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update 1a.md

5b5ac86rmariani8 years ago

docs/hoon/library/1a.md+248−482

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unifiedsplit

@@ -25,23 +25,37 @@ An atom.

25Source

26------

28− ++ add :: add

28+ ++ add

29 ~/ %add

30 |= [a=@ b=@]

31 ^- @

32 ?: =(0 a) b

33 $(a (dec a), b +(b))

34−

34+::

35Examples

36--------

38 > (add 2 2)

39 4

40+

40 > (add 1 1.000.000)

41 > (add 1 1.000.000)

41 1.000.001

42 1.000.001

43+

42 > (add 1.333 (mul 2 2))

44 > (add 1.333 (mul 2 2))

43 1.337

45 1.337

47+ > `@`'a' ::`'a'` is an atom represented as a different data type.

48+ 97 We cast it to the aura `@` to see what its integer representation is.

49+ > (add 'a' 4)

50+ 101

51+ (add 'a' 'b')

52+ 195

53+

54+ > (add 0xc 0xf) ::`0xc` and `0xf` are of the hexadecimal soft atom type (`@ux`).

55+ 27

56+ > `@ux`(add 0xc 0xf)

57+ 0x1b

58+

45***

59***

46### `++dec`

60### `++dec`

@@ -62,7 +76,7 @@ An atom.

62Source

76Source

63------

77------

65− ++ dec :: decrement

79+ ++ dec

66 ~/ %dec

80 ~/ %dec

67 |= a=@

81 |= a=@

68 ~_ leaf+"decrement-underflow"

82 ~_ leaf+"decrement-underflow"

@@ -71,16 +85,26 @@ Source

71 |- ^- @

85 |- ^- @

72 ?: =(a +(b)) b

86 ?: =(a +(b)) b

73 $(b +(b))

87 $(b +(b))

74−

88+::

75Examples

89Examples

76--------

90--------

78 > (dec 7)

92 > (dec 7)

79 6

93 6

94+

80 > (dec 0)

95 > (dec 0)

81 ! decrement-underflow

96 ! decrement-underflow

82 ! exit

97 ! exit

99+ > (dec 'b')

100+ 97

101+ > `@t`(dec 'b')

102+ 'a'

103+

104+ > (dec 0xc)

105+ 11

106+ > `@ux`(dec 0xc)

107+ 0xb

108

109

86***

110***

@@ -88,7 +112,7 @@ Examples

112

89Divide

113Divide

114

91−Computes `a` divided by `b`.

115+Computes `a` divided by `b`. Only a whole number, without the remainder, is produced.

116

93Accepts

117Accepts

94-------

118-------

@@ -105,10 +129,9 @@ An atom.

105Source

129Source

106------

130------

107

131

108− ++ div :: divide

132+ ++ div

109 ~/ %div

133 ~/ %div

110 |: [a=`@`1 b=`@`1]

134 |: [a=`@`1 b=`@`1]

111− :> quotient

112 ^- @

135 ^- @

113 ~_ leaf+"divide-by-zero"

136 ~_ leaf+"divide-by-zero"

114 ?< =(0 b)

137 ?< =(0 b)

@@ -117,477 +140,92 @@ Source

117 ?: (lth a b) c

140 ?: (lth a b) c

118 $(a (sub a b), c +(c))

141 $(a (sub a b), c +(c))

119 ::

142 ::

120−

121Examples

143Examples

122--------

144--------

123

145

124 > (div 4 2)

146 > (div 4 2)

125 2

147 2

148+

126 > (div 17 8)

149 > (div 17 8)

127 2

150 2

128− > (div 20 30)

129− 0

130−

131−

132−***

133−### `++gte`

134−

135−Greater-than/equal

136−

137−Tests whether `a` is greater than a number `b`.

138−

139−Accepts

140−-------

141−

142−`a` is an atom.

143−

144−`b` is an atom.

145−

146−Produces

147−--------

148−

149−A boolean.

150−

151−Source

152−------

153−

154− ++ gte :: greater-equal

155− ~/ %gte

156− |= [a=@ b=@]

157− ^- ?

158− !(lth a b)

159−

160−

161−Examples

162−--------

163−

164− > (gte 100 10)

165− %.y

166− > (gte 4 4)

167− %.y

168− > (gte 3 4)

169− %.n

170−

171−

172−

173−***

174−### `++gth`

175−

176−Greater-than

177−

178−Tests whether `a` is greater than `b`.

179−

180−Accepts

181−-------

182−

183−`a` is an atom.

184−

185−`b` is an atom.

186−

187−Produces

188−--------

189−

190−A boolean.

191−

192−Source

193−------

194−

195− ++ gth :: greater-than

196− ~/ %gth

197− |= [a=@ b=@]

198− ^- ?

199− !(lte a b)

200−

201−

202−

203−Examples

204−--------

205−

206− > (gth 'd' 'c')

207− %.y

208− > (gth ~h1 ~m61)

209− %.n

210−

211−

212−

213−***

214−### `++lte`

215−

216−Less-than/equal

217−

218−Tests whether `a` is less than or equal to `b`.

219−

220−Accepts

221−-------

222−

223−`a` is an atom.

224−

225−`b` is an atom.

226−

227−Produces

228−--------

229−

230−A boolean.

231−

232−Source

233−------

234−

235− ++ lte :: less-equal

236− ~/ %lte

237− |= [a=@ b=@]

238− |(=(a b) (lth a b))

239−

240− ::

241−

242−Examples

243−--------

244−

245− > (lte 4 5)

246− %.y

247− > (lte 5 4)

248− %.n

249− > (lte 5 5)

250− %.y

251− > (lte 0 0)

252− %.y

253−

254−

255−

256−***

257−### `++lth`

258−

259−Less-than

260−

261−Tests whether `a` is less than `b`.

262−

263−Accepts

264−-------

265−

266−`a` is an atom.

267−

268−`b` is an atom.

269−

270−Produces

271−--------

272−

273−A boolean.

274−

275−Source

276−------

277−

278− ++ lth :: less-than

279− ~/ %lth

280− |= [a=@ b=@]

281− ^- ?

282− ?& !=(a b)

283− |-

284− ?| =(0 a)

285− ?& !=(0 b)

286− $(a (dec a), b (dec b))

287− == == ==

288−

289−Examples

290−--------

291−

292− > (lth 4 5)

293− %.y

294− > (lth 5 4)

295− %.n

296− > (lth 5 5)

297− %.n

298− > (lth 5 0)

299− %.n

300−

301−

302−***

303−### `++max`

304−

305−Maximum

306−

307−Computes the greater of `a` and `b`.

308−

309−Accepts

310−-------

311−

312−`a` is an atom.

313

151

314−`b` is an atom.

152+ > (div 20 30)

315−

316−Produces

317−--------

318−

319−An atom.

320−

321−Source

322−------

323−

324− ++ max :: maximum

325− ~/ %max

326− |= [a=@ b=@]

327− ^- @

328− ?: (gth a b) a

329− b

330−

331−Examples

332−--------

333−

334− > (max 10 100)

335− 100

336− > (max 10.443 9)

337− 10.443

338− > (max 0 1)

339− 1

340−

341−

342−

343−***

344−### `++min`

345−

346−Minimum

347−

348−Computes the lesser of `a` and `b`.

349−

350−Accepts

351−-------

352−

353−`a` is an atom.

354−

355−`b` is an atom.

356−

357−Produces

358−--------

359−

360−An atom.

361−

362−Source

363−------

364−

365− ++ min :: minimum

366− ~/ %min

367− |= [a=@ b=@]

368− ^- @

369− ?: (lth a b) a

370− b

371−

372−Examples

373−--------

374−

375− > (min 10 100)

376− 10

377− > (min 10.443 9)

378− 9

379− > (min 0 1)

380 0

153 0

381

154

155+ > (div 'ab' 'a')

156+ 259

157+ > `@`'ab'

158+ 25.185

159+ > `@`a

160+ 97

382

161

162+ > (div 0x9f 0x29)

163+ 6

164+ > `@`0x9f ::`0x9f` is an atom represented in the hexadecimal soft atom type (`@ux`).

165+ 159

166+ > `@`0x29

167+ 41

383

168

384−***

169+ > (div 0x29 0x9f)

385−### `++mod`

386−

387−Modulus

388−

389−Computes the remainder of dividing `a` by `b`.

390−

391−Accepts

392−-------

393−

394−`a` is an atom.

395−

396−`b` is an atom.

397−

398−Produces

399−--------

400−

401−An atom.

402−

403−Source

404−------

405−

406− ++ mod :: remainder

407− ~/ %mod

408− |: [a=`@`1 b=`@`1]

409− ^- @

410− ?< =(0 b)

411− (sub a (mul b (div a b)))

412−

413−

414−Examples

415−--------

416−

417− > (mod 5 2)

418− 1

419− > (mod 5 5)

420 0

170 0

421

171

422−

172+ > (div ~sibtel-tallyd ~zod)

423−

173+ ! exit

424−***

174+ > `@`~sibtel-tallyd

425−### `++mul`

175+ 7.303.014

426−

176+ > `@`~zod ::the above operation returned an error because `~zod` is a representation of `0`.

427−Multiply

428−

429−Multiplies `a` by `b`.

430−

431−Accepts

432−-------

433−

434−`a` is an atom.

435−

436−`b` is an atom.

437−

438−Produces

439−--------

440−

441−An atom.

442−

443−Source

444−------

445−

446− ++ mul :: multiply

447− ~/ %mul

448− |: [a=`@`1 b=`@`1]

449− ^- @

450− =+ c=0

451− |-

452− ?: =(0 a) c

453− $(a (dec a), c (add b c))

454−

455−Examples

456−--------

457−

458− > (mul 3 4)

459− 12

460− > (mul 0 1)

461 0

177 0

462

178

179+ > `@p`2 ::this casts `2` to `@p` to produce the ship name which represents that atom.

180+ ~bud

181+ > (div ~sibtel-tallyd ~bud)

182+ > 3.651.507

463

183

464

184

465***

185***

466−### `++sub`

186+### `++dvr`

467

187

468−Subtract

188+Divide with remainder

469

189

470−Subtracts `b` from `a`.

190+Computes `a` divided by `b` and the remainder of that operation.

471−

472−Accepts

473−-------

474−

475−`a` is an atom.

476−

477−`b` is an atom.

478

191

479Produces

192Produces

480−--------

481−

482−An atom.

483−

484−Source

485−------

486−

487− ++ sub :: subtract

488− ~/ %sub

489− |= [a=@ b=@]

490− ~| %subtract-underflow

491− ^- @

492− ?: =(0 b) a

493− $(a (dec a), b (dec b))

494−

495−Examples

496−--------

497−

498− > (sub 10 5)

499− 5

500− > (sub 243 44)

501− 199

502− > (sub 5 0)

503− 5

504− > (sub 0 5)

505− ! subtract-underflow

506− ! exit

507−

508−

509−

510−***

511−

512−Decrements `a` by `1`.

513−

514−Accepts

515-------

193-------

516

194

517−`a` is an atom.

195+A cell of atoms.

518−

519−Produces

520−--------

521−

522−An atom.

523

196

524Source

197Source

525------

198------

526

199

527− ++ dec :: decrement

200+ ++ dvr

528− ~/ %dec

201+ ~/ %dvr

529− |= a=@

202+ |= [a=@ b=@]

530− ~| %decrement-underflow

531− ?< =(0 a)

532− =+ b=0

533− |- ^- @

203+ ^- [p=@ q=@]

534− ?: =(a +(b)) b

204+ [(div a b) (mod a b)]

535− $(b +(b))

205+ ::

536−

537Examples

206Examples

538--------

207--------

208+ > (dvr 17 8)

209+ [p=2 q=1]

539

210

540− > (dec 7)

211+ > (dvr 17 6)

541− 6

212+ [p=2 q=5]

542− > (dec 0)

543− ! decrement-underflow

544− ! exit

545−

546

213

214+ > (dvr 18 6)

215+ [p=3 q=0]

547

216

548−***

217+ > (dvr 4 2)

549−### `++div`

218+ [p=2 q=0]

550

219

551−Divide

220+ > (dvr 'ab 'a')

221+ [p=259 q=62]

222+ > `@`'a' ::`a` is an atom represented as a different data type.

223+ 97 We can cast it to the aura `@` to see what its integer representation is.

224+ > `@`'ab'

225+ 25.185

552

226

553−Computes `a` divided by `b`.

227+ > (dvr '' 'a')

554−

228+ [p=0 q=0]

555−Accepts

556−-------

557−

558−`a` is an atom.

559−

560−`b` is an atom.

561−

562−Produces

563−--------

564−

565−An atom.

566−

567−Source

568−------

569−

570− ++ div :: divide

571− ~/ %div

572− |= [a=@ b=@]

573− ^- @

574− ~| 'div'

575− ?< =(0 b)

576− =+ c=0

577− |-

578− ?: (lth a b) c

579− $(a (sub a b), c +(c))

580− ::

581−

582−Examples

583−--------

584−

585− > (div 4 2)

586− 2

587− > (div 17 8)

588− 2

589− > (div 20 30)

590− 0

591

229

592

230

593***

231***

@@ -595,7 +233,7 @@ Examples

595

233

596Greater-than/equal

234Greater-than/equal

597

235

598−Tests whether `a` is greater than a number `b`.

236+Tests whether a number `a` is greater than or equal a number `b`.

599

237

600Accepts

238Accepts

601-------

239-------

@@ -607,28 +245,41 @@ Accepts

607Produces

245Produces

608--------

246--------

609

247

610−A boolean.

248+A flag. Our version of a boolean, except that `0` is yes/true and `1` is no/false.

611

249

612Source

250Source

613------

251------

614

252

615− ++ gte :: greater-equal

253+ ++ gte

616 ~/ %gte

254 ~/ %gte

617 |= [a=@ b=@]

255 |= [a=@ b=@]

618 ^- ?

256 ^- ?

619 !(lth a b)

257 !(lth a b)

620−

258+ ::

621−

622Examples

259Examples

623--------

260--------

624

261

625 > (gte 100 10)

262 > (gte 100 10)

626 %.y

263 %.y

264+

627 > (gte 4 4)

265 > (gte 4 4)

628 %.y

266 %.y

267+

629 > (gte 3 4)

268 > (gte 3 4)

630 %.n

269 %.n

631

270

271+ > `@`'h' ::`h` is an atom represented as a `cord`, one of many different soft atom types.

272+ 104 ::We can cast it to the mold `@` to see what its integer representation is.

273+ > `@`'b'

274+ 98

275+ > (gte 'h' 'b')

276+ %.y

277+

278+ > (gte '0xc' '0xf')

279+ %.n

280+

281+ > (gte '0xc' '0xc')

282+ %.y

632

283

633

284

634***

285***

@@ -648,27 +299,41 @@ Accepts

648Produces

299Produces

649--------

300--------

650

301

651−A boolean.

302+A flag; our version of a boolean, except that `0` is yes/true and `1` is no/false.

652

303

653Source

304Source

654------

305------

655

306

656− ++ gth :: greater-than

307+ ++ gth

657 ~/ %gth

308 ~/ %gth

658 |= [a=@ b=@]

309 |= [a=@ b=@]

659 ^- ?

310 ^- ?

660 !(lte a b)

311 !(lte a b)

661−

312+ ::

662−

663−

664Examples

313Examples

665--------

314--------

315+ > (gth 2 1)

316+ %.y

317+

318+ > (gth 1 2)

319+ %.n

666

320

667 > (gth 'd' 'c')

321 > (gth 'd' 'c')

668 %.y

322 %.y

669− > (gth ~h1 ~m61)

323+ > `@`'d' ::`d` is an atom represented as a `cord`, one of many different soft atom types.

324+ 100 ::We can cast it to the mold `@` to see what its integer representation is.

325+ > `@`'c'

326+ 99

327+

328+ > (gth 'doug' 'catherine')

670 %.n

329 %.n

330+ > `@`'doug'

331+ 1.735.749.476

332+ > `@`'catherine'

333+ 1.871.077.167.441.261.125.987

671

334

335+ > (gth ~h1 ~m61) ::~h1 and ~m61 are both relative dates. Cast an atom to `@dr` to see its representation in that soft atom type.

336+ %.n

672

337

673

338

674***

339***

@@ -688,30 +353,43 @@ Accepts

688Produces

353Produces

689--------

354--------

690

355

691−A boolean.

356+A flag; our version of a boolean, except that `0` is yes/true and `1` is no/false.

692

357

693Source

358Source

694------

359------

695

360

696− ++ lte :: less-equal

361+ ++ lte

697 ~/ %lte

362 ~/ %lte

698 |= [a=@ b=@]

363 |= [a=@ b=@]

699 |(=(a b) (lth a b))

364 |(=(a b) (lth a b))

700−

701 ::

365 ::

702−

703Examples

366Examples

704--------

367--------

705

368

706 > (lte 4 5)

369 > (lte 4 5)

707 %.y

370 %.y

371+

708 > (lte 5 4)

372 > (lte 5 4)

709 %.n

373 %.n

374+

710 > (lte 5 5)

375 > (lte 5 5)

711 %.y

376 %.y

377+

712 > (lte 0 0)

378 > (lte 0 0)

713 %.y

379 %.y

714

380

381+ > (lte 'a' 'b')

382+ %.y

383+ > `@`'a'

384+ 97

385+ > `@`'b'

386+ 98

387+

388+ > (lte 'abraham' 'bob')

389+ %.n

390+

391+ > (lte ~m61 ~h1) ::~m61 and ~h1 are both relative dates. Cast an atom to `@dr` to see its representation in that soft atom type.

392+ %.n

715

393

716

394

717***

395***

@@ -731,12 +409,12 @@ Accepts

731Produces

409Produces

732--------

410--------

733

411

734−A boolean.

412+A flag; our version of a boolean, except that `0` is yes/true and `1` is no/false.

735

413

736Source

414Source

737------

415------

738

416

739− ++ lth :: less-than

417+ ++ lth

740 ~/ %lth

418 ~/ %lth

741 |= [a=@ b=@]

419 |= [a=@ b=@]

742 ^- ?

420 ^- ?

@@ -746,19 +424,36 @@ Source

746 ?& !=(0 b)

424 ?& !=(0 b)

747 $(a (dec a), b (dec b))

425 $(a (dec a), b (dec b))

748 == == ==

426 == == ==

749−

427+ ::

750Examples

428Examples

751--------

429--------

752

430

753 > (lth 4 5)

431 > (lth 4 5)

754 %.y

432 %.y

433+

755 > (lth 5 4)

434 > (lth 5 4)

756 %.n

435 %.n

436+

757 > (lth 5 5)

437 > (lth 5 5)

758 %.n

438 %.n

439+

759 > (lth 5 0)

440 > (lth 5 0)

760 %.n

441 %.n

761

442

443+ > (lth 'a' 'b')

444+ %.y

445+ > `@`'a' ::`a` is an atom represented as a different data type.

446+ 97 ::We can cast it to the aura `@` to see what its integer representation is.

447+ > `@`'b'

448+ 98

449+

450+ > (lth 'abraham' 'bob')

451+ %.n

452+ > `@`'abraham'

453+ > 30.787.873.400.840.801

454+ > `@`'bob'

455+ > 6.451.042

456+

762

457

763***

458***

764### `++max`

459### `++max`

@@ -782,24 +477,39 @@ An atom.

782Source

477Source

783------

478------

784

479

785− ++ max :: maximum

480+ ++ max

786 ~/ %max

481 ~/ %max

787 |= [a=@ b=@]

482 |= [a=@ b=@]

788 ^- @

483 ^- @

789 ?: (gth a b) a

484 ?: (gth a b) a

790 b

485 b

791−

486+ ::

792Examples

487Examples

793--------

488--------

794

489

795 > (max 10 100)

490 > (max 10 100)

796 100

491 100

492+

797 > (max 10.443 9)

493 > (max 10.443 9)

798 10.443

494 10.443

495+

799− > (max 0 1)

496+ > (max 1 1)

800 1

497 1

801

498

499+ > (max 'abraham' 'bob')

500+ 30.787.873.400.840.801

501+

502+ > `@t`(max 'abraham' 'bob') ::`@t` displays the product as a `cord` (string) instead of a number.

503+ 'abraham'

802

504

505+ > `@t`(max 'abraham' 'benjamin')

506+ 'benjamin'

507+

508+ > `@dr`(max ~m6 ~h1) ::~m61 and ~h1 are relative dates. Cast an atom to `@dr` to see its representation in that soft atom type.

509+ ~h1

510+

511+ >`@ux`(max 0xe1 0x1e) ::`0xe1` and `0x1e` are of the hexadecimal soft atom type (`@ux`).

512+ 0xe1

803

513

804***

514***

805### `++min`

515### `++min`

@@ -823,23 +533,36 @@ An atom.

823Source

533Source

824------

534------

825

535

826− ++ min :: minimum

536+ ++ min

827 ~/ %min

537 ~/ %min

828 |= [a=@ b=@]

538 |= [a=@ b=@]

829 ^- @

539 ^- @

830 ?: (lth a b) a

540 ?: (lth a b) a

831 b

541 b

832−

542+ ::

833Examples

543Examples

834--------

544--------

835

545

836 > (min 10 100)

546 > (min 10 100)

837 10

547 10

548+

838 > (min 10.443 9)

549 > (min 10.443 9)

839 9

550 9

840− > (min 0 1)

841− 0

842

551

552+ > (min 1 1)

553+ 1

554+

555+ > (min 'abraham' 'bob')

556+ 6.451.042

557+

558+ > `@t`(min 'abraham' 'bob') ::`@t` causes the product to display as a `cord` instead of a number.

559+ 'bob'

560+

561+ > `@t`(min 'abraham' 'benjamin')

562+ 'abraham'

563+

564+ > `@dr`(min ~m6 ~h1) ::~m61 and ~h1 are relative dates. Cast an atom to `@dr` to see its representation in that soft atom type.

565+ ~m6

843

566

844

567

845***

568***

@@ -864,22 +587,39 @@ An atom.

864Source

587Source

865------

588------

866

589

867− ++ mod :: remainder

590+ ++ mod

868 ~/ %mod

591 ~/ %mod

869 |: [a=`@`1 b=`@`1]

592 |: [a=`@`1 b=`@`1]

870 ^- @

593 ^- @

871 ?< =(0 b)

594 ?< =(0 b)

872 (sub a (mul b (div a b)))

595 (sub a (mul b (div a b)))

873−

596+ ::

874−

875Examples

597Examples

876--------

598--------

877

599

878 > (mod 5 2)

600 > (mod 5 2)

879 1

601 1

602+

880 > (mod 5 5)

603 > (mod 5 5)

881 0

604 0

882

605

606+ > (mod 2 5)

607+ 2

608+

609+ > (mod 40 20)

610+ 0

611+

612+ > `@`'c' ::`a` is an atom represented as a different data type.

613+ 99 ::We can cast it to the aura `@` to see what its integer representation is.

614+ >`@`'a'

615+ 97

616+ > (mod 'c' 'a')

617+ 2

618+

619+ > (mod 0xe1 0x1e) ::`0xe1` and `0x1e` are of the hexadecimal soft atom type (`@ux`).

620+ 15

621+ > `@ux`(mod 0xe1 0x1e)

622+ 0xf

883

623

884

624

885***

625***

@@ -904,7 +644,7 @@ An atom.

904Source

644Source

905------

645------

906

646

907− ++ mul :: multiply

647+ ++ mul

908 ~/ %mul

648 ~/ %mul

909 |: [a=`@`1 b=`@`1]

649 |: [a=`@`1 b=`@`1]

910 ^- @

650 ^- @

@@ -912,15 +652,27 @@ Source

912 |-

652 |-

913 ?: =(0 a) c

653 ?: =(0 a) c

914 $(a (dec a), c (add b c))

654 $(a (dec a), c (add b c))

915−

655+ ::

916Examples

656Examples

917--------

657--------

918

658

919 > (mul 3 4)

659 > (mul 3 4)

920− 12

660+ 12

661+

921− > (mul 0 1)

662+ > (mul 0 1)

922 0

663 0

923

664

665+ > `@`'a' ::`a` is an atom represented as a different data type.

666+ 97 ::We can cast it to the aura `@` to see what its integer representation is.

667+ > `@`'b'

668+ 98

669+ > (mul 'a' 'b')

670+ 9.506

671+

672+ > (mul 0x1f 0xe) ::`0x1f` and `0xe` are of the hexadecimal soft atom type (`@ux`).

673+ 424

674+ >`@ux`(mul 0x1f 0xe)

675+ 0x1b2

924

676

925

677

926***

678***

@@ -945,27 +697,41 @@ An atom.

945Source

697Source

946------

698------

947

699

948− ++ sub :: subtract

700+ ++ sub

949− ~/ %sub

701+ ~/ %sub

950− |= [a=@ b=@]

702+ |= [a=@ b=@]

951− ~| %subtract-underflow

703+ ~| %subtract-underflow

952− ^- @

704+ ^- @

953− ?: =(0 b) a

705+ ?: =(0 b) a

954− $(a (dec a), b (dec b))

706+ $(a (dec a), b (dec b))

955−

707+ ::

956Examples

708Examples

957--------

709--------

958

710

959 > (sub 10 5)

711 > (sub 10 5)

960 5

712 5

713+

961 > (sub 243 44)

714 > (sub 243 44)

962 199

715 199

716+

963 > (sub 5 0)

717 > (sub 5 0)

964 5

718 5

719+

965 > (sub 0 5)

720 > (sub 0 5)

966 ! subtract-underflow

721 ! subtract-underflow

967 ! exit

722 ! exit

968

723

724+ > (sub 'c' 'a')

725+ 2

726+ > `@`'c' ::`a` is an atom represented as a different data type.

727+ 99 ::We can cast it to the aura `@` to see what its integer representation is.

728+ > `@`'a'

729+ 97

730+

731+ > (sub 0x1f 0xe)

732+ 17

733+ > `@ux`(sub 0x1f 0xe) ::`0xe1` and `0x1e` are of the hexadecimal soft atom type (`@ux`).

734+ 0x11

969

735

970

736

971***

737***