f1229c1 · urbit.org · git.iko.soy

git.iko.soy/urbit.org

fix unconverted udon headers

commitf1229c17b955540fd2cbc760a26506f7b549406d authorMorgan Sutherland <morgan@morgansutherland.com> dateTue 7 May 2019, 22:01 (7 years ago) parent0585661

24 files changed+154−770

compare with master

unifiedsplit

introduction/installing-urbit.md+1−5

@@ -197,11 +197,7 @@ One you've completed your installation, you can continue on to the instructions

197197Or, if you want to try testing and writing code, check out the guide to [getting an unnetworked development ship](../creating-a-development-ship).

198198

199199

200−;=

201− ;h2

202− ;div(id "swap"): Set Up Swap

203− ==

204−==

200+## Set Up Swap

205201

206202If you're running Urbit in the cloud on a small instance, you may need to additionally configure swap space. If you're not, you can safely ignore this section.

207203

learn/arvo/ames.md+1−5

@@ -22,11 +22,7 @@ routing is handled entirely in `%ames`. Finally, the actual `%ames`

2222protocol itself, including how to route incoming packets to the correct

2323vane or app, is defined in `%ames`.

2424

25−;=

26− ;h2

27− ;div(id "commentary"): Commentary

28− ==

29−==

25+## Commentary

3026

3127`%ames` is our networking protocol.

3228

learn/arvo/clay.md+2−10

@@ -20,11 +20,7 @@ zuse. Second is the write, query, and subscription logic. Finally, there

2020is the logic for communicating requests to, and receiving requests from,

2121foreign ships.

2222

23−;=

24− ;h2

25− ;div(id "architecture"): Architecture

26− ==

27−==

23+## Architecture

2824

2925Clay is the primary filesystem for the arvo operating system,

3026which is the core of an urbit. The architecture of clay is

@@ -440,11 +436,7 @@ the other desk, or both desks do not exist. The sync will be

440436activated when the upstream desk comes into existence and will

441437create the downstream desk if needed.

442438

443−;=

444− ;h2

445− ;div(id "commentary"): Commentary

446− ==

447−==

439+## Commentary

448440

449441The first part of this section will be reference documentation for the data

450442types used by our filesystem. In fact, as a general guide, we recommend

learn/arvo/eyre.md+3−15

@@ -16,11 +16,7 @@ essentially stateless, like functional publishing with `%ford`.

1616Additionally, there's a fairly significant component that handles

1717`%gall` messaging and subscriptions, which must be stateful.

1818

19−;=

20− ;h2

21− ;div(id "reference"): Reference

22− ==

23−==

19+## Reference

2420

2521### State

2622

@@ -45,11 +41,7 @@ Runtime

4541- `++ya`

4642- `++ix`

4743

48−;=

49− ;h2

50− ;div(id "commentary"): Commentary

51− ==

52−==

44+## Commentary

5345

5446

5547Let us follow the loading of a simple cli app, as it bounces from

@@ -293,11 +285,7 @@ infrastructure crumbles around you, only imported martian networking can be

293285trusted: the `%get` and `%got` [gram]()s are used to proxy [`%this` requests]() and

294286[`%thou` responses]() respectively.

295287

296−;=

297− ;h2

298− ;div(id "specification"): Specification

299− ==

300−==

288+## Specification

301289

302290The `%eyre` vane serves one purpose: receiving inbound HTTP requests from browsers and clients pretending to be browsers. To facilitate this communication, `%eyre` does two things: 1. provide an API for traditional clients to talk to; and 2. provide a mechanism for saving state that allows the server to keep track of identities/sessions, subscription data, and active connections.

303291

learn/arvo/ford.md+1−5

@@ -104,11 +104,7 @@ Slaps a hoon against a subject silk. The mark of the result is `%noun`.

104104Validates untyped data from a ship against a given mark. This is an

105105extremely useful function.

106106

107−;=

108− ;h2

109− ;div(id "runes"): Ford runes

110− ==

111−==

107+## Ford runes

112108

113109One of the most common ways to use ford is through ford's runes, all of which begin with `/` ("net"). A ford rune runs a step of a ford build and places the result in the subject. There are various kinds of build steps, some of which take other build steps as parameters. The most common pattern is to have a sequence of ford runes at the top of a hoon source file that import the results of evaluating other hoon files. This is how we "import a library" in urbit: we add the result of compiling another hoon file into the current subject, possibly renaming it by wrapping a face around it.

114110

learn/arvo/gall.md+9−45

@@ -10,11 +10,7 @@ This is documentation about how to write Gall apps. Some knowledge of Hoon is a

1010 always accessible enough to beginners. We are planning to rewrite these in the

1111 near future. There is still useful information to be found in the meantime.

1212

13−;=

14− ;h2

15− ;div(id "api"): API Connectors

16− ==

17−==

13+## API Connectors

1814

1915> Note: This lesson depends on some code that needs to be updated before the examples will work correctly. This will be addressed in the near future. We apologize!

2016

@@ -517,11 +513,7 @@ this doc:

517513--

518514```

519515

520−;=

521− ;h2

522− ;div(id "generators"): Generators

523− ==

524−==

516+## Generators

525517

526518Up until now we've poked apps directly. This requires the user to

527519specify the mark, and it requires the app to accept the arguments in a

@@ -685,11 +677,7 @@ Which causes `~sampel-sipnym` to print `[%receiving 'howdy']` and

685677- Create a generator for `:click` from [Web Apps](#backend) so that you can run `:click|poke` to poke it.

686678

687679

688−;=

689− ;h2

690− ;div(id "http"): Writing an HTTP Request

691− ==

692−==

680+## Writing an HTTP Request

693681

694682There's a variety of arvo services we haven't touched on yet.

695683Let's figure out how to make HTTP requests and set timers.

@@ -897,11 +885,7 @@ Let's try it out:

897885~fintud-macrep:dojo> :up &atom 'off'

898886```

899887

900−;=

901− ;h2

902− ;div(id "marks"): Marks

903− ==

904−==

888+## Marks

905889

906890We've used predefined marks already, but we haven't yet created

907891our own marks. Let's write a sample mark of our own, then chain

@@ -1022,11 +1006,7 @@ mark.

10221006

10231007The minimal correct input, then, is `&mime &hymn &cord &atom 17`.

10241008

1025−;=

1026− ;h2

1027− ;div(id "network"): Network Messages

1028− ==

1029−==

1009+## Network Messages

10301010

10311011In the following we assume that you have some knowledge of Hoon. If you don't, check out chapters 1 and 2 of the Hoon tutorial and check back when you're ready.

10321012

@@ -1373,11 +1353,7 @@ urbit as for sending messages between apps on different urbits.

13731353- Put `even` and `odd` on two separate urbits and pass the messages over the network. Post a link to a working solution in :talk to receive a cookie.

13741354

13751355

1376−;=

1377− ;h2

1378− ;div(id "security"): Security Drivers

1379− ==

1380−==

1356+## Security Drivers

13811357

13821358A security driver is a file in `/=home=/sec/<tld>/<domain>/hoon`

13831359that handles the authentication for all HTTP requests to

@@ -1651,11 +1627,7 @@ library.

16511627Remember, of course, that the best strategy for building security

16521628drivers is to copy a similar one and tweak it to taste.

16531629

1654−;=

1655− ;h2

1656− ;div(id "state"): State

1657− ==

1658−==

1630+## State

16591631

16601632In the last section we built a few small apps that sent moves. These apps were

16611633entirely stateless, however. Most useful apps require some amount of state.

@@ -1772,11 +1744,7 @@ Sample output:

17721744```

17731745

17741746

1775−;=

1776− ;h2

1777− ;div(id "subscriptions"): Subscriptions

1778− ==

1779−==

1747+## Subscriptions

17801748

17811749We've dealt fairly extensively with "poke" messages to an app, but these

17821750are somewhat limited. A poke is a one-way message, but more often we

@@ -2102,11 +2070,7 @@ nullability. If `err` is `~`, then the subscription was successful and we tell

21022070that to the user. Otherwise, we print out the error message.

21032071

21042072

2105−;=

2106− ;h2

2107− ;div(id "backend"): Backend

2108− ==

2109−==

2073+## Backend

21102074

21112075We've done purely functional web pages as hook files, and we've

21122076done command line apps, so now let's interact with an app over

learn/arvo/hall.md+5−25

@@ -17,11 +17,7 @@ Hall is the Urbit messaging and notifications protocol. This document details Ha

1717

1818- #### [The New Gall Model](#new-gall)

1919

20−;=

21− ;h1

22− ;div(id "architecture"): Hall Architecture

23− ==

24−==

20+# Hall Architecture

2521

2622This document is complemented by Hall's source code, but doesn't require it. Definitions of data structures, code snippets and diagrams will be provided where useful.

2723

@@ -512,11 +508,7 @@ To gain a more thorough understanding of Hall's inner workings, take a look at i

512508To see an expansive example of a Hall client, take a look at the code of Talk. It, too, comes with inline documentation.

513509[On Github.](https://github.com/urbit/arvo/blob/master/app/talk.hoon)

514510

515−;=

516− ;h1

517− ;div(id "interface"): The Hall Interface

518− ==

519−==

511+# The Hall Interface

520512

521513This document describes the different interfaces Hall provides and the data that is accessible and modifiable through them. Knowledge of the Urbit application model (including [new gall](#new-gall)) and [Hall's architecture](#architecture) is assumed.

522514

@@ -878,11 +870,7 @@ When the user makes any changes to shared UI elements (elements that should pers

878870

879871`%public`: Adds or removes a circle to/from the user's public membership list.

880872

881−;=

882− ;h1

883− ;div(id "new-gall"): The New Gall Model

884− ==

885−==

873+# The New Gall Model

886874

887875This document is complemented by the source code of applications that use the new Gall model (like [Hall](https://github.com/urbit/arvo/blob/master/app/hall.hoon)), but doesn't require it. Code snippets will be provided where useful. Some knowledge of Hoon and the functioning of Hoon apps is assumed.

888876

@@ -1106,11 +1094,7 @@ As we saw earlier, for `/number` queries the `delta`s match one-on-one with the

11061094- Gall should probably cache `++feel` results during a single pass, to avoid the cycles of generating what it can be certain of is the same `(unit rumor)`. (But then for eg `/circle/nom/13` and `/circle/nom/14` it would still recalculate. Better than nothing.)

11071095

11081096

1109−;=

1110− ;h2

1111− ;div(id "spec"): The original new-Gall spec

1112− ==

1113−==

1097+## The original new-Gall spec

11141098

11151099`~sorreg-namtyv`

11161100

@@ -1266,11 +1250,7 @@ As we saw earlier, for `/number` queries the `delta`s match one-on-one with the

12661250--

12671251```

12681252

1269−;=

1270− ;h2

1271− ;div(id "example"): A new-Gall example app

1272− ==

1273−==

1253+## A new-Gall example app

12741254

12751255```

12761256:: counter app

learn/nock/implementations.md+11−55

@@ -29,11 +29,7 @@ We use a C implementation for our Nock interpreter. But building a Nock interpre

2929

3030- #### [Swift](#swift)

3131

32−;=

33− ;h2

34− ;div(id "C"): C Implementation

35− ==

36−==

32+## C Implementation

3733

3834The actual production Nock interpreter. Note gotos for tail-call elimination,

3935and manual reference counting. More about the C environment can be found

@@ -282,11 +278,7 @@ _n_nock_on(u3_noun bus, u3_noun fol)

282278}

283279```

284280

285−;=

286− ;h2

287− ;div(id "clojure"): Clojure

288− ==

289−==

281+## Clojure

290282

291283From [Matt Earnshaw](https://github.com/mattearnshaw/anock/blob/master/src/anock/core.clj):

292284

@@ -405,11 +397,7 @@ From [Matt Earnshaw](https://github.com/mattearnshaw/anock/blob/master/src/anock

405397 (apply* bracket nouns)))

406398```

407399

408−;=

409− ;h2

410− ;div(id "c-sharp"): C#

411− ==

412−==

400+## C#

413401

414402

415403From [Julien Beasley](https://github.com/zass30/Nock5KCSharp):

@@ -882,11 +870,7 @@ namespace NockInterpreter

882870}

883871```

884872

885−;=

886− ;h2

887− ;div(id "groovy"): Groovy

888− ==

889−==

873+## Groovy

890874

891875From [Kohányi Róbert](https://github.com/kohanyirobert/gnock/blob/master/gnock.groovy):

892876

@@ -1086,11 +1070,7 @@ def tar(def a, def r) {

10861070}

10871071```

10881072

1089−;=

1090− ;h2

1091− ;div(id "haskell"): Haskell

1092− ==

1093−==

1073+## Haskell

10941074

10951075From [Steve Dee](https://github.com/mrdomino/hsnock/blob/master/Language/Nock5K/Spec.hs):

10961076

@@ -1196,11 +1176,7 @@ tar a = Left "*a"

11961176==

11971177```

11981178

1199−;=

1200− ;h2

1201− ;div(id "javascript"): JavaScript

1202− ==

1203−==

1179+## JavaScript

12041180

12051181From [Joe Bryan](https://github.com/joemfb/nock.js/blob/master/nock.js):

12061182

@@ -1559,11 +1535,7 @@ From [Joe Bryan](https://github.com/joemfb/nock.js/blob/master/nock.js):

15591535}))

15601536```

15611537

1562−;=

1563− ;h2

1564− ;div(id "python"): Python

1565− ==

1566−==

1538+## Python

15671539

15681540From [James Tauber](https://github.com/jtauber/pynock/blob/master/nock.py):

15691541

@@ -1652,11 +1624,7 @@ def tar(noun):

16521624 return (nock((noun[0], noun[1][0])), nock((noun[0], noun[1][1])))

16531625```

16541626

1655−;=

1656− ;h2

1657− ;div(id "ruby"): Ruby

1658− ==

1659−==

1627+## Ruby

16601628

16611629From [T.J. Corcoran](https://github.com/TJamesCorcoran/nock/blob/master/nock.rb):

16621630

@@ -1789,11 +1757,7 @@ def nock(arr)

17891757end

17901758```

17911759

1792−;=

1793− ;h2

1794− ;div(id "scala"): Scala

1795− ==

1796−==

1760+## Scala

17971761

17981762From [Steve Randy Waldman](https://github.com/swaldman/nnnock/blob/master/src/main/scala/com/mchange/sc/v1/nnnock/package.scala):

17991763

@@ -1875,11 +1839,7 @@ package object nnnock {

18751839 }

18761840```

18771841

1878−;=

1879− ;h2

1880− ;div(id "scheme"): Scheme

1881− ==

1882−==

1842+## Scheme

18831843

18841844From [Kohányi Róbert](https://github.com/kohanyirobert/snock/blob/master/snock.ss):

18851845

@@ -2001,11 +1961,7 @@ From [Kohányi Róbert](https://github.com/kohanyirobert/snock/blob/master/snock

20011961 (else (raise 13)))))))))))))

20021962```

20031963

2004−;=

2005− ;h2

2006− ;div(id "swift"): Swift

2007− ==

2008−==

1964+## Swift

20091965

20101966```

20111967import Foundation

reference/glossary.md+1−5

@@ -474,11 +474,7 @@ _More information can be found in the [hoon](/docs/learn/arvo/hoon) section._

474474 expression source (a [hoon](#a-hoon), for example) and produces the product

475475 type and nock formula. So [type hoon] is mapped to [type nock].

476476

477−;=

478− ;h3

479− ;div(id "a-hoon"): hoon

480− ==

481−==

477+### hoon

482478

483479A _hoon_ (lowercase) is the result of parsing a Hoon source expression into an

484480AST node. These AST nodes are nouns, like all other Hoon data. Because every

reference/hoon-expressions/rune/bar.md+11−55

@@ -13,11 +13,7 @@ with changes, which useful for recursion among other things:

1313

1414## Runes

1515

16−;=

17− ;h3

18− ;div(id "barcab"): |_ "barcab"

19− ==

20−==

16+### |_ "barcab"

2117

2218Produce a *door* (a core with a sample).

2319

@@ -107,11 +103,7 @@ The `ne` door prints a digit in base 10, 16, 32 or 64:

107103'c'

108104```

109105

110−;=

111− ;h3

112− ;div(id "barcen"): |% "barcen"

113− ==

114−==

106+### |% "barcen"

115107

116108Produce a core, `[battery payload]`.

117109

@@ -171,11 +163,7 @@ A trivial core:

171163101

172164```

173165

174−;=

175− ;h3

176− ;div(id "barcol"): |: "barcol"

177− ==

178−==

166+### "barcol"

179167

180168Produce a gate with a custom sample.

181169

@@ -223,11 +211,7 @@ This is useful if you want a gate to have a sample of a particular type, but you

22321112

224212```

225213

226−;=

227− ;h3

228− ;div(id "bardot"): |. "bardot"

229− ==

230−==

214+### |. "bardot"

231215

232216Produce a trap (a core with one arm `$`).

233217

@@ -295,11 +279,7 @@ trap, since it's a core with an `$` arm.

295279

296280> `$(...)` expands to `%=($ ...)` (["centis"](/docs/reference/hoon-expressions/rune/cen#centis)).

297281

298−;=

299− ;h3

300− ;div(id "barhep"): |- "barhep"

301− ==

302−==

282+### |- "barhep"

303283

304284Produce a trap (a core with one arm `$`) and evaluate it.

305285

@@ -355,11 +335,7 @@ The classic loop is a decrement:

35533541

356336```

357337

358−;=

359− ;h3

360− ;div(id "barket"): |^ "barket"

361− ==

362−==

338+### |^ "barket"

363339

364340Produce a core whose battery includes a `$` arm and compute the latter.

365341

@@ -418,11 +394,7 @@ A trivial example:

418394100

419395```

420396

421−;=

422− ;h3

423− ;div(id "barsig"): |~ "barsig"

424− ==

425−==

397+### |~ "barsig"

426398

427399Produce an iron gate.

428400

@@ -461,11 +433,7 @@ See [this discussion of core variance models](/docs/reference/hoon-expressions/a

461433<1|usl {a/@ $~}>

462434```

463435

464−;=

465− ;h3

466− ;div(id "bartar"): |* "bartar"

467− ==

468−==

436+### |* "bartar"

469437

470438Produce a wet gate (one-armed core with sample).

471439

@@ -531,11 +499,7 @@ Wet and dry gates in a nutshell:

531499The dry gate does not preserve the type of `a` and `b`; the wet

532500gate does.

533501

534−;=

535− ;h3

536− ;div(id "bartis"): |= "bartis"

537− ==

538−==

502+### |= "bartis"

539503

540504Produce a gate (a one-armed core with a sample).

541505

@@ -595,11 +559,7 @@ A slightly less trivial gate:

595559430

596560```

597561

598−;=

599− ;h3

600− ;div(id "barvat"): |@ "barvat"

601− ==

602−==

562+### |@ "barvat"

603563

604564Produce a 'wet' core `[battery payload]`.

605565

@@ -632,11 +592,7 @@ A `|@` expression produces a 'wet' core whose payload is the expression's subjec

632592

633593The `|@` rune is just like the `|%` rune except that instead of producing a 'dry' core, it produces a 'wet' one. This allows for type polymorphism of its arms, using 'genericity'. See [Advanced types](/docs/reference/hoon-expressions/advanced).

634594

635−;=

636− ;h3

637− ;div(id "barwut"): |? "barwut"

638− ==

639−==

595+### |? "barwut"

640596

641597Produce a lead trap.

642598

reference/hoon-expressions/rune/buc.md+10−50

@@ -32,11 +32,7 @@ instance, `(map foo bar)` is a table from mold `foo` to mold

3232`bar`. `map` is not a mold; it's a function that makes a mold.

3333Molds and mold builders are generally described together.

3434

35−;=

36− ;h2

37− ;div(id "base"): Base Structures

38− ==

39−==

35+## Base Structures

4036

4137`[%base p=$@(?(%noun %cell %bean %null) [%atom p=aura])]`: trivial structures (types).

4238

@@ -55,11 +51,7 @@ Irregular: `*` makes `%noun`, `^` makes `%cell`, `?` makes

5551

5652## Runes

5753

58−;=

59− ;h3

60− ;div(id "buccab"): $_ "buccab"

61− ==

62−==

54+### $_ "buccab"

6355

6456`[%bscb p=hoon]`: structure that normalizes to an example.

6557

@@ -95,11 +87,7 @@ and produces its *example* instead.

9587[%foobaz %moobaz]

9688```

9789

98−;=

99− ;h3

100− ;div(id "buccen"): $% "buccen"

101− ==

102−==

90+### $% "buccen"

10391

10492`[%bscn p=(list spec)]`: structure which recognizes a union tagged by head atom.

10593

@@ -130,11 +118,7 @@ be an infinite loop!

130118[%foo p=0 q=0]~

131119```

132120

133−;=

134− ;h3

135− ;div(id "buccol"): $: "buccol"

136− ==

137−==

121+### "buccol"

138122

139123`[%bscl p=(list spec)]`: form a cell type.

140124

@@ -168,11 +152,7 @@ Irregular (structure mode): `[a b c]` is `$:(a b c)`.

168152[p=0 q=%$]

169153```

170154

171−;=

172− ;h3

173− ;div(id "buchep"): $- "buchep"

174− ==

175−==

155+### $- "buchep"

176156

177157`[%bshp p=spec q=spec]`: structure that normalizes to an example gate.

178158

@@ -200,11 +180,7 @@ Since a `$-` reduces to a [`$_`](#buccab), it is not useful for normalizing, jus

200180%baz

201181```

202182

203−;=

204− ;h3

205− ;div(id "bucket"): $^ "bucket"

206− ==

207−==

183+### $^ "bucket"

208184

209185`[%bskt p=spec q=spec]`: structure which normalizes a union tagged by head depth (cell).

210186

@@ -238,11 +214,7 @@ Regular: *2-fixed*.

238214[%baz p=0]

239215```

240216

241−;=

242− ;h3

243− ;div(id "bucsig"): $~ "bucsig"

244− ==

245−==

217+### $~ "bucsig"

246218

247219`[%bssg p=hoon q=spec]`: define a custom type default value

248220

@@ -305,11 +277,7 @@ Using `$~`:

305277%default-value

306278```

307279

308−;=

309− ;h3

310− ;div(id "bucvat"): $@ "bucvat"

311− ==

312−==

280+### $@ "bucvat"

313281

314282`[%bsvt p=spec q=spec]`: structure which normalizes a union tagged by head depth (atom).

315283

@@ -347,11 +315,7 @@ Example:

347315```

348316

349317

350−;=

351− ;h3

352− ;div(id "buctis"): $= "buctis"

353− ==

354−==

318+### $= "buctis"

355319

356320`[%bsts p=skin q=spec]`: structure which wraps a face around another structure.

357321

@@ -386,11 +350,7 @@ p=%foo

386350p=%foo

387351```

388352

389−;=

390− ;h3

391− ;div(id "bucwut"): $? "bucwut"

392− ==

393−==

353+### $? "bucwut"

394354

395355`[%bswt p=(list spec)]`: form a type from a union of other types.

396356

reference/hoon-expressions/rune/cen.md+9−45

@@ -9,11 +9,7 @@ These runes reduce to the `%=` rune

1010## Runes

1111

12−;=

13− ;h3

14− ;div(id "cencab"): %_ "cencab"

15− ==

16−==

12+### %_ "cencab"

1713

1814Resolve a wing with changes, preserving type.

1915

@@ -76,11 +72,7 @@ See [how wings are resolved](/docs/reference/hoon-expressions/limb/wing).

7672! nest-fail

7773```

7874

79−;=

80− ;h3

81− ;div(id "cencol"): %: "cencol"

82− ==

83−==

75+### "cencol"

8476

8577Call a gate with many arguments.

8678

@@ -134,11 +126,7 @@ When `%:` is used in tall-form syntax, the series of expressions after `p` must

13412699

135127```

136128

137−;=

138− ;h3

139− ;div(id "cendot"): %. "cendot"

140− ==

141−==

129+### %. "cendot"

142130

143131Call a gate (function), inverted.

144132

@@ -179,11 +167,7 @@ The `%.` rune is for evaluating the `$` arm of a gate, i.e., calling a function.

1791676

180168```

181169

182−;=

183− ;h3

184− ;div(id "cenhep"): %- "cenhep"

185− ==

186−==

170+### %- "cenhep"

187171

188172Call a gate (function).

189173

@@ -232,11 +216,7 @@ This rune is for evaluating the `$` arm of a gate, i.e., calling a gate as a fun

2322166

233217```

234218

235−;=

236− ;h3

237− ;div(id "cenket"): %^ "cenket"

238− ==

239−==

219+### %^ "cenket"

240220

241221Call gate with triple sample.

242222

@@ -270,11 +250,7 @@ AST:

2702506

271251```

272252

273−;=

274− ;h3

275− ;div(id "cenlus"): %+ "cenlus"

276− ==

277−==

253+### %+ "cenlus"

278254

279255Call gate with a cell sample.

280256

@@ -311,11 +287,7 @@ A `%+` expression is for calling a gate with a cell sample. `a` is the gate to

3112876

312288```

313289

314−;=

315− ;h3

316− ;div(id "censig"): %~ "censig"

317− ==

318−==

290+### %~ "censig"

319291

320292Evaluate an arm in a door.

321293

@@ -367,11 +339,7 @@ See also [`|_`](/docs/reference/hoon-expressions/rune/bar#barcab).

36733920

368340```

369341

370−;=

371− ;h3

372− ;div(id "centar"): %* "centar"

373− ==

374−==

342+### %* "centar"

375343

376344Evaluate an expression, then resolve a wing with changes.

377345

@@ -434,11 +402,7 @@ A `%*` expression evaluates some arbitrary Hoon expression, `b`, and then resolv

434402[a=1 b=7 c=10]

435403```

436404

437−;=

438− ;h3

439− ;div(id "centis"): %= "centis"

440− ==

441−==

405+### %= "centis"

442406

443407Resolve a wing with changes.

444408

reference/hoon-expressions/rune/col.md+7−35

@@ -7,11 +7,7 @@ The `:` ("col") expressions are used to produce cells, which are pairs of values

88## Runes

10−;=

11− ;h3

12− ;div(id "colcab"): :_ "colcab"

13− ==

14−==

10+### :_ "colcab"

1511

1612`[%clcb p=hoon q=hoon]`; construct a cell, inverted.

1713

@@ -32,11 +28,7 @@ Regular: *2-fixed*.

3228[2 1]

3329```

3430

35−;=

36− ;h3

37− ;div(id "colcol"): :: "colcol"

38− ==

39−==

31+### "colcol"

4032

4133Code comment

4234

@@ -55,11 +47,7 @@ Code comment

5547 :: to the input

5648```

5749

58−;=

59− ;h3

60− ;div(id "colhep"): :- "colhep"

61− ==

62−==

50+### :- "colhep"

6351

6452`[%clhp p=hoon q=hoon]`: construct a cell (2-tuple).

6553

@@ -107,11 +95,7 @@ compiler does), `[a b]` is the same as `:-(a b)`.

10795[~ 1]

10896```

10997

110−;=

111− ;h3

112− ;div(id "colket"): :^ "colket"

113− ==

114−==

98+### :^ "colket"

11599

116100`[%clkt p=hoon q=hoon r=hoon s=hoon]`: construct a quadruple (4-tuple).

117101

@@ -138,11 +122,7 @@ Regular: *4-fixed*.

138122[5 6 7 8]

139123```

140124

141−;=

142− ;h3

143− ;div(id "collus"): :+ "collus"

144− ==

145−==

125+### :+ "collus"

146126

147127

148128`[%clls p=hoon q=hoon r=hoon]`: construct a triple (3-tuple).

@@ -169,11 +149,7 @@ Regular: *3-fixed*.

169149[%a ~ 'b']

170150```

171151

172−;=

173− ;h3

174− ;div(id "cosig"): :~ "colsig"

175− ==

176−==

152+### :~ "colsig"

177153

178154`[%clsg p=(list hoon)]`: construct a null-terminated list.

179155

@@ -217,11 +193,7 @@ Regular: *running*.

217193[5 3 4 2 1 ~]

218194```

219195

220−;=

221− ;h3

222− ;div(id "coltar"): :* "coltar"

223− ==

224−==

196+### :* "coltar"

225197

226198`[%cltr p=(list hoon)]`: construct an n-tuple.

227199

reference/hoon-expressions/rune/constants.md+4−20

@@ -9,11 +9,7 @@ se, because they have interpolations.)

1010## Expressions

1111

12−;=

13− ;h3

14− ;div(id "cold"): `:_ "Cold Atom"`

15− ==

16−==

12+### `:_ "Cold Atom"`

1713

1814`[%rock p=term q=@]`; a constant, cold atom.

1915

@@ -48,11 +44,7 @@ We can see the contrast with warm atoms by using the compiler parser function, `

4844[%rock p=%ud q=12]

4945```

5046

51−;=

52− ;h3

53− ;div(id "paths"): `:_ "Paths"`

54− ==

55−==

47+### `:_ "Paths"`

5648

5749`[%path p=(list (each @ta hoon))]`: path with interpolation.

5850

@@ -81,11 +73,7 @@ Irregular: `/this/is/a/path`.

8173~

8274```

8375

84−;=

85− ;h3

86− ;div(id "strings"): `:_ "Strings with Interpolation"`

87− ==

88−==

76+### `:_ "Strings with Interpolation"`

8977

9078`[%knit p=(list (each @t hoon))]`: text string with interpolation.

9179

@@ -133,11 +121,7 @@ String with interpolated prettyprinting:

133121"hello, %world."

134122```

135123

136−;=

137− ;h3

138− ;div(id "warm"): `:_ "Warm Atoms"`

139− ==

140−==

124+### `:_ "Warm Atoms"`

141125

142126`[%sand p=term q=@]`; a constant, warm atom.

143127

reference/hoon-expressions/rune/dot.md+5−25

@@ -7,11 +7,7 @@ Anything Nock can do, Hoon can do also. These runes are used for carrying out N

88## Runes

10−;=

11− ;h3

12− ;div(id "dotket"): .^ "dotket"

13− ==

14−==

10+### .^ "dotket"

1511

1612`[%dtkt p=spec q=hoon]`: load from the Arvo namespace with a fake Nock instruction: 'Nock `12`''.

1713

@@ -86,11 +82,7 @@ You can modify the time of the file listing quite simply and ask for a listing f

8682

8783`our` is the value for your ship's name.

8884

89−;=

90− ;h3

91− ;div(id "dotlus"): .+ "dotlus"

92− ==

93−==

85+### .+ "dotlus"

9486

9587`[%dtls p=hoon]`: increment an atom with Nock `4`.

9688

@@ -120,11 +112,7 @@ Irregular: `+(6)` is `.+(6)`.

120112nest-fail

121113```

122114

123−;=

124− ;h3

125− ;div(id "dottar"): .* "dottar"

126− ==

127−==

115+### .* "dottar"

128116

129117`[%dttr p=hoon q=hoon]`: evaluate with Nock `2`.

130118

@@ -167,11 +155,7 @@ therefore possible to use Hoon as a typeless language.

1671551

168156```

169157

170−;=

171− ;h3

172− ;div(id "dottis"): .= "dottis"

173− ==

174−==

158+### .= "dottis"

175159

176160`[%dtts p=hoon q=hoon]`: test for equality with Nock `5`.

177161

@@ -215,11 +199,7 @@ is a common cause of performance bugs.)

215199nest-fail

216200```

217201

218−;=

219− ;h3

220− ;div(id "dotwut"): .? "dotwut"

221− ==

222−==

202+### .? "dotwut"

223203

224204`[%dtwt p=hoon]`: test for cell or atom with Nock `3`.

225205

reference/hoon-expressions/rune/ket.md+10−50

@@ -12,11 +12,7 @@ it never allows invalid nests, it sometimes rejects valid nests.

1212

1313## Runes

1414

15−;=

16− ;h3

17− ;div(id "ketbar"): ^| "ketbar"

18− ==

19−==

15+### ^| "ketbar"

2016

2117`[%ktbr p=hoon]`: convert a gold core to an iron core (contravariant).

2218

@@ -52,11 +48,7 @@ The prettyprinter shows the core metal (`.` gold, `|` iron):

5248<1|gcq [@ @n <250.yur 41.wda 374.hzt 100.kzl 1.ypj %151>]>

5349```

5450

55−;=

56− ;h3

57− ;div(id "ketcol"): ^: "ketcol"

58− ==

59−==

51+### "ketcol"

6052

6153`[%ktcl p=spec]`: 'factory' gate for type `p`.

6254

@@ -92,11 +84,7 @@ In older versions of Hoon, a 'mold' was an idempotent gate that was guaranteed t

9284ford: %ride failed to execute:

9385```

9486

95−;=

96− ;h3

97− ;div(id "ketdot"): ^. "ketdot"

98− ==

99−==

87+### ^. "ketdot"

10088

10189`[%ktdt p=hoon q=hoon]`: typecast on value produced by passing `q` to `p`.

10290

@@ -137,11 +125,7 @@ mint-vain

137125~[22 33]

138126```

139127

140−;=

141− ;h3

142− ;div(id "kethep"): ^- "kethep"

143− ==

144−==

128+### ^- "kethep"

145129

146130`[%kthp p=spec q=hoon]`: typecast by explicit type label.

147131

@@ -185,11 +169,7 @@ infinite loop in the compiler).

185169[~ ~.a]

186170```

187171

188−;=

189− ;h3

190− ;div(id "ketlus"): ^+ "ketlus"

191− ==

192−==

172+### ^+ "ketlus"

193173

194174`[%ktls p=hoon q=hoon]`: typecast by inferred type.

195175

@@ -208,11 +188,7 @@ Regular: *2-fixed*.

208188'a'

209189```

210190

211−;=

212− ;h3

213− ;div(id "ketpad"): ^& "ketpad"

214− ==

215−==

191+### ^& "ketpad"

216192

217193`[%ktpd p=hoon]`: convert a core to a zinc core (covariant).

218194

@@ -265,11 +241,7 @@ ford: %slim failed:

265241ford: %ride failed to compute type:

266242```

267243

268−;=

269− ;h3

270− ;div(id "ketsig"): ^~ "ketsig"

271− ==

272−==

244+### ^~ "ketsig"

273245

274246`[%ktsg p=hoon]`: fold constant at compile time.

275247

@@ -291,11 +263,7 @@ Regular: *1-fixed*.

291263[%1 p=42]

292264```

293265

294−;=

295− ;h3

296− ;div(id "kettar"): ^* "kettar"

297− ==

298−==

266+### ^* "kettar"

299267

300268`[%kttr p=spec]`: Produce example type value.

301269

@@ -346,11 +314,7 @@ Irregular:

346314""

347315```

348316

349−;=

350− ;h3

351− ;div(id "kettis"): ^= "kettis"

352− ==

353−==

317+### ^= "kettis"

354318

355319`[%ktts p=skin q=hoon]`: Bind name to a value.

356320

@@ -386,11 +350,7 @@ a=1

386350[b=1 c=2 d=[x=3 y4]]

387351```

388352

389−;=

390− ;h3

391− ;div(id "ketwut"): ^? "ketwut"

392− ==

393−==

353+### ^? "ketwut"

394354

395355`[%ktwt p=hoon]`: convert any core to a lead core (bivariant).

396356

reference/hoon-expressions/rune/lus.md+4−20

@@ -11,11 +11,7 @@ There are various arm runes you can use to produce different kinds of arms. Nor

1111

1212## Runes

1313

14−;=

15− ;h3

16− ;div(id "lusbar"): +| "lusbar"

17− ==

18−==

14+### +| "lusbar"

1915

2016Chapter label.

2117

@@ -63,11 +59,7 @@ Notice that `p.q` has the label `%numbers`. Contrast with:

6359]

6460```

6561

66−;=

67− ;h3

68− ;div(id "lusbuc"): +$ "lusbuc"

69− ==

70−==

62+### +$ "lusbuc"

7163

7264Produce a structure arm (type definition).

7365

@@ -105,11 +97,7 @@ nest-fail

10597[%.y 22]

10698```

10799

108−;=

109− ;h3

110− ;div(id "luslus"): ++ "luslus"

111− ==

112−==

100+### ++ "luslus"

113101

114102Produce a normal arm.

115103

@@ -144,11 +132,7 @@ Any Hoon expression, `q`, may be used to define the arm computation.

14413212

145133```

146134

147−;=

148− ;h3

149− ;div(id "lustar"): +* "lustar"

150− ==

151−==

135+### +* "lustar"

152136

153137

154138Produce a type constructor arm.

reference/hoon-expressions/rune/mic.md+7−35

@@ -7,11 +7,7 @@ Miscellaneous useful macros.

88## Runes

10−;=

11− ;h3

12− ;div(id "miccol"): ;: "miccol"

13− ==

14−==

10+### "miccol"

1511

1612`[%mccl p=hoon q=(list hoon)]`: call a binary function as an n-ary function.

1713

@@ -61,11 +57,7 @@ Irregular: `:(add a b c)` is `;:(add a b c)`.

615712

6258```

6359

64−;=

65− ;h3

66− ;div(id "miclus"): ;+ "miclus"

67− ==

68−==

60+### ;+ "miclus"

6961

7062make a single XML node (Sail)

7163

@@ -124,11 +116,7 @@ One interesting thing about Sail is that it allows you to use complex Hoon expre

124116]

125117```

126118

127−;=

128− ;h3

129− ;div(id "micmic"): ;; "micmic"

130− ==

131−==

119+### ;; "micmic"

132120

133121`[%mcmc p=spec q=hoon]`: normalize with a mold, asserting fixpoint.

134122

@@ -170,11 +158,7 @@ Fails because not a fixpoint:

170158! exit

171159```

172160

173−;=

174− ;h3

175− ;div(id "micfas"): ;/ "micfas"

176− ==

177−==

161+### ;/ "micfas"

178162

179163`[%mcnt p=hoon]`: tape as XML element.

180164

@@ -191,11 +175,7 @@ Fails because not a fixpoint:

191175[[%~. [%~. "foo] ~] ~]

192176```

193177

194−;=

195− ;h3

196− ;div(id "micsig"): ;~ "micsig"

197− ==

198−==

178+### ;~ "micsig"

199179

200180`[%mcsg p=hoon q=(list hoon)]`: glue a pipeline together with a

201181product-sample adapter.

@@ -293,11 +273,7 @@ But for multiple gates, we need it to connect the pipeline:

293273"96acd"

294274```

295275

296−;=

297− ;h3

298− ;div(id "mictar"): ;* "mictar"

299− ==

300−==

276+### ;* "mictar"

301277

302278make a list of XML nodes from complex Hoon expression (Sail)

303279

@@ -349,11 +325,7 @@ If you need a complex Hoon expression to produce a `marl`, use the `;*` rune. O

349325]

350326```

351327

352−;=

353− ;h3

354− ;div(id "mictis"): ;= "mictis"

355− ==

356−==

328+### ;= "mictis"

357329

358330make a list of XML nodes (Sail)

359331

reference/hoon-expressions/rune/sig.md+12−60

@@ -7,11 +7,7 @@ Runes that use Nock `11` to pass non-semantic info to the interpreter.

88## Runes

10−;=

11− ;h3

12− ;div(id "sigban"): ~> "sigban"

13− ==

14−==

10+### ~> "sigban"

1511

1612`[%sgbn p=$@(term [p=term q=hoon]) q=hoon]`: raw hint, applied

1713to computation.

@@ -46,11 +42,7 @@ Running the compiler:

4642[%10 p=[p=97 q=[%4 p=[%1 p=2]]] q=[%1 p=42]]

4743```

4844

49−;=

50− ;h3

51− ;div(id "sigbar"): ~| "sigbar"

52− ==

53−==

45+### ~| "sigbar"

5446

5547

5648`[%sgbr p=hoon q=hoon]`: tracing printf.

@@ -80,11 +72,7 @@ ford: build failed

8072ford: build failed

8173```

8274

83−;=

84− ;h3

85− ;div(id "sigbuc"): ~$ "sigbuc"

86− ==

87−==

75+### ~$ "sigbuc"

8876

8977`[%sgbs p=term q=hoon]`: profiling hit counter.

9078

@@ -107,11 +95,7 @@ Regular: *2-fixed*.

107953

10896```

10997

110−;=

111− ;h3

112− ;div(id "sigcab"): ~_ "sigcab"

113− ==

114−==

98+### ~_ "sigcab"

11599

116100`[%sgcb p=hoon q=hoon]`: user-formatted tracing printf.

117101

@@ -140,11 +124,7 @@ ford: build failed

140124ford: build failed

141125```

142126

143−;=

144− ;h3

145− ;div(id "cigcen"): ~% "sigcen"

146− ==

147−==

127+### ~% "sigcen"

148128

149129`[%sgcn p=term q=wing r=(list [term hoon]) s=hoon]`: jet registration.

150130

@@ -234,11 +214,7 @@ Here we label the entire `++aesc` core for optimization. You can see the

234214jet in `jets/e/aesc.c`.

235215

236216

237−;=

238− ;h3

239− ;div(id "sigled"): ~< "sigled"

240− ==

241−==

217+### ~< "sigled"

242218

243219

244220`[%sgld p=$@(term [p=term q=hoon]) q=hoon]`: raw hint, applied to

@@ -268,11 +244,7 @@ rather about its product.

268244[%7 p=[%1 p=42] q=[%10 p=[p=97 q=[%4 p=[%0 p=1]]] q=[%0 p=1]]]

269245```

270246

271−;=

272− ;h3

273− ;div(id "siglus"): ~+ "siglus"

274− ==

275−==

247+### ~+ "siglus"

276248

277249`[%sgls p=hoon]`: cache a computation.

278250

@@ -312,11 +284,7 @@ This should work fine:

312284573.147.844.013.817.084.101

313285```

314286

315−;=

316− ;h3

317− ;div(id "sigfas"): ~/ "signet"

318− ==

319−==

287+### ~/ "signet"

320288

321289`[%sgnt p=term q=hoon]`: jet registration for gate with

322290registered context.

@@ -343,11 +311,7 @@ From the kernel:

343311 $(a (dec a), b +(b))

344312```

345313

346−;=

347− ;h3

348− ;div(id "sigpad"): ~& "sigpad"

349− ==

350−==

314+### ~& "sigpad"

351315

352316`[%sgpd p=hoon q=hoon]`: debugging printf.

353317

@@ -382,11 +346,7 @@ Regular: *2-fixed*.

382346~

383347```

384348

385−;=

386− ;h3

387− ;div(id "sigtis"): ~= "sigtis"

388− ==

389−==

349+### ~= "sigtis"

390350

391351`[%sgts p=hoon q=hoon]`: detect duplicate.

392352

@@ -418,11 +378,7 @@ This code traverses a tree and replaces all instances of `32` with

418378

419379Without `~=`, it would build a copy of a completely unchanged tree. Sad!

420380

421−;=

422− ;h3

423− ;div(id "sigwut"): ~? "sigwut"

424− ==

425−==

381+### ~? "sigwut"

426382

427383`[%sgwt p=hoon q=hoon r=hoon]`: conditional debug printf.

428384

@@ -460,11 +416,7 @@ Regular: *4-fixed*.

460416~

461417```

462418

463−;=

464− ;h3

465− ;div(id "sigzap"): ~! "sigzap"

466− ==

467−==

419+### ~! "sigzap"

468420

469421`[%sgzp p=hoon q=hoon]`: print type on compilation fail.

470422

reference/hoon-expressions/rune/terminators.md+2−10

@@ -7,11 +7,7 @@ The `--` and `==` are used as terminators: `--` for core expressions, and `==` f

88## Runes

10−;=

11− ;h3

12− ;div(id "hephep"): -- "hephep"

13− ==

14−==

10+### -- "hephep"

1511

1612##### Syntax

1713

@@ -40,11 +36,7 @@ The `|%`, `|_`, and `|^` runes are used to create cores that can have arbitraril

403624

4137```

4238

43−;=

44− ;h3

45− ;div(id "tistis"): == "tistis"

46− ==

47−==

39+### == "tistis"

4840

4941##### Syntax

5042

reference/hoon-expressions/rune/tis.md+14−70

@@ -23,11 +23,7 @@ different situations. Hence the whole family of `=` runes.

2323

2424## Runes

2525

26−;=

27− ;h3

28− ;div(id "tisban"): => "tisban"

29− ==

30−==

26+### => "tisban"

3127

3228`[%tsgr p=hoon q=hoon]`: compose two expressions.

3329

@@ -49,11 +45,7 @@ Regular: *2-fixed*.

4945[6 6]

5046```

5147

52−;=

53− ;h3

54− ;div(id "tisbar"): =| "tisbar"

55− ==

56−==

48+### =| "tisbar"

5749

5850

5951`[%tsbr p=spec q=hoon]`: combine a default type value with the subject.

@@ -85,11 +77,7 @@ Speaking more loosely, `=|` usually "declares a variable" which is "uninitialize

85777

8678```

8779

88−;=

89− ;h3

90− ;div(id "tiscol"): =: "tiscol"

91− ==

92−==

80+### "tiscol"

9381

9482`[%tscl p=(list (pair wing hoon)) q=hoon]`: change multiple legs in the subject.

9583

@@ -118,11 +106,7 @@ This rune is like `=.`, but for modifying the values of multiple legs of the sub

118106[b=3 c=4]

119107```

120108

121−;=

122− ;h3

123− ;div(id "tiscom"): =, "tiscom"

124− ==

125−==

109+### =, "tiscom"

126110

127111`[%tscm p=hoon q=hoon]`: expose namespace

128112

@@ -157,11 +141,7 @@ With a dojo-defined face:

157141[2 4]

158142```

159143

160−;=

161− ;h3

162− ;div(id "tisdot"): =. "tisdot"

163− ==

164−==

144+### =. "tisdot"

165145

166146`[%tsdt p=wing q=hoon r=hoon]`: change one leg in the subject.

167147

@@ -197,11 +177,7 @@ a new subject just like the old one except for a changed value at `p`. Note tha

197177nest-fail

198178```

199179

200−;=

201− ;h3

202− ;div(id "tishep"): =- "tishep"

203− ==

204−==

180+### =- "tishep"

205181

206182`[%tshp p=hoon q=hoon]`: combine a new noun with the subject, inverted.

207183

@@ -230,11 +206,7 @@ Regular: *2-fixed*.

2302068

231207```

232208

233−;=

234− ;h3

235− ;div(id "tisket"): =^ "tisket"

236− ==

237−==

209+### =^ "tisket"

238210

239211`[%tskt p=skin q=wing r=hoon s=hoon]`: pin the head of a pair; change

240212a leg with the tail.

@@ -274,11 +246,7 @@ random number, so we use `=^`:

274246[99 46]

275247```

276248

277−;=

278− ;h3

279− ;div(id "tisled"): =< "tisled"

280− ==

281−==

249+### =< "tisled"

282250

283251`[%tsgl p=hoon q=hoon]`: compose two expressions, inverted.

284252

@@ -315,11 +283,7 @@ Irregular: `foo:baz` is `=<(foo baz)`.

315283[6 6]

316284```

317285

318−;=

319− ;h3

320− ;div(id "tislut"): =+ "tislus"

321− ==

322−==

286+### =+ "tislus"

323287

324288

325289`[%tsls p=hoon q=hoon]`: combine a new noun with the subject.

@@ -342,11 +306,7 @@ Loosely speaking, `=+` is the simplest way of "declaring a variable."

342306

343307##### Examples

344308

345−;=

346− ;h3

347− ;div(id "tismic"): =; "tismic"

348− ==

349−==

309+### =; "tismic"

350310

351311`[%tssm p=skin q=hoon r=hoon]`: combine a named noun with the subject, possibly with type annotation; inverted order.

352312

@@ -375,11 +335,7 @@ Regular: *3-fixed*.

3753358

376336```

377337

378−;=

379− ;h3

380− ;div(id "tisfas"): =/ "tisfas"

381− ==

382−==

338+### =/ "tisfas"

383339

384340`[%tsfs p=skin q=hoon r=hoon]`: combine a named noun with the subject, possibly with type annotation.

385341

@@ -428,11 +384,7 @@ Regular: *3-fixed*.

4283848

429385```

430386

431−;=

432− ;h3

433− ;div(id "tissig"): =~ "tissig"

434− ==

435−==

387+### =~ "tissig"

436388

437389

438390`[%tssg p=(list hoon)]`: compose many expressions.

@@ -468,11 +420,7 @@ Regular: *running*.

4684203

469421```

470422

471−;=

472− ;h3

473− ;div(id "tistar"): =* "tistar"

474− ==

475−==

423+### =* "tistar"

476424

477425`[%tstr p=term q=hoon r=hoon]`: define an alias.

478426

@@ -505,11 +453,7 @@ The difference between aliasing and pinning is that pinning changes the subject,

505453[2 2]

506454```

507455

508−;=

509− ;h3

510− ;div(id "tiswut"): =? "tiswut"

511− ==

512−==

456+### =? "tiswut"

513457

514458`[$tswt p=wing q=hoon r=hoon s=hoon]`: conditionally change one leg in the subject.

515459

reference/hoon-expressions/rune/wut.md+13−65

@@ -29,11 +29,7 @@ side is taken), it fails with an error.

2929

3030## Runes

3131

32−;=

33− ;h3

34− ;div(id "wutban"): ?> "wutban"

35− ==

36−==

32+### ?> "wutban"

3733

3834`[%wtbn p=hoon q=hoon]`: positive assertion.

3935

@@ -71,11 +67,7 @@ nest-fail

7167123

7268```

7369

74−;=

75− ;h3

76− ;div(id "wutbar"): ?| "wutbar"

77− ==

78−==

70+### ?| "wutbar"

7971

8072`[%wtbr p=(list hoon)]`: logical OR.

8173

@@ -114,11 +106,7 @@ Irregular: `|(foo bar baz)` is `?|(foo bar baz)`.

114106%.n

115107```

116108

117−;=

118− ;h3

119− ;div(id "wutcol"): ?: "wutcol"

120− ==

121−==

109+### "wutcol"

122110

123111`[%wtcl p=hoon q=hoon r=hoon]`: branch on a boolean test.

124112

@@ -166,11 +154,7 @@ Note also that all other branching expressions reduce to `?:`.

1661544

167155```

168156

169−;=

170− ;h3

171− ;div(id "wutdot"): ?. "wutdot"

172− ==

173−==

157+### ?. "wutdot"

174158

175159`[%wtdt p=hoon q=hoon r=hoon]`: branch on a boolean test, inverted.

176160

@@ -207,11 +191,7 @@ As is usual with inverted forms, use `?.` when the yes-case expression is much t

207191'but see how \'r is much heavier than \'q?'

208192```

209193

210−;=

211− ;h3

212− ;div(id "wuthep"): ?- "wuthep"

213− ==

214−==

194+### ?- "wuthep"

215195

216196`[%wthp p=wing q=(list (pair spec value))]`: switch against a union, with no default.

217197

@@ -273,11 +253,7 @@ will throw `mint-vain`.

273253! nest-fail

274254```

275255

276−;=

277− ;h3

278− ;div(id "wutket"): ?^ "wutket"

279− ==

280−==

256+### ?^ "wutket"

281257

282258`[%wtkt p=wing q=hoon r=hoon]`: branch on whether a wing

283259of the subject is a cell.

@@ -310,11 +286,7 @@ The type of the wing, `p`, must not be known to be either an atom or a cell, or

3102863

311287```

312288

313−;=

314− ;h3

315− ;div(id "wutled"): ?< "wutled"

316− ==

317−==

289+### ?< "wutled"

318290

319291

320292# `?< "wutled"`

@@ -355,11 +327,7 @@ nest-fail

355327[12 14]

356328```

357329

358−;=

359− ;h3

360− ;div(id "wutlus"): ?+ "wutlus"

361− ==

362−==

330+### ?+ "wutlus"

363331

364332`[%wtls p=wing q=hoon r=(list (pair spec hoon))]`: switch against

365333a union, with a default.

@@ -416,11 +384,7 @@ If there is a case that is never taken you'll get a `mint-vain` error.

416384240

417385```

418386

419−;=

420− ;h3

421− ;div(id "wutpad"): ?& "wutpad"

422− ==

423−==

387+### ?& "wutpad"

424388

425389`[%wtpd p=(list hoon)]`: logical AND.

426390

@@ -459,11 +423,7 @@ Irregular: `&(foo bar baz)` is `?&(foo bar baz)`.

459423%.n

460424```

461425

462−;=

463− ;h3

464− ;div(id "wutsig"): ?~ "wutsig"

465− ==

466−==

426+### ?~ "wutsig"

467427

468428`[%wtsg p=wing q=hoon r=hoon]`: branch on whether a wing of the subject is null.

469429

@@ -490,11 +450,7 @@ It's bad style to use `?~` to test for any zero atom. Use it only for a true nu

4904501

491451```

492452

493−;=

494− ;h3

495− ;div(id "wuttis"): ?= "wuttis"

496− ==

497−==

453+### ?= "wuttis"

498454

499455`[%wtts p=spec q=wing]`: test pattern match.

500456

@@ -530,11 +486,7 @@ A common error is `find.$`, meaning `p` is not a type.

530486%.y

531487```

532488

533−;=

534− ;h3

535− ;div(id "wutvat"): ?@ "wutvat"

536− ==

537−==

489+### ?@ "wutvat"

538490

539491`[%wtpt p=wing q=hoon r=hoon]`: branch on whether a wing of the subject is an atom.

540492

@@ -566,11 +518,7 @@ The type of the wing, `p`, must not be known to be either an atom or a cell, or

5665184

567519```

568520

569−;=

570− ;h3

571− ;div(id "wutzap"): ?! "wutzaps"

572− ==

573−==

521+### ?! "wutzaps"

574522

575523`[%wtzp p=hoon]`: logical NOT.

576524

reference/hoon-expressions/rune/zap.md+6−30

@@ -5,11 +5,7 @@ template = "doc.html"

55+++

66## Runes

8−;=

9− ;h3

10− ;div(id "zapban"): !> "zapban"

11− ==

12−==

8+### !> "zapban"

139

1410`[%zpgr p=hoon]`: wrap a noun in its type.

1511

@@ -39,11 +35,7 @@ If you want just the type value, use a 'type spear'. This is `-:!>`, i.e., the

3935#t/@ud

4036```

4137

42−;=

43− ;h3

44− ;div(id "zapcol"): !: "zapcol"

45− ==

46−==

38+### "zapcol"

4739

4840`[%dbug p=hoon]`: turn on stack trace

4941

@@ -75,11 +67,7 @@ ford: %ride failed to execute:

7567ford: %ride failed to execute:

7668```

7769

78−;=

79− ;h3

80− ;div(id "zapdot"): !. "zapdot"

81− ==

82−==

70+### !. "zapdot"

8371

8472Turn off stack trace for a subexpression `p`

8573

@@ -123,11 +111,7 @@ ford: %ride failed to execute:

123111ford: %ride failed to execute:

124112```

125113

126−;=

127− ;h3

128− ;div(id "zaptis"): != "zaptis"

129− ==

130−==

114+### != "zaptis"

131115

132116`[%zpts p=hoon]`: make the Nock formula for a Hoon expression.

133117

@@ -168,11 +152,7 @@ Don't confuse the `!=` rune with:

168152

169153The syntax difference is that a test for equality takes two subexpressions, and the `!=` rune only one.

170154

171−;=

172− ;h3

173− ;div(id "zapwut"): !? "zapwut"

174− ==

175−==

155+### !? "zapwut"

176156

177157`[%zpwt p=@ q=hoon]`: restrict Hoon version.

178158

@@ -198,11 +178,7 @@ Regular: *2-fixed*.

198178! exit

199179```

200180

201−;=

202− ;h3

203− ;div(id "zapzap"): !! "zapzap"

204− ==

205−==

181+### !! "zapzap"

206182

207183`[%zpzp ~]`: crash.

208184

using/udon.md+6−30

@@ -11,11 +11,7 @@ template = "doc.html"

1111

1212- #### [A Static Site](#static)

1313

14−;=

15− ;h2

16− ;div(id "guide"): Udon: A Guide

17− ==

18−==

14+## A Guide

1915

2016Udon is a way to write content for the web. It's a minimalist

2117markup language for creating and rendering text documents, with a

@@ -362,11 +358,7 @@ Four score and seven years ago....

362358

363359It was the best of times, it was the worst of times...

364360

365−;=

366− ;h2

367− ;div(id "the-destination"): Here we are!

368− ==

369−==

361+## Here we are!

370362```

371363

372364###### Produces

@@ -377,11 +369,7 @@ Four score and seven years ago....

377369

378370It was the best of times, it was the worst of times...

379371

380−;=

381− ;h2

382− ;div(id "the-destination"): Here we are!

383− ==

384−==

372+## Here we are!

385373

386374### Double Quote

387375

@@ -584,11 +572,7 @@ indent the text in question with *eight spaces*.

584572 Reel shadows of the indignant desert birds.

585573

586574

587−;=

588− ;h2

589− ;div(id "sail"): Sail Expressions

590− ==

591−==

575+## Sail Expressions

592576

593577It's possible to use Udon as an HTML templating language akin to

594578PHP, ERB, JSP, or Handlebars templates. This facility derives

@@ -625,11 +609,7 @@ Produces:

625609==

626610

627611

628−;=

629− ;h2

630− ;div(id "blog"): A Simple Udon Blog

631− ==

632−==

612+## A Simple Udon Blog

633613

634614Publishing using Udon is really easy. It uses the file extension `.udon`. Here we'll create a very simple blog and publish our first posts.

635615

@@ -770,11 +750,7 @@ Use `;join` to keep up with comments as they get posted:

770750

771751That's it! Easy.

772752

773−;=

774− ;h2

775− ;div(id "static"): A Static Site

776− ==

777−==

753+## A Static Site

778754

779755Hosting a static tree of content is easy. Let's put together a really

780756simple site for an imaginary Urbit meetup group.