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| category | tool | contributors | filename | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| tool | tmux |
|
LearnTmux.txt |
tmux is a terminal multiplexer: it enables a number of terminals to be created, accessed, and controlled from a single screen. tmux may be detached from a screen and continue running in the background then later reattached.
tmux [command] # Run a command
# 'tmux' with no commands will create a new session
new # Create a new session
-s "Session" # Create named session
-n "Window" # Create named Window
-c "/dir" # Start in target directory
attach # Attach last/available session
-t "#" # Attach target session
-d # Detach the session from other instances
ls # List open sessions
-a # List all open sessions
lsw # List windows
-a # List all windows
-s # List all windows in session
lsp # List panes
-a # List all panes
-s # List all panes in session
-t # List all panes in target
kill-window # Kill current window
-t "#" # Kill target window
-a # Kill all windows
-a -t "#" # Kill all windows but the target
kill-session # Kill current session
-t "#" # Kill target session
-a # Kill all sessions
-a -t "#" # Kill all sessions but the target
Key Bindings
The method of controlling an attached tmux session is via key combinations called 'Prefix' keys.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
(C-b) = Ctrl + b # 'Prefix' combination required to use keybinds
(M-1) = Meta + 1 -or- Alt + 1
----------------------------------------------------------------------
? # List all key bindings
: # Enter the tmux command prompt
r # Force redraw of the attached client
c # Create a new window
! # Break the current pane out of the window.
% # Split the current pane into two, left and right
" # Split the current pane into two, top and bottom
n # Change to the next window
p # Change to the previous window
{ # Swap the current pane with the previous pane
} # Swap the current pane with the next pane
[ # Enter Copy Mode to copy text or view history.
s # Select a new session for the attached client
interactively
w # Choose the current window interactively
0 to 9 # Select windows 0 to 9
d # Detach the current client
D # Choose a client to detach
& # Kill the current window
x # Kill the current pane
Up, Down # Change to the pane above, below, left, or right
Left, Right
M-1 to M-5 # Arrange panes:
# 1) even-horizontal
# 2) even-vertical
# 3) main-horizontal
# 4) main-vertical
# 5) tiled
C-Up, C-Down # Resize the current pane in steps of one cell
C-Left, C-Right
M-Up, M-Down # Resize the current pane in steps of five cells
M-Left, M-Right
Configuring ~/.tmux.conf
tmux.conf can be used to set options automatically on start up, much like how .vimrc or init.el are used.
# Example tmux.conf
# 2015.12
### General
###########################################################################
# Scrollback/History limit
set -g history-limit 2048
# Index Start
set -g base-index 1
# Mouse
set-option -g -q mouse on
# Force reload of config file
unbind r
bind r source-file ~/.tmux.conf
### Keybinds
###########################################################################
# Unbind C-b as the default prefix
unbind C-b
# Set new default prefix
set-option -g prefix `
# Return to previous window when prefix is pressed twice
bind C-a last-window
bind ` last-window
# Allow swapping C-a and ` using F11/F12
bind F11 set-option -g prefix C-a
bind F12 set-option -g prefix `
# Keybind preference
setw -g mode-keys vi
set-option -g status-keys vi
# Moving between panes with vim movement keys
bind h select-pane -L
bind j select-pane -D
bind k select-pane -U
bind l select-pane -R
# Window Cycle/Swap
bind e previous-window
bind f next-window
bind E swap-window -t -1
bind F swap-window -t +1
# Easy split pane commands
bind = split-window -h
bind - split-window -v
unbind '"'
unbind %
# Activate inner-most session (when nesting tmux) to send commands
bind a send-prefix
### Theme
###########################################################################
# Statusbar Color Palette
set-option -g status-justify left
set-option -g status-bg black
set-option -g status-fg white
set-option -g status-left-length 40
set-option -g status-right-length 80
# Pane Border Color Palette
set-option -g pane-active-border-fg green
set-option -g pane-active-border-bg black
set-option -g pane-border-fg white
set-option -g pane-border-bg black
# Message Color Palette
set-option -g message-fg black
set-option -g message-bg green
# Window Status Color Palette
setw -g window-status-bg black
setw -g window-status-current-fg green
setw -g window-status-bell-attr default
setw -g window-status-bell-fg red
setw -g window-status-activity-attr default
setw -g window-status-activity-fg yellow
### UI
###########################################################################
# Notification
setw -g monitor-activity on
set -g visual-activity on
set-option -g bell-action any
set-option -g visual-bell off
# Automatically set window titles
set-option -g set-titles on
set-option -g set-titles-string '#H:#S.#I.#P #W #T' # window number,program name,active (or not)
# Statusbar Adjustments
set -g status-left "#[fg=red] #H#[fg=green]:#[fg=white]#S#[fg=green] |#[default]"
# Show performance counters in statusbar
# Requires https://github.com/thewtex/tmux-mem-cpu-load/
set -g status-interval 4
set -g status-right "#[fg=green] | #[fg=white]#(tmux-mem-cpu-load)#[fg=green] | #[fg=cyan]%H:%M #[default]"