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8.5 KiB
8.5 KiB
| language | filename | contributors | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| coldfusion | learncoldfusion.cfm |
|
ColdFusion is a scripting language for web development. Read more here.
<em>HTML tags have been provided for output readability</em>
<!--- Comments start with "<!---" and end with "--->" --->
<!---
Comments can
also
span
multiple lines
--->
<!--- CFML tags have a similar format to HTML tags. --->
<h1>Simple Variables</h1>
<!--- Variable Declaration: Variables are loosely typed, similar to javascript --->
<p>Set <b>myVariable</b> to "myValue"</p>
<cfset myVariable = "myValue" />
<p>Set <b>myNumber</b> to 3.14</p>
<cfset myNumber = 3.14 />
<!--- Displaying simple data --->
<!--- Use <cfoutput> for simple values such as strings, numbers, and expressions --->
<p>Display <b>myVariable</b>: <cfoutput>#myVariable#</cfoutput></p><!--- myValue --->
<p>Display <b>myNumber</b>: <cfoutput>#myNumber#</cfoutput></p><!--- 3.14 --->
<hr />
<h1>Complex Variables</h1>
<!--- Declaring complex variables --->
<!--- Declaring an array of 1 dimension: literal or bracket notation --->
<p>Set <b>myArray1</b> to an array of 1 dimension using literal or bracket notation</p>
<cfset myArray1 = [] />
<!--- Declaring an array of 1 dimension: function notation --->
<p>Set <b>myArray2</b> to an array of 1 dimension using function notation</p>
<cfset myArray2 = ArrayNew(1) />
<!--- Outputting complex variables --->
<p>Contents of <b>myArray1</b></p>
<cfdump var="#myArray1#" /> <!--- An empty array object --->
<p>Contents of <b>myArray2</b></p>
<cfdump var="#myArray2#" /> <!--- An empty array object --->
<!--- Operators --->
<!--- Arithmetic --->
<h1>Operators</h1>
<h2>Arithmetic</h2>
<p>1 + 1 = <cfoutput>#1 + 1#</cfoutput></p>
<p>10 - 7 = <cfoutput>#10 - 7#<br /></cfoutput></p>
<p>15 * 10 = <cfoutput>#15 * 10#<br /></cfoutput></p>
<p>100 / 5 = <cfoutput>#100 / 5#<br /></cfoutput></p>
<p>120 % 5 = <cfoutput>#120 % 5#<br /></cfoutput></p>
<p>120 mod 5 = <cfoutput>#120 mod 5#<br /></cfoutput></p>
<hr />
<!--- Comparison --->
<h2>Comparison</h2>
<h3>Standard Notation</h3>
<p>Is 1 eq 1? <cfoutput>#1 eq 1#</cfoutput></p>
<p>Is 15 neq 1? <cfoutput>#15 neq 1#</cfoutput></p>
<p>Is 10 gt 8? <cfoutput>#10 gt 8#</cfoutput></p>
<p>Is 1 lt 2? <cfoutput>#1 lt 2#</cfoutput></p>
<p>Is 10 gte 5? <cfoutput>#10 gte 5#</cfoutput></p>
<p>Is 1 lte 5? <cfoutput>#1 lte 5#</cfoutput></p>
<h3>Alternative Notation</h3>
<p>Is 1 == 1? <cfoutput>#1 eq 1#</cfoutput></p>
<p>Is 15 != 1? <cfoutput>#15 neq 1#</cfoutput></p>
<p>Is 10 > 8? <cfoutput>#10 gt 8#</cfoutput></p>
<p>Is 1 < 2? <cfoutput>#1 lt 2#</cfoutput></p>
<p>Is 10 >= 5? <cfoutput>#10 gte 5#</cfoutput></p>
<p>Is 1 <= 5? <cfoutput>#1 lte 5#</cfoutput></p>
<hr />
<!--- Control Structures --->
<h1>Control Structures</h1>
<cfset myCondition = "Test" />
<p>Condition to test for: "<cfoutput>#myCondition#</cfoutput>"</p>
<cfif myCondition eq "Test">
<cfoutput>#myCondition#. We're testing.</cfoutput>
<cfelseif myCondition eq "Production">
<cfoutput>#myCondition#. Proceed Carefully!!!</cfoutput>
<cfelse>
myCondition is unknown
</cfif>
<hr />
<!--- Loops --->
<h1>Loops</h1>
<h2>For Loop</h2>
<cfloop from="0" to="10" index="i">
<p>Index equals <cfoutput>#i#</cfoutput></p>
</cfloop>
<h2>For Each Loop (Complex Variables)</h2>
<p>Set <b>myArray3</b> to [5, 15, 99, 45, 100]</p>
<cfset myArray3 = [5, 15, 99, 45, 100] />
<cfloop array="#myArray3#" index="i">
<p>Index equals <cfoutput>#i#</cfoutput></p>
</cfloop>
<p>Set <b>myArray4</b> to ["Alpha", "Bravo", "Charlie", "Delta", "Echo"]</p>
<cfset myArray4 = ["Alpha", "Bravo", "Charlie", "Delta", "Echo"] />
<cfloop array="#myArray4#" index="s">
<p>Index equals <cfoutput>#s#</cfoutput></p>
</cfloop>
<h2>Switch Statement</h2>
<p>Set <b>myArray5</b> to [5, 15, 99, 45, 100]</p>
<cfset myArray5 = [5, 15, 99, 45, 100] />
<cfloop array="#myArray5#" index="i">
<cfswitch expression="#i#">
<cfcase value="5,15,45" delimiters=",">
<p><cfoutput>#i#</cfoutput> is a multiple of 5.</p>
</cfcase>
<cfcase value="99">
<p><cfoutput>#i#</cfoutput> is ninety-nine.</p>
</cfcase>
<cfdefaultcase>
<p><cfoutput>#i#</cfoutput> is not 5, 15, 45, or 99.</p>
</cfdefaultcase>
</cfswitch>
</cfloop>
<hr />
<h1>Converting types</h1>
<style>
table.table th, table.table td {
border: 1px solid #000000;
padding: 2px;
}
table.table th {
background-color: #CCCCCC;
}
</style>
<table class="table" cellspacing="0">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Value</th>
<th>As Boolean</th>
<th>As number</th>
<th>As date-time</th>
<th>As string</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th>"Yes"</th>
<td>TRUE</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>Error</td>
<td>"Yes"</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th>"No"</th>
<td>FALSE</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>Error</td>
<td>"No"</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th>TRUE</th>
<td>TRUE</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>Error</td>
<td>"Yes"</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th>FALSE</th>
<td>FALSE</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>Error</td>
<td>"No"</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th>Number</th>
<td>True if Number is not 0; False otherwise.</td>
<td>Number</td>
<td>See "Date-time values" earlier in this chapter.</td>
<td>String representation of the number (for example, "8").</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th>String</th>
<td>If "Yes", True <br>If "No", False <br>If it can be converted to 0, False <br>If it can be converted to any other number, True</td>
<td>If it represents a number (for example, "1,000" or "12.36E-12"), it is converted to the corresponding number.</td>
<td>If it represents a date-time (see next column), it is converted to the numeric value of the corresponding date-time object. <br>If it is an ODBC date, time, or timestamp (for example "{ts '2001-06-14 11:30:13'}", or if it is expressed in a standard U.S. date or time format, including the use of full or abbreviated month names, it is converted to the corresponding date-time value. <br>Days of the week or unusual punctuation result in an error. <br>Dashes, forward-slashes, and spaces are generally allowed.</td>
<td>String</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th>Date</th>
<td>Error</td>
<td>The numeric value of the date-time object.</td>
<td>Date</td>
<td>An ODBC timestamp.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<hr />
<h1>Components</h1>
<em>Code for reference (Functions must return something to support IE)</em>
<pre>
<cfcomponent>
<cfset this.hello = "Hello" />
<cfset this.world = "world" />
<cffunction name="sayHello">
<cfreturn this.hello & ", " & this.world & "!" />
</cffunction>
<cffunction name="setHello">
<cfargument name="newHello" type="string" required="true" />
<cfset this.hello = arguments.newHello />
<cfreturn true />
</cffunction>
<cffunction name="setWorld">
<cfargument name="newWorld" type="string" required="true" />
<cfset this.world = arguments.newWorld />
<cfreturn true />
</cffunction>
<cffunction name="getHello">
<cfreturn this.hello />
</cffunction>
<cffunction name="getWorld">
<cfreturn this.world />
</cffunction>
</cfcomponent>
</pre>
<cfset this.hello = "Hello" />
<cfset this.world = "world" />
<cffunction name="sayHello">
<cfreturn this.hello & ", " & this.world & "!" />
</cffunction>
<cffunction name="setHello">
<cfargument name="newHello" type="string" required="true" />
<cfset this.hello = arguments.newHello />
<cfreturn true />
</cffunction>
<cffunction name="setWorld">
<cfargument name="newWorld" type="string" required="true" />
<cfset this.world = arguments.newWorld />
<cfreturn true />
</cffunction>
<cffunction name="getHello">
<cfreturn this.hello />
</cffunction>
<cffunction name="getWorld">
<cfreturn this.world />
</cffunction>
<b>sayHello()</b>
<cfoutput><p>#sayHello()#</p></cfoutput>
<b>getHello()</b>
<cfoutput><p>#getHello()#</p></cfoutput>
<b>getWorld()</b>
<cfoutput><p>#getWorld()#</p></cfoutput>
<b>setHello("Hola")</b>
<cfoutput><p>#setHello("Hola")#</p></cfoutput>
<b>setWorld("mundo")</b>
<cfoutput><p>#setWorld("mundo")#</p></cfoutput>
<b>sayHello()</b>
<cfoutput><p>#sayHello()#</p></cfoutput>
<b>getHello()</b>
<cfoutput><p>#getHello()#</p></cfoutput>
<b>getWorld()</b>
<cfoutput><p>#getWorld()#</p></cfoutput>
Further Reading
The links provided here below are just to get an understanding of the topic, feel free to Google and find specific examples.