From 5086998facdc38102ddf2f6008e051d6fb9f3c2f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Edward Amsden <edward@blackriversoft.com>
Date: Wed, 3 Nov 2021 12:21:50 -0400
Subject: [PATCH] closure converting and continuation stack phases

---
 nock-h-closure-convert.rkt | 250 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 nock-i-k-stack.rkt         | 288 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 538 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 nock-h-closure-convert.rkt
 create mode 100644 nock-i-k-stack.rkt

diff --git a/nock-h-closure-convert.rkt b/nock-h-closure-convert.rkt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..80ed338
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nock-h-closure-convert.rkt
@@ -0,0 +1,250 @@
+#lang racket
+
+(require rackunit)
+
+(define (nock-noun subject formula gates err-k trace)
+ (nock-noun-cps subject formula gates err-k trace empty-k))
+
+(define (nock-noun-cps subject formula gates err-k trace k)
+ (match formula
+  ([cons (cons (var b) (var c)) (var d)]
+   (nock-noun-cps subject (cons b c) gates err-k trace
+    (nock-cons-k-1 subject d gates err-k trace k)))
+  ([cons 0 (var b)]
+   (nock-tree-find subject b err-k trace k))
+  ([cons 1 (var b)]
+   (apply-k k b))
+  ([cons 2 (cons (var b) (var c))]
+   (nock-noun-cps subject b gates err-k trace
+    (nock-2-k-1 subject c gates err-k trace k)))
+  ([cons 3 (var b)]
+   (nock-noun-cps subject b gates err-k trace
+    (nock-3-k k)))
+  ([cons 4 (var b)]
+   (nock-noun-cps subject b gates err-k trace
+    (nock-4-k k)))
+  ([cons 5 (cons (var b) (var c))]
+   (nock-noun-cps subject b gates err-k trace
+    (nock-5-k-1 subject c gates err-k trace k)))
+  ([cons 6 (cons (var b) (cons (var c) (var d)))]
+   (nock-noun-cps subject b gates err-k trace
+    (nock-6-k subject c d gates err-k trace k)))
+  ([cons 7 (cons (var b) (var c))]
+   (nock-noun-cps subject b gates err-k trace
+    (nock-7-k c gates err-k trace k)))
+  ([cons 8 (cons (var b) (var c))]
+   (nock-noun-cps subject b gates err-k trace
+    (nock-8-k subject c gates err-k trace k)))
+  ([cons 9 (cons (var b) (var c))]
+   (nock-noun-cps subject c gates err-k trace
+    (nock-9-k-1 b gates err-k trace k)))
+  ([cons 10 (cons (cons (var b) (var c)) (var d))]
+   (nock-noun-cps subject c gates err-k trace
+    (nock-10-k-1 subject d b gates err-k trace k)))
+  ([cons 11 (cons (cons (var b) (var c)) (var d))]
+   (nock-noun-cps subject c gates err-k trace
+    (nock-11-k subject b d gates err-k trace k)))
+  ([cons 11 (cons (var b) (var c))]
+   (nock-noun-cps subject c gates err-k trace k))
+  ([cons 12 (cons (var ref) (var path))]
+   (nock-noun-cps subject ref gates err-k trace
+    (nock-12-k-1 subject path gates err-k trace)))))
+
+(define (reverse-address address k) (reverse-address-acc address 1 k))
+
+(define (reverse-address-acc address reversed k)
+ (if (= address 1)
+  (apply-k k reversed)
+  (reverse-address-acc (arithmetic-shift address -1) (bitwise-ior (arithmetic-shift reversed 1) (bitwise-and address 1)) k)))
+
+(define (nock-tree-find-reversed tree reversed k)
+ (if (= reversed 1)
+  (apply-k k tree)
+  (if (even? reversed)
+   (nock-tree-find-reversed (car tree) (arithmetic-shift reversed -1) k)
+   (nock-tree-find-reversed (cdr tree) (arithmetic-shift reversed -1) k))))
+
+(define (nock-tree-find tree address err-k trace k)
+ (if (= address 0)
+  (apply-err-k err-k (cons 2 trace))
+  (reverse-address address (nock-tree-find-k tree k))))
+
+(define (nock-tree-edit-reversed subtree reversed tree k)
+ (if (= reversed 1)
+  (apply-k k subtree)
+  (if (even? reversed)
+   (nock-tree-edit-reversed subtree (arithmetic-shift reversed -1) (car tree)
+    (nock-tree-edit-car-k tree k))
+   (nock-tree-edit-reversed subtree (arithmetic-shift reversed -1) (cdr tree) 
+    (nock-tree-edit-cdr-k tree k)))))
+
+; # operator in nock spec: tree editing
+(define (nock-tree-edit subtree address tree err-k trace k)
+ (if (= address 0)
+  (apply-err-k err-k (cons 2 trace))
+  (reverse-address address
+   (nock-tree-edit-k subtree tree k))))
+
+(define empty-k (list 'empty-k))
+(define (nock-cons-k-1 subject d gates err-k trace k) (list 'nock-cons-k-2 subject d gates err-k trace k))
+(define (nock-cons-k-2 u k) (list 'nock-cons-k-2 u k))
+(define (nock-2-k-1 subject c gates err-k trace k) (list 'nock-2-k-1 subject c gates err-k trace k)) 
+(define (nock-2-k-2 u gates err-k trace k) (list 'nock-2-k-2 u gates err-k trace k))
+(define (nock-3-k k) (list 'nock-3-k k))
+(define (nock-4-k k) (list 'nock-4-k k))
+(define (nock-5-k-1 subject c gates err-k trace k) (list 'nock-5-k-1 subject c gates err-k trace k))
+(define (nock-5-k-2 u k) (list 'nock-5-k-2 u k))
+(define (nock-6-k subject c d gates err-k trace k) (list 'nock-6-k subject c d gates err-k trace k))
+(define (nock-7-k c gates err-k trace k) (list 'nock-7-k c gates err-k trace k))
+(define (nock-8-k subject c gates err-k trace k) (list 'nock-8-k subject c gates err-k trace k))
+(define (nock-9-k-1 b gates err-k trace k) (list 'nock-9-k-1 b gates err-k trace k))
+(define (nock-9-k-2 u gates err-k trace k) (list 'nock-9-k-2 u gates err-k trace k))
+(define (nock-10-k-1 subject d b gates err-k trace k) (list 'nock-10-k-1 subject d b gates err-k trace k))
+(define (nock-10-k-2 u b err-k trace k) (list 'nock-10-k-2 u b err-k trace k))
+(define (nock-11-k subject b d gates err-k trace k) (list 'nock-11-k subject b d gates err-k trace k))
+(define (nock-12-k-1 subject path gates err-k trace k) (list 'nock-12-k-1 subject path gates err-k trace k))
+(define (nock-12-k-2 gates err-k trace u k) (list 'nock-12-k-2 gates err-k trace u k))
+(define (nock-12-k-3 u v outer-err-k outer-trace k) (list 'nock-12-k u v outer-err-k outer-trace k))
+(define (nock-tree-find-k tree k) (list 'nock-tree-find-k tree k))
+(define (nock-tree-edit-car-k tree k) (list 'nock-tree-edit-car-k tree k))
+(define (nock-tree-edit-cdr-k tree k) (list 'nock-tree-edit-cdr-k tree k))
+(define (nock-tree-edit-k subtree tree k) (list 'nock-tree-edit-k subtree tree k))
+
+(define (apply-k k x)
+ (match k       
+  ([list 'empty-k] x)
+  ([list 'nock-cons-k-1 (var subject) (var d) (var gates) (var err-k) (var trace) (var k)]
+   (nock-noun-cps subject d gates err-k trace (nock-cons-k-2 x k)))
+  ([list 'nock-cons-k-2 (var u) (var k^)] (apply-k k (cons u x)))
+  ([list 'nock-2-k-1 (var subject) (var c) (var gates) (var err-k) (var trace) (var k)]
+   (nock-noun-cps subject c gates err-k trace (nock-2-k-2 x gates err-k trace k)))
+  ([list 'nock-2-k-2 (var u) (var gates) (var err-k) (var trace) (var k)]
+   (nock-noun-cps u x gates err-k trace k))
+  ([list 'nock-3-k (var k)]
+   (if (pair? x) (apply-k k 0) (apply-k k 1)))
+  ([list 'nock-4-k (var k)]
+   (apply-k k (+ 1 x)))
+  ([list 'nock-5-k-1 (var subject) (var c) (var gates) (var err-k) (var trace) (var k)]
+   (nock-noun-cps subject c gates err-k trace
+    (nock-5-k-2 x k)))
+  ([list 'nock-5-k-2 (var u) (var k)]
+   (if (eqv? u x) (apply-k k 0) (apply-k k 1)))
+  ([list 'nock-6-k (var subject) (var c) (var d) (var gates) (var err-k) (var trace) (var k)]
+   (if (= 0 x)
+    (nock-noun-cps subject c gates err-k trace k)
+     (if (= 1 x)
+      (nock-noun-cps subject d gates err-k trace k)
+      (apply-err-k err-k (cons 2 trace)))))
+  ([list 'nock-7-k (var c) (var gates) (var err-k) (var trace) (var k)]
+   (nock-noun-cps x c gates err-k trace k))
+  ([list 'nock-8-k (var subject) (var c) (var gates) (var err-k) (var trace) (var k)]
+   (nock-noun-cps (cons x subject) c gates err-k trace k))
+  ([list 'nock-9-k-1 (var b) (var gates) (var err-k) (var trace) (var k)]
+   (nock-tree-find x b err-k trace
+    (nock-9-k-2 x gates err-k trace k)))
+  ([list 'nock-9-k-2 (var u) (var gates) (var err-k) (var trace) (var k)]
+   (nock-noun-cps u x gates err-k trace k))
+  ([list 'nock-10-k-1 (var subject) (var d) (var b) (var gates) (var err-k) (var trace) (var k)]
+   (nock-noun-cps subject d gates err-k trace (nock-10-k-2 x b err-k trace k)))
+  ([list 'nock-10-k-2 (var u) (var b) (var err-k) (var trace) (var k)]
+   (nock-tree-edit u b x err-k trace k))
+  ([list 'nock-11-k (var subject) (var b) (var d) (var gates) (var err-k) (var trace) (var k)]
+   (if (member b (list (tas "hunk") (tas "hand") (tas "lose") (tas "mean") (tas "spot")))
+    (nock-noun-cps subject d gates err-k (cons (cons b x) trace) k)
+    (nock-noun-cps subject d gates err-k trace k)))
+  ([list 'nock-12-k-1 (var subject) (var path) (var gates) (var err-k) (var trace)]
+   (nock-noun-cps subject path gates err-k trace
+    (nock-12-k-2 gates err-k trace x k)))
+  ([list 'nock-12-k-2 (var gates) (var err-k) (var trace) (var u) (var k)]
+    (let*
+     [(gate (car (car gates)))
+      (outer-err-k err-k)
+      (err-k (car (cdr (car gates))))
+      (outer-trace trace)
+      (trace (cdr (cdr (car gates))))
+      (gates (cdr gates))
+      (core (cons (car gate) (cons (cons u x) (cdr (cdr gate)))))]
+     (nock-noun-cps core (car core) gates err-k trace
+      (nock-12-k-3 u x outer-err-k outer-trace k))))
+  ([list 'nock-12-k-3 (var u) (var v) (var outer-err-k) (var outer-trace) (var k)]
+   (if (equal? 0 x)
+    ; ~
+    (outer-err-k (cons 1 (cdr v)))
+    (if (equal? 0 (car x))
+     (outer-err-k (cons 2 (cons (cons (tas "hunk") (cons u v)) outer-trace)))
+     (apply-k k (cdr (cdr x))))))
+  ([list 'nock-tree-edit-car-k (var tree) (var k)]
+   (apply-k k (cons x (cdr tree))))
+  ([list 'nock-tree-edit-cdr-k (var tree) (var k)]
+   (apply-k k (cons (car tree) x)))
+  ([list 'nock-tree-edit-k (var subtree) (var tree) (var k)]
+   (nock-tree-edit-reversed subtree x tree k))
+  ([list 'nock-tree-find-k (var tree) (var k)]
+   (nock-tree-find-reversed tree x k))
+  ((var k^) #:when (procedure? k^) (k^ x))))
+
+(define (apply-err-k err-k err) (err-k err))
+
+;; macro for %tas literals:
+;; converts input string into a numeric literal of that string represented as a %tas, i.e. an
+;; atom with the ascii bytes of the string in sequence (first->LSB, last->MSB)
+(define-syntax (tas str)
+ (quasisyntax
+  (unsyntax
+   (foldr
+    (lambda (char atom) (bitwise-ior (bitwise-and #xFF (char->integer char)) (arithmetic-shift atom 8)))
+    0
+    (string->list (car (cdr (syntax->datum str))))))))
+
+(define nock-here 1)
+(define (nock-car address) (* address 2))
+(define (nock-cdr address) (+ 1 (* address 2)))
+(define (get-0 x) (cons 0 x))
+(define (literal-1 x) (cons 1 x))
+(define (eval-2 x y) (cons 2 (cons x y)))
+(define (cell?-3 x) (cons 3 x))
+(define (inc-4 x) (cons 4 x))
+(define (=-5 x y) (cons 5 (cons x y)))
+(define (if-6 x y z) (cons 6 (cons x (cons y z))))
+(define (compose-7 x y) (cons 7 (cons x y)))
+(define (declare-8 x y) (cons 8 (cons x y)))
+(define (call-9 x y) (cons 9 (cons x y)))
+(define (update-10 x y z) (cons 10 (cons (cons x y) z)))
+(define (hint-11 x y) (cons 11 (cons x y)))
+(define lootru 0)
+(define loofal 1)
+
+(define test-tree (cons (cons 4 5) 3))
+(define decrement-4-core
+  (cons
+   (if-6 (=-5 (get-0 (nock-car (nock-cdr nock-here))) (inc-4 (get-0 (nock-cdr (nock-cdr nock-here)))))
+    (get-0 (nock-cdr (nock-cdr nock-here)))
+    (call-9 (nock-car nock-here) (update-10 (nock-cdr (nock-cdr nock-here)) (inc-4 (get-0 (nock-cdr (nock-cdr nock-here)))) (get-0 nock-here))))
+   (cons 4 0)))
+
+(define (nock-test subject formula) (nock-noun subject formula '() test-err-k '()))
+
+(define (test-err-k err)
+ (printf "Error: ~v" err)
+ (error 'nock-err))
+
+(check-equal? (nock-test test-tree (get-0 nock-here) ) test-tree "tree address 1")
+(check-equal? (nock-test test-tree (get-0 (nock-car nock-here))) (car test-tree) "tree address 2")
+(check-equal? (nock-test test-tree (get-0 (nock-cdr nock-here))) (cdr test-tree) "tree address 3")
+(check-equal? (nock-test test-tree (get-0 (nock-car (nock-car nock-here)))) (car (car test-tree)) "tree address 4")
+(check-equal? (nock-test test-tree (get-0 (nock-cdr (nock-car nock-here)))) (cdr (car test-tree)) "tree address 5")
+(check-equal? (nock-test 0 (literal-1 test-tree)) test-tree "literal")
+(check-equal? (nock-test 0 (eval-2 (literal-1 test-tree) (literal-1 (get-0 2)))) (car test-tree) "eval")
+(check-equal? (nock-test test-tree (cell?-3 (get-0 1))) lootru "test cell true")
+(check-equal? (nock-test test-tree (cell?-3 (get-0 3))) loofal "test cell false")
+(check-equal? (nock-test 0 (inc-4 (literal-1 0))) 1 "increment")
+(check-equal? (nock-test test-tree (=-5 (literal-1 test-tree) (get-0 1))) lootru "test equals true")
+(check-equal? (nock-test test-tree (=-5 (literal-1 test-tree) (get-0 2))) loofal "test equals false")
+(check-equal? (nock-test test-tree (if-6 (literal-1 lootru) (literal-1 5) (get-0 100))) 5 "test if tru")
+(check-equal? (nock-test test-tree (if-6 (literal-1 loofal) (get-0 100) (literal-1 5))) 5 "test if false")
+(check-equal? (nock-test 0 (compose-7 (literal-1 test-tree) (get-0 2))) (car test-tree) "test compose")
+(check-equal? (nock-test 0 (declare-8 (literal-1 test-tree) (get-0 2))) test-tree "test declare")
+(check-equal? (nock-test 0 (call-9 (nock-car nock-here) (literal-1 decrement-4-core))) 3 "test call")
+(check-equal? (nock-test 0 (update-10 (nock-cdr nock-here) (literal-1 (cons 6 7)) (literal-1 test-tree))) (cons (cons 4 5) (cons 6 7)) "test update")
+(check-equal? (nock-test 0 (call-9 (nock-car nock-here) (update-10 (nock-car (nock-cdr nock-here)) (literal-1 8) (literal-1 decrement-4-core)))) 7 "test slam i.e. update sample and call")
+; test 11 static and dynamic
diff --git a/nock-i-k-stack.rkt b/nock-i-k-stack.rkt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e451db4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nock-i-k-stack.rkt
@@ -0,0 +1,288 @@
+#lang racket
+
+(require rackunit)
+
+(define stack '())
+(define (push-k k)
+ (set! stack (cons k stack))) 
+
+(define (nock-noun subject formula gates err-k trace)
+ (begin
+  (push-k empty-k)
+  (nock-noun-cps subject formula gates err-k trace)))
+
+(define (nock-noun-cps subject formula gates err-k trace)
+ (match formula
+  ([cons (cons (var b) (var c)) (var d)]
+   (begin
+    (push-k (nock-cons-k-1 subject d gates err-k trace))
+    (nock-noun-cps subject (cons b c) gates err-k trace)))
+  ([cons 0 (var b)]
+   (nock-tree-find subject b err-k trace))
+  ([cons 1 (var b)]
+   (apply-k b))
+  ([cons 2 (cons (var b) (var c))]
+   (begin
+    (push-k (nock-2-k-1 subject c gates err-k trace))
+    (nock-noun-cps subject b gates err-k trace)))
+  ([cons 3 (var b)]
+   (begin
+    (push-k nock-3-k)
+    (nock-noun-cps subject b gates err-k trace)))
+  ([cons 4 (var b)]
+   (begin
+    (push-k nock-4-k)
+    (nock-noun-cps subject b gates err-k trace)))
+  ([cons 5 (cons (var b) (var c))]
+   (begin
+    (push-k (nock-5-k-1 subject c gates err-k trace))
+    (nock-noun-cps subject b gates err-k trace)))
+  ([cons 6 (cons (var b) (cons (var c) (var d)))]
+   (begin
+    (push-k (nock-6-k subject c d gates err-k trace))
+    (nock-noun-cps subject b gates err-k trace)))
+  ([cons 7 (cons (var b) (var c))]
+   (begin
+    (push-k (nock-7-k c gates err-k trace))
+    (nock-noun-cps subject b gates err-k trace)))
+  ([cons 8 (cons (var b) (var c))]
+   (begin
+    (push-k (nock-8-k subject c gates err-k trace))
+    (nock-noun-cps subject b gates err-k trace)))
+  ([cons 9 (cons (var b) (var c))]
+   (begin
+    (push-k (nock-9-k-1 b gates err-k trace))
+    (nock-noun-cps subject c gates err-k trace)))
+  ([cons 10 (cons (cons (var b) (var c)) (var d))]
+   (begin
+    (push-k (nock-10-k-1 subject d b gates err-k trace))
+    (nock-noun-cps subject c gates err-k trace)))
+  ([cons 11 (cons (cons (var b) (var c)) (var d))]
+   (begin
+    (push-k (nock-11-k subject b d gates err-k trace))
+    (nock-noun-cps subject c gates err-k trace)))
+  ([cons 11 (cons (var b) (var c))]
+   (nock-noun-cps subject c gates err-k trace))
+  ([cons 12 (cons (var ref) (var path))]
+   (begin
+    (push-k (nock-12-k-1 subject path gates err-k trace))
+    (nock-noun-cps subject ref gates err-k trace)))))
+
+(define (reverse-address address) (reverse-address-acc address 1))
+
+(define (reverse-address-acc address reversed)
+ (if (= address 1)
+  (apply-k reversed)
+  (reverse-address-acc (arithmetic-shift address -1) (bitwise-ior (arithmetic-shift reversed 1) (bitwise-and address 1)))))
+
+(define (nock-tree-find-reversed tree reversed)
+ (if (= reversed 1)
+  (apply-k tree)
+  (if (even? reversed)
+   (nock-tree-find-reversed (car tree) (arithmetic-shift reversed -1))
+   (nock-tree-find-reversed (cdr tree) (arithmetic-shift reversed -1)))))
+
+(define (nock-tree-find tree address err-k trace)
+ (if (= address 0)
+  (apply-err-k err-k (cons 2 trace))
+  (begin
+   (push-k (nock-tree-find-k tree))
+   (reverse-address address))))
+
+(define (nock-tree-edit-reversed subtree reversed tree)
+ (if (= reversed 1)
+  (apply-k subtree)
+  (if (even? reversed)
+   (begin
+    (push-k (nock-tree-edit-car-k tree))
+    (nock-tree-edit-reversed subtree (arithmetic-shift reversed -1) (car tree)))
+   (begin
+    (push-k (nock-tree-edit-cdr-k tree))
+    (nock-tree-edit-reversed subtree (arithmetic-shift reversed -1) (cdr tree))))))
+
+; # operator in nock spec: tree editing
+(define (nock-tree-edit subtree address tree err-k trace)
+ (if (= address 0)
+  (apply-err-k err-k (cons 2 trace))
+  (begin
+   (push-k (nock-tree-edit-k subtree tree))
+   (reverse-address address))))
+
+(define empty-k (list 'empty-k))
+(define (nock-cons-k-1 subject d gates err-k trace) (list 'nock-cons-k-2 subject d gates err-k trace))
+(define (nock-cons-k-2 u) (list 'nock-cons-k-2 u))
+(define (nock-2-k-1 subject c gates err-k trace) (list 'nock-2-k-1 subject c gates err-k trace)) 
+(define (nock-2-k-2 u gates err-k trace) (list 'nock-2-k-2 u gates err-k trace))
+(define nock-3-k (list 'nock-3-k))
+(define nock-4-k (list 'nock-4-k))
+(define (nock-5-k-1 subject c gates err-k trace) (list 'nock-5-k-1 subject c gates err-k trace))
+(define (nock-5-k-2 u) (list 'nock-5-k-2 u))
+(define (nock-6-k subject c d gates err-k trace) (list 'nock-6-k subject c d gates err-k trace))
+(define (nock-7-k c gates err-k trace) (list 'nock-7-k c gates err-k trace))
+(define (nock-8-k subject c gates err-k trace) (list 'nock-8-k subject c gates err-k trace))
+(define (nock-9-k-1 b gates err-k trace) (list 'nock-9-k-1 b gates err-k trace))
+(define (nock-9-k-2 u gates err-k trace) (list 'nock-9-k-2 u gates err-k trace))
+(define (nock-10-k-1 subject d b gates err-k trace) (list 'nock-10-k-1 subject d b gates err-k trace))
+(define (nock-10-k-2 u b err-k trace) (list 'nock-10-k-2 u b err-k trace))
+(define (nock-11-k subject b d gates err-k trace) (list 'nock-11-k subject b d gates err-k trace))
+(define (nock-12-k-1 subject path gates err-k trace) (list 'nock-12-k-1 subject path gates err-k trace))
+(define (nock-12-k-2 gates err-k trace u) (list 'nock-12-k-2 gates err-k trace u))
+(define (nock-12-k-3 u v outer-err-k outer-trace) (list 'nock-12-k u v outer-err-k outer-trace))
+(define (nock-tree-find-k tree) (list 'nock-tree-find-k tree))
+(define (nock-tree-edit-car-k tree) (list 'nock-tree-edit-car-k tree))
+(define (nock-tree-edit-cdr-k tree) (list 'nock-tree-edit-cdr-k tree))
+(define (nock-tree-edit-k subtree tree) (list 'nock-tree-edit-k subtree tree))
+
+(define (apply-k x)
+ (let
+  [(k (car stack))]
+  (begin
+   (set! stack (cdr stack))
+   (match k       
+    ([list 'empty-k] x)
+    ([list 'nock-cons-k-1 (var subject) (var d) (var gates) (var err-k) (var trace)]
+     (begin
+      (push-k (nock-cons-k-2 x))
+      (nock-noun-cps subject d gates err-k trace)))
+    ([list 'nock-cons-k-2 (var u) (var k^)]
+     (apply-k (cons u x)))
+    ([list 'nock-2-k-1 (var subject) (var c) (var gates) (var err-k) (var trace)]
+     (begin
+      (push-k (nock-2-k-2 x gates err-k trace))
+      (nock-noun-cps subject c gates err-k trace)))
+    ([list 'nock-2-k-2 (var u) (var gates) (var err-k) (var trace)]
+     (nock-noun-cps u x gates err-k trace))
+    ([list 'nock-3-k]
+     (if (pair? x) (apply-k 0) (apply-k 1)))
+    ([list 'nock-4-k]
+     (apply-k (+ 1 x)))
+    ([list 'nock-5-k-1 (var subject) (var c) (var gates) (var err-k) (var trace)]
+     (begin
+      (push-k (nock-5-k-2 x))
+      (nock-noun-cps subject c gates err-k trace)))
+    ([list 'nock-5-k-2 (var u)]
+     (if (eqv? u x) (apply-k 0) (apply-k 1)))
+    ([list 'nock-6-k (var subject) (var c) (var d) (var gates) (var err-k) (var trace)]
+     (if (= 0 x)
+      (nock-noun-cps subject c gates err-k trace)
+       (if (= 1 x)
+        (nock-noun-cps subject d gates err-k trace)
+        (apply-err-k err-k (cons 2 trace)))))
+    ([list 'nock-7-k (var c) (var gates) (var err-k) (var trace)]
+     (nock-noun-cps x c gates err-k trace))
+    ([list 'nock-8-k (var subject) (var c) (var gates) (var err-k) (var trace)]
+     (nock-noun-cps (cons x subject) c gates err-k trace))
+    ([list 'nock-9-k-1 (var b) (var gates) (var err-k) (var trace)]
+     (begin
+      (push-k (nock-9-k-2 x gates err-k trace))
+      (nock-tree-find x b err-k trace)))
+    ([list 'nock-9-k-2 (var u) (var gates) (var err-k) (var trace)]
+     (nock-noun-cps u x gates err-k trace))
+    ([list 'nock-10-k-1 (var subject) (var d) (var b) (var gates) (var err-k) (var trace)]
+     (begin
+      (push-k (nock-10-k-2 x b err-k trace))
+      (nock-noun-cps subject d gates err-k trace)))
+    ([list 'nock-10-k-2 (var u) (var b) (var err-k) (var trace)]
+     (nock-tree-edit u b x err-k trace))
+    ([list 'nock-11-k (var subject) (var b) (var d) (var gates) (var err-k) (var trace)]
+     (if (member b (list (tas "hunk") (tas "hand") (tas "lose") (tas "mean") (tas "spot")))
+      (nock-noun-cps subject d gates err-k (cons (cons b x) trace))
+      (nock-noun-cps subject d gates err-k trace)))
+    ([list 'nock-12-k-1 (var subject) (var path) (var gates) (var err-k) (var trace)]
+     (begin
+      (push-k (nock-12-k-2 gates err-k trace x))
+      (nock-noun-cps subject path gates err-k trace)))
+    ([list 'nock-12-k-2 (var gates) (var err-k) (var trace) (var u)]
+      (let*
+       [(gate (car (car gates)))
+        (outer-err-k err-k)
+        (err-k (car (cdr (car gates))))
+        (outer-trace trace)
+        (trace (cdr (cdr (car gates))))
+        (gates (cdr gates))
+        (core (cons (car gate) (cons (cons u x) (cdr (cdr gate)))))]
+       (begin
+        (push-k (nock-12-k-3 u x outer-err-k outer-trace))
+        (nock-noun-cps core (car core) gates err-k trace))))
+    ([list 'nock-12-k-3 (var u) (var v) (var outer-err-k) (var outer-trace)]
+     (if (equal? 0 x)
+      ; ~
+      (outer-err-k (cons 1 (cdr v)))
+      (if (equal? 0 (car x))
+       (outer-err-k (cons 2 (cons (cons (tas "hunk") (cons u v)) outer-trace)))
+       (apply-k (cdr (cdr x))))))
+    ([list 'nock-tree-edit-car-k (var tree)]
+     (apply-k (cons x (cdr tree))))
+    ([list 'nock-tree-edit-cdr-k (var tree)]
+     (apply-k (cons (car tree) x)))
+    ([list 'nock-tree-edit-k (var subtree) (var tree)]
+     (nock-tree-edit-reversed subtree x tree))
+    ([list 'nock-tree-find-k (var tree)]
+     (nock-tree-find-reversed tree x))
+    ((var k^) #:when (procedure? k^) (k^ x))))))
+
+(define (apply-err-k err-k err) (err-k err))
+
+;; macro for %tas literals:
+;; converts input string into a numeric literal of that string represented as a %tas, i.e. an
+;; atom with the ascii bytes of the string in sequence (first->LSB, last->MSB)
+(define-syntax (tas str)
+ (quasisyntax
+  (unsyntax
+   (foldr
+    (lambda (char atom) (bitwise-ior (bitwise-and #xFF (char->integer char)) (arithmetic-shift atom 8)))
+    0
+    (string->list (car (cdr (syntax->datum str))))))))
+
+(define nock-here 1)
+(define (nock-car address) (* address 2))
+(define (nock-cdr address) (+ 1 (* address 2)))
+(define (get-0 x) (cons 0 x))
+(define (literal-1 x) (cons 1 x))
+(define (eval-2 x y) (cons 2 (cons x y)))
+(define (cell?-3 x) (cons 3 x))
+(define (inc-4 x) (cons 4 x))
+(define (=-5 x y) (cons 5 (cons x y)))
+(define (if-6 x y z) (cons 6 (cons x (cons y z))))
+(define (compose-7 x y) (cons 7 (cons x y)))
+(define (declare-8 x y) (cons 8 (cons x y)))
+(define (call-9 x y) (cons 9 (cons x y)))
+(define (update-10 x y z) (cons 10 (cons (cons x y) z)))
+(define (hint-11 x y) (cons 11 (cons x y)))
+(define lootru 0)
+(define loofal 1)
+
+(define test-tree (cons (cons 4 5) 3))
+(define decrement-4-core
+  (cons
+   (if-6 (=-5 (get-0 (nock-car (nock-cdr nock-here))) (inc-4 (get-0 (nock-cdr (nock-cdr nock-here)))))
+    (get-0 (nock-cdr (nock-cdr nock-here)))
+    (call-9 (nock-car nock-here) (update-10 (nock-cdr (nock-cdr nock-here)) (inc-4 (get-0 (nock-cdr (nock-cdr nock-here)))) (get-0 nock-here))))
+   (cons 4 0)))
+
+(define (nock-test subject formula) (nock-noun subject formula '() test-err-k '()))
+
+(define (test-err-k err)
+ (printf "Error: ~v" err)
+ (error 'nock-err))
+
+(check-equal? (nock-test test-tree (get-0 nock-here) ) test-tree "tree address 1")
+(check-equal? (nock-test test-tree (get-0 (nock-car nock-here))) (car test-tree) "tree address 2")
+(check-equal? (nock-test test-tree (get-0 (nock-cdr nock-here))) (cdr test-tree) "tree address 3")
+(check-equal? (nock-test test-tree (get-0 (nock-car (nock-car nock-here)))) (car (car test-tree)) "tree address 4")
+(check-equal? (nock-test test-tree (get-0 (nock-cdr (nock-car nock-here)))) (cdr (car test-tree)) "tree address 5")
+(check-equal? (nock-test 0 (literal-1 test-tree)) test-tree "literal")
+(check-equal? (nock-test 0 (eval-2 (literal-1 test-tree) (literal-1 (get-0 2)))) (car test-tree) "eval")
+(check-equal? (nock-test test-tree (cell?-3 (get-0 1))) lootru "test cell true")
+(check-equal? (nock-test test-tree (cell?-3 (get-0 3))) loofal "test cell false")
+(check-equal? (nock-test 0 (inc-4 (literal-1 0))) 1 "increment")
+(check-equal? (nock-test test-tree (=-5 (literal-1 test-tree) (get-0 1))) lootru "test equals true")
+(check-equal? (nock-test test-tree (=-5 (literal-1 test-tree) (get-0 2))) loofal "test equals false")
+(check-equal? (nock-test test-tree (if-6 (literal-1 lootru) (literal-1 5) (get-0 100))) 5 "test if tru")
+(check-equal? (nock-test test-tree (if-6 (literal-1 loofal) (get-0 100) (literal-1 5))) 5 "test if false")
+(check-equal? (nock-test 0 (compose-7 (literal-1 test-tree) (get-0 2))) (car test-tree) "test compose")
+(check-equal? (nock-test 0 (declare-8 (literal-1 test-tree) (get-0 2))) test-tree "test declare")
+(check-equal? (nock-test 0 (call-9 (nock-car nock-here) (literal-1 decrement-4-core))) 3 "test call")
+(check-equal? (nock-test 0 (update-10 (nock-cdr nock-here) (literal-1 (cons 6 7)) (literal-1 test-tree))) (cons (cons 4 5) (cons 6 7)) "test update")
+(check-equal? (nock-test 0 (call-9 (nock-car nock-here) (update-10 (nock-car (nock-cdr nock-here)) (literal-1 8) (literal-1 decrement-4-core)))) 7 "test slam i.e. update sample and call")
+; test 11 static and dynamic