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content/understanding-urbit/history-people.md+3−3
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@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ Today, Urbit is built and maintained by two companies, a community of contributo
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16Let’s talk first about these individual groups within the Urbit community, then about the history of the project and how it came to be.
16Let’s talk first about these individual groups within the Urbit community, then about the history of the project and how it came to be.
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18−![](https://media.urbit.org/site/understanding-urbit/your-last-computer/your-last-computer-waves%402x.png)
18+![](https://media.urbit.org/site/understanding-urbit/project-history/project-status-landscape-earth@2x.png)
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20There are currently two independent companies that work on building Urbit full-time: [Tlon](https://tlon.io/) and [urbit.live](https://urbit.live/).
20There are currently two independent companies that work on building Urbit full-time: [Tlon](https://tlon.io/) and [urbit.live](https://urbit.live/).
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40We also run a bi-monthly course called ‘Hoon School’ to teach people about the system. Hoon School is designed for anyone with the most basic technical skills — you don’t have to be an expert programmer. If you’re interested, you should [apply](community/hoonschool). We accept everyone we can and only close the class when it gets too big.
40We also run a bi-monthly course called ‘Hoon School’ to teach people about the system. Hoon School is designed for anyone with the most basic technical skills — you don’t have to be an expert programmer. If you’re interested, you should [apply](community/hoonschool). We accept everyone we can and only close the class when it gets too big.
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42−![](https://media.urbit.org/site/understanding-urbit/your-last-computer/your-last-computer-waves%402x.png)
42+![](https://media.urbit.org/site/understanding-urbit/project-history/history-4.svg)
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44At the beginning, Urbit was just a few people with the right combination of imagination and discipline to try to rebuild computing.
44At the beginning, Urbit was just a few people with the right combination of imagination and discipline to try to rebuild computing.
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772019
772019
78Tlon spends the year stabilizing Arvo and building OS 1.
78Tlon spends the year stabilizing Arvo and building OS 1.
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80−![](https://media.urbit.org/site/understanding-urbit/your-last-computer/your-last-computer-waves%402x.png)
80+![](https://media.urbit.org/site/understanding-urbit/uu-history-4.jpg)
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82Building Urbit is about building a future where technology doesn’t control us. Instead, we look forward to a future where technology is simpler, more reliable and less invasive.
82Building Urbit is about building a future where technology doesn’t control us. Instead, we look forward to a future where technology is simpler, more reliable and less invasive.
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content/understanding-urbit/roadmap.md+7−5
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15Let’s walk through the sequence of milestones we have planned for 2020 and 2021.
15Let’s walk through the sequence of milestones we have planned for 2020 and 2021.
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18−![](https://media.urbit.org/site/understanding-urbit/your-last-computer/your-last-computer-waves%402x.png)
18+![](https://media.urbit.org/site/understanding-urbit/project-history/project-status-landscape%402x.png)
19OS 0
19OS 0
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26Urbit is a community project, and the community hangs out on OS 0 to communicate and coordinate about developing the system. Come join us if you’d like to help, or just want to follow along as the system progresses.
26Urbit is a community project, and the community hangs out on OS 0 to communicate and coordinate about developing the system. Come join us if you’d like to help, or just want to follow along as the system progresses.
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29−![](https://media.urbit.org/site/understanding-urbit/your-last-computer/your-last-computer-waves%402x.png)
30+![](https://media.urbit.org/site/understanding-urbit/uu-roadmap-2.png)
30OS 1
31OS 1
31Q1 2020
32Q1 2020
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45OS 2 is where Urbit gets easier for a broader audience to try out.
46OS 2 is where Urbit gets easier for a broader audience to try out.
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48−![](https://media.urbit.org/site/understanding-urbit/your-last-computer/your-last-computer-waves%402x.png)
50+![](https://media.urbit.org/site/understanding-urbit/uu-roadmap-3.png)
49OS 2
51OS 2
50Q2 2020
52Q2 2020
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58While OS 2 is a big improvement, it’s still not audited to be secure. Turning that corner happens with OS 3.
60While OS 2 is a big improvement, it’s still not audited to be secure. Turning that corner happens with OS 3.
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61−![](https://media.urbit.org/site/understanding-urbit/your-last-computer/your-last-computer-waves%402x.png)
64+![](https://media.urbit.org/site/understanding-urbit/uu-roadmap-4.png)
62OS 3
65OS 3
632021
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73OS 3 is ready for a small law firm, or an extended family, or the crypto syndicate you’ve been thinking of starting. Or, why not, go ahead and use OS 3 to launch that digital country you’ve been meaning to start.
76OS 3 is ready for a small law firm, or an extended family, or the crypto syndicate you’ve been thinking of starting. Or, why not, go ahead and use OS 3 to launch that digital country you’ve been meaning to start.
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76Where will Urbit be in 2022 or 2023? We can’t be sure exactly. We do have our eyes set on 2030 — when Urbit should be the primary platform for people to communicate and collaborate. We think our next steps are clear and we’re on the right path.
78Where will Urbit be in 2022 or 2023? We can’t be sure exactly. We do have our eyes set on 2030 — when Urbit should be the primary platform for people to communicate and collaborate. We think our next steps are clear and we’re on the right path.
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78By this point you might be wondering, who built this thing? Where did it come from? That’s next.
80By this point you might be wondering, who built this thing? Where did it come from? That’s next.
content/understanding-urbit/urbit-id.md+5−5
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16Let’s talk first about what an Urbit ID is and what it does. Then we’ll cover our design goals and how the system works overall.
16Let’s talk first about what an Urbit ID is and what it does. Then we’ll cover our design goals and how the system works overall.
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18−![](https://media.urbit.org/site/understanding-urbit/your-last-computer/your-last-computer-waves%402x.png)
18+![](https://media.urbit.org/site/understanding-urbit/urbit-id/urbit-id-cards%402x.png)
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20Your Urbit ID is a short, four-syllable name like `~ravmel-ropdyl` that you own with an eight-syllable master passkey like `~palfun-foslup-fallyn-balfus`. This name and key lets you log into Urbit OS, and it’s used to encrypt packets you send over the Urbit network. Soon it will also be a master key that allows holding and sending of Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies. Your Urbit ID and passkey belong to you like any other cryptographic assets. No one can take them away from you (just make sure to store the key safely).
20Your Urbit ID is a short, four-syllable name like `~ravmel-ropdyl` that you own with an eight-syllable master passkey like `~palfun-foslup-fallyn-balfus`. This name and key lets you log into Urbit OS, and it’s used to encrypt packets you send over the Urbit network. Soon it will also be a master key that allows holding and sending of Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies. Your Urbit ID and passkey belong to you like any other cryptographic assets. No one can take them away from you (just make sure to store the key safely).
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28Since the Urbit ID registry is live and deployed you can even [look at the chain](https://github.com/urbit/azimuth#live-contracts).
28Since the Urbit ID registry is live and deployed you can even [look at the chain](https://github.com/urbit/azimuth#live-contracts).
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30−![](https://media.urbit.org/site/understanding-urbit/your-last-computer/your-last-computer-waves%402x.png)
30+![](https://media.urbit.org/site/understanding-urbit/urbit-id/urbit-id-paperwallet%402x.png)
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32Each Urbit ID is really just a number. From that number we generate a pronounceable name and a visually identifiable sigil. `~dalwel-fadrun` is `3,509,632,436`, for example.
32Each Urbit ID is really just a number. From that number we generate a pronounceable name and a visually identifiable sigil. `~dalwel-fadrun` is `3,509,632,436`, for example.
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38And that's it. It's a simple system. What's important is why it is the way it is. Let's take a look at that.
38And that's it. It's a simple system. What's important is why it is the way it is. Let's take a look at that.
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40−![](https://media.urbit.org/site/understanding-urbit/your-last-computer/your-last-computer-waves%402x.png)
40+![](https://media.urbit.org/site/understanding-urbit/urbit-id/urbit-id-address-space-1.svg)
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42At a high level, there are three important things to understand about the overall Urbit ID system design.
42At a high level, there are three important things to understand about the overall Urbit ID system design.
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54Your relationship with your sponsor should be sort of like your ISP or a utility provider: a passive, non-invasive relationship. If it isn’t to your liking, moving to a new sponsor is very easy.
54Your relationship with your sponsor should be sort of like your ISP or a utility provider: a passive, non-invasive relationship. If it isn’t to your liking, moving to a new sponsor is very easy.
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56−![](https://media.urbit.org/site/understanding-urbit/your-last-computer/your-last-computer-waves%402x.png)
56+![](https://media.urbit.org/site/understanding-urbit/urbit-id/urbit-id-sigils%402x.png)
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58Urbit IDs are property, and we think of the entire registry of Urbit IDs as a vast territory of digital land.
58Urbit IDs are property, and we think of the entire registry of Urbit IDs as a vast territory of digital land.
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62When we launched the Urbit ID system, in January of 2019, there were a couple thousand different star and galaxy holders acting as stewards of this digital land. Since then, that number has been steadily on the rise.
62When we launched the Urbit ID system, in January of 2019, there were a couple thousand different star and galaxy holders acting as stewards of this digital land. Since then, that number has been steadily on the rise.
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64−![](https://media.urbit.org/site/understanding-urbit/your-last-computer/your-last-computer-waves%402x.png)
64+![](https://media.urbit.org/site/understanding-urbit/project-history/uu-id-5.jpg)
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66Ultimately, we want your Urbit ID to feel like a civilizational key. If your Urbit ID were a piece of hardware, you could tap it to unlock a door, swipe it to buy a coffee, and plug it into any computer to log in. Your Urbit ID should be a unique, beautiful object that’s both an address and a wallet. It’s a key to a secret club and the ticket to your digital life.
66Ultimately, we want your Urbit ID to feel like a civilizational key. If your Urbit ID were a piece of hardware, you could tap it to unlock a door, swipe it to buy a coffee, and plug it into any computer to log in. Your Urbit ID should be a unique, beautiful object that’s both an address and a wallet. It’s a key to a secret club and the ticket to your digital life.
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content/understanding-urbit/urbit-os.md+4−4
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12For the most part, we use our laptops simply as access points to MEGACORP services. Our phones are the same. These services are amazing and convenient. But for that convenience we’ve traded away control, ownership and privacy. The way we live our digital lives is completely out of our hands.
12For the most part, we use our laptops simply as access points to MEGACORP services. Our phones are the same. These services are amazing and convenient. But for that convenience we’ve traded away control, ownership and privacy. The way we live our digital lives is completely out of our hands.
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14−![](https://media.urbit.org/site/understanding-urbit/your-last-computer/your-last-computer-waves%402x.png)
14+![](https://storage.googleapis.com/media.urbit.org/site/understanding-urbit/intro/intro-5.jpg)
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16Today’s MEGACORP monopolies retain their control because of one central technical advantage: they make the server side usable.
16Today’s MEGACORP monopolies retain their control because of one central technical advantage: they make the server side usable.
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26If you’d like to skip ahead to what Urbit will be like to use [go ahead](/understanding-urbit/urbitos1-osn). Or if you’re someone who just wants to head to the source, [it’s here](https://github.com/urbit/urbit#urbit). In that case you may also want to [read the docs](https://urbit.org/docs/) to get up and running.
26If you’d like to skip ahead to what Urbit will be like to use [go ahead](/understanding-urbit/urbitos1-osn). Or if you’re someone who just wants to head to the source, [it’s here](https://github.com/urbit/urbit#urbit). In that case you may also want to [read the docs](https://urbit.org/docs/) to get up and running.
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28−![](https://media.urbit.org/site/understanding-urbit/your-last-computer/your-last-computer-waves%402x.png)
28+![](https://media.urbit.org/site/understanding-urbit/technical-overview/technical-overview-kernel@2x.png)
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30Urbit OS is a completely new, carefully architected software stack: a VM, programming language, and kernel designed to run software for an individual. Urbit OS is a program that runs on almost any cloud server, most laptops and many phones: anything with Unix and an internet connection.
30Urbit OS is a completely new, carefully architected software stack: a VM, programming language, and kernel designed to run software for an individual. Urbit OS is a program that runs on almost any cloud server, most laptops and many phones: anything with Unix and an internet connection.
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40Since Nock is a protocol for computing itself, any two nodes on the urbit network can easily share data, communicate and connect their software. 20th century systems could never do this without a MEGACORP acting as the intermediary.
40Since Nock is a protocol for computing itself, any two nodes on the urbit network can easily share data, communicate and connect their software. 20th century systems could never do this without a MEGACORP acting as the intermediary.
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42−![](https://media.urbit.org/site/understanding-urbit/your-last-computer/your-last-computer-waves%402x.png)
42+![](https://media.urbit.org/site/understanding-urbit/network-os/urbit-os-diagram-apart.svg)
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44On top of this tiny VM we built a self-hosting, purely functional programming language, a kernel written in that language and a set of kernel modules that serve all the needs of personal computing. Specifically: a filesystem, build system, application sandbox, secret storage, web server, terminal driver and a networking protocol.
44On top of this tiny VM we built a self-hosting, purely functional programming language, a kernel written in that language and a set of kernel modules that serve all the needs of personal computing. Specifically: a filesystem, build system, application sandbox, secret storage, web server, terminal driver and a networking protocol.
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46This sounds like a lot — but the whole stack is incredibly compact. The whole system clocks in at around 50K lines of code. We’ve seen individual developers understand the entire thing. Who is the last person you met that actually understands their entire computer? Urbit OS is like the 1968 Porsche 911 of operating systems: extremely simple, elegant, and built for the individual.
46This sounds like a lot — but the whole stack is incredibly compact. The whole system clocks in at around 50K lines of code. We’ve seen individual developers understand the entire thing. Who is the last person you met that actually understands their entire computer? Urbit OS is like the 1968 Porsche 911 of operating systems: extremely simple, elegant, and built for the individual.
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48−![](https://media.urbit.org/site/understanding-urbit/your-last-computer/your-last-computer-waves%402x.png)
48+![](https://media.urbit.org/site/understanding-urbit/project-history/uu-os-4.jpg)
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50But why did we build all this technology?
50But why did we build all this technology?
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content/understanding-urbit/urbitos1-osn.md+2−2
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21We’ve got a pretty clear picture of OS 1, 2 and 3 which we’ll explain in [the roadmap](/understanding-urbit/roadmap). Here, we’ll focus on the vision for Urbit as a user experience.
21We’ve got a pretty clear picture of OS 1, 2 and 3 which we’ll explain in [the roadmap](/understanding-urbit/roadmap). Here, we’ll focus on the vision for Urbit as a user experience.
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23−![](https://media.urbit.org/site/understanding-urbit/your-last-computer/your-last-computer-waves%402x.png)
23+![](https://media.urbit.org/site/understanding-urbit/project-history/uu-osn-1.svg)
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25In the current world of apps and services, there’s no operating system in any meaningful sense. Our laptops and phones just let us switch between services. Our communities, co-workers and lives are spread between these services — and the work of combining them is left to the user. You have to remember all your passwords, who sent what message where, what files are on which platform, and so on.
25In the current world of apps and services, there’s no operating system in any meaningful sense. Our laptops and phones just let us switch between services. Our communities, co-workers and lives are spread between these services — and the work of combining them is left to the user. You have to remember all your passwords, who sent what message where, what files are on which platform, and so on.
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43Creating a group and customizing the modules it shares is easy. Building a new module is pretty straightforward as well, no more difficult than building an iOS app — although you do have to learn about the Urbit stack.
43Creating a group and customizing the modules it shares is easy. Building a new module is pretty straightforward as well, no more difficult than building an iOS app — although you do have to learn about the Urbit stack.
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45−![](https://media.urbit.org/site/understanding-urbit/your-last-computer/your-last-computer-waves%402x.png)
45+![](https://media.urbit.org/site/understanding-urbit/uu-osn-3.svg)
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47We think this basic metaphor can scale, over time, to be useful in many different contexts.
47We think this basic metaphor can scale, over time, to be useful in many different contexts.
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templates/understanding-urbit/list.html+2−2
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44 <p class="full mt0 mb4 mb4-xl lh-copy b">1 - Technology</p>
44 <p class="full mt0 mb4 mb4-xl lh-copy b">1 - Technology</p>
45 <p class="full mt0 mb4 mb4-xl lh-copy">Technically, Urbit is two components: Urbit OS and Urbit ID.</p>
45 <p class="full mt0 mb4 mb4-xl lh-copy">Technically, Urbit is two components: Urbit OS and Urbit ID.</p>
46 <p class="full mt0 mb4 mb4-xl lh-copy">Both are completely <a class="bb" href="/understanding-urbit/urbit-os">open</a> <a class="bb" href="/understanding-urbit/urbit-id">source</a> and MIT licensed.</p>
46 <p class="full mt0 mb4 mb4-xl lh-copy">Both are completely <a class="bb" href="/understanding-urbit/urbit-os">open</a> <a class="bb" href="/understanding-urbit/urbit-id">source</a> and MIT licensed.</p>
47− <img class="full mb4" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/media.urbit.org/site/understanding-urbit/intro/intro-0.jpg"/>
47+ <img class="full mb4" src="https://media.urbit.org/site/understanding-urbit/project-history/intro-os.svg"/>
48 <p class="full mt0 mb4 mb4-xl lh-copy">Urbit OS is a new, carefully architected software stack: a VM, programming language and kernel designed to run software for an individual. </p>
48 <p class="full mt0 mb4 mb4-xl lh-copy">Urbit OS is a new, carefully architected software stack: a VM, programming language and kernel designed to run software for an individual. </p>
49 <p class="full mt0 mb4 mb4-xl lh-copy">Urbit OS is a program that runs on almost any cloud server, most laptops and many phones: anything with Unix and an internet connection. Urbit OS is completely sealed from the system it runs on, sort of like WASM or the JVM. We sometimes call it an ‘overlay OS’.</p>
49 <p class="full mt0 mb4 mb4-xl lh-copy">Urbit OS is a program that runs on almost any cloud server, most laptops and many phones: anything with Unix and an internet connection. Urbit OS is completely sealed from the system it runs on, sort of like WASM or the JVM. We sometimes call it an ‘overlay OS’.</p>
50 <p class="full mt0 mb4 mb4-xl lh-copy">In an Urbit world, each person has their own Urbit OS node, or ‘urbit’. Your urbit is secure and private to you and entirely under your control. When you want to connect with others, you connect to their urbit directly — rather than going through a centralized service. </p>
50 <p class="full mt0 mb4 mb4-xl lh-copy">In an Urbit world, each person has their own Urbit OS node, or ‘urbit’. Your urbit is secure and private to you and entirely under your control. When you want to connect with others, you connect to their urbit directly — rather than going through a centralized service. </p>
51 <p class="full mt0 mb4 mb4-xl lh-copy">If you’re curious to dive even deeper into Urbit OS, feel free to <a class="bb" href="/understanding-urbit/urbit-os">skip ahead</a>.</p>
51 <p class="full mt0 mb4 mb4-xl lh-copy">If you’re curious to dive even deeper into Urbit OS, feel free to <a class="bb" href="/understanding-urbit/urbit-os">skip ahead</a>.</p>
52− <img class="full mb4" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/media.urbit.org/site/understanding-urbit/intro/intro-0.jpg"/>
52+ <img class="full mb4" src="https://media.urbit.org/site/understanding-urbit/project-history/intro-id.svg"/>
53 <p class="full mt0 mb4 mb4-xl lh-copy">Urbit ID is an identity and authentication system specifically designed to work with Urbit OS. When you boot or log in to Urbit OS, you use your Urbit ID. </p>
53 <p class="full mt0 mb4 mb4-xl lh-copy">Urbit ID is an identity and authentication system specifically designed to work with Urbit OS. When you boot or log in to Urbit OS, you use your Urbit ID. </p>
54 <p class="full mt0 mb4 mb4-xl lh-copy">Your Urbit ID is a short, memorable name (like </code>~ravmel-ropdyl</code>) that’s a username, network address and crypto wallet all in one. It’s registered on a blockchain, you own it with a key and no one can take it away from you. Urbit IDs are cryptographic property. </p>
54 <p class="full mt0 mb4 mb4-xl lh-copy">Your Urbit ID is a short, memorable name (like </code>~ravmel-ropdyl</code>) that’s a username, network address and crypto wallet all in one. It’s registered on a blockchain, you own it with a key and no one can take it away from you. Urbit IDs are cryptographic property. </p>
55 <p class="full mt0 mb4 mb4-xl lh-copy">Urbit IDs aren’t money, but they are scarce, so each one costs something. This means that when you meet a stranger on the Urbit network, they have some skin in the game and are less likely to be a bot or a spammer.</p>
55 <p class="full mt0 mb4 mb4-xl lh-copy">Urbit IDs aren’t money, but they are scarce, so each one costs something. This means that when you meet a stranger on the Urbit network, they have some skin in the game and are less likely to be a bot or a spammer.</p>