@@ -193,7 +193,7 @@ fn hax(
193193
194194fn tar_u32<'a>(
195195 ctx: &mut InterpreterContext,
196− subj: Rc<Noun>,
196+ subj: &'a Rc<Noun>,
197197 op: u32,
198198 formula: &'a Rc<Noun>,
199199) -> Result<Rc<Noun>, TTanks> {
@@ -216,16 +216,16 @@ fn tar_u32<'a>(
216216 match ctx.jets.get(&hash) {
217217 Some(f) => f(ctx, sample),
218218 None => {
219− let foo = tar(ctx, subj.clone(), &b)?;
219+ let foo = tar(ctx, subj, &b)?;
220220 let bar = tar(ctx, subj, &c)?;
221− tar(ctx, foo, &bar)
221+ tar(ctx, &foo, &bar)
222222 }
223223 }
224224 }
225225 _ => {
226− let foo = tar(ctx, subj.clone(), &b)?;
226+ let foo = tar(ctx, subj, &b)?;
227227 let bar = tar(ctx, subj, &c)?;
228− tar(ctx, foo, &bar)
228+ tar(ctx, &foo, &bar)
229229 }
230230 }
231231 }
@@ -236,7 +236,7 @@ fn tar_u32<'a>(
236236 4 => Ok(Rc::new(lus(&*tar(ctx, subj, &formula)?)?)),
237237 5 => {
238238 let (b, c) = formula.as_cell().ok_or(TTanks::new())?;
239− let foo = tar(ctx, subj.clone(), &b)?;
239+ let foo = tar(ctx, subj, &b)?;
240240 let bar = tar(ctx, subj, &c)?;
241241 Ok(tis(ctx, &foo, &bar).clone())
242242 }
@@ -244,29 +244,29 @@ fn tar_u32<'a>(
244244 let (b, c) = formula.as_cell().ok_or(TTanks::new())?;
245245 let (c, d) = c.as_cell().ok_or(TTanks::new())?;
246246
247− let bar = tar_u32(ctx, subj.clone(), 4, &cell(&ctx.nouns.four.clone(), &b))?;
247+ let bar = tar_u32(ctx, subj, 4, &cell(&ctx.nouns.four.clone(), &b))?;
248248
249− let foo = tar_u32(ctx, ctx.nouns.two_three.clone(), 0, &bar)?;
250− let foo = tar_u32(ctx, cell(&c, &d), 0, &foo)?;
249+ let foo = tar_u32(ctx, &ctx.nouns.two_three.clone(), 0, &bar)?;
250+ let foo = tar_u32(ctx, &cell(&c, &d), 0, &foo)?;
251251
252252 tar(ctx, subj, &foo)
253253 }
254254 7 => {
255255 let (b, c) = formula.as_cell().ok_or(TTanks::new())?;
256256 let foo = tar(ctx, subj, &b)?;
257− tar(ctx, foo, &c)
257+ tar(ctx, &foo, &c)
258258 }
259259 8 => {
260260 let (b, c) = formula.as_cell().ok_or(TTanks::new())?;
261− let foo = tar(ctx, subj.clone(), &b)?;
262− tar(ctx, cell(&foo, &subj), &c)
261+ let foo = tar(ctx, subj, &b)?;
262+ tar(ctx, &cell(&foo, &subj), &c)
263263 }
264264 9 => {
265265 let (b, c) = formula.as_cell().ok_or(TTanks::new())?;
266266 let foo = tar(ctx, subj, &c)?;
267267 tar_u32(
268268 ctx,
269− foo,
269+ &foo,
270270 2,
271271 &cell(&ctx.nouns.sig_one, &cell(&ctx.nouns.sig, &b)),
272272 )
@@ -276,7 +276,7 @@ fn tar_u32<'a>(
276276 let (b, c) = b.as_cell().ok_or(TTanks::new())?;
277277 let b = b.as_atom().ok_or(TTanks::new())?;
278278
279− let foo = tar(ctx, subj.clone(), &c)?;
279+ let foo = tar(ctx, subj, &c)?;
280280 let bar = tar(ctx, subj, &d)?;
281281 hax(ctx, b, &foo, &bar)
282282 }
@@ -285,7 +285,7 @@ fn tar_u32<'a>(
285285 match b.borrow() {
286286 Noun::Atom(_) => tar(ctx, subj, &d),
287287 Noun::Cell { p, q, .. } => {
288− let eval = |ctx: &mut InterpreterContext| tar(ctx, subj.clone(), &d);
288+ let eval = |ctx: &mut InterpreterContext| tar(ctx, subj, &d);
289289 if *p == ctx.nouns.memo {
290290 let hash = cell(&subj, &d).hash();
291291 match ctx.memo.get(&hash) {
@@ -299,7 +299,7 @@ fn tar_u32<'a>(
299299 } else if *p == ctx.nouns.mean {
300300 with_trace((subj.clone(), q.clone()), eval(ctx))
301301 } else if *p == ctx.nouns.slog {
302− let noun = tar(ctx, subj.clone(), &q)?;
302+ let noun = tar(ctx, subj, &q)?;
303303 let (_prio, tank) = noun.as_cell().ok_or(TTanks::new())?;
304304
305305 (ctx.slog)(&ram(ctx, tank.clone()).unwrap_or(String::new()));
@@ -411,7 +411,7 @@ pub fn ram_ttanks(ctx: &mut InterpreterContext, tanks: TTanks) -> String {
411411pub fn ram_ttank(ctx: &mut InterpreterContext, ttank: TTank) -> String {
412412 let (subj, q) = ttank;
413413
414− let tank = match tar(ctx, subj.clone(), &q) {
414+ let tank = match tar(ctx, &subj, &q) {
415415 Ok(gate) => match eval_pulled_gate(ctx, gate) {
416416 Ok(tank) => tank,
417417 Err(_) => {
@@ -444,13 +444,13 @@ pub const EMPTY_TANKS: TTanks = TTanks::new();
444444
445445pub fn tar<'a>(
446446 ctx: &mut InterpreterContext,
447− subj: Rc<Noun>,
447+ subj: &'a Rc<Noun>,
448448 formula: &'a Noun,
449449) -> Result<Rc<Noun>, TTanks> {
450450 let (op, formula) = formula.as_cell().ok_or(TTanks::new())?;
451451 match op.borrow() {
452452 Noun::Cell { .. } => {
453− let foo = tar(ctx, subj.clone(), &op)?;
453+ let foo = tar(ctx, subj, &op)?;
454454 let bar = tar(ctx, subj, &formula)?;
455455 Ok(cell(&foo, &bar))
456456 }
@@ -471,7 +471,7 @@ pub fn eval_gate(
471471 ctx: &mut InterpreterContext,
472472 gate_factory: &Rc<Noun>,
473473) -> Result<Rc<Noun>, TTanks> {
474− let pulled_gate = tar(ctx, ctx.nouns.sig.clone(), &gate_factory)?;
474+ let pulled_gate = tar(ctx, &ctx.nouns.sig.clone(), &gate_factory)?;
475475 eval_pulled_gate(ctx, pulled_gate)
476476}
477477
@@ -480,7 +480,7 @@ pub fn slam(
480480 gate_factory: &Rc<Noun>,
481481 sample: &Rc<Noun>,
482482) -> Result<Rc<Noun>, TTanks> {
483− let gate = tar(ctx, ctx.nouns.sig.clone(), &gate_factory)?;
483+ let gate = tar(ctx, &ctx.nouns.sig.clone(), &gate_factory)?;
484484
485485 eval_pulled_gate(ctx, replace_sample(&gate, sample)?)
486486}
@@ -490,7 +490,7 @@ pub fn slam(
490490pub fn eval_pulled_gate(ctx: &mut InterpreterContext, gate: Rc<Noun>) -> Result<Rc<Noun>, TTanks> {
491491 tar(
492492 ctx,
493− gate,
493+ &gate,
494494 &cell(
495495 &Rc::new(Noun::Atom(BigUint::new(vec![9]))),
496496 &cell(&ctx.nouns.two, &cell(&ctx.nouns.sig, &ctx.nouns.one)),