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95 lines
3.4 KiB
Markdown
95 lines
3.4 KiB
Markdown
Kind2
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=====
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**Kind2** is a **functional programming language** and **proof assistant**.
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It is a complete rewrite of [Kind1](https://github.com/kindelia/kind-legacy), based on
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[HVM](https://github.com/kindelia/hvm), a **lazy**, **non-garbage-collected** and **massively parallel** virtual
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machine. In [our benchmarks](https://github.com/kindelia/functional-benchmarks), its type-checker outperforms every
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alternative proof assistant by a far margin, and its programs can offer exponential speedups over Haskell's GHC. Kind2
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unleashes the [inherent parallelism of the Lambda
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Calculus](https://github.com/VictorTaelin/Symmetric-Interaction-Calculus) to become the ultimate programming language of
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the next century.
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**Welcome to the inevitable parallel, functional future of computers!**
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Examples
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--------
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Pure functions are defined via equations, as in [Haskell](https://www.haskell.org/):
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```javascript
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// Applies a function to every element of a list
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map <a> <b> (list: List a) (f: a -> b) : List b
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map a b Nil f = Nil
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map a b (Cons head tail) f = Cons (f head) (map tail f)
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```
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Side-effective programs are written via monads, resembling [Rust](https://www.rust-lang.org/) and [TypeScript](https://www.typescriptlang.org/):
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```javascript
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// Prints the double of every number up to a limit
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Main : IO (Result () String) {
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ask limit = IO.prompt "Enter limit:"
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for x in (List.range limit) {
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IO.print "{} * 2 = {}" x (Nat.double x)
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}
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return Ok ()
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}
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```
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Theorems can be proved inductivelly, as in [Agda](https://wiki.portal.chalmers.se/agda/pmwiki.php) and [Idris](https://www.idris-lang.org/):
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```javascript
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// Black Friday Theorem. Proof that, for every Nat n: n * 2 / 2 == n.
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black_friday_theorem (n: Nat) : Equal Nat (Nat.half (Nat.double n)) n
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black_friday_theorem Nat.zero = Equal.refl
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black_friday_theorem (Nat.succ n) = Equal.apply (x => Nat.succ x) (black_friday_theorem n)
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```
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For more examples, check the [Wikind](https://github.com/kindelia/wikind).
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Usage
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-----
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First, install [Rust](https://www.rust-lang.org/tools/install) first, then enter:
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```
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cargo install kind2
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```
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### Warning:
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New versions probably are not in `cargo`, so you can install the current version of kind2 by following these instructions:
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1. Install Rust Nightly Toolchain
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2. Clone the repository
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3. `cargo install --path crates/kind-cli --force`
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Then, use any of the commands below:
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Command | Usage | Note
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---------- | ------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------
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Check | `kind2 check file.kind2` | Checks all definitions.
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Eval | `kind2 eval file.kind2` | Runs using the type-checker's evaluator.
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Run | `kind2 run file.kind2` | Runs using HVM's evaluator, on Rust-mode.
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To-HVM | `kind2 to-hvm file.kind2` | Generates a [.hvm](https://github.com/kindelia/hvm) file. Can then be compiled to C.
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To-KDL | `kind2 to-kdl file.kind2` | Generates a [.kdl](https://github.com/kindelia/kindelia) file. Can then be deployed to [Kindelia](https://github.com/kindelia/kindelia).
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Executables can be generated via HVM:
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```
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kind2 to-hvm file.kind2
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hvm compile file.hvm
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clang -O2 file.c -o file
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./file
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```
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---
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- If you need support related to Kind, email [supportkind@kindelia.org](mailto:supportkind@kindelia.org)
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- For Feedbacks, email [kind@kindelia.org](mailto:kind@kindelia.org)
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- To ask questions and join our community, check our [Discord Server](discord.gg/kindelia).
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