## Launching Programs

By default, when opening new tabs or windows, your shell will be spawned.

Your shell is determined by the following rules:

### On Posix Systems

1. The value of the `$SHELL` environment variable is used if it is set
2. Otherwise, it will resolve your current uid and try to look up your
   home directory from the password database.

`wezterm` will spawn the shell and pass `-l` as an argument to request
a login shell.  A login shell generally loads additional startup files
and sets up more environment than a non-login shell.

*Since: 20210502-154244-3f7122cb*: instead of passing `-l` to the shell, wezterm
will spawn the shell as `-$SHELL` to invoke it as a login shell.

Note: if you have recently changed your shell using `chsh` and you
have `$SHELL` set in the environment, you will need to sign out and
sign back in again for the environment to pick up your new `$SHELL`
value.

*Since: nightly builds only*: wezterm will now always resolve the shell via the
password database.

### On Windows Systems

1. The value of the `%COMSPEC%` environment variable is used if it is set.
2. Otherwise, `cmd.exe`

## Changing the default program

If you'd like `wezterm` to run a different program than the shell as
described above, you can use the `default_prog` config setting to specify
the argument array; the array allows specifying the program and arguments
portably:

```lua
return {
  -- Spawn a fish shell in login mode
  default_prog = { '/usr/local/bin/fish', '-l' },
}
```

## Launching a different program as a one off via the CLI

If you want to make a shortcut for your desktop environment that will,
for example, open an editor in wezterm you can use the `start` subcommand
to launch it.  This example opens up a new terminal window running vim
to edit your wezterm configuration:

```bash
wezterm start -- vim ~/.wezterm.lua
```

## Specifying the current working directory

If you'd like `wezterm` to start running a program in a specific working
directory you can do so via the config, CLI, and when using
[`SpawnCommand`](lua/SpawnCommand.md):

* Setting the [`default_cwd`](lua/config/default_cwd.md) via the config:

  ```lua
  return {
    default_cwd = "/some/path",
  }
  ```

* One off program in a specific working directory via the CLI:

  ```bash
  wezterm start --cwd /some/path
  ```

* The [`SpawnCommandInNewTab`](lua/keyassignment/SpawnCommandInNewTab.md),
  and [`SpawnCommandInNewWindow`](lua/keyassignment/SpawnCommandInNewWindow.md)
  key assignments, and the [Launcher Menu](#the-launcher-menu) described below
  all accept a [`SpawnCommand`](lua/SpawnCommand.md) object that accepts an
  optional `cwd` field:

  ```lua
  {
    label = "List files in /some/path",
    args = {"ls", "-al"},
    cwd = "/some/path",
  }
  ```

Panes/Tabs/Windows created after the first will generally try to resolve the
current working directory of the current Pane, preferring
[a value set by OSC 7](../shell-integration.md) and falling back to
attempting to lookup the `cwd` of the current process group leader attached to a
local Pane. If no `cwd` can be resolved, then the `default_cwd` will be used.
If `default_cwd` is not specified, then the home directory of the user will be
used.

[See `default_cwd` for an easier to understand visualization](lua/config/default_cwd.md).

## Passing Environment variables to the spawned program

The `set_environment_variables` configuration setting can be used to
add environment variables to the environment of the spawned program.

The behavior is to take the environment of the `wezterm` process
and then set the specified variables for the spawned process.

```lua
return {
  set_environment_variables = {
    -- This changes the default prompt for cmd.exe to report the
    -- current directory using OSC 7, show the current time and
    -- the current directory colored in the prompt.
    prompt = '$E]7;file://localhost/$P$E\\$E[32m$T$E[0m $E[35m$P$E[36m$_$G$E[0m ',
  },
}
```

# The Launcher Menu

The launcher menu is accessed from the new tab button in the tab bar UI; the
`+` button to the right of the tabs.  Left clicking on the button will spawn a
new tab, but right clicking on it will open the launcher menu.  You may also
bind a key to the [ShowLauncher](lua/keyassignment/ShowLauncher.md) or
[ShowLauncherArgs](lua/keyassignment/ShowLauncherArgs.md) action to trigger the
menu.

The launcher menu by default lists the various multiplexer domains and offers
the option of connecting and spawning tabs/windows in those domains.

You can define your own entries using the
[launch_menu](lua/config/launch_menu.md) configuration setting.  The snippet
below adds two new entries to the menu; one that runs the `top` program to
monitor process activity and a second one that explicitly launches the `bash`
shell.

Each entry in `launch_menu` is an instance of a
[SpawnCommand](lua/SpawnCommand.md) object.

```lua
return {
  launch_menu = {
    {
      args = { 'top' },
    },
    {
      -- Optional label to show in the launcher. If omitted, a label
      -- is derived from the `args`
      label = 'Bash',
      -- The argument array to spawn.  If omitted the default program
      -- will be used as described in the documentation above
      args = { 'bash', '-l' },

      -- You can specify an alternative current working directory;
      -- if you don't specify one then a default based on the OSC 7
      -- escape sequence will be used (see the Shell Integration
      -- docs), falling back to the home directory.
      -- cwd = "/some/path"

      -- You can override environment variables just for this command
      -- by setting this here.  It has the same semantics as the main
      -- set_environment_variables configuration option described above
      -- set_environment_variables = { FOO = "bar" },
    },
  },
}
```

<img src="../screenshots/launch-menu.png" alt="Screenshot">

Here's a fancy example that will add some helpful entries to the launcher
menu when running on Windows:

*since: 20200607-144723-74889cd4*: The launcher menu automatically includes WSL
entries by default, unless disabled using `add_wsl_distributions_to_launch_menu = false`.


```lua
local wezterm = require 'wezterm'

local launch_menu = {}

if wezterm.target_triple == 'x86_64-pc-windows-msvc' then
  table.insert(launch_menu, {
    label = 'PowerShell',
    args = { 'powershell.exe', '-NoLogo' },
  })

  -- Find installed visual studio version(s) and add their compilation
  -- environment command prompts to the menu
  for _, vsvers in
    ipairs(
      wezterm.glob('Microsoft Visual Studio/20*', 'C:/Program Files (x86)')
    )
  do
    local year = vsvers:gsub('Microsoft Visual Studio/', '')
    table.insert(launch_menu, {
      label = 'x64 Native Tools VS ' .. year,
      args = {
        'cmd.exe',
        '/k',
        'C:/Program Files (x86)/'
          .. vsvers
          .. '/BuildTools/VC/Auxiliary/Build/vcvars64.bat',
      },
    })
  end

  -- Enumerate any WSL distributions that are installed and add those to the menu
  local success, wsl_list, wsl_err =
    wezterm.run_child_process { 'wsl.exe', '-l' }
  -- `wsl.exe -l` has a bug where it always outputs utf16:
  -- https://github.com/microsoft/WSL/issues/4607
  -- So we get to convert it
  wsl_list = wezterm.utf16_to_utf8(wsl_list)

  for idx, line in ipairs(wezterm.split_by_newlines(wsl_list)) do
    -- Skip the first line of output; it's just a header
    if idx > 1 then
      -- Remove the "(Default)" marker from the default line to arrive
      -- at the distribution name on its own
      local distro = line:gsub(' %(Default%)', '')

      -- Add an entry that will spawn into the distro with the default shell
      table.insert(launch_menu, {
        label = distro .. ' (WSL default shell)',
        args = { 'wsl.exe', '--distribution', distro },
      })

      -- Here's how to jump directly into some other program; in this example
      -- its a shell that probably isn't the default, but it could also be
      -- any other program that you want to run in that environment
      table.insert(launch_menu, {
        label = distro .. ' (WSL zsh login shell)',
        args = {
          'wsl.exe',
          '--distribution',
          distro,
          '--exec',
          '/bin/zsh',
          '-l',
        },
      })
    end
  end
end

return {
  launch_menu = launch_menu,
}
```