/1.2/spec.html#id2776092
4269+[Wikipedia entry on YAML syntax]: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/YAML#Syntax
4270+
4271+## Backslash escapes
31964272
31974273#### Extension: `all_symbols_escapable` ####
31984274
@@ -3218,9 +4294,12 @@ which allows only the following characters to be backslash-escaped:
32184294(However, if the `markdown_strict` format is used, the standard Markdown rule
32194295will be used.)
32204296
3221−A backslash-escaped space is parsed as a nonbreaking space. It will
3222−appear in TeX output as `~` and in HTML and XML as `\ ` or
3223−`\ `.
4297+A backslash-escaped space is parsed as a nonbreaking space. In TeX output,
4298+it will appear as `~`. In HTML and XML output, it will appear as a
4299+literal unicode nonbreaking space character (note that it will thus
4300+actually look "invisible" in the generated HTML source; you can still
4301+use the `--ascii` command-line option to make it appear as an explicit
4302+entity).
32244303
32254304A backslash-escaped newline (i.e. a backslash occurring at the end of
32264305a line) is parsed as a hard line break. It will appear in TeX output as
@@ -3230,8 +4309,7 @@ two trailing spaces on a line.
32304309
32314310Backslash escapes do not work in verbatim contexts.
32324311
3233−Inline formatting
3234−-----------------
4312+## Inline formatting
32354313
32364314### Emphasis ###
32374315
@@ -3279,12 +4357,13 @@ text by `~` characters. Thus, for example,
32794357
32804358 H~2~O is a liquid. 2^10^ is 1024.
32814359
3282−If the superscripted or subscripted text contains spaces, these spaces
3283−must be escaped with backslashes. (This is to prevent accidental
3284−superscripting and subscripting through the ordinary use of `~` and `^`.)
3285−Thus, if you want the letter P with 'a cat' in subscripts, use
3286−`P~a\ cat~`, not `P~a cat~`.
3287−
4360+The text between `^...^` or `~...~` may not contain spaces or
4361+newlines. If the superscripted or subscripted text contains
4362+spaces, these spaces must be escaped with backslashes. (This is
4363+to prevent accidental superscripting and subscripting through
4364+the ordinary use of `~` and `^`, and also bad interactions with
4365+footnotes.) Thus, if you want the letter P with 'a cat' in
4366+subscripts, use `P~a\ cat~`, not `P~a cat~`.
32884367
32894368### Verbatim ###
32904369
@@ -3333,8 +4412,7 @@ For compatibility with other Markdown flavors, CSS is also supported:
33334412This will work in all output formats that support small caps.
33344413
33354414
3336−Math
3337−----
4415+## Math
33384416
33394417#### Extension: `tex_math_dollars` ####
33404418
@@ -3346,6 +4424,10 @@ left, and must not be followed immediately by a digit. Thus,
33464424you need to enclose text in literal `$` characters, backslash-escape
33474425them and they won't be treated as math delimiters.
33484426
4427+For display math, use `$$` delimiters. (In this case, the delimiters
4428+may be separated from the formula by whitespace. However, there can be
4429+no blank lines betwen the opening and closing `$$` delimiters.)
4430+
33494431TeX math will be printed in all output formats. How it is rendered
33504432depends on the output format:
33514433
@@ -3357,16 +4439,23 @@ Markdown, Emacs Org mode, ConTeXt, ZimWiki
33574439 ~ It will appear verbatim surrounded by `$...$` (for inline
33584440 math) or `$$...$$` (for display math).
33594441
4442+XWiki
4443+ ~ It will appear verbatim surrounded by `{{formula}}..{{/formula}}`.
4444+
33604445reStructuredText
33614446 ~ It will be rendered using an [interpreted text role `:math:`].
33624447
33634448AsciiDoc
3364− ~ It will be rendered as `latexmath:[...]`.
4449+ ~ For AsciiDoc output format (`-t asciidoc`) it will appear verbatim
4450+ surrounded by `latexmath:[$...$]` (for inline math) or
4451+ `[latexmath]++++\[...\]+++` (for display math).
4452+ For AsciiDoctor output format (`-t asciidoctor`) the LaTex delimiters
4453+ (`$..$` and `\[..\]`) are omitted.
33654454
33664455Texinfo
33674456 ~ It will be rendered inside a `@math` command.
33684457
3369−roff man
4458+roff man, Jira markup
33704459 ~ It will be rendered verbatim without `$`'s.
33714460
33724461MediaWiki, DokuWiki
@@ -3400,10 +4489,9 @@ HTML, Slidy, DZSlides, S5, EPUB
34004489 command-line options selected. Therefore see [Math rendering in HTML]
34014490 above.
34024491
3403−[interpreted text role `:math:`]: http://docutils.sourceforge.net/docs/ref/rst/roles.html#math
4492+[interpreted text role `:math:`]: https://docutils.sourceforge.io/docs/ref/rst/roles.html#math
34044493
3405−Raw HTML
3406−--------
4494+## Raw HTML
34074495
34084496#### Extension: `raw_html` ####
34094497
@@ -3417,6 +4505,9 @@ The raw HTML is passed through unchanged in HTML, S5, Slidy, Slideous,
34174505DZSlides, EPUB, Markdown, CommonMark, Emacs Org mode, and Textile
34184506output, and suppressed in other formats.
34194507
4508+For a more explicit way of including raw HTML in a Markdown
4509+document, see the [`raw_attribute` extension][Extension: `raw_attribute`].
4510+
34204511In the CommonMark format, if `raw_html` is enabled, superscripts,
34214512subscripts, strikeouts and small capitals will be represented as HTML.
34224513Otherwise, plain-text fallbacks will be used. Note that even if
@@ -3438,7 +4529,7 @@ Thus, for example, pandoc will turn
34384529 <table>
34394530 <tr>
34404531 <td>*one*</td>
3441− <td>[a link](http://google.com)</td>
4532+ <td>[a link](https://google.com)</td>
34424533 </tr>
34434534 </table>
34444535
@@ -3447,14 +4538,14 @@ into
34474538 <table>
34484539 <tr>
34494540 <td><em>one</em></td>
3450− <td><a href="http://google.com">a link</a></td>
4541+ <td><a href="https://google.com">a link</a></td>
34514542 </tr>
34524543 </table>
34534544
34544545whereas `Markdown.pl` will preserve it as is.
34554546
3456−There is one exception to this rule: text between `<script>` and
3457−`<style>` tags is not interpreted as Markdown.
4547+There is one exception to this rule: text between `<script>`,
4548+`<style>`, and `<textarea>` tags is not interpreted as Markdown.
34584549
34594550This departure from standard Markdown should make it easier to mix
34604551Markdown with HTML block elements. For example, one can surround
@@ -3496,6 +4587,10 @@ Note that in LaTeX environments, like
34964587the material between the begin and end tags will be interpreted as raw
34974588LaTeX, not as Markdown.
34984589
4590+For a more explicit and flexible way of including raw TeX in a
4591+Markdown document, see the [`raw_attribute`
4592+extension][Extension: `raw_attribute`].
4593+
34994594Inline LaTeX is ignored in output formats other than Markdown, LaTeX,
35004595Emacs Org mode, and ConTeXt.
35014596
@@ -3542,8 +4637,7 @@ example, to use a raw attribute with a backtick code block,
35424637
35434638The raw attribute cannot be combined with regular attributes.
35444639
3545−LaTeX macros
3546−------------
4640+## LaTeX macros
35474641
35484642#### Extension: `latex_macros` ####
35494643
@@ -3557,18 +4651,20 @@ all output formats, not just LaTeX:
35574651 $\tuple{a, b, c}$
35584652
35594653Note that LaTeX macros will not be applied if they occur
3560−inside inside a raw span or block marked with the
4654+inside a raw span or block marked with the
35614655[`raw_attribute` extension](#extension-raw_attribute).
35624656
35634657When `latex_macros` is disabled, the raw LaTeX and math will
35644658not have macros applied. This is usually a better approach when
35654659you are targeting LaTeX or PDF.
35664660
3567−Whether or not `latex_macros` is enabled, the macro definitions
3568−will still be passed through as raw LaTeX.
4661+Macro definitions in LaTeX will be passed through as raw LaTeX
4662+only if `latex_macros` is not enabled. Macro definitions in
4663+Markdown source (or other formats allowing `raw_tex`) will
4664+be passed through regardless of whether `latex_macros` is
4665+enabled.
35694666
3570−Links
3571−-----
4667+## Links
35724668
35734669Markdown allows links to be specified in several ways.
35744670
@@ -3577,7 +4673,7 @@ Markdown allows links to be specified in several ways.
35774673If you enclose a URL or email address in pointy brackets, it
35784674will become a link:
35794675
3580− <http://google.com>
4676+ <https://google.com>
35814677 <sam@green.eggs.ham>
35824678
35834679### Inline links ###
@@ -3587,7 +4683,7 @@ followed by the URL in parentheses. (Optionally, the URL can
35874683be followed by a link title, in quotes.)
35884684
35894685 This is an [inline link](/url), and here's [one with
3590− a title](http://fsf.org "click here for a good time!").
4686+ a title](https://fsf.org "click here for a good time!").
35914687
35924688There can be no space between the bracketed part and the parenthesized part.
35934689The link text can contain formatting (such as emphasis), but the title cannot.
@@ -3616,7 +4712,7 @@ Here are some examples:
36164712
36174713 [my label 1]: /foo/bar.html "My title, optional"
36184714 [my label 2]: /foo
3619− [my label 3]: http://fsf.org (The free software foundation)
4715+ [my label 3]: https://fsf.org (The free software foundation)
36204716 [my label 4]: /bar#special 'A title in single quotes'
36214717
36224718The URL may optionally be surrounded by angle brackets:
@@ -3625,7 +4721,7 @@ The URL may optionally be surrounded by angle brackets:
36254721
36264722The title may go on the next line:
36274723
3628− [my label 3]: http://fsf.org
4724+ [my label 3]: https://fsf.org
36294725 "The free software foundation"
36304726
36314727Note that link labels are not case sensitive. So, this will work:
@@ -3663,7 +4759,7 @@ be omitted entirely:
36634759### Internal links ###
36644760
36654761To link to another section of the same document, use the automatically
3666−generated identifier (see [Header identifiers]). For example:
4762+generated identifier (see [Heading identifiers]). For example:
36674763
36684764 See the [Introduction](#introduction).
36694765
@@ -3676,8 +4772,7 @@ or
36764772Internal links are currently supported for HTML formats (including
36774773HTML slide shows and EPUB), LaTeX, and ConTeXt.
36784774
3679−Images
3680−------
4775+## Images
36814776
36824777A link immediately preceded by a `!` will be treated as an image.
36834778The link text will be used as the image's alt text:
@@ -3701,206 +4796,561 @@ formats (e.g. RTF) do not yet support figures. In those
37014796formats, you'll just get an image in a paragraph by itself, with
37024797no caption.
37034798
3704−If you just want a regular inline image, just make sure it is not
3705−the only thing in the paragraph. One way to do this is to insert a
3706−nonbreaking space after the image:
4799+If you just want a regular inline image, just make sure it is not
4800+the only thing in the paragraph. One way to do this is to insert a
4801+nonbreaking space after the image:
4802+
4803+ \
4804+
4805+Note that in reveal.js slide shows, an image in a paragraph
4806+by itself that has the `stretch` class will fill the screen,
4807+and the caption and figure tags will be omitted.
4808+
4809+#### Extension: `link_attributes` ####
4810+
4811+Attributes can be set on links and images:
4812+
4813+ An inline {#id .class width=30 height=20px}
4814+ and a reference ![image][ref] with attributes.
4815+
4816+ [ref]: foo.jpg "optional title" {#id .class key=val key2="val 2"}
4817+
4818+(This syntax is compatible with [PHP Markdown Extra] when only `#id`
4819+and `.class` are used.)
4820+
4821+For HTML and EPUB, all known HTML5 attributes except `width` and
4822+`height` (but including `srcset` and `sizes`) are passed through
4823+as is. Unknown attributes are passed through as custom
4824+attributes, with `data-` prepended. The other writers ignore
4825+attributes that are not specifically supported by their output format.
4826+
4827+The `width` and `height` attributes on images are treated specially. When
4828+used without a unit, the unit is assumed to be pixels. However, any of
4829+the following unit identifiers can be used: `px`, `cm`, `mm`, `in`, `inch`
4830+and `%`. There must not be any spaces between the number and the unit.
4831+For example:
4832+
4833+```
4834+{ width=50% }
4835+```
4836+
4837+- Dimensions may be converted to a form that is compatible with
4838+ the output format (for example, dimensions given in pixels will
4839+ be converted to inches when converting HTML to LaTeX). Conversion
4840+ between pixels and physical measurements is affected by the
4841+ `--dpi` option (by default, 96 dpi is assumed, unless the image
4842+ itself contains dpi information).
4843+- The `%` unit is generally relative to some available space.
4844+ For example the above example will render to the following.
4845+ - HTML: `<img href="file.jpg" style="width: 50%;" />`
4846+ - LaTeX: `\includegraphics[width=0.5\textwidth,height=\textheight]{file.jpg}`
4847+ (If you're using a custom template, you need to configure `graphicx`
4848+ as in the default template.)
4849+ - ConTeXt: `\externalfigure[file.jpg][width=0.5\textwidth]`
4850+- Some output formats have a notion of a class
4851+ ([ConTeXt](https://wiki.contextgarden.net/Using_Graphics#Multiple_Image_Settings))
4852+ or a unique identifier (LaTeX `\caption`), or both (HTML).
4853+- When no `width` or `height` attributes are specified, the fallback
4854+ is to look at the image resolution and the dpi metadata embedded in
4855+ the image file.
4856+
4857+## Divs and Spans
4858+
4859+Using the `native_divs` and `native_spans` extensions
4860+(see [above][Extension: `native_divs`]), HTML syntax can
4861+be used as part of markdown to create native `Div` and `Span`
4862+elements in the pandoc AST (as opposed to raw HTML).
4863+However, there is also nicer syntax available:
4864+
4865+#### Extension: `fenced_divs` ####
4866+
4867+Allow special fenced syntax for native `Div` blocks. A Div
4868+starts with a fence containing at least three consecutive
4869+colons plus some attributes. The attributes may optionally
4870+be followed by another string of consecutive colons.
4871+The attribute syntax is exactly as in fenced code blocks (see
4872+[Extension: `fenced_code_attributes`]). As with fenced
4873+code blocks, one can use either attributes in curly braces
4874+or a single unbraced word, which will be treated as a class
4875+name. The Div ends with another line containing a string of at
4876+least three consecutive colons. The fenced Div should be
4877+separated by blank lines from preceding and following blocks.
4878+
4879+Example:
4880+
4881+ ::::: {#special .sidebar}
4882+ Here is a paragraph.
4883+
4884+ And another.
4885+ :::::
4886+
4887+Fenced divs can be nested. Opening fences are distinguished
4888+because they *must* have attributes:
4889+
4890+ ::: Warning ::::::
4891+ This is a warning.
4892+
4893+ ::: Danger
4894+ This is a warning within a warning.
4895+ :::
4896+ ::::::::::::::::::
4897+
4898+Fences without attributes are always closing fences. Unlike
4899+with fenced code blocks, the number of colons in the closing
4900+fence need not match the number in the opening fence. However,
4901+it can be helpful for visual clarity to use fences of different
4902+lengths to distinguish nested divs from their parents.
4903+
4904+
4905+#### Extension: `bracketed_spans` ####
4906+
4907+A bracketed sequence of inlines, as one would use to begin
4908+a link, will be treated as a `Span` with attributes if it is
4909+followed immediately by attributes:
4910+
4911+ [This is *some text*]{.class key="val"}
4912+
4913+## Footnotes
4914+
4915+#### Extension: `footnotes` ####
4916+
4917+Pandoc's Markdown allows footnotes, using the following syntax:
4918+
4919+ Here is a footnote reference,[^1] and another.[^longnote]
4920+
4921+ [^1]: Here is the footnote.
4922+
4923+ [^longnote]: Here's one with multiple blocks.
4924+
4925+ Subsequent paragraphs are indented to show that they
4926+ belong to the previous footnote.
4927+
4928+ { some.code }
4929+
4930+ The whole paragraph can be indented, or just the first
4931+ line. In this way, multi-paragraph footnotes work like
4932+ multi-paragraph list items.
4933+
4934+ This paragraph won't be part of the note, because it
4935+ isn't indented.
4936+
4937+The identifiers in footnote references may not contain spaces, tabs,
4938+or newlines. These identifiers are used only to correlate the
4939+footnote reference with the note itself; in the output, footnotes
4940+will be numbered sequentially.
4941+
4942+The footnotes themselves need not be placed at the end of the
4943+document. They may appear anywhere except inside other block elements
4944+(lists, block quotes, tables, etc.). Each footnote should be
4945+separated from surrounding content (including other footnotes)
4946+by blank lines.
4947+
4948+#### Extension: `inline_notes` ####
4949+
4950+Inline footnotes are also allowed (though, unlike regular notes,
4951+they cannot contain multiple paragraphs). The syntax is as follows:
4952+
4953+ Here is an inline note.^[Inlines notes are easier to write, since
4954+ you don't have to pick an identifier and move down to type the
4955+ note.]
4956+
4957+Inline and regular footnotes may be mixed freely.
4958+
4959+## Citation syntax
4960+
4961+#### Extension: `citations` ####
4962+
4963+To cite a bibliographic item with an identifier foo, use the
4964+syntax `@foo`. Normal citations should be included in square
4965+brackets, with semicolons separating distinct items:
4966+
4967+ Blah blah [@doe99; @smith2000; @smith2004].
4968+
4969+How this is rendered depends on the citation style. In an
4970+author-date style, it might render as
4971+
4972+ Blah blah (Doe 1999, Smith 2000, 2004).
4973+
4974+In a footnote style, it might render as
4975+
4976+ Blah blah.[^1]
4977+
4978+ [^1]: John Doe, "Frogs," *Journal of Amphibians* 44 (1999);
4979+ Susan Smith, "Flies," *Journal of Insects* (2000);
4980+ Susan Smith, "Bees," *Journal of Insects* (2004).
4981+
4982+See the [CSL user documentation] for more information about CSL
4983+styles and how they affect rendering.
4984+
4985+Unless a citation key start with a letter, digit, or `_`,
4986+and contains only alphanumerics and internal punctuation
4987+characters (`:.#$%&-+?<>~/`), it must be surrounded
4988+by curly braces, which are not considered part of the key.
4989+In `@Foo_bar.baz.`, the key is `Foo_bar.baz`. The final
4990+period is not *internal* punctuation, so it is not included in
4991+the key. In `@{Foo_bar.baz.}`, the key is `Foo_bar.baz.`, including
4992+the final period. The curly braces are recommended if you use URLs as
4993+keys: `[@{https://example.com/bib?name=foobar&date=2000}, p. 33]`.
4994+
4995+Citation items may optionally include a prefix, a locator, and
4996+a suffix. In
4997+
4998+ Blah blah [see @doe99, pp. 33-35 and *passim*; @smith04, chap. 1].
4999+
5000+The first item (`doe99`) has prefix `see `, locator `pp. 33-35`,
5001+and suffix `and *passim*`. The second item (`smith04`) has
5002+locator `chap. 1` and no prefix or suffix.
5003+
5004+Pandoc uses some heuristics to separate the locator from the
5005+rest of the subject. It is sensitive to the locator terms
5006+defined in the [CSL locale files]. Either abbreviated or
5007+unabbreviated forms are accepted. In the `en-US` locale, locator
5008+terms can be written in either singular or plural forms, as
5009+`book`, `bk.`/`bks.`; `chapter`, `chap.`/`chaps.`; `column`,
5010+`col.`/`cols.`; `figure`, `fig.`/`figs.`; `folio`,
5011+`fol.`/`fols.`; `number`, `no.`/`nos.`; `line`, `l.`/`ll.`;
5012+`note`, `n.`/`nn.`; `opus`, `op.`/`opp.`; `page`, `p.`/`pp.`;
5013+`paragraph`, `para.`/`paras.`; `part`, `pt.`/`pts.`; `section`,
5014+`sec.`/`secs.`; `sub verbo`, `s.v.`/`s.vv.`; `verse`,
5015+`v.`/`vv.`; `volume`, `vol.`/`vols.`; `¶`/`¶¶`; `§`/`§§`. If no
5016+locator term is used, "page" is assumed.
5017+
5018+In complex cases, you can force something to be treated as
5019+a locator by enclosing it in curly braces or prevent parsing
5020+the suffix as locator by prepending curly braces:
5021+
5022+ [@smith{ii, A, D-Z}, with a suffix]
5023+ [@smith, {pp. iv, vi-xi, (xv)-(xvii)} with suffix here]
5024+ [@smith{}, 99 years later]
5025+
5026+A minus sign (`-`) before the `@` will suppress mention of
5027+the author in the citation. This can be useful when the
5028+author is already mentioned in the text:
5029+
5030+ Smith says blah [-@smith04].
5031+
5032+You can also write an author-in-text citation, by omitting the
5033+square brackets:
5034+
5035+ @smith04 says blah.
5036+
5037+ @smith04 [p. 33] says blah.
5038+
5039+This will cause the author's name to be rendered, followed by
5040+the bibliographical details. Use this form when you want to
5041+make the citation the subject of a sentence.
5042+
5043+When you are using a note style, it is usually better to let
5044+citeproc create the footnotes from citations rather than writing
5045+an explicit note. If you do write an explicit note that
5046+contains a citation, note that normal citations will be put in
5047+parentheses, while author-in-text citations will not. For
5048+this reason, it is sometimes preferable to use the
5049+author-in-text style inside notes when using a note style.
5050+
5051+[CSL user documentation]: https://citationstyles.org/authors/
5052+[CSL]: https://docs.citationstyles.org/en/stable/specification.html
5053+[CSL markup specs]: https://docs.citationstyles.org/en/1.0/release-notes.html#rich-text-markup-within-fields
5054+[Chicago Manual of Style]: https://chicagomanualofstyle.org
5055+[Citation Style Language]: https://citationstyles.org
5056+[Zotero Style Repository]: https://www.zotero.org/styles
5057+[finding and editing styles]: https://citationstyles.org/authors/
5058+[CSL locale files]: https://github.com/citation-style-language/locales
5059+
5060+## Non-default extensions
5061+
5062+The following Markdown syntax extensions are not enabled by default
5063+in pandoc, but may be enabled by adding `+EXTENSION` to the format
5064+name, where `EXTENSION` is the name of the extension. Thus, for
5065+example, `markdown+hard_line_breaks` is Markdown with hard line breaks.
5066+
5067+#### Extension: `rebase_relative_paths` ####
5068+
5069+Rewrite relative paths for Markdown links and images, depending
5070+on the path of the file containing the link or image link. For
5071+each link or image, pandoc will compute the directory of the
5072+containing file, relative to the working directory, and prepend
5073+the resulting path to the link or image path.
5074+
5075+The use of this extension is best understood by example.
5076+Suppose you have a a subdirectory for each chapter of a book,
5077+`chap1`, `chap2`, `chap3`. Each contains a file `text.md` and a
5078+number of images used in the chapter. You would like to have
5079+`` in `chap1/text.md` refer to
5080+`chap1/spider.jpg` and `` in `chap2/text.md`
5081+refer to `chap2/spider.jpg`. To do this, use
5082+
5083+ pandoc chap*/*.md -f markdown+rebase_relative_paths
5084+
5085+Without this extension, you would have to use
5086+`` in `chap1/text.md` and
5087+`` in `chap2/text.md`. Links with
5088+relative paths will be rewritten in the same way as images.
5089+
5090+Absolute paths and URLs are not changed. Neither are empty
5091+paths or paths consisting entirely of a fragment, e.g., `#foo`.
5092+
5093+Note that relative paths in reference links and images will
5094+be rewritten relative to the file containing the link
5095+reference definition, not the file containing the reference link
5096+or image itself, if these differ.
5097+
5098+#### Extension: `attributes` ####
5099+
5100+Allows attributes to be attached to any inline or block-level
5101+element. The syntax for the attributes is the same as that
5102+used in [`header_attributes`][Extension: `header_attributes`].
5103+
5104+- Attributes that occur immediately after an inline
5105+ element affect that element. If they follow a space, then they
5106+ belong to the space. (Hence, this option subsumes
5107+ `inline_code_attributes` and `link_attributes`.)
5108+- Attributes that occur immediately before a block
5109+ element, on a line by themselves, affect that
5110+ element.
5111+- Consecutive attribute specifiers may be used,
5112+ either for blocks or for inlines. Their attributes
5113+ will be combined.
5114+- Attributes that occur at the end of the text of
5115+ a Setext or ATX heading (separated by whitespace
5116+ from the text) affect the heading element. (Hence, this
5117+ option subsumes `header_attributes`.)
5118+- Attributes that occur after the opening fence
5119+ in a fenced code block affect the code block element. (Hence,
5120+ this option subsumes `fenced_code_attributes`.)
5121+- Attributes that occur at the end of a reference
5122+ link definition affect links that refer to that
5123+ definition.
5124+
5125+Note that pandoc's AST does not currently allow attributes
5126+to be attached to arbitrary elements. Hence a Span or Div
5127+container will be added if needed.
5128+
5129+#### Extension: `old_dashes` ####
5130+
5131+Selects the pandoc <= 1.8.2.1 behavior for parsing smart dashes:
5132+`-` before a numeral is an en-dash, and `--` is an em-dash.
5133+This option only has an effect if `smart` is enabled. It is
5134+selected automatically for `textile` input.
5135+
5136+#### Extension: `angle_brackets_escapable` ####
5137+
5138+Allow `<` and `>` to be backslash-escaped, as they can be in
5139+GitHub flavored Markdown but not original Markdown. This is
5140+implied by pandoc's default `all_symbols_escapable`.
5141+
5142+#### Extension: `lists_without_preceding_blankline` ####
5143+
5144+Allow a list to occur right after a paragraph, with no intervening
5145+blank space.
5146+
5147+#### Extension: `four_space_rule` ####
5148+
5149+Selects the pandoc <= 2.0 behavior for parsing lists, so that
5150+four spaces indent are needed for list item continuation
5151+paragraphs.
5152+
5153+#### Extension: `spaced_reference_links` ####
5154+
5155+Allow whitespace between the two components of a reference link,
5156+for example,
5157+
5158+ [foo] [bar].
5159+
5160+#### Extension: `hard_line_breaks` ####
5161+
5162+Causes all newlines within a paragraph to be interpreted as hard line
5163+breaks instead of spaces.
5164+
5165+#### Extension: `ignore_line_breaks` ####
5166+
5167+Causes newlines within a paragraph to be ignored, rather than being
5168+treated as spaces or as hard line breaks. This option is intended for
5169+use with East Asian languages where spaces are not used between words,
5170+but text is divided into lines for readability.
5171+
5172+#### Extension: `east_asian_line_breaks` ####
5173+
5174+Causes newlines within a paragraph to be ignored, rather than
5175+being treated as spaces or as hard line breaks, when they occur
5176+between two East Asian wide characters. This is a better choice
5177+than `ignore_line_breaks` for texts that include a mix of East
5178+Asian wide characters and other characters.
5179+
5180+#### Extension: `emoji` ####
37075181
3708− \
5182+Parses textual emojis like `:smile:` as Unicode emoticons.
37095183
3710−Note that in reveal.js slide shows, an image in a paragraph
3711−by itself that has the `stretch` class will fill the screen,
3712−and the caption and figure tags will be omitted.
5184+#### Extension: `tex_math_single_backslash` ####
37135185
3714−#### Extension: `link_attributes` ####
5186+Causes anything between `\(` and `\)` to be interpreted as inline
5187+TeX math, and anything between `\[` and `\]` to be interpreted
5188+as display TeX math. Note: a drawback of this extension is that
5189+it precludes escaping `(` and `[`.
37155190
3716−Attributes can be set on links and images:
5191+#### Extension: `tex_math_double_backslash` ####
37175192
3718− An inline {#id .class width=30 height=20px}
3719− and a reference ![image][ref] with attributes.
5193+Causes anything between `\\(` and `\\)` to be interpreted as inline
5194+TeX math, and anything between `\\[` and `\\]` to be interpreted
5195+as display TeX math.
37205196
3721− [ref]: foo.jpg "optional title" {#id .class key=val key2="val 2"}
5197+#### Extension: `markdown_attribute` ####
37225198
3723−(This syntax is compatible with [PHP Markdown Extra] when only `#id`
3724−and `.class` are used.)
5199+By default, pandoc interprets material inside block-level tags as Markdown.
5200+This extension changes the behavior so that Markdown is only parsed
5201+inside block-level tags if the tags have the attribute `markdown=1`.
37255202
3726−For HTML and EPUB, all attributes except `width` and `height` (but
3727−including `srcset` and `sizes`) are passed through as is. The other
3728−writers ignore attributes that are not supported by their output
3729−format.
5203+#### Extension: `mmd_title_block` ####
37305204
3731−The `width` and `height` attributes on images are treated specially. When
3732−used without a unit, the unit is assumed to be pixels. However, any of
3733−the following unit identifiers can be used: `px`, `cm`, `mm`, `in`, `inch`
3734−and `%`. There must not be any spaces between the number and the unit.
3735−For example:
5205+Enables a [MultiMarkdown] style title block at the top of
5206+the document, for example:
37365207
3737−```
3738−{ width=50% }
3739−```
5208+ Title: My title
5209+ Author: John Doe
5210+ Date: September 1, 2008
5211+ Comment: This is a sample mmd title block, with
5212+ a field spanning multiple lines.
37405213
3741−- Dimensions are converted to inches for output in page-based formats like
3742− LaTeX. Dimensions are converted to pixels for output in HTML-like
3743− formats. Use the `--dpi` option to specify the number of pixels per
3744− inch. The default is 96dpi.
3745−- The `%` unit is generally relative to some available space.
3746− For example the above example will render to the following.
3747− - HTML: `<img href="file.jpg" style="width: 50%;" />`
3748− - LaTeX: `\includegraphics[width=0.5\textwidth,height=\textheight]{file.jpg}`
3749− (If you're using a custom template, you need to configure `graphicx`
3750− as in the default template.)
3751− - ConTeXt: `\externalfigure[file.jpg][width=0.5\textwidth]`
3752−- Some output formats have a notion of a class
3753− ([ConTeXt](http://wiki.contextgarden.net/Using_Graphics#Multiple_Image_Settings))
3754− or a unique identifier (LaTeX `\caption`), or both (HTML).
3755−- When no `width` or `height` attributes are specified, the fallback
3756− is to look at the image resolution and the dpi metadata embedded in
3757− the image file.
5214+See the MultiMarkdown documentation for details. If `pandoc_title_block` or
5215+`yaml_metadata_block` is enabled, it will take precedence over
5216+`mmd_title_block`.
37585217
3759−Divs and Spans
3760−--------------
5218+#### Extension: `abbreviations` ####
37615219
3762−Using the `native_divs` and `native_spans` extensions
3763−(see [above][Extension: `native_divs`]), HTML syntax can
3764−be used as part of markdown to create native `Div` and `Span`
3765−elements in the pandoc AST (as opposed to raw HTML).
3766−However, there is also nicer syntax available:
5220+Parses PHP Markdown Extra abbreviation keys, like
37675221
3768−#### Extension: `fenced_divs` ####
5222+ *[HTML]: Hypertext Markup Language
37695223
3770−Allow special fenced syntax for native `Div` blocks. A Div
3771−starts with a fence containing at least three consecutive
3772−colons plus some attributes. The attributes may optionally
3773−be followed by another string of consecutive colons.
3774−The attribute syntax is exactly as in fenced code blocks (see
3775−[Extension: `fenced_code_attributes`]). As with fenced
3776−code blocks, one can use either attributes in curly braces
3777−or a single unbraced word, which will be treated as a class
3778−name. The Div ends with another line containing a string of at
3779−least three consecutive colons. The fenced Div should be
3780−separated by blank lines from preceding and following blocks.
5224+Note that the pandoc document model does not support
5225+abbreviations, so if this extension is enabled, abbreviation keys are
5226+simply skipped (as opposed to being parsed as paragraphs).
37815227
3782−Example:
5228+#### Extension: `autolink_bare_uris` ####
37835229
3784− ::::: {#special .sidebar}
3785− Here is a paragraph.
5230+Makes all absolute URIs into links, even when not surrounded by
5231+pointy braces `<...>`.
37865232
3787− And another.
3788− :::::
5233+#### Extension: `mmd_link_attributes` ####
37895234
3790−Fenced divs can be nested. Opening fences are distinguished
3791−because they *must* have attributes:
5235+Parses multimarkdown style key-value attributes on link
5236+and image references. This extension should not be confused with the
5237+[`link_attributes`](#extension-link_attributes) extension.
37925238
3793− ::: Warning ::::::
3794− This is a warning.
5239+ This is a reference ![image][ref] with multimarkdown attributes.
37955240
3796− ::: Danger
3797− This is a warning within a warning.
3798− :::
3799− ::::::::::::::::::
5241+ [ref]: https://path.to/image "Image title" width=20px height=30px
5242+ id=myId class="myClass1 myClass2"
38005243
3801−Fences without attributes are always closing fences. Unlike
3802−with fenced code blocks, the number of colons in the closing
3803−fence need not match the number in the opening fence. However,
3804−it can be helpful for visual clarity to use fences of different
3805−lengths to distinguish nested divs from their parents.
5244+#### Extension: `mmd_header_identifiers` ####
38065245
5246+Parses multimarkdown style heading identifiers (in square brackets,
5247+after the heading but before any trailing `#`s in an ATX heading).
38075248
3808−#### Extension: `bracketed_spans` ####
5249+#### Extension: `compact_definition_lists` ####
38095250
3810−A bracketed sequence of inlines, as one would use to begin
3811−a link, will be treated as a `Span` with attributes if it is
3812−followed immediately by attributes:
5251+Activates the definition list syntax of pandoc 1.12.x and earlier.
5252+This syntax differs from the one described above under [Definition lists]
5253+in several respects:
38135254
3814− [This is *some text*]{.class key="val"}
5255+ - No blank line is required between consecutive items of the
5256+ definition list.
5257+ - To get a "tight" or "compact" list, omit space between consecutive
5258+ items; the space between a term and its definition does not affect
5259+ anything.
5260+ - Lazy wrapping of paragraphs is not allowed: the entire definition must
5261+ be indented four spaces.[^6]
5262+
5263+[^6]: To see why laziness is incompatible with relaxing the requirement
5264+ of a blank line between items, consider the following example:
38155265
3816−Footnotes
3817−---------
5266+ bar
5267+ : definition
5268+ foo
5269+ : definition
38185270
3819−#### Extension: `footnotes` ####
5271+ Is this a single list item with two definitions of "bar," the first of
5272+ which is lazily wrapped, or two list items? To remove the ambiguity
5273+ we must either disallow lazy wrapping or require a blank line between
5274+ list items.
38205275
3821−Pandoc's Markdown allows footnotes, using the following syntax:
5276+#### Extension: `gutenberg` ####
38225277
3823− Here is a footnote reference,[^1] and another.[^longnote]
5278+Use [Project Gutenberg] conventions for `plain` output:
5279+all-caps for strong emphasis, surround by underscores
5280+for regular emphasis, add extra blank space around headings.
38245281
3825− [^1]: Here is the footnote.
5282+ [Project Gutenberg]: https://www.gutenberg.org
38265283
3827− [^longnote]: Here's one with multiple blocks.
5284+#### Extension: `sourcepos` ####
38285285
3829− Subsequent paragraphs are indented to show that they
3830− belong to the previous footnote.
5286+Include source position attributes when parsing `commonmark`.
5287+For elements that accept attributes, a `data-pos` attribute
5288+is added; other elements are placed in a surrounding
5289+Div or Span elemnet with a `data-pos` attribute.
38315290
3832− { some.code }
5291+## Markdown variants
38335292
3834− The whole paragraph can be indented, or just the first
3835− line. In this way, multi-paragraph footnotes work like
3836− multi-paragraph list items.
5293+In addition to pandoc's extended Markdown, the following Markdown
5294+variants are supported:
38375295
3838− This paragraph won't be part of the note, because it
3839− isn't indented.
5296+- `markdown_phpextra` (PHP Markdown Extra)
5297+- `markdown_github` (deprecated GitHub-Flavored Markdown)
5298+- `markdown_mmd` (MultiMarkdown)
5299+- `markdown_strict` (Markdown.pl)
5300+- `commonmark` (CommonMark)
5301+- `gfm` (Github-Flavored Markdown)
5302+- `commonmark_x` (CommonMark with many pandoc extensions)
38405303
3841−The identifiers in footnote references may not contain spaces, tabs,
3842−or newlines. These identifiers are used only to correlate the
3843−footnote reference with the note itself; in the output, footnotes
3844−will be numbered sequentially.
5304+To see which extensions are supported for a given format,
5305+and which are enabled by default, you can use the command
38455306
3846−The footnotes themselves need not be placed at the end of the
3847−document. They may appear anywhere except inside other block elements
3848−(lists, block quotes, tables, etc.). Each footnote should be
3849−separated from surrounding content (including other footnotes)
3850−by blank lines.
5307+ pandoc --list-extensions=FORMAT
38515308
3852−#### Extension: `inline_notes` ####
5309+where `FORMAT` is replaced with the name of the format.
38535310
3854−Inline footnotes are also allowed (though, unlike regular notes,
3855−they cannot contain multiple paragraphs). The syntax is as follows:
5311+Note that the list of extensions for `commonmark`,
5312+`gfm`, and `commonmark_x` are defined relative to default
5313+commonmark. So, for example, `backtick_code_blocks`
5314+does not appear as an extension, since it is enabled by
5315+default and cannot be disabled.
38565316
3857− Here is an inline note.^[Inlines notes are easier to write, since
3858− you don't have to pick an identifier and move down to type the
3859− note.]
5317+# Citations
38605318
3861−Inline and regular footnotes may be mixed freely.
5319+When the `--citeproc` option is used, pandoc can automatically generate
5320+citations and a bibliography in a number of styles. Basic usage is
38625321
3863−Citations
3864−---------
5322+ pandoc --citeproc myinput.txt
38655323
3866−#### Extension: `citations` ####
5324+To use this feature, you will need to have
38675325
3868−Using an external filter, `pandoc-citeproc`, pandoc can automatically generate
3869−citations and a bibliography in a number of styles. Basic usage is
5326+- a document containing citations (see [Extension: `citations`]);
5327+- a source of bibliographic data: either an external bibliography
5328+ file or a list of `references` in the document's YAML metadata
5329+- optionally, a [CSL] citation style.
38705330
3871− pandoc --filter pandoc-citeproc myinput.txt
5331+## Specifying bibliographic data
38725332
3873−In order to use this feature, you will need to specify a bibliography file
3874−using the `bibliography` metadata field in a YAML metadata section, or
3875−`--bibliography` command line argument. You can supply multiple `--bibliography`
3876−arguments or set `bibliography` metadata field to YAML array, if you want to
3877−use multiple bibliography files. The bibliography may have any of these
3878−formats:
5333+You can specify an external bibliography using the
5334+`bibliography` metadata field in a YAML metadata section or the
5335+`--bibliography` command line argument. If you want to use
5336+multiple bibliography files, you can supply multiple
5337+`--bibliography` arguments or set `bibliography` metadata field
5338+to YAML array. A bibliography may have any of these formats:
38795339
38805340 Format File extension
38815341 ------------ --------------
38825342 BibLaTeX .bib
38835343 BibTeX .bibtex
3884− Copac .copac
38855344 CSL JSON .json
38865345 CSL YAML .yaml
3887− EndNote .enl
3888− EndNote XML .xml
3889− ISI .wos
3890− MEDLINE .medline
3891− MODS .mods
3892− RIS .ris
38935346
38945347Note that `.bib` can be used with both BibTeX and BibLaTeX files;
3895−use `.bibtex` to force BibTeX.
5348+use the extension `.bibtex` to force interpretation as BibTeX.
38965349
3897−Note that `pandoc-citeproc --bib2json` and `pandoc-citeproc --bib2yaml`
3898−can produce `.json` and `.yaml` files from any of the supported formats.
3899−
3900−In-field markup: In BibTeX and BibLaTeX databases,
3901−pandoc-citeproc parses a subset of LaTeX markup; in CSL YAML
3902−databases, pandoc Markdown; and in CSL JSON databases, an
3903−[HTML-like markup][CSL markup specs]:
5350+In BibTeX and BibLaTeX databases, pandoc parses LaTeX markup
5351+inside fields such as `title`; in CSL YAML databases, pandoc
5352+Markdown; and in CSL JSON databases, an [HTML-like markup][CSL
5353+markup specs]:
39045354
39055355`<i>...</i>`
39065356: italics
@@ -3920,14 +5370,11 @@ databases, pandoc Markdown; and in CSL JSON databases, an
39205370`<span class="nocase">...</span>`
39215371: prevent a phrase from being capitalized as title case
39225372
3923−`pandoc-citeproc -j` and `-y` interconvert the CSL JSON
3924−and CSL YAML formats as far as possible.
3925−
3926−As an alternative to specifying a bibliography file using `--bibliography`
3927−or the YAML metadata field `bibliography`, you can include
3928−the citation data directly in the `references` field of the
3929−document's YAML metadata. The field should contain an array of
3930−YAML-encoded references, for example:
5373+As an alternative to specifying a bibliography file using
5374+`--bibliography` or the YAML metadata field `bibliography`, you
5375+can include the citation data directly in the `references` field
5376+of the document's YAML metadata. The field should contain an
5377+array of YAML-encoded references, for example:
39315378
39325379 ---
39335380 references:
@@ -3943,345 +5390,273 @@ YAML-encoded references, for example:
39435390 - - 1953
39445391 - 4
39455392 - 25
3946− title: 'Molecular structure of nucleic acids: a structure for deoxyribose
3947− nucleic acid'
5393+ title: 'Molecular structure of nucleic acids: a structure for
5394+ deoxyribose nucleic acid'
39485395 title-short: Molecular structure of nucleic acids
39495396 container-title: Nature
39505397 volume: 171
39515398 issue: 4356
39525399 page: 737-738
39535400 DOI: 10.1038/171737a0
3954− URL: http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v171/n4356/abs/171737a0.html
5401+ URL: https://www.nature.com/articles/171737a0
39555402 language: en-GB
39565403 ...
39575404
3958−(`pandoc-citeproc --bib2yaml` can produce these from a bibliography file in one
3959−of the supported formats.)
3960−
3961−Citations and references can be formatted using any style supported by the
3962−[Citation Style Language], listed in the [Zotero Style Repository].
3963−These files are specified using the `--csl` option or the `csl` metadata field.
3964−By default, `pandoc-citeproc` will use the [Chicago Manual of Style] author-date
3965−format. The CSL project provides further information on [finding and editing styles].
3966−
3967−To make your citations hyperlinks to the corresponding bibliography
3968−entries, add `link-citations: true` to your YAML metadata.
3969−
3970−Citations go inside square brackets and are separated by semicolons.
3971−Each citation must have a key, composed of '@' + the citation
3972−identifier from the database, and may optionally have a prefix,
3973−a locator, and a suffix. The citation key must begin with a letter, digit,
3974−or `_`, and may contain alphanumerics, `_`, and internal punctuation
3975−characters (`:.#$%&-+?<>~/`). Here are some examples:
3976−
3977− Blah blah [see @doe99, pp. 33-35; also @smith04, chap. 1].
3978−
3979− Blah blah [@doe99, pp. 33-35, 38-39 and *passim*].
3980−
3981− Blah blah [@smith04; @doe99].
3982−
3983−`pandoc-citeproc` detects locator terms in the [CSL locale files].
3984−Either abbreviated or unabbreviated forms are accepted. In the `en-US`
3985−locale, locator terms can be written in either singular or plural forms,
3986−as `book`, `bk.`/`bks.`; `chapter`, `chap.`/`chaps.`; `column`,
3987−`col.`/`cols.`; `figure`, `fig.`/`figs.`; `folio`, `fol.`/`fols.`;
3988−`number`, `no.`/`nos.`; `line`, `l.`/`ll.`; `note`, `n.`/`nn.`; `opus`,
3989−`op.`/`opp.`; `page`, `p.`/`pp.`; `paragraph`, `para.`/`paras.`; `part`,
3990−`pt.`/`pts.`; `section`, `sec.`/`secs.`; `sub verbo`, `s.v.`/`s.vv.`;
3991−`verse`, `v.`/`vv.`; `volume`, `vol.`/`vols.`; `¶`/`¶¶`; `§`/`§§`. If no
3992−locator term is used, "page" is assumed.
3993−
3994−`pandoc-citeproc` will use heuristics to distinguish the locator
3995−from the suffix. In complex cases, the locator can be enclosed
3996−in curly braces (using `pandoc-citeproc` 0.15 and higher only):
3997−
3998− [@smith{ii, A, D-Z}, with a suffix]
3999− [@smith, {pp. iv, vi-xi, (xv)-(xvii)} with suffix here]
4000−
4001−A minus sign (`-`) before the `@` will suppress mention of
4002−the author in the citation. This can be useful when the
4003−author is already mentioned in the text:
4004−
4005− Smith says blah [-@smith04].
4006−
4007−You can also write an in-text citation, as follows:
4008−
4009− @smith04 says blah.
4010−
4011− @smith04 [p. 33] says blah.
4012−
4013−If the style calls for a list of works cited, it will be placed
4014−in a div with id `refs`, if one exists:
4015−
4016− ::: {#refs}
4017− :::
4018−
4019−Otherwise, it will be placed at the end of the document.
4020−Generation of the bibliography can be suppressed by setting
4021−`suppress-bibliography: true` in the YAML metadata.
4022−
4023−If you wish the bibliography to have a section header, you can
4024−set `reference-section-title` in the metadata, or put the header
4025−at the beginning of the div with id `refs` (if you are using it)
4026−or at the end of your document:
4027−
4028− last paragraph...
5405+If both an external bibliography and inline (YAML metadata)
5406+references are provided, both will be used. In case of
5407+conflicting `id`s, the inline references will take precedence.
40295408
4030− # References
4031−
4032−The bibliography will be inserted after this header. Note that
4033−the `unnumbered` class will be added to this header, so that the
4034−section will not be numbered.
5409+Note that `pandoc` can be used to produce such a YAML metadata
5410+section from a BibTeX, BibLaTeX, or CSL JSON bibliography:
40355411
4036−If you want to include items in the bibliography without actually
4037−citing them in the body text, you can define a dummy `nocite` metadata
4038−field and put the citations there:
5412+ pandoc chem.bib -s -f biblatex -t markdown
5413+ pandoc chem.json -s -f csljson -t markdown
40395414
4040− ---
4041− nocite: |
4042− @item1, @item2
4043− ...
5415+Indeed, `pandoc` can convert between any of these
5416+citation formats:
40445417
4045− @item3
5418+ pandoc chem.bib -s -f biblatex -t csljson
5419+ pandoc chem.yaml -s -f markdown -t biblatex
40465420
4047−In this example, the document will contain a citation for `item3`
4048−only, but the bibliography will contain entries for `item1`, `item2`, and
4049−`item3`.
5421+Running pandoc on a bibliography file with the `--citeproc`
5422+option will create a formatted bibliography in the format
5423+of your choice:
40505424
4051−It is possible to create a bibliography with all the citations,
4052−whether or not they appear in the document, by using a wildcard:
5425+ pandoc chem.bib -s --citeproc -o chem.html
5426+ pandoc chem.bib -s --citeproc -o chem.pdf
40535427
4054− ---
4055− nocite: |
4056− @*
4057− ...
5428+### Capitalization in titles
40585429
4059−For LaTeX output, you can also use [`natbib`] or [`biblatex`] to
4060−render the bibliography. In order to do so, specify bibliography
4061−files as outlined above, and add `--natbib` or `--biblatex`
4062−argument to `pandoc` invocation. Bear in mind that bibliography
4063−files have to be in respective format (either BibTeX or
4064−BibLaTeX).
5430+If you are using a bibtex or biblatex bibliography, then observe
5431+the following rules:
40655432
4066−For more information, see the [pandoc-citeproc man page].
5433+ - English titles should be in title case. Non-English titles should
5434+ be in sentence case, and the `langid` field in biblatex should be
5435+ set to the relevant language. (The following values are treated
5436+ as English: `american`, `british`, `canadian`, `english`,
5437+ `australian`, `newzealand`, `USenglish`, or `UKenglish`.)
40675438
4068−[CSL markup specs]: http://docs.citationstyles.org/en/1.0/release-notes.html#rich-text-markup-within-fields
4069−[Chicago Manual of Style]: http://chicagomanualofstyle.org
4070−[Citation Style Language]: http://citationstyles.org
4071−[Zotero Style Repository]: https://www.zotero.org/styles
4072−[finding and editing styles]: https://citationstyles.org/authors/
4073−[CSL locale files]: https://github.com/citation-style-language/locales
4074−[pandoc-citeproc man page]: https://github.com/jgm/pandoc-citeproc/blob/master/man/pandoc-citeproc.1.md
5439+ - As is standard with bibtex/biblatex, proper names should be
5440+ protected with curly braces so that they won't be lowercased
5441+ in styles that call for sentence case. For example:
40755442
4076−Non-pandoc extensions
4077−---------------------
5443+ title = {My Dinner with {Andre}}
40785444
4079−The following Markdown syntax extensions are not enabled by default
4080−in pandoc, but may be enabled by adding `+EXTENSION` to the format
4081−name, where `EXTENSION` is the name of the extension. Thus, for
4082−example, `markdown+hard_line_breaks` is Markdown with hard line breaks.
5445+ - In addition, words that should remain lowercase (or camelCase)
5446+ should be protected:
40835447
4084−#### Extension: `old_dashes` ####
5448+ title = {Spin Wave Dispersion on the {nm} Scale}
40855449
4086−Selects the pandoc <= 1.8.2.1 behavior for parsing smart dashes:
4087−`-` before a numeral is an en-dash, and `--` is an em-dash.
4088−This option only has an effect if `smart` is enabled. It is
4089−selected automatically for `textile` input.
5450+ Though this is not necessary in bibtex/biblatex, it is necessary
5451+ with citeproc, which stores titles internally in sentence case,
5452+ and converts to title case in styles that require it. Here we
5453+ protect "nm" so that it doesn't get converted to "Nm" at this stage.
40905454
4091−#### Extension: `angle_brackets_escapable` ####
5455+If you are using a CSL bibliography (either JSON or YAML), then observe
5456+the following rules:
40925457
4093−Allow `<` and `>` to be backslash-escaped, as they can be in
4094−GitHub flavored Markdown but not original Markdown. This is
4095−implied by pandoc's default `all_symbols_escapable`.
5458+ - All titles should be in sentence case.
40965459
4097−#### Extension: `lists_without_preceding_blankline` ####
5460+ - Use the `language` field for non-English titles to prevent their
5461+ conversion to title case in styles that call for this. (Conversion
5462+ happens only if `language` begins with `en` or is left empty.)
40985463
4099−Allow a list to occur right after a paragraph, with no intervening
4100−blank space.
5464+ - Protect words that should not be converted to title case using
5465+ this syntax:
41015466
4102−#### Extension: `four_space_rule` ####
5467+ Spin wave dispersion on the <span class="nocase">nm</span> scale
41035468
4104−Selects the pandoc <= 2.0 behavior for parsing lists, so that
4105−four spaces indent are needed for list item continuation
4106−paragraphs.
5469+### Conference Papers, Published vs. Unpublished
41075470
4108−#### Extension: `spaced_reference_links` ####
5471+For a formally published conference paper, use the biblatex entry type
5472+`inproceedings` (which will be mapped to CSL `paper-conference`).
41095473
4110−Allow whitespace between the two components of a reference link,
4111−for example,
5474+For an unpublished manuscript, use the biblatex entry type
5475+`unpublished` without an `eventtitle` field (this entry type
5476+will be mapped to CSL `manuscript`).
41125477
4113− [foo] [bar].
5478+For a talk, an unpublished conference paper, or a poster
5479+presentation, use the biblatex entry type `unpublished` with an
5480+`eventtitle` field (this entry type will be mapped to CSL
5481+`speech`). Use the biblatex `type` field to indicate the type,
5482+e.g. "Paper", or "Poster". `venue` and `eventdate` may be useful
5483+too, though `eventdate` will not be rendered by most CSL styles.
5484+Note that `venue` is for the event's venue, unlike `location`
5485+which describes the publisher's location; do not use the latter
5486+for an unpublished conference paper.
41145487
4115−#### Extension: `hard_line_breaks` ####
41165488
4117−Causes all newlines within a paragraph to be interpreted as hard line
4118−breaks instead of spaces.
5489+## Specifying a citation style
41195490
4120−#### Extension: `ignore_line_breaks` ####
5491+Citations and references can be formatted using any style supported by the
5492+[Citation Style Language], listed in the [Zotero Style Repository].
5493+These files are specified using the `--csl` option or the `csl`
5494+(or `citation-style`) metadata field. By default, pandoc will
5495+use the [Chicago Manual of Style] author-date format. (You can
5496+override this default by copying a CSL style of your choice
5497+to `default.csl` in your user data directory.)
5498+The CSL project provides further information on [finding and
5499+editing styles].
5500+
5501+The `--citation-abbreviations` option (or the
5502+`citation-abbreviations` metadata field) may be used to specify
5503+a JSON file containing abbreviations of journals that should be
5504+used in formatted bibliographies when `form="short"` is
5505+specified. The format of the file can be illustrated with an
5506+example:
41215507
4122−Causes newlines within a paragraph to be ignored, rather than being
4123−treated as spaces or as hard line breaks. This option is intended for
4124−use with East Asian languages where spaces are not used between words,
4125−but text is divided into lines for readability.
41265508
4127−#### Extension: `east_asian_line_breaks` ####
5509+ { "default": {
5510+ "container-title": {
5511+ "Lloyd's Law Reports": "Lloyd's Rep",
5512+ "Estates Gazette": "EG",
5513+ "Scots Law Times": "SLT"
5514+ }
5515+ }
5516+ }
41285517
4129−Causes newlines within a paragraph to be ignored, rather than
4130−being treated as spaces or as hard line breaks, when they occur
4131−between two East Asian wide characters. This is a better choice
4132−than `ignore_line_breaks` for texts that include a mix of East
4133−Asian wide characters and other characters.
41345518
4135−#### Extension: `emoji` ####
5519+## Citations in note styles
41365520
4137−Parses textual emojis like `:smile:` as Unicode emoticons.
5521+Pandoc's citation processing is designed to allow you to
5522+move between author-date, numerical, and note styles without
5523+modifying the markdown source. When you're using a note
5524+style, avoid inserting footnotes manually. Instead, insert
5525+citations just as you would in an author-date style---for
5526+example,
41385527
4139−#### Extension: `tex_math_single_backslash` ####
5528+ Blah blah [@foo, p. 33].
41405529
4141−Causes anything between `\(` and `\)` to be interpreted as inline
4142−TeX math, and anything between `\[` and `\]` to be interpreted
4143−as display TeX math. Note: a drawback of this extension is that
4144−it precludes escaping `(` and `[`.
5530+The footnote will be created automatically. Pandoc will take
5531+care of removing the space and moving the note before or
5532+after the period, depending on the setting of
5533+`notes-after-punctuation`, as described below in [Other relevant
5534+metadata fields].
41455535
4146−#### Extension: `tex_math_double_backslash` ####
5536+In some cases you may need to put a citation inside a regular
5537+footnote. Normal citations in footnotes (such as `[@foo, p.
5538+33]`) will be rendered in parentheses. In-text citations (such
5539+as `@foo [p. 33]`) will be rendered without parentheses. (A
5540+comma will be added if appropriate.) Thus:
41475541
4148−Causes anything between `\\(` and `\\)` to be interpreted as inline
4149−TeX math, and anything between `\\[` and `\\]` to be interpreted
4150−as display TeX math.
5542+ [^1]: Some studies [@foo; @bar, p. 33] show that
5543+ frubulicious zoosnaps are quantical. For a survey
5544+ of the literature, see @baz [chap. 1].
41515545
4152−#### Extension: `markdown_attribute` ####
5546+## Raw content in a style
41535547
4154−By default, pandoc interprets material inside block-level tags as Markdown.
4155−This extension changes the behavior so that Markdown is only parsed
4156−inside block-level tags if the tags have the attribute `markdown=1`.
5548+To include raw content in a prefix, suffix, delimiter, or term,
5549+surround it with these tags indicating the format:
41575550
4158−#### Extension: `mmd_title_block` ####
5551+ {{jats}}<ref>{{/jats}}
41595552
4160−Enables a [MultiMarkdown] style title block at the top of
4161−the document, for example:
5553+Without the tags, the string will be interpreted as a string
5554+and escaped in the output, rather than being passed through raw.
41625555
4163− Title: My title
4164− Author: John Doe
4165− Date: September 1, 2008
4166− Comment: This is a sample mmd title block, with
4167− a field spanning multiple lines.
5556+This feature allows stylesheets to be customized to give
5557+different output for different output formats. However,
5558+stylesheets customized in this way will not be usable
5559+by other CSL implementations.
41685560
4169−See the MultiMarkdown documentation for details. If `pandoc_title_block` or
4170−`yaml_metadata_block` is enabled, it will take precedence over
4171−`mmd_title_block`.
41725561
4173−#### Extension: `abbreviations` ####
41745562
4175−Parses PHP Markdown Extra abbreviation keys, like
5563+## Placement of the bibliography
41765564
4177− *[HTML]: Hypertext Markup Language
5565+If the style calls for a list of works cited, it will be placed
5566+in a div with id `refs`, if one exists:
41785567
4179−Note that the pandoc document model does not support
4180−abbreviations, so if this extension is enabled, abbreviation keys are
4181−simply skipped (as opposed to being parsed as paragraphs).
5568+ ::: {#refs}
5569+ :::
41825570
4183−#### Extension: `autolink_bare_uris` ####
5571+Otherwise, it will be placed at the end of the document.
5572+Generation of the bibliography can be suppressed by setting
5573+`suppress-bibliography: true` in the YAML metadata.
41845574
4185−Makes all absolute URIs into links, even when not surrounded by
4186−pointy braces `<...>`.
5575+If you wish the bibliography to have a section heading, you can
5576+set `reference-section-title` in the metadata, or put the heading
5577+at the beginning of the div with id `refs` (if you are using it)
5578+or at the end of your document:
41875579
4188−#### Extension: `mmd_link_attributes` ####
5580+ last paragraph...
41895581
4190−Parses multimarkdown style key-value attributes on link
4191−and image references. This extension should not be confused with the
4192−[`link_attributes`](#extension-link_attributes) extension.
5582+ # References
41935583
4194− This is a reference ![image][ref] with multimarkdown attributes.
5584+The bibliography will be inserted after this heading. Note that
5585+the `unnumbered` class will be added to this heading, so that the
5586+section will not be numbered.
41955587
4196− [ref]: http://path.to/image "Image title" width=20px height=30px
4197− id=myId class="myClass1 myClass2"
5588+## Including uncited items in the bibliography
41985589
4199−#### Extension: `mmd_header_identifiers` ####
5590+If you want to include items in the bibliography without actually
5591+citing them in the body text, you can define a dummy `nocite` metadata
5592+field and put the citations there:
42005593
4201−Parses multimarkdown style header identifiers (in square brackets,
4202−after the header but before any trailing `#`s in an ATX header).
5594+ ---
5595+ nocite: |
5596+ @item1, @item2
5597+ ...
42035598
4204−#### Extension: `compact_definition_lists` ####
5599+ @item3
42055600
4206−Activates the definition list syntax of pandoc 1.12.x and earlier.
4207−This syntax differs from the one described above under [Definition lists]
4208−in several respects:
5601+In this example, the document will contain a citation for `item3`
5602+only, but the bibliography will contain entries for `item1`, `item2`, and
5603+`item3`.
42095604
4210− - No blank line is required between consecutive items of the
4211− definition list.
4212− - To get a "tight" or "compact" list, omit space between consecutive
4213− items; the space between a term and its definition does not affect
4214− anything.
4215− - Lazy wrapping of paragraphs is not allowed: the entire definition must
4216− be indented four spaces.[^6]
5605+It is possible to create a bibliography with all the citations,
5606+whether or not they appear in the document, by using a wildcard:
42175607
4218−[^6]: To see why laziness is incompatible with relaxing the requirement
4219− of a blank line between items, consider the following example:
5608+ ---
5609+ nocite: |
5610+ @*
5611+ ...
42205612
4221− bar
4222− : definition
4223− foo
4224− : definition
5613+For LaTeX output, you can also use [`natbib`] or [`biblatex`] to
5614+render the bibliography. In order to do so, specify bibliography
5615+files as outlined above, and add `--natbib` or `--biblatex`
5616+argument to `pandoc` invocation. Bear in mind that bibliography
5617+files have to be in either BibTeX (for `--natbib`)
5618+or BibLaTeX (for `--biblatex`) format.
42255619
4226− Is this a single list item with two definitions of "bar," the first of
4227− which is lazily wrapped, or two list items? To remove the ambiguity
4228− we must either disallow lazy wrapping or require a blank line between
4229− list items.
5620+## Other relevant metadata fields
42305621
4231−Markdown variants
4232−-----------------
5622+A few other metadata fields affect bibliography formatting:
42335623
4234−In addition to pandoc's extended Markdown, the following Markdown
4235−variants are supported:
5624+`link-citations`
5625+: If true, citations will be
5626+ hyperlinked to the corresponding bibliography entries
5627+ (for author-date and numerical styles only).
42365628
4237−`markdown_phpextra` (PHP Markdown Extra)
4238−: `footnotes`, `pipe_tables`, `raw_html`, `markdown_attribute`,
4239− `fenced_code_blocks`, `definition_lists`, `intraword_underscores`,
4240− `header_attributes`, `link_attributes`, `abbreviations`,
4241− `shortcut_reference_links`, `spaced_reference_links`.
4242−
4243−`markdown_github` (deprecated GitHub-Flavored Markdown)
4244−: `pipe_tables`, `raw_html`, `fenced_code_blocks`, `auto_identifiers`,
4245− `gfm_auto_identifiers`, `backtick_code_blocks`,
4246− `autolink_bare_uris`, `space_in_atx_header`,
4247− `intraword_underscores`, `strikeout`, `task_lists`, `emoji`,
4248− `shortcut_reference_links`, `angle_brackets_escapable`,
4249− `lists_without_preceding_blankline`.
4250−
4251−`markdown_mmd` (MultiMarkdown)
4252−: `pipe_tables`, `raw_html`, `markdown_attribute`, `mmd_link_attributes`,
4253− `tex_math_double_backslash`, `intraword_underscores`,
4254− `mmd_title_block`, `footnotes`, `definition_lists`,
4255− `all_symbols_escapable`, `implicit_header_references`,
4256− `auto_identifiers`, `mmd_header_identifiers`,
4257− `shortcut_reference_links`, `implicit_figures`,
4258− `superscript`, `subscript`, `backtick_code_blocks`,
4259− `spaced_reference_links`, `raw_attribute`.
4260−
4261−`markdown_strict` (Markdown.pl)
4262−: `raw_html`, `shortcut_reference_links`,
4263− `spaced_reference_links`.
4264−
4265−We also support `commonmark` and `gfm` (GitHub-Flavored Markdown,
4266−which is implemented as a set of extensions on `commonmark`).
4267−
4268−Note, however, that `commonmark` and `gfm` have limited support
4269−for extensions. Only those listed below (and `smart`,
4270−`raw_tex`, and `hard_line_breaks`) will work. The extensions
4271−can, however, all be individually disabled. Also, `raw_tex`
4272−only affects `gfm` output, not input.
4273−
4274−`gfm` (GitHub-Flavored Markdown)
4275−: `pipe_tables`, `raw_html`, `fenced_code_blocks`, `auto_identifiers`,
4276− `gfm_auto_identifiers`, `backtick_code_blocks`,
4277− `autolink_bare_uris`, `space_in_atx_header`,
4278− `intraword_underscores`, `strikeout`, `task_lists`, `emoji`,
4279− `shortcut_reference_links`, `angle_brackets_escapable`,
4280− `lists_without_preceding_blankline`.
4281−
4282−
4283−Producing slide shows with pandoc
4284−=================================
5629+`lang`
5630+: The `lang` field will affect how the style is localized,
5631+ for example in the translation of labels, the use
5632+ of quotation marks, and the way items are sorted.
5633+ (For backwards compatibility, `locale` may be used instead
5634+ of `lang`, but this use is deprecated.)
5635+
5636+ A BCP 47 language tag is expected: for example, `en`,
5637+ `de`, `en-US`, `fr-CA`, `ug-Cyrl`. The unicode extension
5638+ syntax (after `-u-`) may be used to specify options for
5639+ collation (sorting) more precisely. Here are some examples:
5640+
5641+ - `zh-u-co-pinyin` -- Chinese with the Pinyin collation.
5642+ - `es-u-co-trad` -- Spanish with the traditional collation
5643+ (with `Ch` sorting after `C`).
5644+ - `fr-u-kb` -- French with "backwards" accent sorting
5645+ (with `coté` sorting after `côte`).
5646+ - `en-US-u-kf-upper` -- English with uppercase letters sorting
5647+ before lower (default is lower before upper).
5648+
5649+`notes-after-punctuation`
5650+: If true (the default), pandoc will put footnote citations
5651+ after following punctuation. For example, if the source
5652+ contains `blah blah [@jones99].`, the result will look like
5653+ `blah blah.[^1]`, with the note moved after the period and
5654+ the space collapsed. If false, the space will still be
5655+ collapsed, but the footnote will not be moved after the
5656+ punctuation.
5657+
5658+
5659+# Slide shows
42855660
42865661You can use pandoc to produce an HTML + JavaScript slide presentation
42875662that can be viewed via a web browser. There are five ways to do this,
@@ -4329,18 +5704,21 @@ To produce an HTML/JavaScript slide show, simply type
43295704
43305705where `FORMAT` is either `s5`, `slidy`, `slideous`, `dzslides`, or `revealjs`.
43315706
4332−For Slidy, Slideous, reveal.js, and S5, the file produced by pandoc with the
4333−`-s/--standalone` option embeds a link to JavaScript and CSS files, which are
4334−assumed to be available at the relative path `s5/default` (for S5), `slideous`
4335−(for Slideous), `reveal.js` (for reveal.js), or at the Slidy website at
4336−`w3.org` (for Slidy). (These paths can be changed by setting the `slidy-url`,
4337−`slideous-url`, `revealjs-url`, or `s5-url` variables; see [Variables for slides],
4338−above.) For DZSlides, the (relatively short) JavaScript and CSS are included in
4339−the file by default.
4340−
4341−With all HTML slide formats, the `--self-contained` option can be used to
4342−produce a single file that contains all of the data necessary to display the
4343−slide show, including linked scripts, stylesheets, images, and videos.
5707+For Slidy, Slideous, reveal.js, and S5, the file produced by
5708+pandoc with the `-s/--standalone` option embeds a link to
5709+JavaScript and CSS files, which are assumed to be available at
5710+the relative path `s5/default` (for S5), `slideous` (for
5711+Slideous), `reveal.js` (for reveal.js), or at the Slidy website
5712+at `w3.org` (for Slidy). (These paths can be changed by setting
5713+the `slidy-url`, `slideous-url`, `revealjs-url`, or `s5-url`
5714+variables; see [Variables for HTML slides], above.) For
5715+DZSlides, the (relatively short) JavaScript and CSS are included
5716+in the file by default.
5717+
5718+With all HTML slide formats, the `--self-contained` option can
5719+be used to produce a single file that contains all of the data
5720+necessary to display the slide show, including linked scripts,
5721+stylesheets, images, and videos.
43445722
43455723To produce a PDF slide show using beamer, type
43465724
@@ -4353,14 +5731,13 @@ To produce a Powerpoint slide show, type
43535731
43545732 pandoc habits.txt -o habits.pptx
43555733
4356−Structuring the slide show
4357−--------------------------
5734+## Structuring the slide show
43585735
4359−By default, the *slide level* is the highest header level in
5736+By default, the *slide level* is the highest heading level in
43605737the hierarchy that is followed immediately by content, and not another
4361−header, somewhere in the document. In the example above, level 1 headers
4362−are always followed by level 2 headers, which are followed by content,
4363−so 2 is the slide level. This default can be overridden using
5738+heading, somewhere in the document. In the example above, level-1 headings
5739+are always followed by level-2 headings, which are followed by content,
5740+so the slide level is 2. This default can be overridden using
43645741the `--slide-level` option.
43655742
43665743The document is carved up into slides according to the following
@@ -4368,17 +5745,21 @@ rules:
43685745
43695746 * A horizontal rule always starts a new slide.
43705747
4371− * A header at the slide level always starts a new slide.
5748+ * A heading at the slide level always starts a new slide.
43725749
4373− * Headers *below* the slide level in the hierarchy create
4374− headers *within* a slide.
5750+ * Headings *below* the slide level in the hierarchy create
5751+ headings *within* a slide. (In beamer, a "block" will be
5752+ created. If the heading has the class `example`, an
5753+ `exampleblock` environment will be used; if it has the class
5754+ `alert`, an `alertblock` will be used; otherwise a regular
5755+ `block` will be used.)
43755756
4376− * Headers *above* the slide level in the hierarchy create
5757+ * Headings *above* the slide level in the hierarchy create
43775758 "title slides," which just contain the section title
43785759 and help to break the slide show into sections.
4379−
4380− * Content *above* the slide level will not appear in the slide
4381− show.
5760+ Non-slide content under these headings will be included
5761+ on the title slide (for HTML slide shows) or in a
5762+ subsequent slide with the same title (for beamer).
43825763
43835764 * A title page is constructed automatically from the document's title
43845765 block, if present. (In the case of beamer, this can be disabled
@@ -4386,17 +5767,16 @@ rules:
43865767
43875768These rules are designed to support many different styles of slide show. If
43885769you don't care about structuring your slides into sections and subsections,
4389−you can just use level 1 headers for all each slide. (In that case, level 1
5770+you can just use level-1 headings for all each slide. (In that case, level-1
43905771will be the slide level.) But you can also structure the slide show into
43915772sections, as in the example above.
43925773
43935774Note: in reveal.js slide shows, if slide level is 2, a two-dimensional
4394−layout will be produced, with level 1 headers building horizontally
4395−and level 2 headers building vertically. It is not recommended that
5775+layout will be produced, with level-1 headings building horizontally
5776+and level-2 headings building vertically. It is not recommended that
43965777you use deeper nesting of section levels with reveal.js.
43975778
4398−Incremental lists
4399−-----------------
5779+## Incremental lists
44005780
44015781By default, these writers produce lists that display "all at once."
44025782If you want your lists to display incrementally (one item at a time),
@@ -4434,8 +5814,10 @@ option):
44345814Both methods allow incremental and nonincremental lists to be mixed
44355815in a single document.
44365816
4437−Inserting pauses
4438−----------------
5817+Note: Neither the `-i/--incremental` option nor any of the
5818+methods described here currently works for PowerPoint output.
5819+
5820+## Inserting pauses
44395821
44405822You can add "pauses" within a slide by including a paragraph containing
44415823three dots, separated by spaces:
@@ -4448,8 +5830,9 @@ three dots, separated by spaces:
44485830
44495831 content after the pause
44505832
4451−Styling the slides
4452−------------------
5833+Note: this feature is not yet implemented for PowerPoint output.
5834+
5835+## Styling the slides
44535836
44545837You can change the style of HTML slides by putting customized CSS files
44555838in `$DATADIR/s5/default` (for S5), `$DATADIR/slidy` (for Slidy),
@@ -4474,9 +5857,9 @@ To style beamer slides, you can specify a `theme`, `colortheme`,
44745857
44755858 pandoc -t beamer habits.txt -V theme:Warsaw -o habits.pdf
44765859
4477−Note that header attributes will turn into slide attributes
5860+Note that heading attributes will turn into slide attributes
44785861(on a `<div>` or `<section>`) in HTML slide formats, allowing you
4479−to style individual slides. In beamer, the only header attribute
5862+to style individual slides. In beamer, the only heading attribute
44805863that affects slides is the `allowframebreaks` class, which sets the
44815864`allowframebreaks` option, causing multiple slides to be created
44825865if the content overfills the frame. This is recommended especially for
@@ -4484,8 +5867,7 @@ bibliographies:
44845867
44855868 # References {.allowframebreaks}
44865869
4487−Speaker notes
4488−-------------
5870+## Speaker notes
44895871
44905872Speaker notes are supported in reveal.js and PowerPoint (pptx)
44915873output. You can add notes to your Markdown document thus:
@@ -4506,8 +5888,7 @@ in handouts and presenter view.
45065888Notes are not yet supported for other slide formats, but the notes
45075889will not appear on the slides themselves.
45085890
4509−Columns
4510−-------
5891+## Columns
45115892
45125893To put material in side by side columns, you can use a native
45135894div container with class `columns`, containing two or more div
@@ -4522,12 +5903,46 @@ containers with class `column` and a `width` attribute:
45225903 :::
45235904 ::::::::::::::
45245905
4525−Frame attributes in beamer
4526−--------------------------
5906+### Additional columns attributes in beamer
5907+
5908+The div containers with classes `columns` and `column` can optionally have
5909+an `align` attribute.
5910+The class `columns` can optionally have a `totalwidth` attribute or an
5911+`onlytextwidth` class.
5912+
5913+ :::::::::::::: {.columns align=center totalwidth=8em}
5914+ ::: {.column width="40%"}
5915+ contents...
5916+ :::
5917+ ::: {.column width="60%" align=bottom}
5918+ contents...
5919+ :::
5920+ ::::::::::::::
5921+
5922+The `align` attributes on `columns` and `column` can be used with the
5923+values `top`, `top-baseline`, `center` and `bottom` to vertically align
5924+the columns. It defaults to `top` in `columns`.
5925+
5926+The `totalwidth` attribute limits the width of the columns to the given value.
5927+
5928+ :::::::::::::: {.columns align=top .onlytextwidth}
5929+ ::: {.column width="40%" align=center}
5930+ contents...
5931+ :::
5932+ ::: {.column width="60%"}
5933+ contents...
5934+ :::
5935+ ::::::::::::::
5936+
5937+The class `onlytextwidth` sets the `totalwidth` to `\textwidth`.
5938+
5939+See Section 12.7 of the [Beamer User's Guide] for more details.
5940+
5941+## Frame attributes in beamer
45275942
45285943Sometimes it is necessary to add the LaTeX `[fragile]` option to
45295944a frame in beamer (for example, when using the `minted` environment).
4530−This can be forced by adding the `fragile` class to the header
5945+This can be forced by adding the `fragile` class to the heading
45315946introducing the slide:
45325947
45335948 # Fragile slide {.fragile}
@@ -4537,10 +5952,9 @@ the [Beamer User's Guide] may also be used: `allowdisplaybreaks`,
45375952`allowframebreaks`, `b`, `c`, `t`, `environment`, `label`, `plain`,
45385953`shrink`, `standout`, `noframenumbering`.
45395954
4540−Background in reveal.js and beamer
4541−----------------------------------
5955+## Background in reveal.js and beamer
45425956
4543−Background images can be added to self-contained reveal.js slideshows and
5957+Background images can be added to self-contained reveal.js slideshows and
45445958to beamer slideshows.
45455959
45465960For the same image on every slide, use the configuration
@@ -4548,14 +5962,14 @@ option `background-image` either in the YAML metadata block
45485962or as a command-line variable. (There are no other options in
45495963beamer and the rest of this section concerns reveal.js slideshows.)
45505964
4551−For reveal.js, you can instead use the reveal.js-native option
4552−`parallaxBackgroundImage`. You can also set `parallaxBackgroundHorizontal`
4553−and `parallaxBackgroundVertical` the same way and must also set
5965+For reveal.js, you can instead use the reveal.js-native option
5966+`parallaxBackgroundImage`. You can also set `parallaxBackgroundHorizontal`
5967+and `parallaxBackgroundVertical` the same way and must also set
45545968`parallaxBackgroundSize` to have your values take effect.
45555969
45565970To set an image for a particular reveal.js slide, add
45575971`{data-background-image="/path/to/image"}`
4558−to the first slide-level header on the slide (which may even be empty).
5972+to the first slide-level heading on the slide (which may even be empty).
45595973
45605974In reveal.js's overview mode, the parallaxBackgroundImage will show up
45615975only on the first slide.
@@ -4564,9 +5978,12 @@ Other reveal.js background settings also work on individual slides, including
45645978`data-background-size`, `data-background-repeat`, `data-background-color`,
45655979`data-transition`, and `data-transition-speed`.
45665980
4567−See the [reveal.js
4568−documentation](https://github.com/hakimel/reveal.js#slide-backgrounds)
4569−for more details.
5981+To add a background image to the automatically generated title slide, use the
5982+`title-slide-attributes` variable in the YAML metadata block. It must contain
5983+a map of attribute names and values.
5984+
5985+See the [reveal.js documentation](https://revealjs.com/backgrounds/) for more
5986+details.
45705987
45715988For example in reveal.js:
45725989
@@ -4574,6 +5991,9 @@ For example in reveal.js:
45745991---
45755992title: My Slideshow
45765993parallaxBackgroundImage: /path/to/my/background_image.png
5994+title-slide-attributes:
5995+ data-background-image: /path/to/title_image.png
5996+ data-background-size: contain
45775997---
45785998
45795999## Slide One
@@ -4582,14 +6002,12 @@ Slide 1 has background_image.png as its background.
45826002
45836003## {data-background-image="/path/to/special_image.jpg"}
45846004
4585−Slide 2 has a special image for its background, even though the header has no content.
6005+Slide 2 has a special image for its background, even though the heading has no content.
45866006```
45876007
4588−Creating EPUBs with pandoc
4589−==========================
6008+# EPUBs
45906009
4591−EPUB Metadata
4592−-------------
6010+## EPUB Metadata
45936011
45946012EPUB metadata may be specified using the `--epub-metadata` option, but
45956013if the source document is Markdown, it is better to use a [YAML metadata
@@ -4667,6 +6085,15 @@ The following fields are recognized:
46676085
46686086`rights`
46696087 ~ A string value.
6088+
6089+`belongs-to-collection`
6090+ ~ A string value. identifies the name of a collection to which
6091+ the EPUB Publication belongs.
6092+
6093+`group-position`
6094+ ~ The `group-position` field indicates the numeric position in which
6095+ the EPUB Publication belongs relative to other works belonging to
6096+ the same `belongs-to-collection` field.
46706097
46716098`cover-image`
46726099 ~ A string value (path to cover image).
@@ -4688,13 +6115,12 @@ The following fields are recognized:
46886115 - `binding`: `true`|`false` (default `true`)
46896116 - `scroll-axis`: `vertical`|`horizontal`|`default`
46906117
4691−[MARC relators]: http://loc.gov/marc/relators/relaterm.html
6118+[MARC relators]: https://loc.gov/marc/relators/relaterm.html
46926119[`spine` element]: http://idpf.org/epub/301/spec/epub-publications.html#sec-spine-elem
46936120
4694−The `epub:type` attribute
4695−-------------------------
6121+## The `epub:type` attribute
46966122
4697−For `epub3` output, you can mark up the header that corresponds to an EPUB
6123+For `epub3` output, you can mark up the heading that corresponds to an EPUB
46986124chapter using the [`epub:type` attribute][epub-type]. For example, to set
46996125the attribute to the value `prologue`, use this markdown:
47006126
@@ -4717,22 +6143,26 @@ abstract frontmatter
47176143acknowledgments frontmatter
47186144copyright-page frontmatter
47196145dedication frontmatter
6146+credits frontmatter
6147+keywords frontmatter
6148+imprint frontmatter
6149+contributors frontmatter
6150+other-credits frontmatter
6151+errata frontmatter
6152+revision-history frontmatter
6153+titlepage frontmatter
6154+halftitlepage frontmatter
6155+seriespage frontmatter
47206156foreword frontmatter
4721−halftitle, frontmatter
4722−introduction frontmatter
47236157preface frontmatter
4724−seriespage frontmatter
4725−titlepage frontmatter
4726−afterword backmatter
47276158appendix backmatter
47286159colophon backmatter
4729−conclusion backmatter
4730−epigraph backmatter
6160+bibliography backmatter
6161+index backmatter
47316162
47326163[epub-type]: http://www.idpf.org/epub/31/spec/epub-contentdocs.html#sec-epub-type-attribute
47336164
4734−Linked media
4735−------------
6165+## Linked media
47366166
47376167By default, pandoc will download media referenced from any `<img>`, `<audio>`,
47386168`<video>` or `<source>` element present in the generated EPUB,
@@ -4742,13 +6172,137 @@ instead, use raw HTML in your source and add `data-external="1"` to the tag
47426172with the `src` attribute. For example:
47436173
47446174 <audio controls="1">
4745− <source src="http://example.com/music/toccata.mp3"
6175+ <source src="https://example.com/music/toccata.mp3"
47466176 data-external="1" type="audio/mpeg">
47476177 </source>
47486178 </audio>
47496179
4750−Syntax highlighting
4751−===================
6180+# Jupyter notebooks
6181+
6182+When creating a [Jupyter notebook], pandoc will try to infer the
6183+notebook structure. Code blocks with the class `code` will be
6184+taken as code cells, and intervening content will be taken as
6185+Markdown cells. Attachments will automatically be created for
6186+images in Markdown cells. Metadata will be taken from the
6187+`jupyter` metadata field. For example:
6188+
6189+````
6190+---
6191+title: My notebook
6192+jupyter:
6193+ nbformat: 4
6194+ nbformat_minor: 5
6195+ kernelspec:
6196+ display_name: Python 2
6197+ language: python
6198+ name: python2
6199+ language_info:
6200+ codemirror_mode:
6201+ name: ipython
6202+ version: 2
6203+ file_extension: ".py"
6204+ mimetype: "text/x-python"
6205+ name: "python"
6206+ nbconvert_exporter: "python"
6207+ pygments_lexer: "ipython2"
6208+ version: "2.7.15"
6209+---
6210+
6211+# Lorem ipsum
6212+
6213+**Lorem ipsum** dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Nunc luctus
6214+bibendum felis dictum sodales.
6215+
6216+``` code
6217+print("hello")
6218+```
6219+
6220+## Pyout
6221+
6222+``` code
6223+from IPython.display import HTML
6224+HTML("""
6225+<script>
6226+console.log("hello");
6227+</script>
6228+<b>HTML</b>
6229+""")
6230+```
6231+
6232+## Image
6233+
6234+This image  will be
6235+included as a cell attachment.
6236+````
6237+
6238+If you want to add cell attributes, group cells differently, or
6239+add output to code cells, then you need to include divs to
6240+indicate the structure. You can use either [fenced
6241+divs][Extension: `fenced_divs`] or [native divs][Extension:
6242+`native_divs`] for this. Here is an example:
6243+
6244+````
6245+:::::: {.cell .markdown}
6246+# Lorem
6247+
6248+**Lorem ipsum** dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Nunc luctus
6249+bibendum felis dictum sodales.
6250+::::::
6251+
6252+:::::: {.cell .code execution_count=1}
6253+``` {.python}
6254+print("hello")
6255+```
6256+
6257+::: {.output .stream .stdout}
6258+```
6259+hello
6260+```
6261+:::
6262+::::::
6263+
6264+:::::: {.cell .code execution_count=2}
6265+``` {.python}
6266+from IPython.display import HTML
6267+HTML("""
6268+<script>
6269+console.log("hello");
6270+</script>
6271+<b>HTML</b>
6272+""")
6273+```
6274+
6275+::: {.output .execute_result execution_count=2}
6276+```{=html}
6277+<script>
6278+console.log("hello");
6279+</script>
6280+<b>HTML</b>
6281+hello
6282+```
6283+:::
6284+::::::
6285+````
6286+
6287+If you include raw HTML or TeX in an output cell, use the
6288+[raw attribute][Extension: `fenced_attribute`], as shown
6289+in the last cell of the example above. Although pandoc can
6290+process "bare" raw HTML and TeX, the result is often
6291+interspersed raw elements and normal textual elements, and
6292+in an output cell pandoc expects a single, connected raw
6293+block. To avoid using raw HTML or TeX except when
6294+marked explicitly using raw attributes, we recommend
6295+specifying the extensions `-raw_html-raw_tex+raw_attribute` when
6296+translating between Markdown and ipynb notebooks.
6297+
6298+Note that options and extensions that affect reading and
6299+writing of Markdown will also affect Markdown cells in ipynb
6300+notebooks. For example, `--wrap=preserve` will preserve
6301+soft line breaks in Markdown cells; `--atx-headers` will
6302+cause ATX-style headings to be used; and `--preserve-tabs` will
6303+prevent tabs from being turned to spaces.
6304+
6305+# Syntax highlighting
47526306
47536307Pandoc will automatically highlight syntax in [fenced code blocks] that
47546308are marked with a language name. The Haskell library [skylighting] is
@@ -4776,7 +6330,7 @@ Then edit `my.theme` and use it like this:
47766330If you are not satisfied with the built-in highlighting, or you
47776331want highlight a language that isn't supported, you can use the
47786332`--syntax-definition` option to load a [KDE-style XML syntax definition
4779−file](https://docs.kde.org/stable5/en/applications/katepart/highlight.html).
6333+file](https://docs.kde.org/stable5/en/kate/katepart/highlight.html).
47806334Before writing your own, have a look at KDE's [repository of syntax
47816335definitions](https://github.com/KDE/syntax-highlighting/tree/master/data/syntax).
47826336
@@ -4784,13 +6338,58 @@ To disable highlighting, use the `--no-highlight` option.
47846338
47856339[skylighting]: https://github.com/jgm/skylighting
47866340
4787−Custom Styles
4788−=============
6341+# Custom Styles
47896342
47906343Custom styles can be used in the docx and ICML formats.
47916344
4792−Input
4793−-----
6345+## Output
6346+
6347+By default, pandoc's docx and ICML output applies a predefined set of styles
6348+for blocks such as paragraphs and block quotes, and uses largely default
6349+formatting (italics, bold) for inlines. This will work for most
6350+purposes, especially alongside a `reference.docx` file. However, if you
6351+need to apply your own styles to blocks, or match a preexisting set of
6352+styles, pandoc allows you to define custom styles for blocks and text
6353+using `div`s and `span`s, respectively.
6354+
6355+If you define a `div` or `span` with the attribute `custom-style`,
6356+pandoc will apply your specified style to the contained elements (with
6357+the exception of elements whose function depends on a style, like
6358+headings, code blocks, block quotes, or links). So, for example, using
6359+the `bracketed_spans` syntax,
6360+
6361+ [Get out]{custom-style="Emphatically"}, he said.
6362+
6363+would produce a docx file with "Get out" styled with character
6364+style `Emphatically`. Similarly, using the `fenced_divs` syntax,
6365+
6366+ Dickinson starts the poem simply:
6367+
6368+ ::: {custom-style="Poetry"}
6369+ | A Bird came down the Walk---
6370+ | He did not know I saw---
6371+ :::
6372+
6373+would style the two contained lines with the `Poetry` paragraph style.
6374+
6375+For docx output, styles will be defined in the output file as inheriting
6376+from normal text, if the styles are not yet in your reference.docx.
6377+If they are already defined, pandoc will not alter the definition.
6378+
6379+This feature allows for greatest customization in conjunction with
6380+[pandoc filters]. If you want all paragraphs after block quotes to be
6381+indented, you can write a filter to apply the styles necessary. If you
6382+want all italics to be transformed to the `Emphasis` character style
6383+(perhaps to change their color), you can write a filter which will
6384+transform all italicized inlines to inlines within an `Emphasis`
6385+custom-style `span`.
6386+
6387+For docx output, you don't need to enable any extensions for
6388+custom styles to work.
6389+
6390+[pandoc filters]: https://pandoc.org/filters.html
6391+
6392+## Input
47946393
47956394The docx reader, by default, only reads those styles that it can
47966395convert into pandoc elements, either by direct conversion or
@@ -4819,17 +6418,17 @@ And with the extension:
48196418
48206419 $ pandoc test/docx/custom-style-reference.docx -f docx+styles -t markdown
48216420
4822− ::: {custom-style="FirstParagraph"}
6421+ ::: {custom-style="First Paragraph"}
48236422 This is some text.
48246423 :::
48256424
4826− ::: {custom-style="BodyText"}
6425+ ::: {custom-style="Body Text"}
48276426 This is text with an [emphasized]{custom-style="Emphatic"} text style.
48286427 And this is text with a [strengthened]{custom-style="Strengthened"}
48296428 text style.
48306429 :::
48316430
4832− ::: {custom-style="MyBlockStyle"}
6431+ ::: {custom-style="My Block Style"}
48336432 > Here is a styled paragraph that inherits from Block Text.
48346433 :::
48356434
@@ -4837,70 +6436,47 @@ With these custom styles, you can use your input document as a
48376436reference-doc while creating docx output (see below), and maintain the
48386437same styles in your input and output files.
48396438
4840−Output
4841−------
4842−
4843−By default, pandoc's docx and ICML output applies a predefined set of styles
4844−for blocks such as paragraphs and block quotes, and uses largely default
4845−formatting (italics, bold) for inlines. This will work for most
4846−purposes, especially alongside a `reference.docx` file. However, if you
4847−need to apply your own styles to blocks, or match a preexisting set of
4848−styles, pandoc allows you to define custom styles for blocks and text
4849−using `div`s and `span`s, respectively.
4850−
4851−If you define a `div` or `span` with the attribute `custom-style`,
4852−pandoc will apply your specified style to the contained elements. So,
4853−for example using the `bracketed_spans` syntax,
4854−
4855− [Get out]{custom-style="Emphatically"}, he said.
4856−
4857−would produce a docx file with "Get out" styled with character
4858−style `Emphatically`. Similarly, using the `fenced_divs` syntax,
4859−
4860− Dickinson starts the poem simply:
4861−
4862− ::: {custom-style="Poetry"}
4863− | A Bird came down the Walk---
4864− | He did not know I saw---
4865− :::
4866−
4867−would style the two contained lines with the `Poetry` paragraph style.
4868−
4869−For docx output, styles will be defined in the output file as inheriting
4870−from normal text, if the styles are not yet in your reference.docx.
4871−If they are already defined, pandoc will not alter the definition.
4872−
4873−This feature allows for greatest customization in conjunction with
4874−[pandoc filters]. If you want all paragraphs after block quotes to be
4875−indented, you can write a filter to apply the styles necessary. If you
4876−want all italics to be transformed to the `Emphasis` character style
4877−(perhaps to change their color), you can write a filter which will
4878−transform all italicized inlines to inlines within an `Emphasis`
4879−custom-style `span`.
4880−
4881−[pandoc filters]: http://pandoc.org/filters.html
4882−
4883−Custom writers
4884−==============
6439+# Custom writers
48856440
4886−Pandoc can be extended with custom writers written in [lua]. (Pandoc
4887−includes a lua interpreter, so lua need not be installed separately.)
6441+Pandoc can be extended with custom writers written in [Lua]. (Pandoc
6442+includes a Lua interpreter, so Lua need not be installed separately.)
48886443
4889−To use a custom writer, simply specify the path to the lua script
6444+To use a custom writer, simply specify the path to the Lua script
48906445in place of the output format. For example:
48916446
48926447 pandoc -t data/sample.lua
48936448
4894−Creating a custom writer requires writing a lua function for each
6449+Creating a custom writer requires writing a Lua function for each
48956450possible element in a pandoc document. To get a documented example
48966451which you can modify according to your needs, do
48976452
48986453 pandoc --print-default-data-file sample.lua
48996454
4900−[lua]: http://www.lua.org
6455+Note that custom writers have no default template. If you want
6456+to use `--standalone` with a custom writer, you will need to
6457+specify a template manually using `--template` or add a new
6458+default template with the name
6459+`default.NAME_OF_CUSTOM_WRITER.lua` to the `templates`
6460+subdirectory of your user data directory (see [Templates]).
6461+
6462+[Lua]: https://www.lua.org
6463+
6464+# Reproducible builds
6465+
6466+Some of the document formats pandoc targets (such as EPUB,
6467+docx, and ODT) include build timestamps in the generated document.
6468+That means that the files generated on successive builds will
6469+differ, even if the source does not. To avoid this, set the
6470+`SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH` environment variable, and the timestamp will
6471+be taken from it instead of the current time.
6472+`SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH` should contain an integer unix timestamp
6473+(specifying the number of second since midnight UTC January 1, 1970).
6474+
6475+Some document formats also include a unique identifier. For
6476+EPUB, this can be set explicitly by setting the `identifier`
6477+metadata field (see [EPUB Metadata], above).
49016478
4902−A note on security
4903−==================
6479+# A note on security
49046480
49056481If you use pandoc to convert user-contributed content in a web
49066482application, here are some things to keep in mind:
@@ -4915,7 +6491,7 @@ application, here are some things to keep in mind:
49156491 shelling out to the executable), it is possible to use it in a mode
49166492 that fully isolates pandoc from your file system, by running the
49176493 pandoc operations in the `PandocPure` monad. See the document
4918− [Using the pandoc API](http://pandoc.org/using-the-pandoc-api.html)
6494+ [Using the pandoc API](https://pandoc.org/using-the-pandoc-api.html)
49196495 for more details.
49206496
492164973. Pandoc's parsers can exhibit pathological performance on some
@@ -4928,17 +6504,17 @@ application, here are some things to keep in mind:
492865044. The HTML generated by pandoc is not guaranteed to be safe.
49296505 If `raw_html` is enabled for the Markdown input, users can
49306506 inject arbitrary HTML. Even if `raw_html` is disabled,
4931− users can include dangerous content in attributes for
4932− headers, spans, and code blocks. To be safe, you should
4933− run all the generated HTML through an HTML sanitizer.
6507+ users can include dangerous content in URLs and attributes.
6508+ To be safe, you should run all the generated HTML through
6509+ an HTML sanitizer.
49346510
4935−Authors
4936−=======
6511+# Authors
49376512
4938−Copyright 2006-2017 John MacFarlane (jgm@berkeley.edu). Released
6513+Copyright 2006--2021 John MacFarlane (jgm@berkeley.edu). Released
49396514under the [GPL], version 2 or greater. This software carries no
49406515warranty of any kind. (See COPYRIGHT for full copyright and
49416516warranty notices.) For a full list of contributors, see the file
49426517AUTHORS.md in the pandoc source code.
49436518
4944−[GPL]: http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html "GNU General Public License"
6519+[GPL]: https://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html "GNU General Public License"
6520+[YAML]: https://yaml.org/spec/1.2/spec.html "YAML v1.2 Spec"