wasp/web/docs/language/syntax.md

title
Syntax

Wasp is a declarative, statically typed, domain specific language (DSL).

Declarations

The central point of Wasp language are declarations, and Wasp source is at the end just a bunch of declarations, each of them describing a part of your web app.

app MyApp {
  title: "My app"
}

route RootRoute { path: "/", to: DashboardPage }

page DashboardPage {
  component: import Dashboard from "@client/Dashboard.js"
}

In the example above we described a web app via three declarations: app MyApp { ... }, route RootRoute { ... } and page DashboardPage { ... }.

Syntax for writing a declaration is <declaration_type> <declaration_name> <declaration_body>, where:

• <declaration_type> is one of the declaration types offered by Wasp (app, route, ...)
• <declaration_name> is an identifier chosen by you to name this specific declaration
• <declaration_body> is the value/definition of the declaration itself, which has to match the specific declaration body type determined by the chosen declaration type.

So, for app declaration above, we have:

• declaration type app
• declaration name MyApp (we could have used any other identifier, like foobar, foo_bar, or hi3Ho)
• declaration body { title: "My app" }, which is a dictionary with field title that has string value. Type of this dictionary is in line with the declaration body type of the app declaration type. If we provided something else, e.g. changed title to little, we would get a type error from Wasp compiler since that does not match the expected type of the declaration body for app.

Each declaration has a meaning behind it that describes how your web app should behave and function.

All the other types in Wasp language (primitive types (string, number), composite types (dict, list), enum types (DbSystem), ...) are used to define the declaration bodies.

Complete list of Wasp types

Wasp's type system can be divided into two main categories of types: fundamental types and domain types.

While fundamental types are here to be basic building blocks of a language, and are very similar to what you would see in other popular languages, domain types are what makes Wasp special, as they model the concepts of a web app like page, route and similar.

• Fundamental types (source of truth)
  • Primitive types
    • string ("foo", "they said: \"hi\"")
    • bool (true, false)
    • number (12, 14.5)
    • declaration reference (name of existing declaration: TaskPage, updateTask)
    • ServerImport (external server import) (import Foo from "@server/bar.js", import { Smth } from "@server/a/b.js")
      • The path has to start with "@server". The rest is relative to the src/server directory.
      • import has to be a default import import Foo or a single named import import { Foo }.
    • ClientImport (external client import) (import Foo from "@client/bar.js", import { Smth } from "@client/a/b.js")
      • The path has to start with "@client". The rest is relative to the src/client directory.
      • import has to be a default import import Foo or a single named import import { Foo }.
    • json ({=json { a: 5, b: ["hi"] } json=})
    • psl (Prisma Schema Language) ({=psl <psl data model syntax> psl=})
      • Check Prisma docs for the syntax of psl data model.
  • Composite types
    • dict (dictionary) ({ a: 5, b: "foo" })
    • list ([1, 2, 3])
    • tuple ((1, "bar"), (2, 4, true))
      • Tuples can be of size 2, 3 and 4.
• Domain types (source of truth)
  • Declaration types
    • action
    • app
    • entity
    • job
    • page
    • query
    • route
  • Enum types
    • DbSystem
    • JobExecutor

For more details about each of the domain types, both regarding their body types and what they mean, check the Features section.