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190 lines
6.7 KiB
Plaintext
190 lines
6.7 KiB
Plaintext
:: Hoon doccords sample
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::
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:: this is a sample file designed to explain syntax and conventions
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:: for doccords
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::
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:: all lines must be under 80 characters. no blank lines.
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:: any line longer than 60 characters is probably too long.
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:: uppercase or non-ascii letters are strongly discouraged.
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::
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:: whenever possible, use formal decorations. {::} decorates
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:: the next expression when put on its own line, and the previous
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:: expression if written on the same line
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::
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:: there are two places to put decorations: in line with the
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:: code, and on the right margin.
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::
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:: the file below is a well-commented library, built around
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:: a typical two-core structure. the cores are labeled {%arch}
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:: (structures) and {%work} (productions).
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::
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:: this code is written to display the variety of formatting
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:: options the parser allows. a specific convention should pick
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:: one of these styles and stick to it.
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::
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:: there are three ways to mark the beginning of a formal comment:
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:: 1- {:: $foo:}
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:: 2- {:: +bar:}
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:: 3- {:: }
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::
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:: style 1 may optionally be followed by a series of paragraphs, where each
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:: paragraph is preceded by a line containing only {::} and whitespace, and
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:: each line of a given paragraph is preceded by four aces.
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:: {::}
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:: {:: more text}
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:: {:: even more text}
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:: {::}
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:: {:: |=(code=hoon !!)}
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::
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:: style 2 is much like style 1, but paragraphs are indented by two spaces
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:: instead of four.
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:: {::}
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:: {:: more text}
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:: {:: even more text}
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:: {::}
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:: {:: |=(code=hoon !!)}
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::
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:: code is indented a total of six aces, for either style.
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::
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:: style 3 is used to annotate the hoon or spec that immediately follows
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:: the comment. paragraphs are written with style 2.
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::
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:: the $foo and +bar above are examples of *lexical locations* for
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:: style and batch-commenting purposes. this tells the parser to attempt
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:: to attach the comment to the specified location. these locations
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:: may be written as follows:
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:: - `|foo` means a chapter
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:: - `%foo` means a constant
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:: - `.foo` means a face
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:: - `+foo` means an arm
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:: - `$foo` means a spec
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:: - `^foo` means a core
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:: - `_foo` means a door
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:: - `=foo` means a gate
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:: - `/foo` means a file path segment
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::
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:: thus /lib/foo^widget|initial=open means the =open gate in the |initial
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:: chapter of the ^widget core in the /foo library
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::
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:: at present, doccords does not support lexical locations in full.
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:: only single-element locations of the form `$foo` and `+foo` are supported,
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:: and must be written above an arm in the core to which they are to be
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:: attached, and after the chapter they are in (if the core has chapters).
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:: you may still write doccords for other locations in anticipation of the
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:: fully supported lexical location, but they will be thrown away before they
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:: make it to the compiler.
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::
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:: a postfix formal comment will either attach to hoon or spec on the
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:: current line, or the arm name if there is no hoon or spec on the
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:: line. the convention for +$ arms is that the comment attached to the
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:: arm is about the mold itself, while the comment attached to the spec
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:: is about the output type of the mold.
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::
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:: to inspect doccords in this file from dojo, try the following:
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::
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:: > =deco -build-file %/lib/deco/hoon
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:: > # deco
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:: > # deco/arch
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:: > # deco/arch/molds
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:: > # deco/arch/molds/goof
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::
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:: > ?? *goof:deco
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::
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=> ::
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:: structures for our imaginary hello, world generator.
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::
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:: nothing forces us to put structures in a separate core.
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:: but compile-time evaluation doesnt work in the current
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:: core; we often want to statically evaluate structures.
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::
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:: there are three kinds of structures: moldss (normalizing
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:: functions), mold builders (functions that build molds), and
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:: constants (static data).
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::
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:: most code will not need its own mold builders. but put them
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:: in a separate chapter (separated by {+|}).
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|%
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:: molds are functions that normalize nouns.
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::
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:: arms producing molds are introduced with {+$}. the
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:: compiler will copy the arm decoration onto its product
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+| %molds
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:: $jam: some delicious jam
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:: $jelly: different from jam?
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+$ spot [p=@ q=@] :: a coordinate
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+$ tops :: mold for coordinate
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[p=@ q=@] :: another coordinate
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+$ goof :: a simple tuple mold
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$: foo=@ :: something mysterious
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bar=@ :: go here for drink
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moo=(binary-tree juice) :: cows do this
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==
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+$ juice :: fruity beverage mold
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$% [%plum p=@] :: fresh prune
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[%pear p=@ q=@] :: good for cider
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[%acai p=@] :: aztec superfood
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==
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+$ jam @tas
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+$ jelly @tas
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:: mold builders are functions that build molds from other molds
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::
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:: other languages might call these "type constructors"
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:: or "higher-kinded types".
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+| %mold-builders
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++ binary-tree :: tree mold builder
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|* a=$-(* *)
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$@(~ [n=a l=(binary-tree a) r=(binary-tree a)])
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::
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:: if you have constants, put them in their own chapter.
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+| %constant
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++ answer :: answer to everything
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42
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--
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:: engines for our imaginary hello, world app.
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::
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|%
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:: +default-jam: bunts $jam
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:: +default-juice: bunts $juice
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++ say-hello :: say hi to someone
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:: friendly welcome message
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::
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|=
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:: .txt: friend to say hi to
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::
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txt=term
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^- tape
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"hello, {(rip 3 txt)}"
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:: +say-goodbye: say a really proper goodbye
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::
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:: some paragraphs about the goodbye algorithm, possibly
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:: including code indented by four extra spaces:
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::
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:: ?: =(%hello %world)
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:: %hello
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:: %world
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::
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++ say-goodbye
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:: describe product of function
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::
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|=
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:: .txt: departing friend
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:: .num: number of friends
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$: txt=term
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num=@
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==
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^- tape
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:: .foo: four
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:: .bar: forty-two
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=/ foo (add 2 2)
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=/ bar (add (mul num foo) 2)
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=/ moo (mul num bar) :: for all the cows
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"goodbye and {(scow %ud moo)}, {(rip 3 txt)}"
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::
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++ say-minimum :: minimal decoration
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|= txt=term
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"nothing to say to {(rip 3 txt)}"
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::
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++ default-jam *jam
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++ default-juice *juice
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--
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